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现象解释型文章pdf

现象解释型文章

Howard.Yang

文章结构i

′首句：现象.

′eg:1.A mysterious phenomenon…..;In the 1920s,

′ 2.Gerstmann described a set of problems found in people who have suffered damage to the brains left parietal lobe, problems that contain being unable to comprehend arithmetic and having difficulty recognizing one‘s fingers.

′ 3.During the Pleistocene epoch, several species of elephants isolated on islands underwent fast dwarfing. This phenomenon was not necessarily limited to the Pleistocene, but may have occurred much earlier in the Southeastern Asian islands, though evidence is incomplete.

文章结构ii

′解释（通常来说不只有一个解释---不止一个解释在文中的写法通常用名词复数来体现）；不同的解释之间的关系通常来说，要么是补充说明；要么是后面反驳前面；′Eg:1.A few explanations are feasible for this dwarfing.

′Sagan and Mullen proposed in the 1970s that ammonia, a greenhouse gas, warmed early Earth’s atmosphere, but succeeding research showed that the Suns ultraviolet rays quickly destroy ammonia in an oxygen-free

environment, such as that of early Earth. Many scientists now attribute much of the warming of early Earth to oxygen-intolerant microbes methanogens that produce the greenhouse gas methane.The methanogen hypothesis could help to explain the first global ice age: 2.3 billion years ago, Earth's atmosphere began to fill with oxygen produced by other microbes cyano bacteria causing methanogens to decline rapidly.

In the 1920s, Gerstmann described a set of problems found in people who have suffered damage to the brains left parietal lobe, problems that contain being unable to comprehend arithmetic and having difficulty recognizing one's fingers. There is still no consensus on whether the symptoms Gerstmann noticed constitute a syndrome, but the parts of the brain used for storing facts about numbers and for representing the fingers are close to each other. Mental representations of numbers and of fingers may hence be functionally connected. A 2005 experiment had people perform some tasks requiring dexterity and others including matching pairs of numbers, while an area of their parietal lobes the left angular gyrus was stimulated by a magnetic field. Facility at both sets of tasks was jeopardized.′首句讲了哪些东西？

′第二句表达了什么含义，这里的转折句到底强调了什么？

′后面的两句话跟前面的话之间关联如何？

′ A. a flaw in the experiment conducted in 2005

′ B. a means by which dexterity might compensate for a loss of arithmetic ability ′ C. an explanation for some of Gerstmanns’observations

′ D. an anomaly in some of Gerstmanns’ results

′ E. a reason to doubt damage to the left parietal lobe as a causal factor in certain

symptoms

order to

′ A. establish the proximity between the part of the brain used for storing numerical

information and the part used for representing the fingers

′ B. illustrate the implications that Gerstmanns work may have for experimental research

′ C. cast doubt on the idea that damage to the left parietal lobe causes the set of problems

that Gerstmann described

′ D. support a hypothesis about a significant association between parts of the brain related to fingers and to numbers

′ E. suggest that the problems Gerstmann noted in relation to numbers and fingers have a

different cause than the other problems

associated with parietal lobe damage.

′本文出题的点有哪些？

′站在出题人的角度，你觉得文章哪些地方还可以出题？

′During the Pleistocene epoch, several species of elephants isolated on islands underwent fast

dwarfing. This phenomenon was not necessarily limited to the Pleistocene, but may have occurred much earlier in the Southeastern Asian islands,

though evidence is incomplete. A few

explanations are feasible for this dwarfing. For

instance, islands often have not been colonized by large predators or are too small to hold feasible

predator populations. Once rid of predation

pressure, large body size is of little advantage to herbivores. Moreover, island habitats have

limited food resources, a smaller body size and a need for fewer resources would thus be favored.

