历年职称英语考试理工类B级历年真题及答案

2010年职称英语理工类（B级)考试真题及答案

第1部分：词汇选项(第1~15题,每题１分,共15分）?下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项.1 ?．Paｔrｉcia stａreｄat the other girls wiｔh reｓeｎｔment．?A．anｇer Ｂ．doubｔ C.lｏvｅ考试大论坛Ｄ．ｓuｒprisｅ

２．The dｏｃuｍenｔｗas compｉｌｅｄｂy ｔheＤepartmeｎt ｏf Healｔｈ．? A.wｒittenＢ.ｐriｎｔedＣ．ａｔtａcｈｅdＤ．sent?3．Hｅ’ｓspent yｅars cultivating a knowledｇe ｏｆart。A．shａring B.ｕｓinｇC．ｄenyｉｎg D.ｄevｅloｐiｎg

4．We＇ｖｅseｅn ａｍａｒked sｈift in our approａch ｔo tｈｅsociａl issｕes．

A．cｌｅarＢ.reguｌar C.quiｃｋD。gｒeａt?5．Hｅｒfaｔher waｓａqｕiet man with g ｒaｃefuｌmａnners.?A．ｐｏlite B．sｉmilar C.ｕsualＤ．bad?6．Iｗａnt to proｖide my boys with a decent educatiｏn．? A.good B。ｓpｅｃｉaｌC．ｐrivate D.gｅｎｅraｌ

7.In thｅｐｒｏcesｓ，thｅligｈt energy cｏnvｅrtｓto heａｔenerｇy.?A。chaｎgｅs B．rｅduces C．leａvｅs D。ｄrops?8.Mａnｙｃｉtiｅs hａｖe ｒeｓtrｉcted smoking in publiｃplaｃes.

A．ｌimiｔed B.allowed C。stoppeｄD。keｐt

9．What aｒe my ｃhaｎces of ｐroｍｏtiｏn if Ｉstａy here?? A.rｅtiremeｎｔB．advｅrtisement C．aｄvancｅｍent D.reｐｌａcement

10．Ｉｆwe ｌeaｖe now，wｅｓhould mｉss thｅｔraffic.? A.dｉｒect B．ｓtop C。ｍix D．av ｏid

11.Therｅwasａprｏfound sｉleｎcｅafｔer ｈｉs remark．? A.pｒouｄＢ。shｏrｔC．sudden D。dｅeｐ?1２．I enjoｙｅd tｈｅplaｙit haｄa clever ploｔａnd ｆuｎｎy dialogueｓ．?A。lｏｎg B．borinｇC．originalＤ.humorｏus

13.Thｅtｈief ｗas fiｎａlｌy caｐｔured ｔwｏmｉles aｗay fｒｏｍthｅｖｉllage。?A．cauｇht Ｂ．ｋilled Ｃ.fｏund D．jailｅｄ

１４．Sｕch ａdatabase woulｄbe extｒeｍｅly ｃostｌy to ｓｅt uｐ．

Ａ．transfeｒB．destroy C。establiｓh D.updatｅ?15.Thｅｔｗｏｂanｋs have aｎnounceｄplan ｓto meｒgｅneｘt ｙear。

A。comｂｉne B。sell C．cｌoｓｅＤ。break

第2部分：阅读判断(第16~2２题,每题１分，共７分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择C。

A Greａt Quake Coming?

Everyoｎeｗho lives in Ｓan Ｆｒancｉsco ｋnows that earthquａkes are common in the baｙarｅa and theｙcan be devaｓtating．In １９06，fｏr ｅxample，a ｍajｏｒqｕake destrｏyeｄａｂoｕt 28，0０0 b ｕildinｇs and kｉllｅd ｈundreds，perhaps thｏusanｄs ｏｆpｅoｐle.Resｉdｅntｓnow wondeｒｗhｅｎthｅnext”Big One”wiｌl ｓtｒike．Ｉt'ｓｂound to ｈaｐpeｎsｏmｅday。Aｔlｅast seｖenａctive fａu ｌt（断层)ｌiｎes run throuｇh the SａｎFrancisco area．Fauｌts aｒe places wheｒｅpｉｅｃes of Eaｒth's c ｒuｓｔ(地壳)slidｅｐａst ｅach otheｒ。Whｅｎtｈese pｉecｅs slip，the gｒound shakes．

To prepare foｒthat daｙ, scｉentists aｒｅusing ｎew tecｈniｑuｅｓto reaｎalyｚe the 19０６ｅartｈquakｅanｄprｅdiｃｔhoｗbaｄｔｈe damage migｈｔbe when tｈｅnextｏne haｐｐｅｎｓ。考试大－中国教育考试门户网站(www．Ｅxａｍｄa.cｏｍ）

Ｏne nｅｗfinｄinｇａbouｔthe1９06 eａrthquake is that the San Aｎｄｒｅas fａult splｉt apaｒt fａs ｔer than scientiｓtｓhad asｓuｍｅd at tｈｅtimｅ．Ｄuring smaｌl ｅarthquaｋｅs，fａｕltｓruｐｔurｅ(断裂）at ａbouｔ２。7 kｉｌometeｒs pｅr seconｄ．Dｕring bigｇer qｕakes,howeｖer，ruptuｒes caｎhapｐeｎaｔrates ｆasteｒtｈａn 3.5 ｋilometers peｒsecｏnd.

Aｔsuｃｈhｉgh speeｄs．ｍassiｖe ａmounｔs of pressｕｒe ｂｕild ｕp，geｎｅｒａtiｎg undｅrgrｏund

waｖesｔhat caｎcause moｒe daｍａge tｈan the quake itsｅｌf.Ｌucky for SanＦrａncisco,theｓe ｐｒessｕrｅpulｓeｓ（脉冲)trａｖeｌａway ｆｒｏm the cｉty duｒｉng the 1906 evｅｎt。As bad asｔｈe ｄamａｇe ｗａｓ，iｔcｏuld ｈａve been fａr worse．

Lｏoking ahead，scienｔｉsts are tｒyｉng to ｐredict when thｅｎext mａjｏr qｕake ｗｉll oｃcｕｒ．Recorｄs ｓhow that earthｑuakes weｒe cｏmmoｎbｅfore １9０6。Ｓｉｎｃe tｈen,thｅeａｒthquake has beeｎreｌativｅｌy qｕieｔ。Patternｓinｔhe ｄaｔa，hoｗevｅr,ｓuggeｓt thaｔthｅpｒobabｉliｔy o ｆ a majｏr earthｑuake strikinｇthｅBay Areａbｅfore 2０３２ｉs at ｌeａst６2 perｃeｎt.?New bｕiｌdｉngs in San Franciｓｃo ａre ｑuite sａｆe iｎcaseｏf futurｅｑuakｅs．Sｔill，ｍorｅtha ｎ8４per—cent oｆtｈe ｃitｙ’s buildｉｎgs arｅｏld anｄwｅａk．Analyｓeｓｓuｇｇest ｔｈat anｏther massｉve eaｒthqｕake wouldｃａｕｓe exteｎｓｉｖe damａgｅ。?Ｐeｏple whｏlive ｔhｅre tｅnｄｔo feel saｆe beｃauｓe Sａn Francｉscｏhas ｒeｍaiｎed ｐｒｅtｔy quiet for ａwｈile．Aｃcorｄiｎg to thｅnew resｅayｃh，hｏｗever，it's nｏt ａmａtter of”ｉf thｅBig Onｅｗill hit"。It’s ju st a matteｒof wｈen.

16.Ｔhe San Francisco arｅa iｓlocated abｏvｅseｖeral activｅfault ｌines．? A.ＲｉｇhｔB．Wrｏｎｇ C.Noｔmeｎtiｏneｄ

17。Tｈe190６ｅａrｔｈquａke ｉn Ｓan Francisｃｏis the ｍost ｓｅvere one in Ameｒiｃan hisｔo ｒｙ．?Ａ.RighｔB．Wrｏng C.Not ｍenｔiｏned

18。Ｔhｅhighest sｐeed oｆfault ruｐtｕreｓiｎtｈe 1906 qｕake ｗas more tｈａｎ3。5 kilｏmeterｓper ｓeｃｏnd.? A.RighｔＢ．WronｇC．Not meｎｔioned?１9．Eartｈquaｋeｓraｒeｌy happened ｂefoｒe1906．

Ａ．Ｒight B.WｒonｇＣ。Ｎｏt meｎtiｏned?20。ＳaｎＦraｎcisco is fulｌｙpreｐａｒeｄｆｏr anｏther biｇｅarthquake．?Ａ．RiｇhｔＢ．Wroｎg C．Nｏt mｅnｔioｎｅｄ?21。Scientistｗill bｅａble to ｐrｅdicｔthe exaｃt ｔimｅof an eaｒｔhquａkｅｓoon.?A．RighｔB．Wrong Ｃ．Ｎot mｅntｉonｅd?22。Ａｍａjor eａrthquaｋe sｔrｉｋing Ｓan Francisｃo soｍeday is ineviｔaｂle。?A.Right B。Wroｎg C．Not mentioned

第3部分:概括大意与完成句子(第２３～3０题,每题1分,共８分)?下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1）第23－26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个最佳标题;（２）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定１个最佳选项.

NａturaｌGａs

Ｎatuｒａl gas is produceｄfｒom rｅserｖｏirs deep beneathｔhｅｅａｒth＇s suｒfａce．It is a fossil fuel，meaning tｈat iｔｉs deｒived ｆｒｏｍoｒgａnic mａｔeriａl bｕｒｉｅd iｎthｅeａｒｔh millｉｏns of yeaｒs ａｇo。Tｈe main compoｎeｎt of nａｔurａｌgas ｉs ｍethａnｅ(甲烷)。

Tｈｅpopuｌarｉty aｎd use of cｌean naｔｕral ｇａs ｈas increasｅd dramaticaｌly ｏｖer the pａst 5０yearｓas Dｉpeliｎe infｒastrｕcｔｕre（基础设施）ｈaｓbeen instaｌledｔo dｅlivｅｒｉt convenienｔly a ｎd eｃonｏmｉcａllｙtoｍillions oｆresidential，ｃomｍercial and ｉndustrial custoｍｅrs wｏrｌdwｉde。Ｔoday，nａtｕral ｇaｓｓｅｒｖice is aｖailabｌe iｎall 5０statｅｓ，and is ｔhｅｌeadinｇｅnergy ch ｏicｅfor fueｌｉng Amerｉcａｎhomes andｉnduｓ-ｔｒies.Ｍore ｔhan 6５millｉon Ａmericａn home ｓuse naｔｕral gas。Ｉn facｔ,naｔｕrａl gaｓis thｅmｏst ecｏ－nomical source for home enｅrｇy neｅds,costiｎｇone－ｔhird as much as eleｃtriciｔy.Ｉn additｉｏn tｏｈｅａt-ing homes，mｕch of the gａs usｅd in thｅUｎｉted Stａｔes is used aｓaｒaw maｔeｒial to maｎｕfactｕre a ｗiｄe varietｙoｆｐｒoｄｕctｓ，fromｐaiｎt，to fibers for clothing，to plａsｔiｃs fｏr heａlｔｈcａre,computｉnｇandｆｕr-nｉｓhings．Ｎatural gaｓis also uｓed in a sｉgnificant number of nｅwｅlectｒiciｔy-geｎeratｉngｐower pｌants.?Ｎatural ｇaｓiｓoｎｅof tｈｅｓａｆｅst and ｃleaｎest ｆuelｓavａiｌablｅ．Iｔemits lesｓpｏlluｔｉon ｔhan other ｆoｓsiｌfuels.dｉoxidｅ（二氧化碳)anｄｗａter vapor—tｈe same su ｂｓtanｃes ｅmitted when ｈumａnｓex－hａhttps://www.wendangku.net/doc/256057480.html,parｅd wiｔh someｏther fossｉｌfuｅls,nａtural gas eｍｉtｓｔｈe ｌｅast aｍount of caｒｂon ｄiｏxide ｉn-tｏthe air when combusted（燃烧)—makｉng

naturａl gａsｔheｃｌeaｎesｔbuｒning fｏｓsｉｌfuel oｆａll.The inｄustry ａｌso is subjecｔtｏsubstａntial ｆederａl ｒeguｌaｔiｏn iｎtｈｅarｅas ｏｆｐroductｉon and distributｉon，whicｈhｅｌｐｅnsｕre iｔis prｏviｄｅd to conｓumｅｒs saｆely and cleanlｙ．

The Uｎiｔｅd Statｅs cｏｎsuｍｅｓaboutｏne－thｉrd oｆtｈeｗorld's natuｒal gas oｕｔｐｕt,makｉnｇit the lar-gesｔgas cｏnsumｉｎg reｇion in the worlｄ.The U.S.Ｄepａrtｍｅnｔof Ｅｎｅrgy’s Energy InｆｏrｍatiｏｎＡｄ－mｉnistration forecａsts tｈat ｎatｕraｌｇas demand will grow by moｒｅthan 50 percｅnｔby 20２5。?Theｒeａre huge reｓerves of naturａｌｇａs beneath ｔhe eａｒth's suｒface．Tｈe laｒgeｓtｒeserｖｅｓof natｕ-ｒaｌgas can bｅｆoｕｎd ｉn Ｒussia，Ｗｅｓt anｄNo ｒth Afｒicａaｎｄthe MiddlｅEast。LNG（液化天然气)haｓbeｅｎprｏduced dｏmestically and ｉｍpｏrt ｅd in ｔhe UnｉｔeｄSｔatｅs ｆoｒmore tｈan four dｅｃadeｓ。Ｔo-day，the leading importeｒs of LNG aｒe Japaｎ,Koreａ，FrancｅanｄSpain.

23．Ｐaｒaｇraph ２_____＿______＿__

２４．Pａragrapｈ3__＿___＿___＿__＿_

2５。Paraｇｒaph 4__＿____＿____＿＿_

２６。Pａｒagｒａph5_________＿_____

Ａ．Popularｉtｙaｎｄuｓe of natｕｒal gas Ｂ.Natｕraｌgas rｅsｅrｖes and suｐｐｌｙＣ．Natur ａlｇas prｉces

Ｄ．Clean fueｌof choice E．Dｉsadｖanｔａｇes of naturａｌgａs F。Natｕｒaｌｇas consuｍ

28．Naturａl gaｓiｓrｅｃｏgnized ａs thｅption?2７．Natural gas is sｔｏreｄdeeｐ_＿＿__＿_＿。?

most ecoｎoｍiｃal eｎergy source _＿______。?29．When ｍanuｆacturiｎg many ｐｒｏdｕcｔs,people ｃommｏnly use natural gas ＿___＿＿__.

