(完整)高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习和答案

虚拟语气

虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设，所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相反或在现实中发生的可能性极小。根据时间的不同，虚拟条件句可分为三种，即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句、与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。具体情

例句：

（1）表示与现在事实相反

If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you.

（2）表示与过去事实相反

If he had taken your advice, he wouldn’t have made such a bad mistake.

（3）表示与将来事实相反

I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow.

1. 虚拟条件句的倒装

在虚拟条件句中，为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性，或突出说话人的一种主观愿望，虚拟条件句可用倒装结构。虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉if，把条件从句谓语中的助动词、情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的。例如：

Had I been（= If I had been ）in that situation，I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money.

Should there be （= If there should be） a drought，what should we do at that time ？

2. 错综时间条件句

有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一致，这时谓语动词的形式应根据它所要表示的具体时间来确定。例如：

If we hadn’t been working hard in the past few years ，things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.

3. 含蓄条件句

有时假设的情况并不以条件从句的形式表现出来，而是通过某个介词或介词短语（如：with，otherwise，without，but for，in that position）、上下文或其它方式表现出来。这种句子称为含蓄条件句。例如：

But for the help from you ，I would not have had the chance to go to college.

二、虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用

在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气，表示愿望、建议或命令等。根据虚拟语气的形式不同，虚拟语气可以分为“should类”和“过去时态类”。

（一）should类

这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用“should +动词原形”体现出来的，should 可以省略。其具体运用体现在：

1. 在suggest ，order，demand ，propose，command，request，desire，insist等表示建议、命令、要求、意见的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。

如：He suggests that she should leave the house at once.

The leader ordered that the task（should）be finished as soon as possible.

He proposed that we （should）deal with the problem by the view of development.

2. 与suggest，order，demand，propose，command，request，desire，insist等动词相对应

的名词suggestion，order，demand，proposal等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语

气。如：The general sent the order that the battle（should）be held on until the complete failure of

the enemy.

My proposal is that we（should）set a deadline for handing in the plan.

3. 在It is/was suggested （ordered，demanded，proposed，etc.）结构以及necessary，essential，

important，strange，natural等形容词后的主语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：

It’s requested that we （should）keep the stability of the society for the people’s peaceful life.

It is necessary that the badly wounded man（should）be treated immediately.

（二）过去时态类

英语中，还有一些词或短语后接的从句或句子，也要使用虚拟语气，虚拟语气是通过句中的谓语使用过去的某种时态（如：一般过去时、过去完成时等）来体现的。

1. wish，would rather 后的宾语从句。如：

He wished he had never been involved in such affairs.

I would rather you could teach me again.

2. as if，as though引导的从句。如：

The little boy knows so many things as if he was a man.

He acted as usual as though nothing had happened.

3. 由if only （要是……，那该多好啊！）引导的惊叹句。如：

If only I had passed the test！

If only it stopped raining！

4. It is（about/high）time 后的定语从句。如：

It is time we went out for a walk.

It was high time they had begun to prepare the experiment.

三、虚拟语气的其它用法

在英语中，一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子，也需要使用虚拟语气。如：

Would you mind smoking here？

May you be lucky！

Long live the people of China！

God save me.

高中英语虚拟语气练习题

二．选择题

1. If only he ____quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.

A. lies

B. lay

C. had lain

D. should lie

2. How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden.

A. has

B. had

C. will have

D. had had

3. You did not let me drive. If we ____in turn, you ____ so tired

A. drove; didn’t get

B. drove; wouldn’t get

C. were driving; wouldn’t get

D. had driven ; wouldn’t have got

4. _____it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge

A. Were

B. Should

C. Would

D. Will

5. I suggested the person _____ to be put into prison

A. refers

B. referring

C. referred

D. refer

6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it____

A. breaks

B. has broken

C. were broken

D. had been broken

7. I insisted _____to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ___ wrong with him

A. on him to go; should be

B. he went; be

C. he go; was

D. he should to; is

8. ---Your aunt invites you to the movies today

---I had rather she ____ me tomorrow than today

A. tells

B. told

C. would tell

D. had told

9. ---Would you have called her up had it been possible

---Yes, but I ____busy doing my homework

A. was

B. were

C. had been

D. would be

10. I was ill that day, otherwise I ____ the sports meet

A. would have taken part in

B. took part in

C. had taken part in

D. would take part in

11. ___the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easily

A. Had it not been for

B. If it were not

C. If it had not been for

D. Were it not for

12. If my lawyer ____here last Sunday, he ____ me from going

A. had been, would have prevented

B. had been, would prevent

C. were, prevent

D. were, would have prevented

13. ____hard, he would have passed the exam

A. If he were to work

B. Had he worked

C. Should he work

D. Were he to work

14. ____today, he would get there by Friday

A. Were he to leave

B. If he had left

C. Did he to leave

D. Had he left

15. Had you listened to the doctor, you ____all right now

A. are

B. were

C. would be

D. would have been

16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she ____, she would have met my brother

