人教版高中必修五unit1练习题

Book V

Unit 1 Great scientists

第一部分单元知识掌握目标

I. 重点词汇

1._____________v.断定，得出结论；结束（正式）

2._____________vt。打败（敌人、对手）n.失败

3._____________vt.出席，参加，照顾，护理，注意vi专心，留意

4._____________vt. 使暴露，受到，使曝光v.揭露

5._____________n.治愈、疗法vt.治愈、治疗

6._____________n.挑战vt.向……挑战

7._____________vt.怀疑是n.嫌疑犯

8.____________ vt.污染

9._____________n.把手vt.处理、操纵

10._____________vt.宣布；通告

11._____________vt.吸收；使（精神）贯注；吞并

12._____________n.过失，责备vt.责备，谴责

13._____________vt.教，教导，命令，指示，通知

14._____________vi. & vt.捐助，捐献，贡献；投稿

15._____________vt.拒绝（建议、要求）；不接受

II. 重点短语

1._____________提出；提议以供参考

2._____________得出结论

3._____________除……之外没有/还有

4._____________暴露在……下

5._____________将……和……联系或链接起来

6._____________对……严格的

7._____________有意义、讲得通、有道理

III重点句式

1.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.

2.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water

supplies be examined.

3.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.

4.So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was

complete.

5.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it….

重点语法

1.动词-ed的形式做表语或定语。动词的-ed形式分为两类：动词类和形容词类。动词-ed

形式做定语有的置于被修饰词的前面，有的置于被修饰词的后面。

第二部分综合强化练习

I.单词拼写

1.Diligence and perseverance are _____________（特征）of most successful people.

2.We can safely draw a _____________（结论）that world’s economic crisis will go on for a

while.

3._____________（分析）what you have and then make a plan.

4.The General was_____________（照顾）by several expert doctors and recovered.

5.Parents should_____________（让……接触）their children to good books and ideas.

6.No_____________（受害者）was found in this accident.

7.I was so_____________（吸引）in the book that I would not put it down.

8.As soon as an outbreak hit London, John Snow would be ready to begin his_____________

（询问）.

9.The US is now facing_____________（严重的）economic problems.

10.Disasters cannot be_____________（预见）and we should get prepared at any moment..

11.Love can_____________（联系）parents and their children.

12.The government has_____________（宣布）plans to create 10,000new jobs.

13.He told us with_____________（确定）that everyone may have good luck in life.

14.Teachers should_____________（指导）children how to make a practical plan for their studies.

15.A new school library is now under_____________（建筑）and it’ll be completed next

September.

II. 根据各句上下文意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处（注意所给单词和短语有多余，所填短语的形式变化）

第一组movement, construction, theory, cure, absorb, engine, positive, contribute, characteristic control

1.The new tunnel hasn’t been finished; it is still under_____________.

2.It is kind of new medicine can _____________people of heart disease.

3._____________are to machines what hearts are to animal

4.As we know, exercise_____________ to better health.

5.The hotel fire was completely under_____________ the moment the firemen arrived.

6.The need to communicate is a key_____________ human society.

7.I am a witness. I am _____________about what time it happened.

8.He seemed totally _____________ in that book. When I came in he didn’t notice me at all.

9.According to the_____________ of relativity, nothing travels faster than light.

10.Wearing loose clothing gives you greater freedom of_____________.

第二组handle, serve, enthusiastic, scientific, analyse, complete, blame, valuable, spin, conclude

11. She is a_____________ woman who never smiles.

12.They didn’t draw a conclusion until carrying out lots of _____________experiments.

13.It came as a _____________ surprise to me. I never thought of that.

14.This kind of gold watch is really _____________. It costs a lot of money to buy one.

15.He _____________ his speech by wishing everyone a safe trip home.

16.Suddenly the phone was _____________out of control.

17.Who is to_____________ for this road accident?