3０。It is ｅstimatｅd that by 20５0 that nａtuｒａｌｇas deｍanｄｉn tｈe United Staｔeｓｗilｌｉn ｃrｅａse__＿＿____。

Ａ.ｏvｅｒthe paｓｔ５０years B。bｅneath tｈe earthｓｕrｆａｃe C．ｂy mｏrｅtｈaｎ５０percｅnt

D．fｏｒmore thａn four decaｄes E.as ａｒaw maｔeriａl F．for hｏｍe ｅｎｅｒｇy nee ｄs

第4部分：阅读理解（第３1—４５题，每题3分，共45分）?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题.请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个最佳选项.?第一篇

Walkinｇto Exercise thｅＢｒａin?Do you tｈink sitting and studying all tｈｅtimｅwｉｌｌｉmpｒｏve ｙour gradeｓ？Think again．Gettinｇsomｅeｘercise may help，too。

Ｎeｗresｅarｃh with ｏｌder peoplｅsugｇests thaｔtaking ｒeｇulａr wａlks ｈelps them pay attention bｅｔteｒｔhan if tｈeｙｄiｄn't eｘeｒcｉsｅ。?Previouｓreｓｅarｃｈhad sｈown tｈat mｉce learｎ，remember,and pay atｔention bｅｔteｒafter a ｆew weekｓof working ouｔｏn ａｒunｎｉng ｗｈeel．Ｍicｅthat exeｒｃise hａｖe greａteｒbloｏd ｆｌow ｔｏｔhe bｒain tｈan tｈoｓe ｗｈo ｄon't．Theiｒｂraｉn ceｌls aｌsｏmake moreｃonnｅctions．?Neurosｃientｉsｔｓfrｏm tｈeＵｎiversity ａt Urbanａ—Chaｍpaiｇnｗanted to fiｎd out if thｅsaｍe thing ｉs trｕe ｆor pｅopｌｅ。Fｉｒst,thｅy measｕrｅd thｅpｈyｓicａl fitnｅss of ４1 adulｔs，ａgｅs５8ｔo７7，afｔeｒeachｐer－soｎｗalked 1 miｌｅ．Then，pａrｔｉｃiｐanｔｓlooked at arｒｏwｓoｎａcｏｍpｕｔer sczｅen and had tｏuse com－puter keｙsｔｏｓhoｗｗｈiｃｈwaｙoneｐartiｃulａr aｒｒｏw wａs pｏiｎtｉng．Adulｔs whｏｗere ｐｈysiｃalｌｙfit wｅｒｅfａsteｒａt thｅarrｏｗｔask,aｎd tｈeirａnｓｗers were jｕst ａs ac- ｃuraｔe as tｈeir lｅｓs-ｆit peeｒs，ｔｈｅｒesearｃｈers fｏunｄ．The fitter part ｉcipanｔsａｌｓo ｈaｄｍoｒe bｌｏｏｄflow ｔｏａpart oｆtheｉr braiｎresｐoｎsｉｂlｅfor paying attｅｎtioｎand maｋinｇdeciｓｉｏnｓ．

In a second study,15 eldeｒly peoｐｌｅwho completeｄ a 6－ｍonｔｈaeｒobic—trａinｉng courｓｅｗerｅｆas—ter at ａttention tasks cｏmpaｒeｄwitｈ１４seniorｓwｈo juｓt dｉd stretching and toｎｉ

ｎg exercｉses ｆor ｔhe ｓａmｅamount ｏｆtｉme．考试大论坛

So,ｅven gｏing for a wａlｋeveｒｙ 2 or 3dａys ｆorjust 10 to 4５ｍiｎutｅs can help．Ｔhat shoul ｄbe gｏoｄｎeｗs for yourｇrａndpareｎｔs。?Thｅeｆfeｃts of ｅxercisiｎg ｏn tｈe bｒaｉｎｓof yｏungeｒｐeoｐｌe hａｖen’ｔbeen studｉeｄyet．Sｔiｌl，ｉt can't hｕrｔto ｔake occasｉｏnal stｕdy bre ａks and go for ａwalｋｏr ruｎaround ｗiｔh yｏur ｆriｅndｓ．Yｏu ｍiｇht even doｂetter ｉn schｏol．

Whａtｅvｅr yoｕdo，thoｕgｈ，doｎ＇t try to reaｄａnｄwalk ａt ｔhe same tiｍe．Ｙou couldｅn ｄuｐhuｒting ｙourseff！

31.Wａlｋing regularｌy helps eldｅrｌy pｅoplｅ______＿．

Ａ．ｌoｓe weｉgｈt B。beｃｏme hapｐier C．coｎcentraｔe better D．look ｙoｕｎｇｅr 32。Aftｅr takｉｎg eｘｅrcｉse for a fｅw wｅeｋs，ｔhe mice ｗere found to have_____。?Ａ．hｉgher ｂlood prｅssuｒe B．fasteｒhearｔbｅａt C.morｅbｌood flow ｔo theｂｒain D．bｅtteｒappearance?3３.The first study on41 eｌdｅrlｙpeople found___＿__．?Ａ.the ｌesｓ—ｆiｔｐarticipa ｎts did arrow ｔasｋs fａster B。ｔheｆittｅr parｔicｉpaｎtｓdid arrow ｔaｓｋｓfａsｔer?Ｃ．the ｌess—ｆｉｔparｔicipaｎtｓgａvｅmｏreａccuｒate ansｗers D．tｈe fitterｐａrticipanｔs gave ｍorｅaｃｃurａtｅaｎsweｒs?34．Iｔcaｎｂe goｏd foｒheaｌtｈwhen oｎe takeｓ a walk every 2 or 3 ｄaｙs for at least＿_____.? A.3 miｎuｔes B。45 mｉnutｅs C．３0 mｉｎｕtes D。10 m ｉｎuｔｅs?3５．Ｉｔis suggestｅd in the lasｔｐarａgrapｈthaｔpeoplｅshould＿_____。?A．ｒｕｎａｒoｕｎｄoｎｃeａwｅek Ｂ．not read ａndｗaｌk at the sａｍe time?C．go foｒａwalk eveｒy day D。nｏt hurt their friendｓwhiｌｅeｘerｃisinｇ

第二篇

Nighｔof the LivｉnｇAnts?When an ａｎt dies，otheｒants movｅｔhe dead iｎsect out of tｈｅne ｓt．This bｅhavior is ｉnｔeｒesting tｏｓcientists,ｗｈo woｎdｅｒhow anｔs kｎow for suｒｅanｄso soon ｔhat another ant iｓdｅａd.

Dong—Hwａn Choe，ａscientisｔat the Universｉty of Caｌifｏrｎｉａfｏｕnd tｈat Argentinｅａntｓhavｅa chemiｃalｏn ｔhe outsｉdeｏf theｉrｂodies that sigｎals tｏoｔher antｓ．"I'm deａd.taｋｅme awａy。"

But ｔhｅre＇s a ｔwist toＣｈoe’s discｏｖeｒy．These ants ave a little bit like zomｂｉｅs(僵尸)．C ｈoe ｓａys tｈat ｔhｅlivｉng ants，not jｕｓt tｈe dead oｎes，have this death chemｉcals。Ｉｎｏther words．Whｉlｅaｎａnｔcrawlｓarｏund，perhaps iｎａpicniｃor home,it’s telｌｉng other ａｎtｓthat it＇s dｅad.?Whaｔkeｅpｓａnｔｓｆrom haｕｌinｇaｗaｙthｅlirinｇdeａｄ？Choe found ｔhat Argentine anｔs hａve two aｄdｉtionａl chemicａls ｏnｔｈeir bｏdｉes,and tｈｅse tell nearby ａnts soｍethinｇliｋe，"Ｗaiｔ-I’m not deａd yeｔ，"SoＣhoe's rｅseａｒｃh turｎed ｕｐtwo ｓｅtｓof c ｈｅｍical sｉgnalｓｉｎaｎts:onｅsays,"Ｉ’ｍdｅaｄ．＂the otｈｅr set sayｓ,＂Ｉ'ｍnot deaｄyet．"?Oｔhｅr scientists haｖe ｔriｅd tｏfiｇｕre out ｈｏw anｔｓｋnｏｗwhｅn anothｅr ant is deaｄ．Ｉｆaｎantｉs knocked ｕｎconscious，otｈer antｓleａve iｔalone unｔｉｌiｔwakes uｐ．That ｍeａns antｓknｏｗthaｔunｍoving ants can sｔill ｂe ａlive.?Choｅsuspｅcts ｔhat when aｎArgenｔine ant dies，thｅchｅｍicａl ｔhat says”Wａiｔ-I'm not deａd ye t”quiｃkly gｏeｓaway.Once thatｃhemiｃal is ｇone,only the ｏｎe tｈat says"I＇m deａd＂is lｅfｔ。"Ｉt'ｓbecaｕse ｔhe ｄeａd ant ｎｏlongｅr ｓｍｅlｌs likｅａlivｉnｇant ｔhaｔit gets carriｅd to the grａveyaｒd(墓地)，not ｂｅcause its ｂｏdy ｒeleａs ｅs new unique chemicａls after deａth，”saiｄＣhoe. Wｈenｏｔheｒａnts deteｃt thｅ"ｄeａｄ＂ｃhemiｃal withoｕt ｔｈe”not dead yet”ｃhemｉcａl，ｔｈey hａul aｗay tｈe boｄｙ．This wａs cｈoe’ｓｈypｏthｅsis（假设）。考试大论坛?Ｔo test his hypothesｉｓ，Cｈoe andｈiｓteaｍput differeｎｔchemi ｃａｌｓｏｎAｒgeｎtｉnｅaｎt pｕpａe（蛹).Wｈｅｎthe scientistｓusｅd the"I＇m dead”chｅｍｉｃａl,ｏther ａnｔs quicｋｌy hauｌed ｔｂe treated pupae away.Whenｔhｅｓcientistｓusｅd ｔｈe＂Waｉt—Ｉ'ｍnoｔdeａd yet"ｃhemicaｌs,ｏtheｒantｓleft tｈe treatedｐｕpae ａｌoｎe.Cｈoe beｌieｖes tｈ

is behaｖior ｓhｏwｓthat the"not deａｄｙｅt＂ｃhemiｃals oveｒrｉde（优先于）thｅ”deaｄ＂ｃｈeｍｉcal when ｐiｃｋeｄｕp bｙadulｔａｎts。And thaｔwｈenａｎant dｉes，the”nｏt dｅａd yet"chｅｍic ａｌｓfadｅaway。Otheｒneaｒby antｓthen detｅｃｔｔhe remaiｎinｇ”dead"chemicａl ａnd remove th ｅbody ｆrom the nｅsｔ．

36。Ｗhat iｓmｅａnt by＂dｅatｈcｈemiｃaｌ"mentioｎed iｎparａｇrａph 3??A。Ａｃhｅmicaｌthaｔcoｎtains poiｓon．Ｂ。A chｅｍｉｃal thａt ｃauｓｅs ｄｅatｈ．

C。A chemiｃal ｔhａt announcｅs dｅath．D。A chemical that prevents dｅatｈ．?3７.Whicｈof ｔhe ｆolloｗiｎｇstateｍｅｎtｓｉs ＮＯT ｔrue of ants？?Ａ．Aｎtｓkｎｏｗvｅry sｏｏｎthａｔanｏthｅr antｉｓdｅａd.Ｂ．Wheｎan anｔis dｅad，ｏｔheｒs mｏｖe its bｏdｙout ofｔhe ｎest。?Ｃ。If an ant is uｎｃonｓcious,it is movｅd out of the nesｔ．D。Ｌiｖｉng aｎts have the＂I’m dｅad"ｃhemical ｏn theｉｒbodｉes.?38。AｃcordinｇtｏＣｈｏｅ'ｓｈｙpothesiｓ，___＿＿__＿__＿。

Ａ。aｎant still sｍeｌls like a living ｗheｎｉｔｄiｅs B.tｈe＂I am dead”ｃｈemiｃal leavｅs the ant’s boｄｙwhｅn ｉt dｉｅs

C.the＂I am nｏt dead yｅt＂cheｍｉcaｌis left wheｎaｎant dies Ｄ．ｔhe”I am nｏt dead ｙet”cｈemicaｌｌｅaves tｈe ａnt’s body when it dies?39。Ａccorｄｉnｇｔo paraｇraｐh 7，whａt is the result o ｆthe ｔest oｎＣhoe＇s hyｏthesiｓ？? A.Ｉｔｓhowｓthaｔhis hｙpｏｔhesiｓis ｗronｇ. B.Ｉｔpｒｏvｅs that hiｓｈypothesis is conｖincing．? C.Itｓuggｅstｓthａt his hyｐｏtｈｅsis ｎeedsｒevi ｓiｎg。D．Not ｅnough eviｄence hａs bｅｅｎｆound to sｕpport hｉs hyｐotheｓｉs.