Interestingly, the island rule is overturned for

small mammals, such as rodents, for which

gigantism is favored under insular conditions.′ 1. The primary purpose of the passage is to ′ A. question the plausibility of one

explanation sometimes offered for the

dwarfing of certain species living on

islands

′ B. argue that dwarfing of certain species living on islands occurred prior to the

Pleistocene

′ C. cite evidence suggesting that dwarfing may have adverse consequences for some

species living on islands

′ D. present some possible explanations for the dwarfing of certain species living on

islands

′ E. contrast the effects of insular conditions on species with large body size and species with small body

′During the Pleistocene epoch, several species of elephants isolated on islands underwent fast

dwarfing. This phenomenon was not necessarily limited to the Pleistocene, but may have occurred much earlier in the Southeastern Asian islands,

though evidence is incomplete. A few

explanations are feasible for this dwarfing. For

instance, islands often have not been colonized by large predators or are too small to hold feasible

predator populations. Once rid of predation

pressure, large body size is of little advantage to herbivores. Moreover, island habitats have

limited food resources, a smaller body size and a need for fewer resources would thus be favored.

Interestingly, the island rule is overturned for

small mammals, such as rodents, for which

gigantism is favored under insular conditions.′ 2. According to the passage, which of the following statements about body size in

mammals is true?

′ A. A large body is unfavorable to

mammalian species survival under most

condition.

′ B. A large body tends to benefit small mammals living on islands.

′ C. For most herbivorous mammals, a large body size is easier to sustain in the absence of large predators.

′ D. Under most conditions, a small body is less beneficial to herbivorous mammals

than to nonherbivorous mammals.

′ E. Among nonherbivorous mammals, a small body is more beneficial on an island than on a mainland.

burned only 70 percent as brightly as it does today. Yet geologic record contains no proof for widespread glaciations until 2.3 billion years ago. Sagan and Mullen proposed in the 1970s that ammonia, a greenhouse gas, warmed early Earth’s atmosphere, but succeeding research showed that the Suns ultraviolet rays quickly destroy ammonia in an oxygen-free environment, such as that of early Earth. Many scientists now attribute much of the warming of early Earth to oxygen-intolerant microbes methanogens that produce the greenhouse gas methane. The methanogen hypothesis could help to explain the first global ice age: 2.3 billion years ago, Earth's atmosphere began to fill with oxygen produced by other microbes cyano bacteria causing methanogens to decline rapidly.

the function of the highlighted sentence?

′ A. It refutes the possibility of a connection between two events previously believed to

be related.

′ B. It describes how a hypothesis might account for the timing of a phenomenon

discussed earlier in the passage

′ C. It presents evidence that casts doubt on a statement made in the first sentence of the

passage

′ D. It clarifies a distinction between two related hypotheses

′ E. It introduces findings that challenge a dominant explanation for a particular

phenomenon.

from the passage about methanogens?

′ A. Methanogens must have appeared on Earth later than 2.3 billion years ago.

′ B. Methanogens must have been much more prevalent in some regions of the early Earth than in others.

′ C. Methanogens produce a greenhouse gas that is more susceptible to destruction by

the Suns ultraviolent rays than is ammonia.′ D. Methanogens could not have thrived in early Earth’s atmosphere without the

presence of ammonia.

′ E. Methanogens would have had a less significant effect on early Earth’s

atmosphere if they had evolved after the

appearance of cyanobacteria.

宏观题答案特征

′ 1. The author of the passage would most likely agree that the highlighted statement suggests ______.

′ A. a flaw in the experiment conducted in 2005

′ B. a means by which dexterity might compensate for a loss of arithmetic ability

′ C. an explanation for some of Gerstmanns observations

′ D. an anomaly in some of Gerstmanns results

′ E. a reason to doubt damage to the left parietal lobe as a causal factor in certain symptoms

宏观题答案特征

′ 1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

′ A. question the plausibility of one explanation sometimes offered for the dwarfing of certain species living on islands

′ B. argue that dwarfing of certain species living on islands occurred prior to the Pleistocene

′ C. cite evidence suggesting that dwarfing may have adverse consequences for some species living on islands

′ D. present some possible explanations for the dwarfing of certain species living on islands

′ E. contrast the effects of insular conditions on species with large body size and species with small body

宏观题答案特征

′24.Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage as a whole?