A. has come

B. did come

C. come

D. had come

17. He ____busy yesterday, or he ___you with your experiment.

A. was, had helped

B. was, would have helped

C. had been, would have helped

D. were, would have helped

18. If it ____for the snow, we____ the mountain yesterday

A. were not, could have climb

B. were not, could climb

C. had not been, could have climbed

D. hadn’t been, could climb

19. Without electricity, human life ____quite difficult today

A. is

B. will be

C. would have been

D. would be

20. ---I am going to tell her the news

---I would as soon you _____her about it

A. didn’t tell

B. don’t tell

C. hadn’t tell

D. won’t tell

21. Mike’s father, as well as his mother, insisted he ____home

A. stayed

B. could stay

C. has stayed

D. stay

22. It was requested that the play ____again

A. should put on

B. would put on

C. be put on

D. put on

23. She insisted that a doctor _____ immediately

A. had sent for

B. send

C. be sent for

D. was sent

24. ---Did you scold him for his carelessness

----Yes, but ____it

A. I’d rather not do

B. I’d rather not have done

C. I should’ t do

D. I’d better not do

25. If only I ___my car

A. hadn’t lost

B. wouldn’t lose

C. didn’t lose

D. haven’t lost

26. But for water, it ____impossible to live in the earth

A. is

B. would

C. were

D. wouldn’t be

27. I would rather you ____anything about it for the time being

A. do

B. didn’t do

C. don’t

D. didn’t

28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he ____ their own son

A. is

B. were

C. had been

D. should be

29. How the old people wish that they ____young once more

A. were

B. could become

C. had been

D. should be

30. It is high time that we ____ a meeting to discuss this problem

A. hold

B. held

C. have held

D. had held

31. The thief closed his eyes ____ he ____dying

A. even if , was

B. though, would be

C. even, had been

D. as if, were

32. I wish that you ____ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the concert

A. had not

B. did not have had

C. hadn’t had

D. hadn’t have

33. The chairman insisted that we ____the question again

A. will discuss

B. to discuss

C. should discuss

D. will be discussed

34. He requested that the students ____them get in crops

A. help

B. to help

C. helped

D. helping

35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _____the rules

A. obeys

B. Obey

C. will obey

D. would obey

36. I wish I ____here then

A. was

B. had been

C. were

D. would be

37. It is strange that he ____back so early

A. came

B. will come

C. had come

D. should have come

38. Mother suggested that I ___my homework first before watching TV

A. did

B. do

C. shall do

D. have done

39. My suggestion is that the meeting ____off till nest Sunday

A. be put

B. put

C. should put

D. had been put

40. He is talking so much about America as if he ____ there

A. had been

B. has been

C. was

D. been

41. The teacher demanded that the exam _____ before eleven

A. must finish

B. would be finished

C. be finished

D. must be finished

C B

D B C C C B A A D A B A C D B C D A

D C C B A C B B A B D C C A B B D B A A

C D C B C D D B C D B B A A A C D C

高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解大全

高中英语虚拟语气详细讲解 虚拟语气 什么是虚拟语气？是的，我们要学习虚拟语气就必须先弄明白它的概念。 虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类；even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类；wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。 另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如和suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。 大家知道以上两类虚拟语气后，我们就从从句的角度来系统学习虚拟语气。紧跟小简老师的步伐哦！ 一. 虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were) 主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do

If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你） If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的，我就会告诉你。（事实：不知道） If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done If I had got there earlier,I should/would have met her. 如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake. 如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3、表示与将来事实相反的情况

