牛津译林版英语九上初中宾语从句专项语法讲解

初中英语宾语从句专项语法讲解

在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

1．语序

无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种：

1）连接词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有：who，what，which等。如：

Could you tell me who knows the answer，please？你能告诉我谁知道答案吗？

The small children don't know what is in their stockings．这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西？

2）连接词＋名词＋谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有：whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如：

He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他问我们班上谁的书法最好。

The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room．老师问我们房间里有多少人。

3）连接词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有：who （m），what，which，how many，how much，when，why，how，where，if ／whether（在句中不充当任何成分）等。如：

He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi．他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。

Could you tell me what I should do with the money ？你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗？

4）连接词＋名词＋主语＋谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有：what，which，how many，how much，how等。如：

Do you know which class he is in ？你知道他在哪个班吗？

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。

2．连接词

1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：

He said that he could finish his work before supper．他说他会在晚饭前完成工作。

2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：

I don't know if ／whether he still lives here after so many years．我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。

但在下列情况下只能用whether：

①在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与or not连用时，往往用whether （if…or not也可以使用）。如：

Let me know whether ／if he will come or not．（＝Let me know whether or not he will come）让我知道他是否能来。

I don't know whether ／if he does any washing or not．（＝I don't know whether or not he does any washing．）我不知道他洗不洗衣服。

I wonder whether we stay or whether we go．我不知道我们是去还是留。

②在介词之后用whether。如：

I'm interested in whether he likes English．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。

We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。

I worry about whether I hurt her feelings．我担心是否伤了她的感情。

③在不定式前用whether。如：

He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。

I don't know whether to go．我不知去否。

He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火

车去。

④whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如：

Whether this is true or not，I can't say．这是否真的我说不上来。

⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如：

Whether she will come or not is still a question．她是否能来还是个问题。

The question is whether we can catch the bus．问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。

⑥若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如：

Please let me know if you like the book．可理解为：

a．Please let me know whether you like the book．请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。

b．If you like the book，please let me know．你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。

3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如：

Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？你能告诉我今天早上你为什么开会迟到吗？

3．时态

含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：

1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：

I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来。

He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。

2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：

①The children didn't know who he was．孩子们不知道他是谁。

②He asked his father how it happened．他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。

3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如：

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老师说地球绕着太阳转。

4．注意：

if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：

—Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？

—Sorry，I don't know．When he comes back，I'll tell you．对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。

—I don't know if he will come．我不知道他是否会来。

—He will come if it doesn't rain．如果不下雨，他会来的。

简化宾语从句常用六法

同学们常会遇到把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句，使其与原句意思相同（或相近）的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法：

方法一：当主句谓语动词是hope，decide，wish，choose，agree，promise等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如：

Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. →Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.

We decided that we would help him. →We decided to help him.

方法二：当主句谓语动词是know，learn，remember，forget，tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：She has forgotten how she can open the window. →She has forgotten how to open the window.

注：当主句谓语动词是tell，ask，show，teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主

语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如：

Could you tell me how I can get to the station？→Could you tell me how to get to the station？

方法三：当主句的谓语动词是order（命令），require（需要）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为“名词（代词）+不定式”结构。例如：

The headmaster ordered tha t we should start at once. → The headmaster ordered us to start at once.

方法四：某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如：

He insisted that he should go with us. →He insisted on going with us.

The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. →The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his birth.

方法五：某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语）”结构。例如：

Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. → Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground.

方法六：动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如：

It seemed that the boys were going to win. →The boys seemed to win.

除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如：

I found that it was difficult to learn English well. →I found it difficult to learn English well.

Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. →Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow.

They found that the box was very heavy. →They found the box very heavy

初中英语宾语从句语法专项精选试题

习题(一)

1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.

A. took

B. take

C. takes

D. will take

2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.

A. has never gone

B. had never gone

C. has never been

D. had never been

3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.

A. had

B. has .

C. will have

D. are

4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.

A. could she

B. she could

C. she can

D. she may

5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.

A. travelled

B. has travelled

C. travells

D. had travelled

习题(二)

1 Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty

A. who

B. what

C. when

D. that

2 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.

A. what

B. if

C. when

D. where

3 I hardly understand. ___ he has told me.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. who

4 She didn't know___ back soon.

A. whether he would be

B. if would he be

C. he will be

5. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.

A. whether B where C. what D. when

6. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening

A. what B when C why D how

7. He asked me _____told me the accident.

A whom

B which

C who

D whose

习题(三)

1. They don't know their parents are.

A that

B what

C why

D which

2. Please tell me ______what last year.

A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked

3. She asked me if I knew ______.

A. whose pen is it

B. whose pen it was

C. whose pen it is

D. whose pen was it

4. You must remember ________.

A. what your mother said

B. what did your mother say

C. your mother said what

D. what has your mother said

5 Did you know ____

A. who he was looking after

B. who was he looking for

C. who he is looking for

D. who he is looking after

6 Could you tell me ___

A. when will they leave Beijing

B. when would they leave Beijing

C. when they will leave Beijing

D. when did they leave Beijing

习题(四)

1. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book. (北京市东城区)

A. that

B. how

C. what

D. if

2. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us.

