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现在完成时被动语态导学案及答案

高一英语课前作业A

姓名班级组别编制时间编号43 审批课题：Unit 3 Grammar 现在完成时的被动语态

【学习目标】

1.现在完成时被动语态的构成

2. 现在完成时被动语态的主要用法3．使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题

【重点难点】

能够熟练运用现在完成时被动语态。

【课前预习】现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合，即“have + been + 动词过去分词”。试比较以下几组句子的谓语结构：

1. 主动：He has repaired the machine for two hours. （他修理这台机器已有两小时了）

被动：The machine has been repaired for two hours. （这台机器已修了两小时了）

2. 主动句：The teacher has borrowed the books. （老师把那些书借走了）

被动句：The books have been borrowed by the teacher. （那些书被老师借走了）

【完成目标】

目标一：现在完成时被动语态的构成。

1．现在完成时被动语态的肯定式：

由________________________________________________________________________构成。例如：Two windows have been broken．两个窗子被打破了。

2. 现在完成时被动语态的否定式：

由________________________________________________________________________构成。例如：The car has not been repaired．这辆汽车还没有修好。

3. 现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式：

由________________________________________________________________________构成。例如：①─Has her work been finished？她的工作完成了吗？─Yes，it has．是的，完成了。

②─Have the cars been repaired？这些汽车修好了吗？─No，they haven't．不，还没有。

4. 现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问式：

由________________________________________________________________________构成。例如：How long has her work been finished？她的工作完成有多久了？

Who has been helped by the new computer？谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？

目标二：现在完成时被动语态的主要用法。

1．表示被动的动作发生在说话之前（即现在的过去），强调对现在造成的影响和结果。当动词为短暂动词时，可与already或yet连用，但不可与for或since引导的时间状语连用。例如：The door has been locked. 门被锁上了。（结果是现在没有人能进去）

房间已打扫干净了。翻译：_____________________________________________________ 2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能将持续下去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于How long．．．？句型中。连用的时间状语有：already, yet, lately, recently, in the past/last few days/years, since then, up to now, so far 等。

例如：They have been told about it for many times．有人告诉他们这事很多次了。（可能还会有人告诉他们）这机器使用有多久了？翻译：______________________________________目标三：使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题。

1．现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have ／has和been，两者缺一不可。

2．注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。

例如：The house was built last year．这房子是去年建造的。

The house has been built．这房子已经建好了。

3．由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow，join，marry，open等非延续性词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如for four days，how long等连用，而要改换动词或时态。例如：译：这本书买了多久了？

误：How long has this book been bought？正：How long ago was this book bought？

但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。例如：No books have been bought since last week．自上周以来，没有人来买过书。4．短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。例如：The orphan has been well looked after．这位孤儿一直受到很好的照顾。【课堂小结】

本节从知识上学到了什么？

本节从方法上学到了什么？

高一英语作业B（课后）

一、将空白处补充完整,完成下列含有被动语态的句子(每空一词)。

1. They have built many houses in the village in the past few years.

Many houses _________ __________ ___________ in the village in the past few years.

2. They should have completed the project earlier this month.

The project __________ __________ ___________ ___________ earlier this month.

3. Jack's boss has always praised him for his devotion to work.

Jack ________ _____________ ___________ ________ by his boss for his devotion to work.

4. They have found a good place to build a nest in the community.

A good place __________ __________ ___________ to build a nest in the community.

5. They haven't yet decided how to solve that difficult technological problem.

How to solve that difficult technological problem __________ ___________ ___________ yet.二．选择题

1. -------I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard. -----------_________________________?

A. Has it all been finished

B. Was it all finished

C. Has it all finished

D. Did it all finish

2. Millions of pounds’ worth of damage _____________by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.

A. has been caused

B. had been caused

C. will be caused

D. will have been caused

3. More patients ______________ in hospital this year than last year.

A. treated

B. have treated

C. had been treated

D. have been treated

4. —The window is dirty. —I know. It ________________for weeks.