18.It took us a long time to_____________ what went wrong. And eventually we knew the

problem.

19.She was even less _____________about going to Japan.

20.She turned the_____________ and opened the door.

第三组cautious, repeat, reject, pump, virus, announce, expose, defeat, instruct, radium

21.I _____________three times but he still couldn’t remember it.

22.This engine is used for _____________water out of the mine.

23.The government _____________yesterday to the media plans to create a million new jobs.

24.This is the first time that our team has been_____________ at a basketball match.

25.Madame Curie is always remembered by people as the discoverer of_____________.

26.You will be _____________where to go as soon as the car is ready.

27.Don’t_____________ yourself to strong sunlight; it will harm your skin.

28.He was seriously ill because of a_____________ infection..

29.This proposal was firmly_____________ at the meeting.

30.He is very _____________about committing （承诺）himself to anything.

第四组：把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）

Put forward, draw a conclusion, in addition, link…to…, apart from, be strict with, lead to, make sense, point of view, apart from

31.You must organize your composition well. _____________, you should pay attention to your

handwriting.

32.What he thought and said didn’t_____________.

33.It was because of his carelessness that _____________his failure.

34.My boss_____________ me in my new work.

35.He was brave enough to_____________ objections at the meeting.

36.Peter, what’s your _____________on that matter?

37._____________Changjiang and Huanghe there are many other rivers in china.

38.After reading the article once again he _____________.

39.You may your mobile phone_____________ a computer.

40.Army is happy_____________ the fact that she can’t go home every week.

III句子翻译

1. _____________________（除了）going to the park, I limit my activities to my neighborhood.

2. It is difficult to ________________________________（得出结论）without ample evidence.

3. These scientific enquiries will______________________（有助于）the success of our project.

4. He often ________（提出）unusual plans. So, _____（慎重）them before you decided to join in.

5. Who was the first person__________（反对）the idea that earth was the centre of the universe?.

6. Although his writing doesn’t ____________（有意思）, Fred is__________（确信）that his composition will score a high mark.

7. ________________________________（每次我打开书）, I can’t help reading it for hours.

8. ___________（为了阻止交通事故再次发生）, the local government has taken strict measures.

9. Only when you lose it_________________________（你才能意识到）how valuable time is.

10. Nobody________________________________（应受责备）for this unavoidable mistake. IV语法和词汇

A组

1.Do you know who ___________the Pythagorean theorem?

A. put aside

B. put off

C. put away

D. put forward

2.Working abroad ___________his weak points.

A. exposes

B. lets out

C. gives out

D. suggests

3.Unemployment is a hard problem to ___________.

A. heal

B. cure

C. treat

D. recover

4.Hall was ___________of stealing his neighbor’s new SUV car.

A. charged

B. cured

C. doubted

D. suspected

5.The _____________he pipe leaked, I’m afraid Rosa ___________ for it.

A. should blame

B. is blamed

C. is to be blamed

D. is to blame

6.The terrible weather ___________the delay of the project.

A. contributes to

B. leads to

C. brings up

D. adjusts to

7.I can’t put up with my parents, for they are very strict ______ me _____ everything.

A. with; in

B. with; for

C. in; with

D. in; for

8.Only when you reread the poem___________ make good sense of it.

A. do you

B. you

C. can you

D. you can

9.I don’t think it___________ to work without certain aims of life.

A. make a difference

B. makes good sense

C. makes trouble

D. make profits

10.The changes Copernicus made __________ the old theory were revolutionary

A. for

B. to

C. at

D. into

11. Please don’t ___________yourself to viruses without any protection.

A. show

B. extend

C. exhibit

D. expose

12. The storm struck the whole city,___________ many deaths.

A. to cause

B. having caused

C. causing

D. caused

13.The project___________ by the end of next month.

A. is completed

B. is to complete

C. is to be completed

D. will complete

14.We had a pleasant time on the sea shore,__________ the unexpected terrible weather.