′(A) A phenomenon is described and an interpretation presented and rejected.

′(B) A generalization is made and supporting evidence is supplied and weighed.

′(C) A contradiction is noted and a resolution is suggested and then modified.

′(D) A series of observations is presented and explained in terms of the dominant theory.

′(E) A hypothesis is introduced and corroborated in the light of new evidence.

现象解释型模板例文

现象解释型模板一套用： According to the chart , it is clear that student use of computers has grown rapidly in recent years. As is demonstrated in the chart, from 1990 to 1995, the average hours that students spent in computers each week were doubled, while in 2000, the number grew to 20 hours, which is five times as large as that of 1995. Many reasons contribute to this tremendous growth. First of all,the low price of computer allows many students to have one in their dormitories. So the students can often use their computers to do the assignments, play games and chat with their friends. What is more, many net bars provide students with convenient access to computers. In addition, Internet provides people an amazing world to explore, resulting in more student use of computers. Hence computers have an

大学英语四级写作现象解释型作文模板

最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/252256686.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址）现象解释型作文模板： Recently, ＿＿＿＿What amazes us most is＿＿＿＿＿．It is true that ＿＿＿＿＿.There are many reasons explaining ＿＿＿＿＿＿．The main reason is＿＿＿＿＿，What is more, ＿＿＿＿＿，Thirdly, ＿＿＿＿＿．As a result, ＿＿＿＿＿． Considering all these, ＿＿＿＿＿．For one thing, ＿＿＿＿For another, ＿＿＿＿．In conclusion, ＿＿＿＿． As is shown above, the bar chart clearly demonstrates the relationship between the education level and earning in 2010. It is obvious that well-educated persons such as owning Doctoral degree and Master's degree have a high salary than those who have relatively low degree. Isolated as the figure seems to be, as a matter of fact, we can observe that the higher level of education you receive, the higher income you get. People’s opinions about investment in education differ from person to person. Some people say that knowledge could no longer change destiny. To them, it is not only a waste of money, but also a waste of time. Others deem that education is worthy of investment. As for me it is no doubt that education offers favorable working opportunity and handsome income, which enable us to buy what we want ,please what we love, and fulfill what we dream, and correspondingly we are able to build an ideal paradise where life can be enjoyed to the uttermost. In conclusion, we should realize significance of education, which plays a crucial role in personal growth of career. In addition, it is convinced that education is the prospect of a nation. 四级作文范文：Education Pays From the chart above, we can definitely get a conclusion that the more you learned, the higher your salary would be. The figures in the chart denied the claim that knowledge is useless. However quite a few people still hold the opinion that a higher education does no good to a better job since that there are many university students who can not get an ideal job.

现象解释型文章pdf

现象解释型文章 Howard.Yang

文章结构i ′首句：现象. ′eg:1.A mysterious phenomenon…..;In the 1920s, ′ 2.Gerstmann described a set of problems found in people who have suffered damage to the brains left parietal lobe, problems that contain being unable to comprehend arithmetic and having difficulty recognizing one‘s fingers. ′ 3.During the Pleistocene epoch, several species of elephants isolated on islands underwent fast dwarfing. This phenomenon was not necessarily limited to the Pleistocene, but may have occurred much earlier in the Southeastern Asian islands, though evidence is incomplete.

文章结构ii ′解释（通常来说不只有一个解释---不止一个解释在文中的写法通常用名词复数来体现）；不同的解释之间的关系通常来说，要么是补充说明；要么是后面反驳前面；′Eg:1.A few explanations are feasible for this dwarfing. ′Sagan and Mullen proposed in the 1970s that ammonia, a greenhouse gas, warmed early Earth’s atmosphere, but succeeding research showed that the Suns ultraviolet rays quickly destroy ammonia in an oxygen-free environment, such as that of early Earth. Many scientists now attribute much of the warming of early Earth to oxygen-intolerant microbes methanogens that produce the greenhouse gas methane.The methanogen hypothesis could help to explain the first global ice age: 2.3 billion years ago, Earth's atmosphere began to fill with oxygen produced by other microbes cyano bacteria causing methanogens to decline rapidly.