40.Thｅｐaｓsage"Nigｈtｏf theＬivｉng Ａｎtｓ”telｌｓus aｂout________。

Ａ．how an aｎt is moveｄouｔｏf tｈe nest aｔnｉｇh B。ｗhat an aｎt dｏes at ｎigｈｔ

Ｃ．how an ant ｆｉndｓiｔｓway in daｒkｎess D。ｗhaｔhａppens when aｎant ｄiｅs

第三篇

ThｅIcemａｎ?Ｏn a Septｅmber day iｎ１９91，two Gｅrmans werｅcliｍｂinｇthe mouｎｔain ｂetweｅn Ａusｔria ａnｄIｔaly．High up on a ｍｏunｔaiｎpass，thｅｙfound ｔｈe bodｙoｆａmａn lyｉｎg oｎthe icｅ.Ａt that heｉghｔ（１0，499 ｆeet or ３，２00 ｍｅters）,thｅice is uｓuaｌｌy pe ｒmanent，but １９9１hａｄbeen an ｅspeｃｉally warmｙear。The mouｎtain iceｈａd mｅlted ｍor ｅｔhａｎｊust uｓuａl ａｎｄso tｈe body had ｃomeｔｏthe sｕrfａce．

Ｉt waｓlyiｎg fａｃｅdownward．Thｅｓkelｅton（骨架）wasｉnｐerfｅct coｎdｉtｉｏn,eｘcept for a woｕnｄin the head。Thereｗas still skiｎon the bｏnｅs and the rｅｍａiｎs oｆｓomeｃloｔhes．Ｔhe haｎds werｅｓｔill hｏｌding thｅwoｏden hａndle of ａn ａx and on thｅfｅet theｒe weｒe ｖery sｉmpｌe ｌeａｔher ａnd cｌotｈboots。Nｅarby ｗａs ａpａiｒof glovｅｓｍａdｅof tree bark(树皮)aｎd ａholdeｒfor arrows．

Whoｗas the maｎ?Hｏwａｎd whｅn had he died? Ｅvｅｒyｂoｄy hａd aｄiffereｎt anｓwer ｔo tｈese quesｔｉｏns．Some ｐeople thought ｔhａt ｉｔwaｓfroｍｔhis cｅntury，pｅrhａpｓthｅｂo ｄyｏf aｓoldieｒwho dｉed in Woｒld WaｒI。sinｃｅｓeｖｅｒal sｏldｉers had ａlrｅａｄｙｂｅｅn foｕnd in the area．A Sｗisｓwｏman who bｅlieｖed it ｍiｇht be hｅr faｔher, who haｄdied ｉn thｏｓｅｍountaiｎs tweｎty yeａrs bｅfore and wｈｏse boｄy hａd ｎeｖｅr beｅｎfｏｕnd．The scｉentistｓwｈo rushed to lｏｏｋat the bodｙthouｇht it wａs pｒobaｂly much oldｅr，ｍaｙbｅeven a ｔhousanｄyｅaｒs old．考试大论坛

Wｉｔh moderｎｄatiｎｇtｅchｎｉqｕｅs，the sciｅntisｔs soｏｎlｅarned thaｔｔｈｅｉceman was about 5，３00 yｅａrｓold．Born in aboｕt 330０B．C．,ｈe ｌiveｄduｒｉｎg tｈｅBronze Ａgｅin Ｅurope．Aｔfirst sciｅntｉsts tｈｏｕght he waｓprobably a hunter ｗhｏhａd died fｒom aｎaccｉdｅｎtｉｎthe ｈigh mｏuｎtaiｎs. More recent eｖidｅnｃｅ。hoｗevｅr,tｅlls aｄiｆfｅｒeｎｔｓtory。A n ｅw ｋind of X—raｙｓｈｏｗs an arroｗhｅａｄstilｌstuck inｈiｓshoｕlder．It ｌeft ｏｎly a tiny ｈｏｌe iｎｈis skｉn,bｕt it caｕｓed ｉnternａl daｍaｇe aｎd bleeｄing．Ｈe alｍost cerｔainlｖdied froｍｔ

his wouｎd，aｎｄnot from the wｏｕnd on ｔhe back oｆｈiｓhead.Thｉs means thａtｈe was probablｙiｎsoｍe ｋind of battlｅ.It mａy have been pａrt of a lａrge war,or hｅmａyｈave been ｆighｔiｎｇbandｉts。He ｍaｙeven hａｖe ｂｅen ａｂanｄｉt himself.?By studyｉｎg ｈｉs cｌｏtｈｅsａnd tｏｏlｓ，scienｔｉｓtｓhave aｌreadｙlｅarneｄaｇｒeat deａl fromｔhe Iｃｅｍan abouｔｔhe tｉmｅｓhe livｅd in.we may ｎever ｋnoｗthe full stoｒy ｏf ｈow hｅｄieｄ,ｂut he ha ｓgivenｕs importａnt clues to tｈe historｙof ｔhｏsｅdｉstanｔtimes．

41.Ｔhｅboｄy of tｈｅiceｍａn ｗａｓfouｎd in the mountａiｎｓmainly ｂecａuｓe＿__＿＿__＿__．?Ａ．two Geｒmanｓwere ｃliｍbｉng mouｎｔainsＢ.hｅwas jｕst on a mountain paｓs Ｃ。thｅmｅlｔed icｅmade hｉm viｓiｂlｅD．he ｗas ｌｙiｎg on the ｉｃe?42。Whａt caｎbe iｎｆerｒed fｒoｍparagraph2？?Ａ．Ｔhe iｃeman cｏuｌd have died froｍtｈｅwound inｔhｅhead。Ｂ．Tｈｅiｃeｍaｎwas sｔruck deａd from behind．?C．Thｅicｅman was kｉlleｄwhｉle ｗoｒk ｉｎg. D.The iｃｅmａn lived ａｐoor ｌife.?43.All thｅfｏlloｗing are aｓsumpｔiｏｎs ｏｎce made about ｉceman EXCＥＰT＿_＿____＿__＿＿．

Ａ。ｈe waｓa sｏｌdｉｅｒinＷoｒid War I B.ｈe camｅfｒom Itaｌｙ

C。ｈe was ａSwiss ｗｏman＇S loｎg－lｏst father D．Ｈｅwas born aｂｏut a ｔhousand ｙeａrs ago?44．The scientｉstｓmadｅtheｄeduｃｔioｎtｈat the icemａn＿__＿_＿___．

A.wａs hit inｔhe shoulder by an ａrｒowｈead Ｂ．has a tiｎy hoｌe in ｈis skｉn cauｓiｎｇhis deaｔh? C.ｗas proｂａｂlyｉn soｍe kｉnｄoｆａbａｔtle D.hadｇot ａwound on tｈe bac ｋof hｉs heaｄ

45。Ｔhe woｒd”ｂandiｔｓ"in parａgraｐh ４coｕld be best ｒｅplaced by______＿__．?A．robber ｓB．sｈoｏterｓ C.soldierｓD。ｈunterｓ

第5部分：补全短文（第４6~50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文,请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌。

Semｃo?Ａt 2１,Ｒicaｒdo Semｌer bｅcame ｂoss of hiｓfａｔheｒ'Ｓbuｓｉneｓs ｉｎBｒaｚiｌ,Se ｍco，ｗhｉch solｄpaｒts fｏｒshipｓ。Ｓｅmｌer Jｕnior ｗoｒkｅd likｅ a madman，ｆrｏｍ7：30 ａｍ,until ｍidnigｈt ｅｖery ｄay．One ａfteｒnooｎ，ｗｈile tｏurｉng ａfaｃtｏrｙiｎNｅw Ｙoｒk,ｈe collapsed。Tｈｅdoctｏr who trｅatｅｄhim ｓaid,”Theｒe＇ｓnothing wｒong wiｔh you。Bｕt ｉf you continue lｉke thｉｓ。yoｕ’ll ｆind ａnew ｈｏmeｉn ouｒｈospital."Sｅmler goｔtｈe ｍｅssage。H ｅchaｎｇｅd ｔｈe way ｈe ｗorked．Ｉｎfacｔ,he ｃｈａnged thｅways hｉｓemｐloyeeｓworkeｄｔｏo。

He ｌｅt his workers take ｍｏrｅｒespoｎsiｂilｉty sｏthａtｔheｙwouｌd ｂe the ones worryｉng ｗｈen thｉngs went ｗｒoｎg.Ｈｅａllowｅd tｈｅm to sｅｔtheir own ｓalaries，ａｎd he cut ａll tｈe jobs he ｔhｏught weｒe unnecessary,likｅreceｐtionisｔs and sｅｃｒｅtａrieｓ.＿__＿______（46）．"Everｙonｅａt Ｓemcｏ，ｅｖen ｔop maｎaｇers，meeｔｓｇｕests iｎreceｐｔion，does the phｏｔocｏｐyin ｇ,sends fａｘes，typｅs letters and diａlｓthｅpｈone．＂

He ｃｏｍplｅｔely rｅorｇanizｅd thｅoffice：instｅａｄofｗallｓ,theｙｈave ｐlantｓat Semco，ＳO bｏsseｓcaｎ't shut tｈeｍｓelｖｅs away from ｅvｅryoｎe else。＿____＿__＿_(47）．Aｓｆor uniforms，ｓome pｅople weaｒsuitｓａｎdｏｔhersｗeａr T—shirts．

Ｓｅmｌeｒsays,＂Ｗｅhave a sales manager nａmｅd Ｒubin Aｇaｔｅr whｏｓiｔs therｅreadiｎg ｔhｅnewspapｅr hoｕr ａfter hour.He doesn’t even ｐretend to bｅbｕsy．Ｂut when a Ｓeｍco ｐｕmp oｎthe othｅr side ｏf the woｒlｄfａils，mｉlｌｉons ｏf gａllonsｏｆｏil aｒe aｂout tｏｓpill intｏthｅsea。Rubin spriｎｇs ｉnto actiｏn.__＿__＿_＿＿（48）.Thaｔ’S wheｎｈe earns ｈis salａry。Nｏon ｅcａｒｅs iｆhe ｄｏesn’t lｏok busy the reｓｔｏf theｔime．＂

Sｅｍｃo has ｆlexiｂlｅwｏrkｉｎg hours：ｔhe employees ｄecide wｈen they neeｄto aｒrｉｖｅat work.The emｐloyees alsｏｅvａlｕatｅｔhｅiｒｂoｓses ｔwice a yｅar．__＿___＿＿（49)．请访问考试

大网站http：//wｗw。eｘamｄａ。coｍ/

Ｉt sounｄｓｐｅｒfｅct，bｕt doｅs ｉtｗork？The answｅｒis in the nuｍｂers：in thｅlａsｔsiｘyearｓ，Seｍco'S rｅvenuｅs have ｇｏne from＄35million ｔｏ$2１2 ｍillｉoｎ．The cｏmpａｎy has grｏｗn from eｉｇｈt huｎdｒed ｅmploｙees to ３,0０0．Why?

Sｅmlｅｒsａys it’ｓbecause ｏf”peeｒpｒesｓｕre"。Peｅrｐressｕrｅｍａkeｓemplｏyees ｗｏr ｋhａrｄfｏr everｙｏne elｓe.___＿_＿_＿_(５0）．In ｏtheｒwords，Ricａrdo Semleｒtreats his ｗor ｋerｓlｉｋｅadｕhs and expectｓｔｈｅｍto actｌike ａdulｔs．Aｎdｔｈeyｄo．Ａ．This saｖeｄmoｎey ａndｂroｕghｔｍoｒe eｑｕaｌitｙto thｅｃoｍpany．

B。Ｈe knoｗs ｅverythiｎg there is tｏknoｗaｂout ourｐuｍps and how to fiｘthem。

C．Ａnd the wｏｒkers ａｒｅｆｒee tｏｄeｃoｒate their woｒkspaｃe ａs thｅy want。?D．Mo ｓt mａnaｇers spend theｉr timeｍaking it diｆｆiｃult for ｗｏrｋers to wｏrk．

Ｅ．Iｆｓomeｏｎe isn＇t doiｎg hｉs job wｅlｌ，the othｅr workerｓｗill not alｌｏw the ｓiｔuａｔion to ｃｏntinue．?Ｆ.Also,Semco leｔｓiｔs woｒkｅｒs uｓｅtｈe cｏmpany＇s mａchines for tｈｅir own projｅctｓ，anｄmａkesｔｈem take hｏliｄａyｓfor at leａst thirtyｄａyｓａｙeａr．

第6部分：完形填空(第51～６5题，每题1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。?ＴhｅCａse of the DisappeariｎｇFiｎｇｅrprｉntｓ

Onｅuseｆｕl anti—ｃanｃｅr drug ｃan efｆｅctiｖely eｒasｅtｈｅwｈorlｓanｄotｈer charaｃterｉs ｔiｃｍarks thａt gｉｖe peopｌe theiｒｄisｔｉｎctive ｆｉngerpｒiｎts（指纹).Losｉng ｔhｅm ｃoulｄbeｃｏmｅtrｏuｂｌesome。Ａcaｓｅ＿＿____＿__（51)oｎlｉｎe in ａｌetｔｅr by Anｎaｌs of Onc ｏｌogy(肿瘤学)indicａtes how big ａ________（52)of losing fｉngeｒprｉnts ｉs.请访问考试大网站htt ｐ://www.eｘamda。coｍ/

Eng—Hｕat Tan,aＳiｎｇapore－basｅd medical dｏctoｒdｅscｒｉbes ａ６2—yeaｒ－ｏld mａn wｈo has used capecitabｉｎｅto＿____＿＿_(53)hｉs nasophaｒyngeaｌｃａncer(鼻咽癌)．Aftｅr thrｅe yea ｒｓｏｎthe_＿____＿(5４)，tｈe patieｎt dｅcｉｄeｄto vｉsit U．Ｓ．relａtiｖeｓlａst Ｄｅcｅmbeｒ.B ｕt he ｗａs sｔoppeｄby?U.Ｓ.cuｓtoｍｓｏfficiａlｓ___＿＿___（5５)4 hours after entｅrｉng the coｕnt ｒｙwheｎthｏsｅofｆicialｓcoulｄn't get ｆingerpｒｉnｔs frｏm the man。Tｈere wｅrｅno__＿____（５6)ｓｗiｒly ｍarks apｐeariｎg ｆroｍｈｉｓｉnｄex ｆinger．

"U.S.cｕstoｍs haｓbeｅn fｉnｇｅrｐrｉｎｔing incoｍing foreiｇn visiｔors fｏr years．"Ｔan say ｓ。”unfortunａtｅly,for theＳingaporｅａn trａveｌer，one poｔential___＿_____（５7）ｅffｅct of hｉｓdrug tｒeatmenｔis ａｓmooｔhing of the tiｓsue oｎthe fiｎｇer pads.____＿___＿（58),no fｉngeｒpｒｉｎts．"

"Ｉt is uｎceｒtaｉｎwhen fｉｎgerprint__＿＿__＿___＿（59）wｉll bｅgin to tａke place in ｐaｔｉenｔs who are taking capｅcｉtａｂｉｎe，"Ｔan poinｔs out．So ｈｅ_______＿__(60)any physｉciaｎｓｗho pｒescribe tｈe ｄｒug tｏｐrｏvide thｅir paｔｉenｔs withａｄｏcｔｏr'Ｓ_＿______＿__（61）poｉｎting ou ｔthat ｔｈｅｉｒｍedicｉnｅmay cａuse fingerpｒiｎｔs to dｉsaｐpear．?Eventuaｌly，thｅSinｇapｏｒeｔraveleｒmaｄe ｉt into the UniteｄStatｅs．Ｉguess the name on ｈｉs passpoｒｔｄｉdn't ｒａisｅaｎy ｒed fｌags。Bｕt he'S also now got thｅeｘｐlanａtory doctor'ｓnotｅ-and ｗoｎ’t lｅａve homｅ＿__＿___（6２)it．

Bｙｔhe way，maybe tｈe Ｆｏod aｎd ＤrｕｇAdmｉnisｔratioｎ（美国食品药物管理局），＿____＿_＿_＿__(63）ａｐproｖed ｕse ｏf ｔhe dｒug 11 yｅars ａgo,should cｏnsｉder updatingｉts liｓt ofｓide ef ｆeｃts_＿＿____（６４）with tｈis ｍeｄｉcine．The currenｔｌiｓt doｅs noｔｅthat ｐatienｔs mａy expｅrience voｍiting(呕吐）,stomach paiｎanｄｓｏme ｏther sｉde efｆects.Buｔno where____＿_____(65）ｉt mｅｎtion thｅpoteｎtial for loss ｏf ｆinｇerｐrｉnｔs．

51．Ａ.ｒelｅaｓed B．suggesｔed Ｃ.acｃeｐｔｅd Ｄ。detｅcｔed?52．A.pｒｏblｅｍ B.gap Ｃ。si ｃkness D.secｒet

５３．Ａ.cuｔ B.ｔｒｅaｔC.find Ｄ。smｏotｈ

5４.A．ｄｉｅｔB.exerｃｉｓeＣ。ｒｅｃｏvｅry D．druｇ?55．A．inＢ。foｒC．at Ｄ．ｆro ｍ?５6．Ａ.differeｎt B。stranｇeＣ．inteｒesｔing D。distinｃtiｖe?57。A．good B。siｄe C.nor ｍal D．main

5８。A．HｏweｖeｒＢ。Mｅanwｈｉle C.Henｃe D.Yeｔ?５9.A．chancｅB.ｍark Ｃ．loss D.ｄanger?６0.Ａ．ｒeporｔs Ｂ．discoｕｒage C.cａｕtions D．praｉｓe

6３．A.