A. except

B. apart from

C. in addition to

D. without

15.Children___________ to good books are good at thinking.

A. exposing

B. exposed

C. to expose

D. to be exposed

16.SARS is an epidemic disease. It is hard for ___________ people to breathe.

A. affecting

B. affected

C. effective

D. affective

17.A ___________is way of performing his plan.

A. determining

B. determined

C. convincing

D. convinced

18.The police were searching for the person ___________of having stolen the Camry car.

A. suspect

B. suspecting

C. to be suspected

D. suspected

19.Sorry, my computer is out of order. I’ll have to it ___________ .

A. to repair

B. repairing

C. to be repaired

D. repaired

20.The policy ___________ to be adopted turned out to be set aside.

A. being expected

B. to be expected

C. expecting

D. expected

完型填空

When we study the great __1__of the world, we find that they are either very __2__. Basic things like the wheel or very complex things like the computer. Some inventions were silly, some deadly serious, __3__ even the inventions that were not __4__ were not all failure either. Each invention shed some light on the good __5__ of the inventor and their quest to improve the quality of life. Here are some invention facts and myths __6__ to amaze, inspire and amuse you.

Did you every wonder why the item __7__ at stores always seem to end in 99, instead of __8__ dollar amounts. Well see if you can guess __9__ this newspaper publisher thought it was a great idea. Why did it get __10__?

Melville Stone was a self-made man, who worked his __11__ up from newspaper carrier to publisher of the Chicago Daily News. __12__ Stone first started his newspaper in 1875, the price

was a __13__. Circulation rose __14__ at first, then leveled off. Then sales started lagging. When Stone investigated why __15__ people were buying his paper, he discovered the problem had nothing to do with its __16__. Pennies were in short supply. Stone decided he had to do something.

First he traveled to the United States mint in Philadelphia and brought about the transfer of barrels of pennies to Chicago. The problem then became __17__to get the pennies into circulation. So Stone __18__Chicago merchants to sponsor “odd-price sales,”during which they would sell their merchandise for a penny__19__ the regular prices. The odd price did the __20__. People had pennies again, and Stone’s flourished. And that is why store items today costs “$8.99,” or $12.99, instead of even dollar amount.

1. A. history B. discoveries C. facts D. inventions

2. A. easy B. simple C. important D. valuable

3. A. but B. so C. then D. therefore

4. A. important B. silly C. successful D. reasonable

5. A. intentions B. benefit C. impression D. dreams

6. A. hoped B. meant C. designed D. had

7. A. prices B. goods C. work D. product

8. A. still B. even C. some D. any

9. A. how B. if C. why D. when

10.A. worked B. started C. run D. begun

11.A. way B. method C. power D. strength

12.A. when B. because C. during D. though

13.A. coin B penny C. success D. failure

14.A. slowly B. evenly C. safely D. rapidly

15.A. many B. more C. few D a few

16.A. price B. value C. quality D. quantity

17.A. when B. where C. why D. how

18.A. helped B. persuade C. advised D. meant

19.A. under B. above C. around D. at

20.A. joke B. trick C. work D. effect

阅读理解

Batteries can power anything from small sensors to large systems. While scientists are finding the ways to make them smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves. University of Missouri(MU) researchers are developing a nuclear energy source that is smaller, lighter and more efficient.

“To provide enough power, we need certain methods with energy density（密度）,” said Jae Known, assistant professor of electrical and computer engineering at MU. “The radioisotope （放射性同位素）battery can provide power density that is much higher than chemical batteries.”

Known and his research team have been working on building a small nuclear battery, recently the size and thickness of a penny, intended to power various micro/nanoelectromechanical systems(M/NEWS). Although nuclear batteries can cause concerns, Kwon said they are safe.

“People hear the word ‘nuclear’ and think of something very dangerous,” he said. “ however, nuclear power sources have already been safely powering a variety of devices, such as pace-makers, space satellites and underwater systems.”