A. hasn’t cleaned

B. didn’t clean

C. wasn’t cleaned

D. hasn’t been cleaned 5．Paper money _______________ for over a thousand years．

A．used B．has been used C．has used D．is using

6．Great changes ____________ in my hometown and a lot of factories ___________．A．have been taken place；are being set up B．have taken place；have been set up C．are taken place；had been set up D．had taken place；will be set up 7．Come and sit down by the fire．Your hand___________________ cold．

A．has been felt B．feels C．is felt D．has felt

8．The fire __________to the fifth floor．____________ all the people______________？A．has got；Have；been saved B．has been got；Have；saved

C．has got；Do；save D．has got；Have；saved

9．—We want to sit at the table near the window．

—I’m sorry，but it _____________ already．

A．has taken B．took C．was taken D．has been taken

10．Some of the chapters（片段）________________ by many students．

A．have been widely read B．have read widely

C．were wide read D．had been widely read

11．Why don’t you go to the book store to buy some books？Many new books __________ there．

A．have just brought B．have just been brought

C．were just brought D．are just brought

12．Till now，three films ______________ in that small village this month．

A．have shown B．have been shown C．were shown D．will be shown

13．Do you know the thief ______________ by the police？

A．has caught B．has been catching C．was caught D．has been caught

14．My sister is working in the power plant that ____________for just one year．

A．was used B．has been used C．is used D．has used

三、短文改错。

My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US, which was very interested. One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help. As the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to be sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas trees. On the box was a card say: “25 cents each.”“You will never sell these for that much,”he told Nick. Convinced, Nick has bought the price up to 10 cents a piece. Without a moment’s delay, my neighbor picked up the box but announced, “ I’ll take them.”

学生得分

【日期】月日

【批语】

导学案43答案

课前作业A

have ／has ＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词

have ／has ＋not＋been ＋及物动词的过去分词

have ／has ＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词

疑问词＋have／has＋主语＋been＋及物动词的过去分词

翻译：

The room has already been cleaned. How long has the machine been used?

课后作业B

一．填空。

1. have been built

2. should have been completed

3. has always been praised

4. has been found

5. hasn’t been decided

二．选择。

第1题的第一句话告诉我们，橱柜里看不到咖啡了，所以紧接着要问“咖啡已经被喝完了吗？”，故选A。

第2题的意思是“昨晚横扫英格兰北部的暴风雨已经造成了上百万英镑的损失”，这里强调发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响，故选A。

第3题中的patients与treat之间是被动关系，排除A、B。根据时间状语this year可知用现在完成时的被动语态，故选D。

第4题上句提到“窗户很脏”，所以下句应该是“窗户已经有数周没有被擦了”，故选D。

5-14 BBBAD ABBDB

三．短文改错。

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English song. Then ask and answer some questions between the teacher and the students. T: Do you think it’ fun? What are they doing? Do you like traveling? Ok, today we’re going to talk about some interesting places we have been to or we’re going to. That’s Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park? (Show the students the amusement park on video) T: Look! This is an amusement park. It’s so beautiful, isn’t it? Step2. Presentation Presenting some pictures of amusement park, zoo, aquarium, space museum and water park. Have you ever been to a/an …? Yes, I have. / Me, too. / So have I. No, I haven’t. /Me, either. / Neither have I. Step3. Practice Students look at the pictures and make similar dialogues in pairs. A: Have you (ever) been to a/an …? B: Yes, I have. What about you? A: Me, too. / So have I. A: Have you (ever) been to a/an …? B: No, I haven’t. What about you? A: I haven’t, either. / Me, neither. Step4. Listening

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现在完成时的基本用法一、现在完成时的定义现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。二、现在完成时的构成（以动词work 为例）三、现在完成时的用法 1.强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。例如： —Have you had lunch yet? 你（已经）吃午饭了吗？ —Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. 是的，吃过了。我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了） 2. 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等表示一段时间的状语。可以用how long 提问，谓语动词用延续性动词。例如： 1)-How long have you lived here? -I have lived here for about 10 years. 2)He has taught here since 1981. 他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） 3)I haven’t seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 (3)直到现在为止的生活经历，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。例如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京两次。 He has never been late for school.