61．Ａ．nｏｔe B．ｎame C．bｏok D．nuｍbeｒ?62.A．ｏn Ｂ．out C．wｉthouｔD．off?

ｗho B．wｈeｎC．ｗhicｈD．ｗhere

64．Ａ。collecteｄＢ。cｏpiｅd C.aｓsociaｔｅｄD．teｓtｅd?6５。A。must B．doｅs C．caｎＤ．shoul ｄ

2０１0年全国职称英语理工类（B级）考试参考答案

1.A [解析］Paｔｒiｃia生气的瞪着其他的女孩。resｅntｍent愤恨。如:He shows no

第１部分：词汇选项?

ｒesentmenｔto anyoｎe．他不怨恨任何人.ａｎger愤怒.最符合题意。如：I cannot cｏnｔrol mY ａngｅr．我无法控制自己的愤怒。doubt怀疑.如:Theｒｅｉｓno ｄoubt thａｔwe ｗilｌｂe sｕccｅssfuｌ.毫无疑问我们会成功。ｌove爱。如：Love coｎquｅrs ａｌl．爱能战胜一切。surpriｓe惊奇。如:What a pｌeasant suｒp ｒise ｔhｉng!多惊喜的事情呀!?2．A[解析]这一文件由卫生部拟写。ｃompile编辑、编写。如:compｉle an encvｃlopeｄia编辑一本百科全书。write写.最符合题目。如:Hｅhasｗritteｎmａnｙboｏks.他写过很多书。prinｔ印刷。如：ｐrint tｈe final ｃopy of your essａy打印作文的终稿.attaｃh系，贴.如：atｔaｃh a labe ｌtｏtｈe producｔ给商品贴上商标。ｓeｎｄ送.如:Ｈe sent heｒsoｍｅfｌoｗeｒｓ。他给她送了些花。

３．Ｄ［解析］他花费多年培养对艺术的学识。ｃulｔｉvate培养。如：I wiu ｃuｌtivatｅthe ｈａbｉt of ｌaｕｇhter.我要培养笑的习惯。ｓhare分享。如：Ｗｅuｓeｄtｏshaｒe eveｒythｉnｇ．我们曾经分享一切。ｕse使用.如：ｕse yｏuｒmｉnd动动脑子。deny否定。如:Cａn yｏｕdenｙtheｔruth oｆhｉsｓtatemeｎt?你能否认他的声明的真实性吗?develop发展。最符合题意。如：develoｐa loｖｅｆor mｕsｉc培养对音乐的喜爱.

4．Ａ[解析］在解决这些社会问题上我们看到了明显的转变。mａrked明显的。如：mａｒｋｅd ｉncreas ｅs明显的增长。clear清晰的.最符合题意。如：a cｌear explａｎatioｎ清晰的解释。reｇular规律的。如:ｒegula ｒｈeartbeats规律的心跳.ｑuicｋ迅速的.如:a quｉｃk ａnswｅｒ迅速的回答.gｒeat伟大的。如:a greａt care ｅr伟大的事业。?5．Ａ［解析］她的父亲话语不多,举止优雅。graceful优雅的。如：Ｔhe danｃer ｗａs li ｇht anｄgｒacｅful。舞者的舞姿轻盈优美。polｉｔe有礼貌的。最符合题意。如：a polite ｂehavior有礼貌的行为。ｓiｍilaｒ类似的。如：a word oｒphraｓe ｏf similar ｍeanｉｎｇ意义相近的词或词组。ｕsｕal通常的。如：Hiｓｓpeech fｏllowed the usual ｐaｔtern。他按照通常的方式讲话。bad坏的.如：a bad hａbｉt坏习惯。来源：wｗw．exaｍdａ．cｏm

６.A[解析］我想给儿子们提供体面的教育。ｄeceｎt体面的。如：dｅcenｔｃlothes体面的服装。gooｄ好的。最符合题意.如：gooｄｅｎvironmenｔ良好的环境.speｃｉal特别的。如:Tｈis isａｓpｅｃial occａsion．这是一个特殊的场合.private隐私的.如：Ｆans aｒe ａlwａｙs curiｏus aboｕt ｔhe singer'ｓprivａte life。歌迷

7。A[解析]在这个总对歌星的私人生活感兴趣。gｅneｒal普遍的。如:tｈe geneｒａl reａders一般的读者。?

过程中，光能会转换成热能。ｃｏnｖerｔ转换.如:coｎｖeｒｔiron ｔｏstｅｅｌ变铁为钢。change改变.最符合题意。如：ｃhａnge from ａｎｅmpｔy spacｅｔｏａｂｕsy area从空地变为繁华地区。reｄuｃｅ减少。如:reｄｕｃe thｅcｏｎsumption oｆfueｌ减少燃料消耗。leａve留下。如：He leｆt thｅbook on theｄesk．他把书留在桌上.ｄrop掉落。如:Ａbottｌe droppｅd on the flｏｏr aｎｄsｍashed。瓶子落地摔碎了。?8. Ａ[解析］许多城市限制在公共场合抽烟。restricｔ限制。如:The trｅｅs reｓtｒｉct our view。这些树局限了我们的视野。liｍit限制。最符合题意。如：He must limit tｈe numｂer of cｉgareｔｔes hｅｓmｏkes．他必须限制抽烟的数目。allow允许。如:Please allow me to express my wａrm welcome to ｏｕr guesｔｓ．请允许我向来客表示热烈的欢迎.ｓtoｐ停止。如:Ｓtop tａｌking．别说话。keeｐ保持。如：kｅep silenｃe保持沉默。

9．C[解析］如果我留下,能有多大可能得到提拔？ｐromｏtｉoｎ升职。如:MaｙＩoffer mｙｃonｇrat ｕlａtioｎs on your pｒomotｉon？请允许我为您的晋升向您道贺。retirement退休。如：Your retiｒｅment is

reallｙａｇrｅａt disapｐoｉntmｅnt ｔo mｅ.您退休了,真是令我非常失望。advertisemｅnt广告。如：This advertiseｍent will cａptuｒeｔｈｅattenｔion of TＶauｄieｎｃes。这广告将引起电视观众的注意。advａn ｃemenｔ晋升。最符合题意。如：Ｈiｓaｄvaｎcemｅnt to the poｓitｉoｎof manaｇer wａs ｇreeteｄwith enthusｉａsm．他被提升为经理，大家都为之欢呼。ｒeplaｃement代替.如：Tｈｅy haｖe got a repｌaｃement for him。他们把他替换下来。

10．Ｄ［解析]如果现在出发就能避免交通高峰。misｓ错过。如：I miｓsed brｅaｋｆastｔhiｓｍoｒnｉnｇ．今早我错过了吃早饭.dirｅcｔ指挥。如：Ｓｈe directｅd ｔheｐlａｎnｉng ｏf the ｆestival.她统管节日安排。ｓtoｐ停止.如：Ｓｔop ｔalｋｉng．别说话。mix混合.如:Mix wａtｅr aｎd flｏuｒ．将水和面粉混合。avoid避免。最符合题意。如：Aｖｏid maｋing any noise.避免制造任何噪音。?11．Ｄ［解析］他讲完后有一阵意味深长的沉默.pｒｏfound意义深远的。如:Whａt she hａs to say is verｙpｒofouｎd.她说的话很有意义。ｐrｏud骄傲的。如：a prouｄwinｎer骄傲的胜利者.short短暂的。如：a ｓhｏrt jｏｕrｎey短暂的旅行。sudden 突然的。如：ａsuｄden attaｃk突袭。deep深刻的。最符合题意。如:ａdeepｉmpressiｏn深刻的印象.

1２。D[解析］我喜欢这出戏，它有巧妙的情节和风趣的对话。fｕnｎy有趣的.如：ａfunny story有趣的故事。long长的。如：loｎg ｈａir长发.boring枯燥的。如：ａboｒｉng person无聊的人.ｏriｇiｎal最初的。如:Ｓtick to the oｒiｇinａl plaｎ．坚持原计划。ｈｕｍoroｕｓ幽默的。最符合题意。如:Thｅfilm iｓｈumo ｒｏｕsａｎd movｉnｇ．这部电影风趣又动人。

13．Ａ[解析]贼最终在距村子两英里的地方被抓住.caｐture捕获。如：cａptｕｒe territories ｂy fｏｒce of ａrms争城夺地。catｃh抓住。最符合题意。如:Earｌy bｉrdsｃａtｃｈwｏｒmｓ。早起的鸟儿有虫吃。kiｌl杀害。如：Ｈe was kilｌｅｄin a car acciｄent.他丧命于一场车祸.find发现。如：Ｈaｖe you founｄｙｏur ｋeｙ？找到钥匙了么？jail监禁。如：He ｗas jaileｄlaｓｔmontｈ．他上月被监禁.

1４.C ［解析］建立这样的数据库成本会非常高。set up建立。如：ｓeｔup an organizaｔiｏn成立一个组织.trａnsfeｒ转移。如：He wａs trａnsfefred to anｏther dｅpartmｅｎｔ．他调到另一个部门了。desｔroy破坏。如:Tｈe houses wｅre des~oyeｄin an eartｈquake.房屋在地震中毁坏。ｅｓtａｂlｉsh成立。最符合题意。如:His gｒanｄfathｅr estabｌiｓhed ｔｈｅｆａmilyｂｕsiness in 1９2０。他的祖父在1920年成立了这个家族企业。uｐdate更新。如：Have yｏu updateｄthｅstatisｔｉcｓin thｅｒｅpoｒt？你把报告中的数据更新了么？?15．A [解析］两家银行已宣布了明年合并的计划。mｅｒｇe联合。如：Roveｒis to ｍeｒge wｉth ｔhe BMW．罗佛要和宝马公司合并。combｉnｅ合并.最符合题意。如：cｏmbineｔｈeories witｈｐｒactical exＩ）ｅrｉｅnces将实践经验和理论相结合。sｅｌl出售。如：Ｈow canｙoｕｓeU suｅh ａn old caｒ?t你怎样能将这辆老车卖出去？clｏsｅ关闭。如:Cloｓe thｅdooｒplease。请关门。ｂrｅａk打碎。如。bｒeak ａvase打破花瓶。

第２部分:阅读判断?１６.Ｂ[解析］本题给出的信息是错误的。原文是:＂Ａtｌｅastｓｅｖen aｃtive fａult liｎｅｓrun ｔｈrouｇh tｈe Sａn FranｃiＳCO ａrea．"

1７.Ｃ［解析]文章没有谈到这方面信息。文章只提到19０6年地震破坏性大，没说是最严重的.?18。A [解析]本题给出的信息是正确的。原文是:"Duｒｉnｇbｉgger quakｅs,bａowever，ｒuｐtuｒｅｓｃaｎｌaａp ｐｅn atｒates fａｓter than ３。5 kｉｌｏmeters peｒsｅcona.”由于1906年洛杉矶地震属于大地震,因此本句＂1906年洛杉矾地震断层最高速度超过每秒３。５公里”是正确的。?19．Ｂ[解析]本题给出的信息是错误的。原文是:”Ｒecoｒcls sｈow thａt ｅaｒtｈqｕａｋes ｗｅreｃommon befｏre １9０6．"?20．Ｂ［解析]本题给出的信息是错误的。原文是:"sｔiｌl，morｅtｈan 84peｒcｅnt of the city's buildingｓare old and weak．"既然大多数房屋不能抵挡地震，那么洛杉矶并没有为地震的来临做好准备。来源:考试大?21．C［解析］文章没有谈到这方面信息.

２2．A[解析］本题给出的信息是正确的。原文是:"Aｃcordｉng to ｔhe nｅw ｒeseａrch,howeｖer，it’s not a mａtter of＇iｆｔｈｅBig 0neｗilｌｈiｔ'．It's jusｔa maｔtｅr of wｌｌeｎ．"既然问题是＂地震什么时候会发生＂，那么这一地震是无法避免的了。

参考译文?大地震就要来了？

住在旧金山的人都知道海湾地区地震高发，而且具有毁坏性。例如１90６年的地震毁坏了28０00座建筑,让成百上千的人丧命.现在这里的居民想知道下次＂大地震＂到来的时间，它在某天必定会发生。现在至少有七条活

跃的断层线穿过旧金山。断层是地壳破裂面互相移动形成的。当这些破裂面滑动时地震就发生了。?为了迎接那一天,科学家用新技术重新分析1906年的地震，并估计下次地震有可能造成的破坏。

关于1９06年地震的一个新发现是圣安德烈亚斯断层分裂的速度比当时科学家认为的要快。小地震发生时断层以每秒2。7公里的速度断裂。然而在大地震时断层断裂速度每秒可超过3。５公里。?在如此高速下聚集了大量压力，并产生比地震本身破坏性更强的地下波。洛杉矶算幸运的，１9０6年这些压力脉冲游离了该城.尽管破坏很严重，但总算避免了更糟糕的后果。?展望未来，科学家在估计下次大地震什么时候发生。记录显示19０6年前地震频发。自此,地震相对减少.然而数据模式显示2032年前一场大地震袭击湾区的可能性至少有62%。

旧金山的新建筑即使在地震中也是完全安全的，但城里超过8４%的旧建筑仍是不坚固的。分析家暗示再来一次大地震会造成大面积破坏.?居民觉得住在旧金山是安全的,因为很长一段时间来都很平静。然而根据新的研究，问题已不再是”是否将会发生大地震"，而是"什么时候它会来＂。

第3部分:概括大意与完成句子

23．A ［解析］本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是天然气被广泛应用以及各种用途。?2４。D［解析]本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是天然气是现有能源中最安全和最干净的。?２5．Ｆ[解析]本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是美国消费天然气的情况。?２６。B ［解析］本题考查的是对所读材料大意与主旨的掌握。本段中心意思是世界上天然气的储存和供应情况.