His new idea is not only in the battery’s size, but also in its semiconductor（半导体）. Kwon’s battery uses a liquid semiconductor rather than a solid semiconductor.

“The key part of using a radioactive battery is that when you harvest the energy, part of the radiation energy can damage the lattice structure（晶体结构）of the solid semiconductor,” Kwon said. “by using a liquid semiconductor, we believe we can minimize that problem.”

Together with J. David Robertson, chemistry professor and associate director of the MU Research Reactor, Kwon is working to build and test the battery. In the future, they hope to increase the battery’s power, shrink its size and try with various other materials. Kwon said that the battery could be thinner than the thickness of human hair.

1.Which of the following is true of Jae Kwon?

A.He teaches chemical battery.

B.He developed a chemical energy source.

C.He is working on a nuclear energy source

D.He made a breakthrough in computer engineering.

2.Jae Kwon gave example in Paragraph 4___________.

A.To show chemical batteries are widely applied

B.To indicate nuclear batteries can be safely used

C.To describe a nuclear-power system

D.To introduce various energy sources

3.Liquid semiconductor is used to

A.Get rid of the radioactive waste.

B.Test the power of nuclear batteries.

C.Decrease the size of nuclear batteries.

D.Reduce the damage to lattice structure

4.According to Jae Kwon, his nuclear battery___________.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/226199650.html,es a solid semiconductor.

B.Will soon replace the present ones.

C.Could be extremely thin.

D.Has passed the final test

5.The text is most probably a ___________before appearing in daily ext life.

A. science news report

B. book review

C. newspaper

D. science fiction story

B

An increase in students applying to study economics at university is being attributed to the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the financial system works.

Application for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January, according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A spokesman for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.

Professor John Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University, said his first-year lectures-which are open to students from all departments-were drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.

“There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hasn’t traditionally done.” He said.

University applications rose 7% last year, but there were rise above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15 %jump, with people’s renewed interest in careers in the public sector, which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.

A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.

Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “it’s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that’s financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty.”

6.Professor John Beath’s lectures are___.

A.Given in a traditional way

B.Connected with the present situation

C.Open to both students and their parents

D.Warmly received by economics

7.Careers in the public sector are more attractive because of their___.

A.greater stability

B. Higher pay

C. Fewer application

D. etter reputation

8.In the opinion of most parents, ___.

A.economics should be the focus of school teaching

B.more students should be admitted to universities

C.the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened

D.children should solve financial problems themselves

9.According to hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngsters___.

A.wiser in money management

B.have access to better equipment

C.confident about their future careers

D.get jobs in Child Trust Funds

10.What’s the main idea of the text?

A.universities have received more applications

B.economics is attracting an increasing numbers students

C.college students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty

D.parents are concerned with children’s subject selection

VII阅读表达

[1] The word addiction usually makes you think of alcohol or drugs, but in modern-day society we are seeing some new kinds of additions. Some people are compulsive（难以自制的）shoppers. Others find it impossible to pull themselves away from their work. Still others spend countless hours watching TV or playing computer games.

[2] Over the years, shopping has become a very common activity. Many people enjoy going to mall or stores more everyday, but it’s more than a common hobby for some of them. They have turned into shopabolics. They are people who simply enjoy shopping and walking around spending money without being able to stop doing it. They are hooked on shopping and usually buy things that they don’t need. Even though they don’t have enough money, they buy everything they want.

[3] The question is: why do they have this addiction? There isn’t a specific answer. Some

people go shopping when they are sad, worried, upset or lonely and they want to feel better. They use this activity as a way to forget their problems. Shopahlics say that they feel more import and better after they buy something. They also tend to have this addition when they feel guilty.