虚拟语气详解

虚拟语气详解 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望（往往与客观事实相反），或是表示假象和猜测。虚拟语气无论从形式上还是时态上都比较复杂，需要归类记忆。 虚拟语气大体分为三类：(1) be型虚拟(2) were型虚拟(3) if 条件句及主句虚拟下面会详细说每种虚拟形式的特征和规律，考试时先判断属于哪种虚拟类型，剩下的皆是套路~ （1）be型虚拟（基本是套路） 形式：should + 动词原形，should可以省略 用法：1）表示“命令、建议、要求”等意义词语之后的宾语从句用be型虚拟，常见的词如下: demand, desire, insist, order, ask, command, propose, recommend, suggest, prefer, require, request等 最常见的形式是这类动词后面接着一个宾语从句，则宾语从句的谓语部分要用（should）+ 动词原形来虚拟 例: We demand that the meeting（should）be postponed. The manager suggested that we (should) work together. 注意：有时候你所见到不一定是上述动词引导的宾语从句，而是由上述词变体后所引导主语从句(it做形式主语，如：it is advised/ suggested/ requested/ ordered/ proposed that…)、表语从句或同位语从句 例如：It is required that the students (should) learn a foreign language. (主语从句) The requirement is that all the equipment in the meeting room (should) be checked twice before. (表语从句) We didn’t stand for his proposal that the meeting (should)be postponed. (同位语从句) 只要看到句中有上述动词或其变体，不管词性怎么变、句型怎么变，都用be型虚拟！ 特例：suggest和insist这两个比较特殊，当suggest作“暗示、表明、说明”讲，insist 作“坚持说”讲，后面一般跟的是客观事实，不需要虚拟~这是一个比较重要的考点，体会下面两组句子： We all suggest that a lab (should) be built. 我们都建议建一个实验室。 Her expression suggests that she is angry. 她的表情说明她生气了。 She insisted that we should find the source of the river. 她坚持主张我们应该找到河的源头。 She insisted that she had done nothing wrong. 她坚持说自己没做错事。 suggest 的区别很明显，但insist有点难辨别，一般来说如果insist后面跟的是某种主张，或是坚持要做一件事，那么用虚拟。 2）表示主观看法，常表示“某事是必要的、重要的。。。怎么怎么样的”，尤其是在“ it is +名词/形容词+ that从句”结构中，常见的形容词包括：advisable, desirable, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, proper, dispensable, impossible, natural, surprising等 例如：It is advisable that you (should) leave now. It is necessary that teenagers (should) take part in outside activities. It is of great importance that smoking (should) be banned in public area.

高中英语虚拟语气详解和练习(含答案解析)

虚拟语气 第一节语气 英语的动词一般可带有三种不同的语气：陈述语气（Indicative Mood），祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气（Subjunctive Mood）。不同的语气用动词的不同形式（有的还借助句法形式）来表示。 第二节虚拟语气的概念 虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等 (在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)。 第三节虚拟语气在条件句中 １．当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整． If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了． ２．在条件句中，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式． If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.

第四节虚拟语气在名词从句中的运用 一、虚拟语气在主语从句中 A.在句型“It is important (necessary, strange, natural) that .... ”中，表示某事 重要、奇怪、自然、必要等；that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形（should 可以省略）例如： It’s important that we should take good care of the patient. 重要的是我们要照顾好病人。 这类的形容词还有advisable（可取的），appropriate（适当的），compulsary（必须的），crucial （关键的），desirable（理想的），essential（必要的），imperative（迫切的），important(重要的)，possible（可能的），preferable（更好的），probable（可能的），strange（奇怪的），urgent（急迫的），vital（极为重要的）等。 B. 在It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required/recommended/requested/required/. that-clause句型中从句用(should )+动词原型，表示愿望，建议，请求等主观意愿等。 It is demanded that we should work out a plan. C. 在It is a pity/a shame/ no wonderproposal/recommendation/suggestion/surprise/advice that…..句型中从句也常用(should )+动词原型,表示建议，命令，请求，道歉，怀疑，惊奇等。 It’s a pity that you (should) miss a good chance. 二、用于宾语从句 用于表示命令、建议、要求等一类词后面的宾语从句。 insist, suggest, order, command, advise, propose, require, request, demand, desire etc. 注意：suggest 当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist 表示”坚持认为“之意时，应用陈述语气。 The teacher suggested that we should clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。 The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work. 他脸上的表情表明他对我们的工作很满意． He insisted that all of us be there on time by any means. 他坚持要求我们大家想尽办法按时去那里。 The man insisted that he had never stolen the money. 那个人坚持说他没有偷钱． 三、用于表语从句和同位语从句 在suggestion / proposal / order / plan / advice / idea / request /desire/ recommendation/resolution 等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形” should可以省略． My advice is that you should practice speaking English as often as possible. 我的建议是你要尽可能经常地练习说英语。 The suggestion that the mayor should present the prizes was accepted by everyone. 每个人都接受由市长颁发奖金这一建议。 第五节虚拟语气在其他从句中 1. It is (high / about ) time that…从句中的谓语动词用过去式或should＋动词原形，should 不能省略．

(完整)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解

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