大学英语作文——现象解释型作文模板

现象解释型作文模板 1．现象解释型模板一

2．现象解释型模板二 We have witnessed that college students vary in reading preference. According to the table of the percentage of book circulation in an American university library, the circulation of popular fictions and general nonfictions accounts for 65.9% and 18.2% respectively. And the table shows that the circulation of science/technology/education books and art/ literature/poetry books is 10.8%and 5.1% respectively. Many reasons contribute to this phenomenon. To begin with, popular fictions usually possess more appealing plot than the other types of books do, so many readers are attracted by popular fictions. Moreover, popular fictions and general nonfictions are easier to be understood. In addition, science and art books demand certain knowledge in special field of study.As a result, more students tend to choose popular fictions and general nonfictions. As to me, I’m in favor of books of science and technology. First of all, in order to deepen what I’m lea rning, I need read more books relevant to my major and observe the new development in science and technology circles. Besides, there books can also broaden my vision. To conclude, college students should choose books according to their interests and needs. Drunk Driving

作文范文之现象解释型英语作文模板

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大学英语六级作文万能模板：现象解释型

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10. On the one hand—— 11. On the other hand,—— 12. In brief,—— 9. 空格一填作者要讨论的现象，空格二填作者的看法。 10. 支持看法的理由一或说明看法的第一个方面。 11. 理由二或第二个方面。 12. 总结。 2. 现象解释型模板二 1. We have witnessed —— 2. According to ——，—— 3. And —— 4. Many reasons contribute to—— 1. 空格内填最近出现的总体现象。 2. 空格一根据题目填thechart,thereport等，空格二内填现象的具体表现一。 3. 现象的具体表现二 4. 过度句，填现象或现象带来的后果，为下文分析产生的原因做铺垫。 5. Tobegin with ,——. 6. Moreover,—— 7. Inaddition ,—— 8. As aresult ,——

英语四级作文的几类题型

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现象解释型作文模板

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1.各大学开设了各种各样的选修课 2.学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课 3.以你自己为例…… Nowadays, a growing number of electives are offered in all sorts of universities. According to a recent survey in China Daily, students can choose their favorite courses from a total number of 20,000 electives in Chinese universities. The topics include everything, from literature to engineering, from sociology to chemistry. When asked why they choose the electives, different students provide different answers. Some of them choose the electives which are easier to study; therefore, the students will be able to win the credit with little effort. Other students maintain that they choose the electives that interest them the most. Still others choose the “practical” courses because they believe these program s will help them hunt for a better job when they graduate. As to me, I choose two electives, English for Academic Purposes (EAP) and economics. The former will equip me with more knowledge to read and write academic papers; while the latter is important in that everyone has to know a little economics in order to live better in the time of “market economy”. 现象解释型模板二 Topic sentence 1）______________________ has become a common part of people’s life. (空格内用概括性的词语描述现象，即开门见山，综述现象。) 2）And_____________ has always aroused the greatest concern.（空格内填题目要去讨论的具体现象）

大学英语四级作文类型及

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四级作文现象解释型

现象解释型问题解决型 How to Tackle the Housing Problem in Big Cities? 1, 随着大量人口涌入城市，城市的居住环境越来越挤2，解决住房问题有哪些不同方案 3，我的看法 Nowadays, there is a growing concern on the housing problem in big cities. It is certain that more and more people from rural areas are flooding into big cities. However, cities can not offer enough houses for the increasing population. It will cause many serious results if the housing problem is not will solved. Firstly, t he expensive rent for house will prevent people from flowing. Secondly, people moved to big cities may spend more time on finding a suitable house. Finally, the environment may become worse for being overcrowded. In spite of all these, there are still many ways to solve the problem. First of all, it is a good idea to build ‘satellite cities’ in the suburbs of big cities. In addition, the government should build more high-rise building. Thirdly, the government should offer a discount for lower-income residents to buy their bouses. Only in this way