２7．B [解析］本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解.依据是第一段的第一句”Naｔｕrａl gaｓｉs ｐrｏcducｅd fｒｏm reseｒＶoirs deeｐｂｅneaｔh the ｅarth’s SＵTｆace.”?28．Ｆ［解析]本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第二段的第四句"Iｎfacｔ，nａtural ｇas isｔhe mosｔｅｃonｏmｉｃaｌsoｕｒce for lｌｏｍe energy neeｃls,cｏsｔiｎg one-tｈｉｒd ａｓｍuｅh ａs electrｉcity"．?２9．Ｅ［解析］本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解.依据是第二段的第五句话”Ｉn addi ｔion to heatｉng homｅs，mｕｃh of ｔhe gａs usecｌin the ＵniteｄStates ｉs usｅｃl ａs ａraｗmateｒｉal to mamrｆlａcture a wide varietｙof ｐrｏdｕｃts，froｍpainｔ，ｔo fiｂers for cｌothing,to plast ｉcs fｏr ｈealｔlａｃare，comｐuｔiｎｇanclｆumｉshings．"?3０。Ｃ［解析]本题考查的是对阐述文章的主旨事实与细节的了解。依据是第四段的最后一句”Ｔｈe U.Ｓ. Ｄeparｔment 0f Ｅnｅｒｇy's Enｅrｇy Inforｍatiｏn Admｉnisｔraｔｉon foreｃasts tｈat nａturａl gaｓｄｅmａncl wilｌgｒow by more tｌlaｎ５0perceｎt by 2025．"

参考译文

天然气

天然气深深储藏在地球表面下方，它属于矿物燃料，是埋藏在地球上百万年的有机物产生的。天然气的主要构成是甲烷。

过去50多年，随着管道基础建设能将气体便利、经济的输送到世界各地的居住区、商业和工业用户,天然气受欢迎程度和使用迅速增长。如今全美50州都有天然气服务，并且是美国家庭和工业燃料首选。超过6500万美国家庭使用天然气。事实上，天然气是最经济的家庭能源的来源，费用是电的1/3.除了家庭取暖,美国许多天然气被用作原材料，生产从油漆到服装纤维、保健用塑料制品、计算设备和家具等多种产品。天然气也被用在许多新的发电厂。?天然气是现有能源中最安全和最干净的。它释放的污染小于其他矿物燃料。天然气燃烧时主要产生二氧化碳和水蒸气-－与人呼气产生的物质相同.与其他矿物燃料相比,天然气燃烧时释放到空气中的二氧化碳最少,因此它是最洁净的燃烧矿物燃料。燃料的生产和分配必须按照联邦政府的规定，这样能确保向消费者提供安全干净的服务。?美国消费世界天然气出产量的三分之一，是世界上最大的天然气消费地区。美国能源部的能源信息行政部门预计天然气需求量到202５年会增长超过5０%。

地表下有大量的天然气储存。最大的天然气储存在俄罗斯、西非、北非和中东。过去的四十多年美国同时本土生产和进口液化天然气。现在进口液化气的国家主要有日本、韩国、法国和西班牙。

第４部分：阅读理解

第一篇

３１.C[解析]本题是细节考查题。题目是老年人经常运动有助于以下哪项.原文是第二段"对老年人的新研究

显示经常运动能让老年更集中精力”.选项A＂减肥";选项B”更愉快”；选项Ｃ”精力更集中";选项D"显得年轻＂。因此只能选C。

32．C[解析]本题是细节考查题。原文是第三段"以前的研究证明老鼠在轮子上奔跑数周后它们的学习、记忆和集中程度都有所提高。运动的老鼠大脑中的血液流量大于不运动的,而它们脑细胞的联系也更频繁.”选项A”更高的血压"；选项B"更快的心跳＂;选项C"有更多血液流经大脑";选项D"更好的外表＂。因此只能选C。?33．B[解析］本题是细节考查题.原文是第五段"研究员发现身体健康的成年人完成箭头测试的速度更快，他们的答案和身体状况不佳的参加者一样准确。＂选项Ａ＂身体状况不佳的参赛者完成箭头测试更快＂;选项Ｂ"身体健康的参赛者完成箭头测试的速度更快"；选项C"身体状况不佳的参赛者在箭头测试中答案更准确”；选项D"身体健康的参赛者在箭头测试中答案更准确＂.因此只能选Ｂ.?３4．D ［解析］本题是细节考查题。原文是第七

35.B［解析］本题是细节段”因此每两到三天仅仅出去散步１0到45分钟都会对健康有益。"因此只能选Ｄ。?

考查题.原文是最后一段＂不管你怎么做都不要一边走路一边读书,你有可能伤到自己的哦"。选项A＂一周跑一次步＂；选项B"不要同时走路和读书”与原文内容一致；选项C"每天散步"；选项Ｄ”运动时不要伤着朋友".因此答案选B”.?参考译文?步行健脑

你认为整日坐着学习就可以提高成绩么？想想吧.做做运动或许也有效呢。?对老年人的新研究显示经常运动能让老年人更集中精力。?以前的研究证明老鼠在轮子上奔跑数周后它们的学习、记忆和集中程度都有所提高。运动的老鼠大脑中的血液流量大于不运动的，而它们脑细胞的联系也更频繁.?来自Ｕrbana—Chａmpai ｇｎ大学的神经学家想要知道是否人类也会有同样的情况.首先，他们测量了41位5８岁到77岁的成年人行走1英里后的健康状况。然后让这4ｌ位参加者观看电脑屏幕上的箭头，用电脑操纵键指出箭头指向哪里.

研究员发现身体健康的成年人完成箭头测试的速度更快，他们的答案和身体状况不佳的参加者一样准确.有更多的血液流向健康参加者大脑中控制注意力和做决定的部分。?第二项试验中，已完成了一个六个月有氧训练课程的老年人在注意力测试中比另外14位只是做过同样时间的伸展和肌肉锻炼的老年人要更快.

因此每两到三天仅仅出去散步10到45分钟都会对健康有益.这对你的祖父母来说是个好消息。

运动对年轻人大脑的作用尚未有研究。不过,偶尔放下学习,和朋友们散散步、跑一跑还是有好处的。或许对学习大有裨益。?不管你怎么做都不要一边走路一边读书,你有可能伤到自己的哦。

3６．C ［解析］本题是细节考查题。原文在第二段”加州大学科学家周东环发现阿根廷蚂蚁的身体能第二篇?

向外释放一种化学物质告诉同伴：’我死了，把我挪走吧。'”选项A”含有毒物质的化学品"与原文不符;选项B”导致死亡的化学物质＂与原文不符；选项C"宣布死亡的化学物质"，符合原文；选项Ｄ＂阻止死亡的化学物质＂与原文不符，因此只能选Ｃ。

37.Ｃ［解析]本题是细节考查题。选项A"蚂蚁们很快知道有同伴死了＂符合原文内容：选项B"当有蚂蚁死了，其他同伴把它的尸体挪出蚁穴”符合原文内容;选项C＂有蚂蚁昏迷了,它会被拖出蚁穴”不符合原文内容,符合选项要求；选项Ｄ”活蚂蚁身上有’我活着'化学物质”，与原文相符.因此只能选C。

３8。D［解析]本题是细节考查题。选项A＂蚂蚁死后气味依然和活着时一样"与原文不符;选项B”’我已死'化学物在蚂蚁死后会消失”与原文不符；选项C”蚂蚁死后,'我还没死'化学物质留在尸体上”与原文不符；选项D"＇我没死'化学物质在蚂蚁死后会消失”与原文相符.因此只能选D.

3９．B ［解析]本题是阅读理解能力考查题。周的假设是当其他蚂蚁监测到＂我没死”化学物质消失了，而只有＂我死了＂物质，它们就将尸体拖走。而实验结果是当科学家用”我已死"化学物质时，蚂蚁们立刻将处理过的蛹拉走.当科学家使用"等等，我还没死"这一化学物质时，其他蚂蚁并不碰这个蛹。结果证明了周假设的正确性。选项A＂他的假设是错误的”，不符合原文；选项B"他的假设有说服力＂,符合原文;选项Ｃ＂他的假设需要修改”，

40．Ｄ［解析］本不符合原文；选项Ｄ”他没有发现有力的证据证明这一假设”,与原文不符。所以只能选Ｂ。?

题是阅读综合理解能力考查题。选项A＂一只蚂蚁怎样被移出蚁穴"不是文章主旨；选项B＂蚂蚁在晚上做什么"不是文章主旨；选项C”蚂蚁如何在黑暗中找到路”不是文章主旨;选项D＂蚂蚁死后会发生什么"符合文章内容.因此只能选Ｄ。?参考译文

蚂蚁的死亡

一只蚂蚁死后,别的蚂蚁会把它挪出蚁穴。科学家认为这一现象很有趣，他们想知道蚂蚁们如何迅速准确地得知有只同伴死了.

加州大学科学家周东环发现阿根廷蚂蚁的身体能向外释放一种化学物质告诉同伴：”我死了,把我挪走吧.＂

让周东环在研究中疑惑不解的是蚂蚁都像僵尸一般，不仅是死蚂蚁，活的蚂蚁也有这种死亡化学物质。换句话说，当一只蚂蚁在餐厅或家中爬行时,它就在告诉同伴他死了。?是什么令蚂蚁们并没有拖走活着的同伴？周发现阿根廷蚂蚁身体上有两种化学物质,这些物质能向周围的蚂蚁传达诸如＂等等，我还没死呢”这样的信息.因此,周的研究发现了两种化学物质信号。一种说明"我死了"，另一种说＂我还没死呢"。

其他科学家也试图发现蚂蚁如何知道一个同伴已经死去。如果一个蚂蚁昏迷了,其他蚂蚁能在它醒过来前不碰它.这意味着蚂蚁们知道没有动的同伴有可能仍然活着。?周指出，当一只阿根廷蚂蚁死后，发出"等等,我还没死呢”这一信号的化学物质立刻消失。一旦这种物质消失,就只有发出"我死了”的化学物质.周说,”这是因为死去的蚂蚁散发的味道不同于活着的蚂蚁，因而应该被带到坟墓去了。并不是因为蚂蚁在死后产生新化学物质。”当其他蚂蚁监测到”我没死”化学物质消失了，而只有"我死了”物质,它们就将尸体拖走。这是周的假设。

为了证明这一假设，周和他的团队将不同的化学物质涂在阿根廷蚂蚁的蛹上。当科学家用"我已死＂化学物质时，蚂蚁们立刻将处理过的蛹拉走。当科学家使用＂等等,我还没死＂这一化学物质时,其他蚂蚁并不碰这个蛹。周认为这一行为说明蚂蚁选择时，"还没死＂物质要优先于”死亡＂物质。而且当一只蚂蚁死后，＂还没死”化学物质逐渐消失。其他周围的蚂蚁才感觉到”死亡”物质，并将尸体拖离蚁穴。

第三篇

４1.C[解析]本题是细节考查题。冰人尸体被发现的原因在文章的第一段提到.选项A"两个德国人正在爬山”;选项Ｂ"他刚好在一个山口上＂;选项Ｃ”融化的冰将他暴露出来"；选项D”他躺在冰上”。因此只能选C。?42．A ［解析］本题是阅读理解能力考查题。能从第二段推断出的是以下哪项？选项Ａ”冰人有可能死于头部伤口”；选项B"冰人背后受袭击而致死”；选项c＂冰人工作时被杀害＂；选项D"冰人生活贫困＂。原文是”它面朝下,除了头部有伤外，骨架状况很好”,仅就此推断,冰人可能死于头部伤，因此答案是A。?43。B［解析]本题是细节考查题。原题是下列哪项不属于人们对冰人作出的种种猜测。原文在第三段。选项A＂他是一战时期的士兵"；选项C”他是一位瑞士妇女失踪多年的父亲”；选项Ｄ"他大约一千年前出生”均在该段中有所提及.选项Ｂ”他来自意大利＂在文章中没有出现。因此答案是B.

44．C[解析］本题是细节考查题.原题是科学家对冰人的推论是什么。原文在第四段.选项Ａ"他的肩膀被箭头刺伤＂是事实而非推论；选项B”皮肤上的小孔导致他的死亡"不符合事实;选项C＂有可能参与过战斗＂是推论;选项D＂头后部有伤口"是事实而非推论因此只能选C。

45．A [解析］本题是阅读理解能力考察题。第四段＂banｄits"是什么意思？选项A”强盗＂；选项Ｂ"射击手”；选项Ｃ＂士兵”;选项D"猎人"。只有选项A与其他三项意义相距甚远。因此只能选A。

参考译文

1991年九月的一天，两位德国人正在攀登奥地利和意大利之间的山脉。爬到一个山口它们发现了一具冰人?

躺在冰上的尸体.在这样的高度(10４99英尺或320０米)，冰通常是常年不化的。但是１９91年是特别暖的一年，山上的冰比从前消融的迅速,所以尸体才显露出来。

他面朝下,除了头部有伤外，骨架状况很好。骨头上依然有皮肤和残余的衣物。尸体双手仍然握着斧头的木柄，双脚穿着简单的由皮革和布料做的靴子,他附近有树皮做的一双手套和一个箭筒.?他是谁？他在什么时候怎样死去的？人人的解释都不同。有人认为他就是本世纪的人,有可能是一战时期阵亡的士兵，因为在这附近已经有士兵被发现了。一位瑞士妇女相信他是自己二十年前在这些山脉间去世的父亲,他的遗体一直没有被找到。赶去查看的科学家认为这一尸体可能更久远，它甚至有一千岁了。?科学家们运用最新的年代确定技术很快获悉这一冰人已有大约5３０0岁了。他大约出生在公元前3300年,生活在欧洲的青铜器时代。起初科学家们认为他有可能在高山间打猎时出事故而身亡.然而最近的一些证据显示不同。新型的X光表明他的肩膀上仍有一个箭头，皮肤上只有一个小孔，但却导致内部损伤和失血。几乎可以肯定他死于这个伤，而不是脑后的伤口。这说明他有可能参与过战争。这场战争有可能是大型战争的一部分或者其间他和强盗博斗过，甚至他本人就可能是强盗。

通过研究他的衣服和工具，科学家们就已经知道有关冰人生活的时代的很多内容。我们有可能永远无法知道他死亡的真相，但是他给我们提供了了解那个远古时代的重要线索.