[4] Shopaholism seems to be a harmless addition, but it can_________. Some of them can be psychological. If this is the case, people addicted to shopping should go to a support group to help them break this habit. However, the process, like for most addictions, is long, and they suffer a lot. It can also cause financial problems. They just think about satisfying their feelings, so they spend money they don’t have. They get deep in debt, and they can even go bankrupt and get sent to prison.

1.List three activities that develop into addictions based on the text(Please answer within 8

words).

①_____________________________________________________.

②_____________________________________________________.

③_____________________________________________________.

2.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3(Please answer within 8 words)?

_________________________________________.

3. Fill in the blank in paragraph 4 with proper words.( Please answer within 6 words)

___________________________________________________________.

4.Which sentence in the text is the closest in meaning to the following one?

Accordingly, these shopoholics should turn to a certain organization for help so that they can stop compulsive shopping.

_________________________________________________________________.

_________________________________________________________________.

5.Translate the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 into Chinese.

_________________________________________________________________.

写作

下周三学校举行“我与科学”主题演讲比赛，为此你准备一篇120词左右的演讲稿，主要包括如下要点：

1.自己喜爱的科学家

2.该科学家的简单生平

3.该科学家的突出贡献

4.你喜欢他/她的主要原因

人教版高中英语必修五电子课本

按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放 必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly dise ase of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousand s of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted t o face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never b e controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera ki lled people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person die d. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed eviden ce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enqu iry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the d eaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 a nd 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. H e immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle f rom the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed d own. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deat hs that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away f rom Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it deliver ed to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drin king the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with ce rtainty that polluted water carried the virus.

人教版高中英语必修一短语归纳(全)

Unit 1 Friendship 1. 合计_____________________________________; 3. 不得不；必须______________________________; 5. 遛狗_____________________________________; 7. 记下；放下________________________________; 9. 故意_____________________________________; 11. 在黄昏时刻______________________________; 13. 不再…___________________________________; 15. 从…中恢复过来___________________________; 17. 将…装箱打包_____________________________; 19. 相爱；爱上_______________________________; 21. 参加；加入_______________________________; 23. 松开了__________________________________; 25. 付钱；付款；买单__________________________; 27. 对(某人)重要_____________________________; 29. 笑话；取笑（某人）_________________________; 31. 在日记中________________________________; 33. 对…着迷；迷恋____________________________; 35. 深蓝色的天空____________________________; 37. 太多____________________________________; 39. 在楼上__________________________________; 41. 肮脏的窗帘______________________________; 43. 记日记；写日记___________________________; 45. 绑起来__________________________________; 47. 在公路上________________________________; 49. 说…的闲话；______________________________; 51. 与…交朋友_______________________________; 53. 给…一些建议_____________________________; 55. 过去的事件______________________________; 57. 试一试；尝试一下_________________________; 59. settle____________________________________; 2. 使…镇静下来______________________________; 4. 关心；挂念________________________________; 6. 经历；经受________________________________; 8. 一连串的；一系列的_______________________; 10. 为了____________________________________; 12. 面对面地________________________________; 14. 遭受…___________________________________; 16. 对…厌烦_________________________________; 18. 与…相处；进展____________________________; 20. 对（某人）表示感激________________________; 22. 度假____________________________________; 24. 被车撞了________________________________; 26. 考试作弊________________________________; 28. 最深的感受______________________________; 30. 在二战中________________________________; 32. 在藏身之处______________________________; 34. 与自然有关______________________________; 36. 保持醒着________________________________; 38. 碰巧____________________________________; 40. 下楼____________________________________; 42. 积满灰尘的窗子__________________________; 44. 列一个单，列出___________________________; 46. 没注意到________________________________; 48. 与…有麻烦；有矛盾________________________; 50. 与人交流________________________________; 52. 改变这种状况____________________________; 54. 喜欢与不喜欢的事情______________________; 56. 表达你的感受与想法______________________; 58. concern__________________________________; 60. tip______________________________________;

高中英语必修五课文及翻译

高中英语必修五课文及翻 译 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020

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