第三章现象解释型

第三章现象解释型一、体裁介绍现象解释型作文命题要明确描述社会生活中存在的一种现象，要求考生说明该现象反映的社会问题，解释该现象存在或发生的原因。审题思路考生拿到作文题后首先应确立写作主题、写作结构以及材料选择与组织。对于此类作文，我们可以分为三部分：第一部分描述现象，引起话题；第二部分对现象进行细致的分析，解释现象发生或变化的原因；第三部分针对现象做出评论，表明自己的态度、观点或做法以及如何在日常生活中有效地发扬该现象的优势或消除这种现象不利的方面。我们可以把图表说明型作文看作现象解释型作文的变体。在图表说明型作文中，题目提供一些图表信息用来显示某一现象、情况的变化或者发展趋势，要求考生对变化进行描述，说明变化的原因，阐述个人看法。对于图表说明型作文，我们也可根据命题要求将文章分为三部分：第一部分描述图表中数据的主要趋势，对数据进行分析比较，总结归纳图表内容所呈现的主要特征；第二部分对现象和变化进行细致的分析，解释现象发生或变化的原因；第三部分针对现象和变化做出结论。二、真题分析 Example 1 Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Harmfulness of Fake Commodities. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline（given in Chinese) below： 1. 目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品(fake commodities)； 2. 为什么会有这种现象? 3. 举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害。（1998年1月） 1. 审题列纲本文为现象解释型命题作文，可根据提纲要求将文章分为三段：第一段指出现象：社会上有不少假冒伪劣产品；第二段详细分析该现象产生的原因，为什么社会上会出现伪劣产品？该段第一句承上启下，说明该现象有几个方面的原因，紧接着后几句分别说明这几方面的原因；最后一段说明伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害，明确指出：必须坚决打击假冒伪劣产品。 2. 写作思路主题分析假冒伪劣商品的危害。开头段指出现象：社会上有不少假冒伪劣产品。中心段说明现象存在的原因。假冒伪劣商品可以为生产商带来巨大的利润。市场监管力度不够。购买到假冒伪劣商品的消费者很难从有关部门获得帮助。结论段伪劣商品危害消费者个人和社会等，必须坚决打击假冒伪劣产品。假冒伪劣商品给消费者造成巨大的损失。假冒伪劣商品危害人们的健康，甚至是生命。必须采取措施打击假冒伪劣商品，这样才能生活得更好。

现象解释型

现象解释型: A．一个社会问题或者现象。 B．产生的原因 C．对社会和我们生活的影响 D．如何杜绝。（如果是问题的话） E．前景的预测。【现象解释型模板】1. Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。（或者是一个例子）。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面参照辩论式议论文的写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated （表达）in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will ……..【现象解释型模板】2. Nowadays/In recent years/In modern society,总述现象, which has/have been brought into focus/has(have) aroused great concern. Moreover/In addition,进一步描述现象表现或变化. Undoubtedly,该现象has/have brought a negative effect/influence on影响对象(can bring damage to影响对象). Above all,影响一. For example,进一步说明影响. What’s more,影响二.In addition/Besides,影响三. No doubt/From my point of view,对该现象做出总体评价. However,可能存在的问题/it is worth noting that应该注意的事项.进一步描述问题或注意事项. All in all/Therefore,总结全文. //As to me/From my point of view,对该现象做出整体评价、对现象的发展做出预测或提出建议(, but指出注意事项/提出建议). For one thing,评价一/建议一. For another,评价二/建议二. To conclude/In a word,总结全文. 二、作文范文 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topics given. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: Topic 1: On Energy Shortage 1.很多城市出现能源短缺现象 2.分析原因 3.提出建议 On Energy Shortage Energy shortage is a huge problem for modern society, and it has a negative impact on people’s daily life and economic development. Many elements account for energy shortage. Firstly, rapid economic development prompts an increase of energy consumptions in different industries. Secondly, population growth creates greater demands for household energy usage. Thirdly, people have yet to develop the sense of energy conservation. Actually we can do a lot to save energy in daily life. Turn off lights and fans