第5部分：补全短文?４6．Ａ［解析］本题考查的是对上下文之间意义关系的理解和对文章细节的把握。上一句说到＂他允许他们自己制定薪水，但会削减他认为不必要的,比如像接待员和秘书这样的工作”,而下一句应该解释这种做法的原因。选项A说明”这样可以减少开支,并给公司带来更多平等",与上下文联系最紧密，因此选Ａ。

４7.C [解析]本题考查的是对段落主旨的理解和对文章细节的把握。本段主要讲ｓｅmler如何改造公司的外

表，而选项中只有Ｃ提到这方面的内容，”员工可以随意装饰自己的工作空间”放在这里是和前后两句话的并列。因此选C。

48.B[解析］本题考查的是对上下文之间意义关系的理解和对文章细节的把握.上一句说到"但如果Seｍcｏ在地球另一端的油泵坏了,上百万加仑的油即将注入大海时，Rｏbｉｎ就会立刻跳起来行动＂，下一句需要说到Ｒobin怎样行动，因此选项B”他了解关于我们公司油泵的任何事情，并能修理”最符合题目要求.

４9。F ［解析］本题考查的是对段落主旨的理解和对文章细节的把握.这一段讲述了Sｅmco给予员工的自由,而选项中只有F"Semcｏ也允许员工用公司的机器做自己的项目,并且一年至少能休假3０天"与此内容相关，因此选F。?50.E [解析］本题考查的是对上下文之间意义关系的理解。上一句说到同伴的压力让员工努力为他人工作，而下一句应具体解释这种压力如何发挥作用。选项E"如果有人表现不好。其他人会制止这一局面＂延续了这一句的内容。因此选E。

参考译文

Semeo?Riｃardo Semler21岁就做了父亲在巴西的公司Ｓemco的老板，该公司出售轮船部件.小semler 是个工作狂,每天从早上七点半工作至深夜。一天下午，他在纽约参观工厂时晕倒了，治疗医生说：＂你身体没有什么毛病，但你若一直这样工作，你会长期待在医院的。”ｓemler听从了医生的话。他改变了自己的工作方式，事实上也改变了员工的工作方式。?他让员工担负更多责任,让他们为事情偏离轨道而担忧。他允许他们自己制定薪水，并且削减他认为不必要的，比如像接待员和秘书这样的工作。这样可以减少开支，并给公司带来更多平等。Ｓemco的每个人，甚至高管都要自己接待客人、复印、发传真、打字和打电话。

他完全改造了seｍco:办公室没有墙，而是植物，因此老板不能与其他人隔开。员工可以随意装饰自己的工作空间。制服方面，则有人穿西装，有人穿体恤。

Ｓeｍler说：”我们有个坐在那里看几个小时报纸的销售经理，叫Rubin Aｇaｔｅr。他甚至不用去装着很忙碌的样子。但如果Ｓemco在地球另一端的油泵坏了,上百万加仑的油即将注入大海时,Rｏbin就会立刻跳起来行动.他了解关于我们公司油泵的任何事情，并能修理。那就是他挣工资的时候.别人并不关心其他时间他是否看上去忙忙碌碌。＂?Sｅｍｃo有弹性工作时间：员工自己决定什么时候来上班，并且一年要两次评估老板。Sem ｃo也允许员工用公司的机器做自己的项目，并且一年至少能休假3０天。

听上去很好?但这一切都起作用了么?答案在数字中：在过去的六年里，Semco的收入从三千五百万美元上升到两亿一千二百万美元。公司员工数量从八百增长到三千。为什么会发生这一切？?Ｓｅｍlｅr认为这是因为＂同伴的压力"。同伴的压力让员工努力为他人工作。如果有人表现不好，其他人会制止这一局面。换句话说,Rica ｒｄo semler给员工以成人的待遇，并希望他们有成人的行为。他们都做到了。

第6部分：完形填空?５1。A［解析］release公布；suggeｓt建议；accept接受;detｅct探测。根据下文内容,

52．Ａ［解析]ｐrｏｂlem问题;g印间隙；sicknes 这里应该是”一个被肿瘤学年报在网上公布的信件”，因此选A.?

53。Ｂ［解析]cut ｓ疾病；ｓecrｅt秘密。根据下文内容，这里应该是＂失去指纹会带来多大麻烦＂，因此选A.?

裁剪；trｅａt治疗;ｆind发现；smootｈ磨光.本句意思是"一个新加坡籍的医学博士描述了用卡培他滨治疗一位患鼻咽癌的6２岁老人的经历"。因此选Ｂ。

54．Ｄ［解析]dieｔ饮食;exｅrciｓe锻炼;recovery康复;druｇ药品,最符合题意。本句意思是＂经过这个药物

55.Ｂ[解析］介词for在这里指＂持续……时间”。本句意思是＂他被美国海关人三年的治疗后”。因此选D。?

员拦截了4小时之久”。因此选B.?56．D ［解析]ｄifｆｅreｎt不同的；strange奇怪的；intｅｒestiｎg有趣的；distinctiｖe独特的,最符合题意，指人手指上特有的旋涡状的指纹。本句意思是＂因为在他的食指上没有独特的旋涡状的指纹标记”。因此选D.?

57．B [解析］本题考查词组ｓide efｆect副作用。Good好的；ｎoｒmal 正常的;ｍaiｎ主要的。本句意思是＂药物治疗的一个潜在的副作用就是会使指尖上的肉垫组织变光滑”。因此选B。

58。Ｃ［解析]ｈｏweｖer但是,表示转折；ｍeａnwhilｅ同时;hence因此，后面可以直接跟名词而独立成句，如：Ｉfｅlｌoff my bikｅｙeｓterｄay henｃe tｈe ｂrｕiseｓ。我昨天骑自行车摔倒了，所以青一块、紫一块的;yeｔ仍然，还.本句意思为”药物治疗的一个潜在的副作用就是会使指尖上的肉垫组织变光滑，因此会没有指纹"。因此选Ｃ。?59．Ｃ［解析］chance机会；ｍark记号；loss消失；dａnger危险.本句的意思是"对于服用卡培他滨的病人来说，指纹何时会消失是不确定的＂。因此选C.

60．C［解析］reｐorl报告；ｄiscouｒage使气馁；ｃautｉoｎ警告；pｒａｉse赞美.本句意思是”所以他警告

每位医师在给病人开药时要给病人开具他们的药物可能会使指纹消失的证明单"。因此选C.?

6１．Ａ［解析］nｏtｅ票据,单子；name姓名；booｋ书本；number数字。本句意思是＂给病人开具他们的药物可能会使指纹消6２．C ［解析]本句意思是"但是他同样要带有医师开的证明单—-并且要随身携带”.失的证明单”.因此选Ａ。?

63。C[解析］本句需要选一个关系代词引导非限定定语从句，并做定语从句的主语，因此只能选C，withｏｕr.?

因此只能选C,whiｃh。本句意思是＂美国食品和药物局已经准许这一药物的使用有1１年之久了”。

64.Ｃ[解析］cｏllect收集；cｏｐy模仿;associａｔe联系;ｔｅst测验。本句意思是"应该考虑更新与该药物有关的副作用清单”。

65.B [解析］本句是时间状语nｏｗ}lere提前构成的部分倒装句，谓语要由助动词ｄoｅs放在主语前.本句意思是＂但是却没有提及失去指纹的潜在危险。”因此选B。

参考译文?指纹消失事件?一种非常有效的抗癌药物能够清除箩状指纹和其他使指纹与众不同的标志。失去指纹可是会有很大麻烦.一封被肿瘤学年报在网上公布的信件说明了失去指纹会带来多大麻烦。

Eng—Huat ｒan，一个新加坡籍的医学博士描述了用卡培他滨治疗一位患鼻咽癌的６２岁老人的经历.经过这个药物三年的治疗后，这位病人去年十二月份决定去美国拜访亲戚。在他进入这个国家后,他被美国海关人员拦截了4小时之久，因为这些官员无法从他身上获取指纹。在他的食指上没有独特的旋涡状的指纹标记。

"美国海关数年以来一直都会采集来访外国人的指纹,”Taｎ说："不幸的是，对于这位新加坡旅行者来说,药物治疗的一个潜在的副作用就是会使指尖上的肉垫组织变光滑，因此会没有指纹。"

"对于服用卡培他滨的病人来说，指纹何时会消失是不确定的，"Tan指出.所以他警告每位医师在给病人开药时要给病人开具他们的药物可能会使指纹消失的证明单。

最终，那位新加坡旅客终于进入了美国.我猜想他护照上的名字没有带有任何危险信号。但是他同样要带有医师开的证明单－-并且要随身携带。

顺便提一下,美国食品药物管理局已经准许这一药物的使用有1１年之久了，应该考虑更新与该药物有关的副作用清单。现有的副作用清单中确实列出病人会经历呕吐、胃痛和其他副作用，但是却没有提及失去指纹的潜在危险。

２0０9年全国职称英语考试理工类Ｂ级真题

第１：词汇选项（第1～1５题，每题１分，共１5分）

下面每个句子中均有１个词或短语划有横线，请为每处划线１个意义最为接近的选项。?1Woul ｄ yｏｕ pｌease ｃall my ｈusband as soon as possibｌｅ?

A pｈｏｎe、B、visit、Ｃcｏnsuｌｔ、D、invite?２ We had a long convｅｒsaｔioｎ about heｒpa rentｓ。

A speech、B、qｕesｔion、C debate、D、tａｌk??３Thｅｃhａｉrｍａn pｒoposed thａt ｗe ｓt op the ｍｅetinｇ。

Ａ stated、B、ａnnoｕnced、C ｓｕggested、D、ｄeｍaｎded

4 Obｖｉoｕsｌy thｅse pｅopｌｅｃan be relied on in a criｓｉs.?Ａdepeｎｄed on、Ｂ、ｌived on、C ｂｅliｅvｅd ｉn、Ｄ、joined ｉn

5 There iｓ always ｅxcitemenｔ at ｔhe Ｏｌympic Ｇames when an athｌetｅ breａks a reｃｏr ｄ。?A ｍaintaiｎs、B、bｅatｓ、、、C ｍatcｈes、、D、tries?６ All the puｐils seｅm to be ｖery ｃｈｅｅｒful.?A healthｙ、Ｂ、hａｐpｙ、、C naughty 、D、ｂusy?７Ｔhｅtｒaｄitｉonａl ｐai

ntings are exｈibited on the ｓｅcond floor。?Ａｄiｓpｌayｅd、B、laiｄ、、C ｋept、Ｄ、ｓtore d

8 Shｅstood ｔheｒｅ，ｓhａking ｗiｔh fury。?A misｅryB、laughter、Ｃcry、D、ａngeｒ

９Ｍａrｙ eviｄｅntly is tｈｅｍost dｉligeｎt studｅnｔ aｍong us

A intｅlｌigent、B、bｅauｔifｕl、、Ｃhaｒdｗorkinｇ、D、talkaｔive

10 Peｒsistent ａｔteｍpts to interｖiｅw Garｂo were fruitless.?Ａ、Forcefｕl、B Rｅａsｏｎab le、C、Firm、D Coｎｔiｎuoｕｓ11?Ｗhy can’t ｙou stop ｙour eterｎal compｌaｉning?

Ａ loｎg、B、everlasｔinｇ、、C temｐorａry、D、bｏｒing12?Ｈundreds of builｄings wｅrｅｗｒｅckｅｄｂy thｅeaｒthqｕaｋe.?Ａ dａmagｅd、、B、sｈａken、、Ｃfaｌlen、D、ｊumpeｄ13?Ｔｈe ｓe pａiｎtings ａre coｎsidereｄｂｙmaｎy ｔo be ａuｔheｎｔic．?、Ａfaｉthful、Ｂ、roｙal、C sｉncerｅ、D、gｅｎuine14?Manｙecｏnｏmiｓts haｖｅgiveｎiｎto tｈe fatａl lｕre ｏf ｍａｔhematics.

15 Ten ｙｅars aｆteｒ the ｅｖｅnt， her Ａ sｉmｐlicity、B、attraｃｔｉoｎ、C power、D、ｒigor?

dｅath sｔｉｌl remaｉns ａ pｕzｚｌe

、A misｔ、B、fog、、C ｓecrｅｔ、Ｄ、ｍｙsteｒy

第2：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请短文的内容对每个句子判断:该句的是信息，请选择A;该句的是错误信息，请选择B;该句的信息文中提及，请选择C。

Radiｏｃarbon Daｔinｇ

Nｏｗadays ｓcieｎtｉsｔs ｃan ansｗｅｒ mａny questiｏns abouｔ tｈe past ｔhrougｈａ tｅch ｎiqｕe caｌｌed radiocarｂｏn （放射性碳)， or carbｏn－14, dａtinｇ. One kｅy to undｅｒsｔan ｄinｇｈoｗaｎd by somｅtｈｉnｇhappeｎeｄ iｓｔo discover ｗhen ｉt ｈａpｐened。

Radioｃａrbon datiｎg was develｏped in the lａte 1940s ｂy physicist Ｗｉlｌard F． Libｂy at he Univerｓity of Cｈｉcagｏ。An atom ｏf ｏｒｄinａｒy ｃarbon, caｌｌed carbon—１2, ｈas ｓix proｔonｓ（中子）ａnd six neutroｎs （质子） iｎ its ｎｕcleｕs. Carｂoｎ—14, or C—14，is a ｒadiｏactiｖe, unstａblｅ fｏrm ｏf caｒboｎ tｈat ｈas tｗo ｅｘtrａneutrons (原子核)。 It rｅturns to ａmore staｂle form ｏｆ carbｏn ｔhrｏugh a proｃeｓs cａlled decａｙ（衰减）． Thiｓ process invoｌves tｈｅ lｏss ｏf he extra ｎeutrons aｎd enｅrgy ｆrｏm th e nucleｕs。??In Ｌibbｙ’ｓrａdiocarbｏn ｄating techniqｕe，ｔhe weak radioactiｖe emisｓｉo ｎｓ (放射）fｒｏm hiｓ decaｙ process are ｃounｔｅd by instruｍents such ａs a ｒａdｉａtio ｎｄeteｃtor ａｎｄcｏuntｅr． he dｅｃay ｒａtｅ is useｄ to determinｅ the pｒopｏrtioｎ

ｏｆ C-1４ａtoms iｎ the sampｌｅ being dated。

Caｒｂon-14 is ｐｒoｄucｅd in tｈe Eａrｔh's ａｔmosphere whｅn ｎitrogeｎ (氮）-1４， or N —14,?interactｓ wｉth cｏsmic ｒays （宇宙射线)。Ｓcienｔists bｅlｉeｖe siｎcｅ the Eaｒth ｗas formeｄ，the mｏuｎt of ｎiｔrｏgen iｎ the ａtｍｏｓｐhｅre hａｓ remａｉned consｔａｎt. Conｓｅquｅntｌy, Ｃ—1４ forｍation is thoｕgｈｔ tｏ oｃcuｒ at ａconstaｎt ｒaｔe. N ow tｈe rａtiｏ of C—14 to ｏtheｒｃarbon ｔomｓｉn the aｔmospherｅ is ｋnown。 Mｏst sc iｅｎtists agｒee ｔｈat tｈｉs ratio is ｕｓｅfuｌ fｏr dating itemｓ bａck to at leasｔ50，０0０ｙears.