have gone to 表示“去了还没回来” have been to 表示‘去过’ It can’t be John.He has gone to the town. John knows the way well.He has been to the city before. 四、现在完成时常用的时间状语 before, by now (so far), once, twice …, just, recently, yet(否/疑), already(肯), ever, never, all one ’s life , in /during the past /last 5 years We have already finished our homework. 我们已完成作业了。 They haven ’t finished their homework yet. 他们还没有完成作业。 — Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗？ — I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 I have seen her before, but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。 He has been there three times the last few days. 近几天他去过那里三次了。五、非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换及动词不规则变化表 1、由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换： arrive → be here begin(start) → be on die →be dead come back → be back leave →be away fall ill(sick, asleep)→be ill(sick , asleep) get up→be up go out→be out finish →be over put on→wear 或be on open→be open join→be in 或 be a member of… close→be closed go to school → be a student borrow→keep buy→have ca tch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study→study come to work→work He has been a soldier for three years. 他参军三年了。 His father has been dead for two years. 他父亲去世两年了。 The film has been on for ten minutes. 电影已开始十分钟了。 We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。

2020-2021学年英语北师大版必修4学案：Unit11单元语法(一)——被动语态

Period Six Grammar 单元语法(一)——被动语态 [语法图解] [语法感悟] 单句语法填空 1．The Group of Eight, or G8, was_formed (form) by eight of the world's wealthiest nations in 1998. 2．The G8 is_made (make) up of political leaders from France, the United States, Britain, Germany, Japan, Italy, Canada and Russia. 3．It is going to be remembered as a historical meeting this year, as the topic of Africa will_be_discussed (discuss) in detail. 4．Reforms have_been_demanded (demand) by people all over the world. 5．We can't use the bridge now, because it is_being_repaired (repair)．

一、动词语态的基本概念语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态，主动语态(Active V oice)和被动语态(Passive V oice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。同一件事往往既可以用主动句又可以用被动句来表达，但侧重点有所不同。一般来说，主动语态侧重于行为者即动作的发出者，而被动语态侧重于动作的对象即动作的承受者。 They have caught a snake. 他们抓住了一条蛇。 All the old houses along the street have been pulled down. 沿街所有的旧房子都已经被拆掉了。二、被动语态的构成被动语态的基本形式是由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。时态被动语态的构成一般现在时is/am/are＋动词的过去分词一般过去时was/were＋动词的过去分词一般将来时will＋be＋动词的过去分词； is/am/are＋going to be＋动词的过去分词过去将来时would be＋过去分词现在进行时is/am/are＋being＋动词的过去分词过去进行时was/were＋being＋动词的过去分词现在完成时have/has＋been＋动词的过去分词过去完成时had＋been＋动词的过去分词含情态动词情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词我们的教室每天都被打扫。

2020中考英语现在完成时导学案外研版

2020中考英语：现在完成时现在完成时态是中考必考的内容之一，既是重点，也是难点。通过本文的指导，相信每一个同学对于现在完成时这一知识点的运用和应试也能得心应手。一、现在完成时的意义及用法： 1. 表示一个过去发生的动作在过去已经完成，并且这个过去发生并完成的动作对现在有影响或结果，同时说话者强调的或感兴趣的就是这个影响或结果（影响性）。 I have seen this movie, so I won’t go to the cinema. 我已经看过这部电影了，因此我不去电影院。（看这部电影是过去发生的，对现在的影响是已经知晓电影内容，不想再去看。） 2. 表示一个过去发生的动作并未在过去完成，而是一直持续到现在，并且有可能继续下去或许也可能到此结束（持续性）。 We have learnt English for three years. 我们已经学英语三年了。（从三年前开始学英语，一直持续到现在，后续还可能继续学下去）注意：现在完成时态在大的范畴上属于现在时，不是过去时。与一般过去时的区别：两个时态的动作都是发生在过去,但现在完成时强调的是动作持续到了现在,并对现在造成了影响,而一般过去时与现在没有任何关系,只是表达一个过去的动作,不涉及现在的情况。 (1)Tom have lived in China since 1999. (2)Tom lived in China in 1999. (1)句中强调Tom自从1999年就住在中国，从1999年一直到现在。（2）句中强调Tom 在1999年住在中国，仅限于过去（1999年），现在情况如何无从知晓。提醒：在平时的交际或作文中，能用现在完成时的，尽可能用现在完成时来表达。二、现在完成时的结构主语 + have/has + 动词的过去分词三、常用搭配标志性时间状语：since + 过去时间点或一般过去时, so far, by + 现在时间非标志性时间状语：recently, for + 时间段常用副词：already, yet, still...

