学龄前儿童第一恒磨牙应用窝沟封闭剂预防窝沟龋的临床效果分析

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学龄前儿童第一恒磨牙应用窝沟封闭剂预防窝沟龋的临床效果分析

作者：李玥盛艾

来源：《中国实用医药》2016年第06期

【摘要】龋齿是世界上流行最广泛的疾病，我国2005年第三次口腔健康流调显示，在

我国40%～60%的儿童患有龋病，而窝沟龋占龋齿的90%。仅恒牙窝沟龋齿发病率就占总龋

齿发病率的84.7%。目前对窝沟龋齿的预防比较有效的方法为窝沟封闭，它是指在不去除牙体组织的基础上，在咬合面上涂布一层粘结性树脂而形成一层保护性屏障，保护牙体组织不受细菌及代谢产物侵蚀，同时使窝沟内原有细菌因断绝营养而逐渐死亡，从而增强牙齿抗龋能力，预防窝沟龋的发生，还可使早期龋损停止发展，而达到预防龋病发生的一种有效防龋方法。目前许多发达国家己经推广，并取得很好效果。窝沟封闭还强调要在适宜时间操作，才能起到最好的效果。

【关键词】学龄前儿童；窝沟封闭；预防；窝沟龋

【Abstract】 Caries is the most popular disease in the world. According to the third Chinese oral health epidemiological survey in 2005， 40%～60% of children had caries， and 90% of them had pit and fissure caries. Incidence of pit and fissure caries in permanent teeth accounted for 84.7% of the total incidence of caries. Pit and fissure sealant is an effective method for preventing pit and fissure caries. This method coated a resin bonding layer to form a layer of protective barriers without removal of tooth tissue. The layer protected tooth from bacteria and metabolite， and eliminate bacteria in pit and fissure as well. It is an effective method in preventing caries by strengthening caries resistance ability of tooth， preventing incidence of pit and fissure caries， and suppressing development of early caries. Pit and fissure sealant has been promoted in various developed countries with excellent effects. This method also requires operation in appropriate time to show satisfactory effect.

【Key words】 Preschool children； Pit and fissure sealant； Prevention； Pit and fissure caries

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料检查中，随机选择2010年1月～2012年1月来本科就诊的7～9岁儿童179例716颗健康的第一恒磨牙为研究对象，所选儿童均签有家长知情同意书，男女不限，所选第一恒磨牙均具备以下条件[1]：①两侧第一恒磨牙牙冠完全萌出，无龈瓣覆盖；②咬合面无龋；③咬合面窝沟较深；④无釉质发育不全、无畸形、无氟牙症和四环素牙；⑤咬合关系正常；⑥患儿依从性较好。排除标准：可疑龋和浅龋。