?Aｌｌ life on Earｔh iｓ made of orgａnic molecｕles (分子) that cｏnｔａin carbon atoms coｍi

ng from ｔhｅａtmoｓpherｅ. Ｓo ａlｌ living things havｅ aｂout tｈe sａmｅｒatiｏ of C —14?atｏms ｔo ｏther cａrboｎ aｔｏmｓ iｎtheiｒtissueｓ（组织). Onｃｅａｎoｒganisｍ（有机体) diｅs it tops ｔakｉｎg ｉn carboｎin any fｏrm，ａnｄｔhe C-14 alreａｄｙ pr ｅsent begｉｎs to dｅcay。 Over tｉme the amｏuｎt oｆC-14 iｎthe materiaｌ deｃreasｅs，a nd tｈe raｔio ｏｆ C-１4 to ｏtheｒcarbon tｏmｓ goeｓｄｏwn. Ｉn ｔerms of radiｏcarbon da ting, ｔｈe fｅweｒ C—１4 ａtｏmｓｉn ａｓample, thｅoldｅr tｈat sａmple is。?

１6 Noｗａｄaｙs ｍany ｓciｅntｉsts deｐeｎd oｎ radiocaｒbon for ｄａtiｎg aｇe-ｏld ｏbｊeｃｔs

A、Riｇht、B Wrong、C、Not menｔioｎed、

17 Ｔhe ｒadｉｏｃaｒｂon datinｇtechｎiｑue is ｏnly ａｂoｕt 40 ｙears oｌｄ?A、Rｉght、ＢW

18 An atｏm ｏf ordinary caｒbon has six ｐrotoｎs and eight ｎeut roｎｇ、C、Ｎot mｅntｉoned?

ｒonｓ

A、Riｇht、B Ｗｒｏng、C、Not ｍentioned

19 Radaｒis used tｏ deteｒｍine thｅ chａractｅｒistｉcs of radｉoｃarｂｏn

A、Ｒｉght、ＢWrｏｎg、C、Ｎｏt mentioｎed?２0 Raｄiocarbｏn iｓｒelｉａｂle in ｄating ａn o bjecｔｂack to at least ５0，000 years。?Ａ、Ｒiｇｈｔ、B Wｒonｇ、Ｃ、Not menｔiｏｎｅd?2１ Th

e C—14 in ａn oｒganｉsｍ beｇins to decaｙｗheｎ it ｄies

22 The ｈalf-ｌife ｏf Ｃ—14 iｓ aｂout 25,０00 yeａr Ａ、Ｒight、Ｂ Wrong、C、Nｏt mｅntioned?

s.?A、Rｉｇht、ＢＷrong、C、Nｏt meｎtioｎed

第３:概括大意与句子(第2３～3０题,每题1分，共８分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（１)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第1～４段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第２7～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子1个最佳选项。

Chiｍpanzees

1 Chimpanzeeｓ（黑猩猩）ｗｉｌl soon be ｅxtｉnｃt (灭绝)．Iｆthe pｒｅsenｔ raｔe of huntｉng and habiｔａt （栖息地) ｄesｔruｃｔiｏn continｕes，ｔｈｅn ｗiｔhｉn 20 ｙｅａrs, there will bｅ no chimpanzeeｓ living iｎｔhe wild。 But this ｉｓｍｏre thａｎ an eｎｖirｏｎmｅntａl or moraｌtｒagedy ?(悲剧）。 Chｉｍpanzｅe ｅxtincｔｉｏn may aｌso ｈaｖe ｐrｏfo unｄ imｐｌiｃatiｏｎs (含意) for the surｖｉｖal oｆ their diｓｔａnｔ relativeｓ－ｈumaｎb ｅiｎgs。

2 In 1975 tｈe biologiｓt Maｒie－Clａirｅ King and Allaｎ Wilsoｎ discoｖｅrｅd thaｔ tｈe

hｕmａn and ｃhimpaｎzee ｇenoｍｅs （基因组） maｔｃｈ bｙ oｖer ９8％。Ｃomparｅｔhｉs to the mousｅ, uｓed as ｍｏｄel for human diseａse in ｌaｂ testｓ, which shａres only 60% o f iｔs DNA ｗith us. In ｆａct， chｉｍpanzｅｅs ａre far ｍore similar to ｈumans thaｎ tｈey are ｔo aｎy othｅr sｐecｉes ｏf ｍonkeｙ。 As ｗell ａｓ rｅsemｂｌinｇ us geｎetiｃaｌlｙ，chimps are highly intelligｅnt aｎd able to ｕse tools。 These fａｃts aloｎｅ shｏuld be e nｏuｇｈ to mａke prｏtecｔiｏn of cｈimps an uｒgｅnt ｐｒｉoritｙ（优先). Bｕt ｔhere is an ｏther, more sｅlfiｓh reason ｔo ｐreserve thｅchimp。

３The ｃhimpaｎzees＇ trumｐ caｒd （王牌） cｏｍes iｎ tｈe field of ｍedical research。Ｃｈimpaｎzees ａrｅｓo simｉlar ｔｏ humans thａt ｖeｔeｒinaｒians （兽医） oｆten refｅｒ t ｏ hｕmａｎ mediｃal textbｏｏｋｓ wｈｅｎｔrｅating ｔhem. Ｙet chimpaｎzeeｓｄｏ sｈoｗｄif ｆerencｅs in seveｒal keｙａreaｓ． In ｐarticular，ｃｈiｍps aｒｅｍuｃh more resiｓtａnt

ｔo a number of major ｄiｓｅases。It is this ability that ｉs so inｔeresｔing.

4 For example, chimpｓｓeeｍtｏ sｈｏw a ｍuch ｈigheｒ resistance than ｈｕｍaｎs ｔo HI V， the vｉrus that cａusｅs AIDS。 Indeed, their use ａs ｅｘｐerimenｔａl anｉmals in ＡＩD Ｓ reｓｅaｒch hａｓ dｅcliｎeｄ because ｔｈｅｙ are ｓｏ reｓistanｔ.

5 By sequencｉｎｇｔhe cｈimp gｅnome and pinpoiｎｔｉnｇ（找到) thｅ place where the cｈim ｐａｎzｅｅ DNA sequence diffeｒs from that ｏf hｕmans，ｓcientists hｏpｅｔo be ａble t o dｉscover ｗhｉｃh part ｏf the ｇeneｔic code ｇives chimpｓ tｈeiｒ inｃreased ｒeｓiｓtａnc e ｔo some ｄiseases． Thｉｓ，ｔｈey hｏｐｅ, ｗill alloｗ them ｔo ｄevelｏp new and ｍｏre efｆeｃｔive treａtｍeｎｔs ｆor tｈe huｍａn ｆorms of theｓe ｄiseaｓeｓ． Such treａｔｍｅn

ts cｏｕld iｎｃlｕdｅ the ｐroductioｎ of new ｄｒugs or even tｈｅ alteration (）of t

ｈe human gｅnetic seｑuｅｎce. Thｅ rｅｃenｔly compｌｅｔed humaｎ genomｅ seｑuencｉng ｐro ject has ｓhown that ｓuｃh an effｏrt is now welｌwitｈin ｏuｒｒeaｃｈ.

23 Paraｇｒａph 1

24 Pａraｇｒaｐｈ２ 25?Parａgraｐh 3

26 Pａrａｇraph ４?A Gｅneｔic ｄiffereｎｃes ｂetwｅeｎ chimｐs ａnd huｍaｎs?ＢR easoｎs ｆor HＩＶresisｔance?C Imｐlications of ｃhimｐaｎzeｅｅxtinｃtioｎ fｏr huｍans

D Ｅffｅctivｅ AIDS tｒeatmeｎt

Ｅ Genetic ｓiｍilarｉtiｅｓ bｅtweｅn ｃhｉmps aｎd humans

F Chiｍps＇ reｓistance tｏ HＩＶ?

27 Ｃhｉmpａｎzee extiｎctｉｏn may affect

28 There ｉs ａ differeｎce of lｅｓｓ than 2％ bｅtween ｔｈｅｃｈimp anｄ2?９ Scien ｔists sｕｓｐect ｔhat genｅｓ。ＰlaY a signifｉcａnt role in proｔeｃｔing chimｐs from ge ttiｎｇ 30?The discovｅry of the genｅｔiｃ coｄe oｆ cｈimps wｉll be ｈｅlpful to ?Ａhealthieｒｌｉfｅstyle?B somｅ human dｉｓeａse ｔreａtmeｎts?C ｓomｅ dｉseases

Ｄhuman sｕrvivａl?E ｈuman geｎomeｓ

Ｆkeｙａreａｓ?第４：阅读理解（第31~45题,每题3分，共４５分）

下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道题。请短文内容，为每题１个最佳选项.

篇Water

Ｔhe ｓecond most ｉｍportanｔｃonｓｔｉtｕenｔ（构成成份） of the biｏsｐhｅrｅ（生物圈) ｉｓ liｑuｉd ｗａteｒ。 This can oｎlｙexist in a ｖｅｒy narrow range of temｐeratures， siｎce waｔeｒ freｅｚeｓ aｔ0℃ ａｎd boiｌｓ aｔ１00℃。 Lifｅas we ｋｎow ｉt ｗouｌｄ only be p oｓsiｂｌe ｏn thｅｓｕｒfaｃe of ａ pｌanｅt ｗhicｈｈａd ｔｅmperａturｅs sｏmewhere within tｈiｓ narrow rangｅ.?

The ｅａrtｈ＇s supplｙ oｆ water pｒoｂaｂｌy rｅmains ｆairｌy coｎstａnt ｉｎ quanｔity。T ｈｅ toｔal quantｉty of waｔer ｉs not knowｎ very accｕraｔeｌy， but it is about enoｕｇｈ to coveｒ thｅ sｕrfacｅ oｆ thｅ gloｂe to a deptｈ oｆabout ｔwo aｎｄ thrｅe—quartｅｒkiｌoｍeｔers. Ｍｏsｔ of it is iｎ tｈe fｏrm of ｔｈe sａlt ｗatｅｒ of tｈe ocｅaｎs - abou t ９７ per cｅnｔ。Ｔhe rest

iｓ fresh, but thｒeｅ—ｑｕaｒｔers of tｈｉs is ｉn the ｆｏrm ｏf iｃe aｔ the Poｌeｓ and on mountains，and caｎｎｏt be used by liviｎｇ sysｔemｓｕntｉl melteｄ. Ｏf tｈe ｒｅmaｉni ｎg fｒａcｔional whｉch iｓ soｍｅwhａt lesｓ than one per cent oｆ tｈe whole， thｅrｅiｓ

1０—20 times ａｓｍuch sｔｏｒeｄｕndｅrgroｕnd ｗater as there is ａctually oｎｔhe ｓｕrｆace. Tｈerｅ iｓalsｏ a tｉny，ｂut exｔｒeｍely impoｒtａｎｔfractｉｏｎ of the ｗa ter sｕpplｙwｈiｃｈis presｅnt as waｔer vapor in tｈe aｔmosphere．

?Wateｒ vapor iｎｔhe atmosphｅre is tｈe ｃhａｎｎel tｈｒｏugh wｈicｈ tｈe whole ｗａter cｉrculａｔion （循环) of tｈe biospｈeｒe ｈaｓ to pass. Water evapｏraｔed （蒸发） from t he ｓurfａcｅ of ｔhe oceaｎs, from ｌａkｅｓ and riverｓ anｄ from ｍoist （潮湿的) ｅａrth iｓａdｄed to ｉt． From iｔ the water comes out again as raiｎ oｒ snow，ｆalling ｏn eit ｈｅr the sea ｏr the land。 Tｈeｒe is, ａｓ miｇｈt bｅ eｘpected， a morｅｉntensivｅ evaｐo ｒａtｉｏn peｒ unit ａｒea ｏver ｔhe sｅａ and ocｅａns ｔhａn ｏveｒ the land，ｂｕt ｔheｒe is moｒe rａinfalｌｏveｒｔｈe laｎｄｔｈaｎｏvｅr tｈe oceanｓ, ａnd ｔｈe balanｃe iｓｒeｓtored by thｅ runoff fｒoｍ the ｌaｎd in thｅｆｏrm of rｉvers.

3１Lｉqｕid wａter onｌy exists?A iｎ tｈe center of the ｅaｒtｈ。、B ｏn tｈe suｒfａce of o ur ｐlaｎｅｔ．

C ｉn the coastａｌ aｒeaｓ of tｈe earｔh.、Ｄ in ａ verｙｎarｒoｗ range oｆteｍperatｕr

32 Tｈｅｔotaｌ qｕantｉty of ｗateｒ on Eａrth

ｅs.?

Ａhａｓgrｅａtly iｎｃreaｓed in ｒeｃent yｅaｒs。、B remａｉns ａｌｍｏst unchanｇeｄ.

C is deｃreaｓing cｏｎsｔaｎtlｙ.、

D is affecｔed by ｇｌoｂaｌ warmｉｎg.

33 Moｓｔｏｆ the fresｈ water ｏｎＥaｒｔh

A iｓ in the form of ｉｃｅａt ｔhｅＰolｅｓ and on ｍountaｉｎｓ?

B ｉs stored uｎdｅrg roｕnd．、

C ｉs found ｉｎ riverｓ and lａkeｓ.

Ｄ comｅs from ｔhe rain.

34 Tｈｅword ”fracｔion＂ｉｎ the sｅcond paragraph ｍeanｓ?Ａａlarge ａrｅａ。、B ａｖｅｒy ｓmall amｏｕｎt.、Ｃan important sysｔｅm。?D a mａjor ｓoｕrcｅｏｆ infoｒｍａtｉｏn

３5 Thｅｒe is moｒe ｏｆ rａinfａlｌ

A ｏｖer ｔhe mountains than oｖｅr the rｉvers．、

B ovｅｒ thｅrｉｖers thａn oｖｅr ｔhe m ｏuntains、Ｃovｅr the laｎd thaｎoveｒthe oceaｎs。、D ｏveｒｔhe oceａｎs tｈａn ｏver the laｎｄ．

篇Mind-reａdｉnｇ Macｈinｅ

Ａteam of researchers ｉn Calｉfoｒnia has deｖelopｅｄ a wａy to pｒｅdicｔwhａｔ kindｓｏf objectｓpｅople are lookinｇ aｔ by scanning （扫描）ｗhaｔ's hａpｐｅｎｉng in their brains．?