—He will help us with our English. (杭州市)

A. why

B. when

C. how

D. where

3. —We never know _____ the old m an is.

—They say he is a teacher. (鄂州市)

A. what

B. who

C. which

D. where

4. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers. (重庆市)

A. that how

B. how that

C. when that

D. that when

5. —Do you know _____ I'm going to see him.

—Sorry, I don't know. (北京市海淀区)

A. where does Mr. Li live

B. where did Mr. Li live

C. where Mr. Li lives

D. where Mr. Li lived

6. —W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer

—Sorry, I have no idea. (南京市)

A. /; bought

B. has; bought

C. did; buy

D. does; buy

7. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning. (重庆市)

A. what the matter is

B. what is wrong

C. what the matter was

D. what wrong was

8. —Where is Jack

—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ . (南昌市)

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. there

一，答案:1-5 A D C B C

二，答案:1-7 C B B A A A C

三，答案:1-6 B D B A A C

四，答案:1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总(重点笔记)知识讲解

初中英语语法——三大从句汇总 在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即 状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。以 下是一些基本的从句的语法知识点 A、定语从句专项讲解与训练 一、定语从句概念 定语从句（attributive clause），顾名思义，就是一个句子作定语从属于主句。定语一般是由形容词充当，所以定语从句又称作形容词从句。另外，定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的，故又称作关系从句。 定语从句一般放在它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这种名词或代词被称作先行词。请看示例： The woman who lives next door is a teacher. 先行词定语从句 在所有的从句中，算定语从句最难掌握，因为汉语里没有定语从句，汉语里只有定语，而且总是放在名词之前来修饰名词。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示： 先行词主格宾格所有格 人 who whom whose 物 which which whose of which 人、物 that that — （一）关系代词who, whom和 whose的用法 who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。例如： An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。

I will never forget the teacher who taught us chemistry in the first year of my senior middle school.我将永远不会忘记在高一时教我们化学的那位老师。 Anyone who wants to apply for this job must send us the resume by email first. 想应聘这个职位的任何人都必须先通过电子邮件向我们发送简历。whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。例如：Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？ This is the student whom my father taught ten years ago.这是我爸爸十年前教的学生。 The girl who I saw is called Mary. 我见到的那个女孩名叫玛丽。（在非正式英语中，主格who代替了宾格whom，亦可省略） whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。例如：The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。 Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。） （二）关系代词which的用法 which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： I do not like stories which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。（which可以换成that） Tom works for a factory which makes watches. 汤姆在一个制表厂工作。（which可以换成that） （三）关系代词that的用法 that既可指人又可指物，在当代英语中大多指物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。例如： Is she the girl that sells newspapers? 她是卖报纸的那个女孩吗？（that可以换成who） Where is the ice-cream that was in the fridge?

初中宾语从句讲解及专项练习

初中英语宾语从句讲解 一、宾语从句的概念 宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。 eg. We know Mr. Green teaches English. She asked if these answers were right. 二、宾语从句三要素 引导词（连接词） 语序 时态 三、重难点掌握 （一）引导词 1．由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略2。由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句（重点掌握） 由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句 if/ whether “是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 等后。 1. I want to know whether/if he is right. 2. I Ask him whether/if he likes me_. 3. I wonder _whether/if we can get there. 4. Could you tell me whether/if that film is interesting ? ◆只能用whether不能用if的情况 1.在介词后面： I’m thinking of whether we should go fishing. We are worried about whether it will rain tomorrow. 2.在动词不定式前： They asked me whether to go skating. 3.当与or not连用，或提出两种选择时: I don’t know whether he’s free or not. Mary asked whether I was doing my homework or not. Tell me whether you’d like to go shopping or tidy the room. 4.宾语从句提前时： Whether this is true or not, I can’t say.

(完整版)初中英语宾语从句专项练习(完整版)

宾语从句基本讲解与练习 宾语从句小口诀 宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词； 主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制； 主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时； if/whether,引，一般疑问句陈述句转that 特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。 一、概念宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。在句子中起到二、连接词 在从句中不。that在非正式场合that可以省略)1. 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that ( 充当任何成分，也没有实在意思，只起到连接作用。没有人告诉杰克第二天有班No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeting the next day. 会。Little Tom was afraid (that) he couldn't pass the exam. 小汤姆担心这次考试不及格。say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe, 从句做宾语的动词有：that1】可跟【拓展等。agree, explain, feel, suggest, hear, mean, notice等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定expect think, believe, suppose, 【拓展2】当主句谓语动词是

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