高考英语被动语态、条件状语从句和让步状语从句导学案

被动语态、条件状语从句和让步状语从句李仕才课程目标一、学习目标 1. 条件状语从句及其连词的用法。 2. 让步状语从句及其连词的用法。 3. 被动语态。二、重点、难点重点：条件状语从句、让步状语从句及被动语态。难点：让步状语从句和名词性从句的区别。三、考情分析这三种语法是高考考查的重点语法，历年考题中占有重要的地位，一般能在单选中占3-4分；在完形填空中也能占2-3分；我们复习时要特别注意这几种语法及其做题技巧，认真研究近几年的高考题。知识梳理一、条件状语从句【教材原句】 If you say the word “communication”, most people think of words and sentences. 如果你说单词“交流”，大部分人会想到单词和句式。 If our right hand is busy greeting someone, it cannot be holding a weapon. 如果我们的右手忙着问候别人，它就不可能握有武器。考点1引导条件状语从句的从属连词【用法】连接词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that, provided, suppose, supposing 等。【例句】 You can leave now if you like. 如果你愿意现在就可以走了。 As long as it doesn’t rain we can go.

只要不下雨，我们就可以去。 In case I forget, please remind me about it. 万一我忘记，请提醒我一下。 I will come on condition (that) she is invited too. 如果邀请她来, 那我就来。 He may go with us provided [providing] he arrives in time. 他若及时到达，就可以和我们一起走。【考题链接】 they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures. A. As B. While C. Until D. Once 答案：D 解题思路：句意：一旦他们决定去哪个大学，学生就应该搜索入学手续。once 一旦，根据句意选择D。考点2条件状语从句的时态【用法】当主句为将来时态或具有将来意义时，条件状语从句通常要用一般现在时表示将来意义，而不能直接使用将来时态。【例句】 Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired. 如果你不是太累的话，让我们出去散步。 I’ll stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 要是明天下雨，我就呆在家里。【考题链接】 We will be losing money this year unless that new economic plan of yours _______ well. A. is working B. works C. will be working D. worked 答案：B 解题思路：句意：如果你的那个新经济计划效果不好的话，我们今年会失去很多钱。在条件状语从句中，如果主句用一般将来时态，那么从句用一般现在时态表示将来意义。考点3if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种【用法】真实条件句表示现实情况中可能实现的情况。非真实条件句也叫虚拟条件句，表示与现实情况相反的假设情况。【例句】

语法讲解_现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成时的被动语态语法点拨概念引入 Over time I have been changed quite a lot Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations. 语法讲解【高清课堂B2U2语法：被动语态】 Ⅰ被动语态的概念 1. 英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 2. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者例如：Many people speak Chinese. 3. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着。例如：上句可变为 _Chinese is spoken by many people. 为什么要用被动语态？ a)当关注的是事情本身而不是动作的执行者，或者根本不知道动作的执行者时。如: The meeting was put off. My car has been moved. b)动作的执行者很明确时或强调承受者时。 The ceremony was reported in the news last night. If you break the school rules, you will be punished. c)当动作的执行者是“people”或“one” 时。 He is believed to have invented the computer. Advertisements are seen everywhere. d)修辞的需要，为了使句子更加简练、匀称 II. 被动语态的各种时态 1.一般现在时： 2. 一般过去时： 3. 一般将来时： 4. 现在进行时： 5. 过去进行时： 6. 现在完成时： 7. 过去完成时： 8. 过去将来时：边讲边练：翻译句子 1. 全世界越来越多的人讲汉语。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 2. 1949年中华人民共和国成立。 People’s Republic of China was founded in 1949. 3.明天将对这个问题进行讨论。