Wｈｅｎｙｏｕ look at somethｉｎg, youｒ eyｅｓ sｅnｄ a signal abouｔｔhat object to yｏur bｒaｉn. Ｄiｆfeｒeｎt ｒeｇionｓ oｆ tｈe braiｎｐrocess ｔhe infｏrmation your eyes ｓend．Cells in ｙｏur ｂraiｎ cａｌｌed ｎｅuｒons （神经元） arｅ rｅsponsibｌｅfor ｔhｉs proｃes sinｇ．??The ｆMRＩ（fuｎctｉonal Maｇneｔic Resonaｎce Iｍagｉng) （功能性磁振造影） brain sca ns ｃould geneｒalｌｙmaｔch ｅlectriｃａl activitｙ in the braｉn ｔｏｔhe bａsiｃ sｈａp ｅ of ａ pｉcture ｔｈat soｍeoｎe was ｌooｋinｇａt.?

Lｉｋe cellｓ anywheｒe ｅlse in youｒ body， acｔive neｕroｎs use oxｙgen．Blood brings ox ｙgen to tｈe nｅurons, and the more aｃtive ａneurｏn is， thｅ morｅoxygｅｎ iｔwiｌl ｃo nｓume．The more ａｃｔive a ｒegｉｏn oｆ tｈe brain, tｈe ｍore active itｓ neuｒonｓ，a ｎd in tｕrn, thｅmoｒe blood will ｔraveｌ to tｈaｔ reｇｉoｎ. Ａnｄｂy using fMＲI, sｃｉe

nｔists can vｉsualize (使…显现) wｈicｈparts oｆ the ｂrａin rｅceiｖｅ mｏrｅoxygeｎ-ri ch bｌoｏd －ａnｄtherｅfoｒｅ，ｗｈｉch pａｒtｓaｒe woｒkinｇto process infoｒmatioｎ．?Ａn fMＲI mａcｈine iｓ a devicｅ tｈaｔ scanｓ tｈｅbraｉn and meａｓｕｒｅs changes in bｌood ｆｌow to tｈe braｉn。Ｔhe technｏloｇy shｏws reseaｒｃheｒs hｏｗｂraｉn aｃtiviｔy cｈan ｇes wheｎ a person ｔhinｋｓ， looks ａt ｓomeｔhing， or ｃarries ｏut aｎactiｖｉty lｉk e ｓpeaｋiｎg or readiｎg。 By hｉghlighting tｈe arｅas of thｅ brain at work wheｎａ pｅrso ｎ lookｓ at differｅnｔ images，fMＲI maｙ heｌp ｓｃientistｓｄeｔermiｎe ｓpecｉfｉc pａtt erns ｏf braiｎ aｃtiviｔｙaｓsocｉaｔed ｗith diffｅｒeｎｔ kinｄｓof iｍages.??The Ｃaliｆornia researchers ｔeｓted brain activity by ｈaving two voｌｕnteｅrs vｉew ｈundｒeds of ｐictureｓ of ｅｖerydａｙｏbｊｅcts, ｌikｅ pｅople，ａｎimａls, ａｎd fruits。 Tｈｅ scｉｅn tists uｓed aｎ fMRI mａcｈine ｔo reｃord thｅｖｏlunteers' brain activｉtｙｗitｈeach p hｏtograph ｔhey looｋed at。 Dｉfferenｔ objecｔs cａused diffeｒenｔ regioｎs ｏf the ｖolunｔe ers' bｒaｉnｓ to liｇht up on ｔhｅscaｎ， inｄicａtiｎｇａｃtｉvity。 The sｃｉｅnｔists us ed thiｓ iｎforｍation to build a model to prｅdｉct how tｈe brａin mｉght respond ｔo anｙ iｍage the ｅｙes see。??In a seｃｏnｄｔesｔ， tｈe sｃientists asｋｅd the vｏlunteeｒｓ

to ｌoｏk aｔ 120 neｗ pｉｃtuｒｅs. Lｉｋe befｏre, theiｒ bｒainｓ were ｓcａnｎｅd evｅry tiｍe they looｋed at a nｅw imaｇｅ. Thiｓｔime, tｈe scientiｓtｓused tｈeiｒ mｏｄｅｌ t ｏｍatｃh the fMＲI scaｎs to thｅimage. Fｏr exａmple, if a scaｎ iｎ tｈe sｅcond test ｓhｏｗeｄ thｅsａme patｔern oｆ brain actｉviｔy thａt wａｓ strｏｎｇly rｅlaｔed ｔo ｐict urｅs of aｐｐleｓｉｎｔhe fｉrst test, tｈeｉｒｍodel would ｈａve predicｔed the volｕｎtｅerｓweｒe lｏｏkiｎg ａt ａｐples.?

３6 Wｈaｔ is rｅsｐonsiｂle foｒ proceｓsing the informatｉon ｓent by ｙour ｅyｅs??、A Ｔｈe magｎetic ｓysｔem iｎ tｈe bｒaｉn.、B The centrａｌ part of ｔｈe hｅart。?ＣNeurons in t he braiｎ.、ＤＯｘｙgen－rich bｌood.?3７Ｔhｅ fｕnctｉｏn of aｎ fMRＩ maｃｈine iｓ?A to ｓh ow ｈｏw neuｔronｓ tａkｅ in oxygｅn—ｒich blood．

B ｔo meaｓｕrｅ hoｗdenｓe thｅ blood is ｉn the bｒaiｎ.?

C tｏｉdｅntiｆｙ wｈｉｃh parｔs ｏf tｈe braiｎａｒe prｏcesｓing iｎforｍaｔｉoｎ、

D ｔｏrecoｒd hoｗ mｕcｈ oｘygeｎth ｅｂraｉn consumes.?３8 Ｔhe expreｓsion "ｈighｌightiｎg the aｒeａｓ of ｔhe ｂraｉn at ｗo rk’ in paｒagrａph 5 means

Ａｍarkｉnｇ tｈe parts ｏf ｔhｅ brain ｔｈａt are processing ｉｎformａtiｏｎ。

B giｖinｇ light to the paｒts of ｔhe bｒain tｈat are proｃeｓsinｇｉnｆｏrmatioｎ.

C ｐuｔｔing the parts of thｅ brain ｔo woｒk.?

D preｖｅntｉng the pａrtｓ of ｔhｅｂｒaｉn from workiｎg．

39 The rｅsｅaｒchｅrｓ eｘperimeｎteｄｏn?A anｉmａlｓａｎｄ objecｔs。、B fＭRI maｃｈines．、

C thoｕsandｓ of picｔures.

D tｗo voluntｅers。

40 Whｉｃh of thｅｆolloｗiｎｇ can ｂest replace the tｉｔle ｏf thｅ passａgｅ?

A Your Ｔhougｈtｓ Caｎ Be Sｃanned。、

B Recent Dｅvｅｌｏpｍent in Scｉence ａnd Technology、C

A TechnologｉcａｌＤreaｍ.、D Ａn Intelｌigｅnt Rｏboｔ．

篇Youth Emancｉpatｉon iｎＳpａｉn

Tｈe SpanisｈＧoｖｅrｎment is ｓo worrｉeｄabｏut ｔhｅ numbeｒ of young ａdulｔs stilｌ li ｖing ｗitｈｔheir paｒenｔs that ｉt has decｉｄed to hｅlp ｔｈem leavｅ the ｎeｓt.??Arouｎd 55 ｐｅｒｃeｎt of peｏpｌe aｇｅｄ 18-3４ in Ｓpａin sｔiｌl sｌeｅp in thｅir parents' hｏm es, sayｓ tｈe laｔｅst report ｆrｏm thｅcｏunｔry’ｓｓtate—ｒｕn Iｎstｉtute of Youth．

?To ｃoax （劝诱) young people frｏm ｔheiｒｈomes, thｅ Instｉｔuｔe startｅd ａ＂YｏutｈEmancipatｉoｎ (解放）” ｐｒoｇrａm thiｓ monｔh. The proｇram ｏｆfｅrs guidanｃe in finｄinｇｒooms and jobｓ．

?Ｅconomists blame youｎg ｐeｏple＇ｓ fａｍiｌy ｄependencｅｏn tｈe precａriouｓ (不稳定的）labｏｒ market and incｒｅasｉng ｈｏusiｎg prices． Hoｕsing ｐrices hａve riseｎ 17 pｅrcｅnt ａ yeａr sｉnce ２００0.??Cｕlｔurａl ｒeasｏnｓ alｓo contribute tｏｔhe problem, say sｏｃi oloｇists （社会学家)． Faｍiｌy ties ｉｎｓouｔh Eｕrope —Ｉtaｌy, Porｔugaｌ and Greｅce —are stronger tｈan tｈｏse in midｄle aｎd ｎorth Europｅ, said Spanisｈ sｏciｏlogｉｓｔAl ｍuｄeｎa Moreｎo Minguｅｚ iｎ heｒｒeporｔ "Ｔhe Lａte Emaｎcipatiｏn ｏf Spaｎｉsh Yoｕth:Ｋｅy ｆｏr Undｅrstａｎding＂。??”In general,young people in Ｓpain firｍｌｙｂｅliｅvｅiｎｔhe family ａｓ tｈe main body arounｄｗhich tｈeiｒ privａte lifｅis ｏrganiｚed," said Ｍinｇｕez．

?Ｉn Spain －eｓpｅcｉalｌｙ in ｔhe ｃouｎtrysiｄｅ， iｔ iｓｎｏt uｎcommon to fｉnd ｅnt iｒe ｇｒoups ｏf aunts， unｃles， cｏusins, nｉｅces and nepｈews （外侄/侄子） alｌｌiving ｏｎtｈe same strｅet。Theｙ regｕｌarly get toｇeｔher for Sundａy dinｎer．?

Ｐａreｎts' ｔoleranｃe is anothｅr faｃtoｒ. Spaniｓh parentｓaccept lａtｅ-nｉght partyｉn g anｄ are waｒｙ oｆｓettiｎｇ bｅｄｔｉmｅ ruleｓ.?”Aｃhild ｃan aｒrｉｖe home ａｔ what ｅver tｉme hｅ wａｎｔs． If ｐareｎts complａin he＇ll puｔｕp a figｈt aｎd ｃall ｔhｅ f ａｔｈer a fascist，" saｉd Ｊｏse Antｏnｉo G6mｅz Yanez, ａ

sociologiｓｔ at Ｃarlos IIＩUnｉversitｙ in Madrid.

?Mｏthers＇wiｌliｎgness to do cｈｉlｄreｎ's houｓehoｌd chｏres （家务） worsens the proble m．Ｄionｉsio Masｓo， a 60－yeaｒ－oｌd ｉｎ Madｒｉｄ，ｈａs ｔhreｅ children in theiｒ20s。Ｔhe eｌｄesｔ， 2８, ｈas a ｇiｒlfriend and ａjob. But lｉfｅ with mum iｓ good.

?"Hｉｓ mｕm does the waｓｈ anｄ cｏoｋｓfor him; in ｔhe eｎd， he livｅs well,＂Ｍasso s aid.??４１ The "Youtｈ Eｍanｃipation＂ prｏgrａｍ aims at hｅｌｐinｇyｏuｎg people

Ａlive iｎａn ｉndependeｎt ｗay．、Ｂfｉght fｏr freedom.

C fight againｓt sｏciａｌ injｕstｉｃｅ．、

D get riｄ of famiｌｙresｐonsiｂilｉties.

42 Ｉt ｃan ｂe iｎfｅrred from parａgrａpｈ 5 tｈaｔ family ties ａｒe stｒonger iｎＰｏr tugal tｈan ｉn

A Gｒeece．、

B Fiｎland。、

C Ｓｐａｉn．

D Itａly.

43 Young peｏple＇s ｆamily dｅｐenｄeｎcｅ can bｅ aｔtｒiｂuteｄto all ｔｈｅｆoｌlowinｇfaｃtoｒs?ＥXCEPT?Ａpareｎts＇ tolｅraｎce。、B ｈousing problems。、C uｎｗillingness to get married．

D ｃulｔuｒal tｒａditiｏns。、、

44 Whicｈ of the ｆollowing ｓtatemeｎtｓｉs NＯT ｔrｕe of Dionｉｓiｏ Masｓｏ？?A、Ｓhe ha s a boｙfrieｎd.、Ｂ、Sｈe ｉs 6０ yeａrs ｏld。?C、She haｓthreｅcｈildren.、、Ｄ、Ｓhｅ

liｖes iｎ Madrid。

45 Ｔhe phrase ”wary of”iｎ paragｒａｐh 8 could be best replａced ｂy?Ａ tired oｆ．、B a fｒaid of.、C worriｅd ａbout。、D cautioｕs ａｂouｔ.

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职称英语考试试题 第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分） 下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中 没有提及，请选择C. A Great Quake Coming? Everyone who lives in San Francisco knows that earthquakes are common in the bav area.Theyhad keen devastating in 1906，for example，a major quake destroyed about 28.000 buildings andkilled hundreds，perhaps thousands of people. Residents now wonder when the next"big one"willstrike.It's bound to happen someday.At least seven active fault（断层）lines run through the SanFrancisco area.Faults are places where pieces of earth's crust（地壳）slide past each other.Whenthese pieces slip，the ground shakes. To prepare for that day.scientists are using new techniques to reanalyze the 1906 earthquake and predict how bad the damage might be when the next one happens. One new finding about the 1906 quake is that the San Andreas Fault split apart faster than scientists had assumed at the time.During small earthquakes，faults rupture at about 2.7 kilometersper second.During bigger quakes，however，ruptures can happen at rates faster than 3.5 kilometersper second. At such high speeds，massive amounts of pressure build up，generating underground waves that can cause more damage than the quake itself.Lucky for San Fancisco，these pressure pulses（脉冲）traveled alway from the city duffng the 1906 event.As bad as the damage was，it could have been farWorse. Looking ahead，scientists are trying to predict when the next major quake will occur.Records show that earthquakes were common before 1906 event. Since then，the area has been relatively quiet.Pattems in the data，however，suggest that the probability of a major earthquake striking the bay area before 2032 is at least 62 percent. New buildings in san Francisco are quite safe in case of future quakes.Still，more than 84 percent of the city's buildings are old and weak.Analyses suggest that another massive earthquake would cause extensive damage. People who live there today tend to feel safe because San Francisco has remained pretty qmet for a while.Accoeding to the new research，however，it's not a matter of whether the big one will hit. It's just a matter of when. 16. The San Francisco area is located above several active fault lines.