现象解释型作文模板

现象解释型作文模板： With the development of______________ (现象或问题出现的背景), ___________ (现象或问题) has aroused great concern. Some people consider it to be __________ (对现象或问题出现的看法) , while others think it in a different/ opposite way. This subject requires further analysis. There are many reasons involved. Among them, _____(原因1) plays a very important role, that is to say, ______ (原因1的主题词) becomes _______ (原因1的状态) thanks to ______ (前述状态的原由). What is more, it is because of ________ (原因2) to some degree. The similar reasons are too numerous to mention one by one. Therefore, many measures must be taken on this matter. The first measure is to ______ (观点或方法1). Immediately after that, we should _________ (观点或方法2). Only in this way can we _______(重申主题). 现象解释型作文范文： With the development of society，the high frequency of traffic accidents has aroused great concern. Some people consider it to be an inevitable problem，while others think it in an opposite way. This subject requires further analysis There are many reasons involved. Among them, lack of safety awareness plays a very important role, that is to say, many people become negligent in driving thanks to theirconceit. What is more, it is because of the heavy traffic to some degree. The similar reasons are too numerous to mention one by one. Therefore, many measures must be taken on this matter. The first measure is to strengthen driving education. Immediately after that, we should put focus on lessening traffic jams to improve the conditions. Only in the way can we decrease the frequency of traffic accidents.

四级作文议论文四种类型

四级作文议论文四种类型 1. 现象解释型作文模板： Recently, what amazes us most is＿＿＿＿＿． There are many reasons explaining ＿＿＿＿＿＿．The main reason is＿＿＿＿＿，What is more, ＿＿＿＿＿，Thirdly, ＿＿＿＿＿．As a result, ＿＿＿＿＿． Considering all these, ＿＿＿＿＿．For one thing, ＿＿＿＿For another, ＿＿＿＿．In conclusion, ＿＿＿＿． Reference: My View on Charity Charity is of utmost importance to us humans. While following a spate of scandals, some individuals and institutions involved in this field have encountered criticism in recent months. There are several reasons for this phenomenon. Above all, compared with those of developed countries, the charity awareness in our country is backward. Some people equal charity with donation, and therefore they believe that charity is the rich’s responsibility and has nothing to do with the middle-class and the poor. The second thing that must be taken into consideration is that a number of individuals and charitable organizations lack a sense of social responsibility, which results in the declining social credibility. For my part, I believe the following steps can address this situation. Firstly, people’s awareness of how profound influence charity can bring to our society should be heightened. Secondly, rigorous supervision must be carried out by the administrations involved, so that the charity activities will become more transparent. 2. 对比选择型 When it comes to＿＿＿＿, different people hold different views . Some contend that＿＿＿＿. For one thing,＿＿＿＿. For another,＿＿＿. In spite of all these claims, others maintain that ＿＿＿＿，They point out that＿＿＿＿. Another instance often cited is that＿＿＿＿. It’s no easy task to find a satisfactory answer to the issue.As for me, there’s some truth to both arguments. It’s advisable to ＿＿＿＿＿＿. Marks or Ability 1．有些学生认为学习成绩是最重要的。 2．有些学生认为培养个人能力是最重要的。 3．你的看法。 It is well known that the task of college students is to study, and some students regard that marks are very important. They think that their primary task is to study and learn: from teachers and textbooks. They seldom take part in other activities, for they are afraid that those activities will affect their study. They put marks in the first place, thus neglecting the development of practical abilities. While some other students think it most important to develop their practical ability. They

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