南理工口译英语考试复习
4.3 Fortune 500 companies （财富500强）
For 45 years, Fortune magazine has been ranking the largest companies in the United States. The result is their annual ―Fortune 500‖ list. Sometimes people will refer to the top 100 companies on the list as the ―Fortune 100‖.Essentially, the magazine lists the U.S. based corporations with the largest revenue in the past year. Fortune calculates revenue using publicly available data, therefore private companies, i.e., those whose stock is not traded on a public market, are excluded. U.S. subsidiaries of foreign companies are also excluded.
―Fortune 500‖ companies are among the biggest, most profitable, and most powerful companies in America. In terms of profits even the bottom end of the Fortune 500 list isn’t too shabby. On last year’s list, the company at the bottom still had a respectable sum of over $3 billion.
While the ―Fortune 500‖is limited to American companies, the magazine also publishes the ―Global 500‖, which ranks publicly held companies from around the world. Of course, because the U.S. dominates as much of the global economy, many Fortune 500 companies rank high in the ―Global 500‖ too.
Fortune magazine also publishes other lists, such as the ―100 Best Companies to work for‖and the ―100 Fastest-Growing Companies‖. It’s an interesting exercise to compare all the lists and see where companies overlap. For example, the No. 1 company to work for may not rank on the ―Fortune 500‖at all. With the top companies on both the U.S. and worldwide 500 lists, you won’t find them on either of the most admired companies list. Maybe the Beatles were right –money can’t buy you love.
45年来，《财富》杂志一直给美国的大公司排名，这就是一年一度的“财富500强”，有时也将前100名称为“财富100强”。上榜的上市公司基本上都是头年收入名列前茅的美国本土公司。《财富》杂志根据上市公司的公开数据来计算收入，未上市公司没有列入，因为他们的股票没有公开发行。国外公司在美的分公司也不参与排名。
“财富500强”公司是美国规模最大、利润最多、实力最强的公司。讲到收入，即使500强排最后一名的公司也财大气粗，如去年排名最末的公司收入也超过30亿美元。
除了介绍美国公司的“财富500强”，《财富》杂志还推出了“全球500强”，给各国的上市公司排名。当然，由于美国经济在全球经济中的地位，许多“财富500强”的美国公司也高居“全球500强”的榜首。
《财富》杂志也推出其他排名，如“100家受雇条件最佳公司”，“100家增长最快的公司”等。比较各种排名看看哪些公司重复上榜，是很有意思的事。比如，在“100家受雇条件最佳公司”榜上排名第一的公司可能根本不在“财富500强”之列。而排在“财富美国500强”和“世界500强”前列的公司，却上不了“最受人尊敬的公司”排行榜。也许甲壳虫乐队说得对—爱是不能用金钱买来的。
4.4 艾滋病的防治
艾滋病已经成为中国社会发展中的一个相当严重的问题。有些人是意外感染上艾滋病的，比如在医院里输了受污染的血，婴儿从母亲身上传染了艾滋病，有些是因为接触不合适的性伴侣。自从1985年我们发现第一个艾滋病患者，目前全国进入了艾滋病快速传染期。
根据专家估计，到去年底，全国已经有90多万艾滋病病毒感染者。如果我们不采取有效的措施，那么到2010年，这个数字将要翻一番。
首先是因为贫穷，缺少预防艾滋病的教育与知识。其次是缺乏常识。对这个问题毫不在意。再其次是因为他们缺乏培训，资金以及信息资源。根据报道，我们到目前还没有医治艾滋病的有效药物。
Well, in China, HIV/AIDS has become a very serious problem related to social development.
There’ve been cases of people being accidentally infected with HIV/ AIDS, through accepting polluted blood from hospitals, babies acquiring the disease from their mothers, having improper sexual relationships. From the time we discovered the first AIDS infections.
Experts estimate that more than 900,000 people had been infected with HIV by the end of last year. If we don’t take some efficient measures, this number will double by 2010.
First, because of poverty, people lack education and information about the prevention of HIV/ AIDS. Second, ignorance. People do not pay much attention to this problem. Third, they lack proper resources, things like training, money and information. According to reports, we still do not have an efficient medicine to cure HIV/ AIDS.
6.4 外交为民
最近我从西方报刊上看到一组数字。我们一起看看“中国威胁论”到底是有道理，还是非常荒唐可笑的。2004年，美国国防开支是4,559亿美元，占美国去年国内生产总值的3.9%。而中国的国防费用去年是2,117亿元人民币，占中国国内生产总值的1.6%。这就是说，美国国防开支是中国的17.8倍。
同样是去年，美国人均国防开支1,540美元，中国人均国防开支大约是20美元，美国是中国的77倍。2003年美国军费占全球军费总额的47%，超过除美国外的25个军费大国当年军费支出的总和，还是联合国安理会其他4个常任理事国军费总和的3.5倍。
中国走的是和平发展道理，中国外交的出发点和归宿都是维护和平。我相信所有尊重事实的人都会看到，中国是世界上一支维护和平的坚定力量。
Recently, I came across a group of figures form a western newspaper. Let’s take a look at them together to see whether the “China threat theory”makes sense or is nothing but ridiculous nonsense. In 2004, the defense expenditure of the US was US$455.9 billion, accounting for 3.9%of its GDP, while that of China in the same year was only RMB211.7billion, making up 1.6% of China’s GDP. The US defense expenditure was
17.8 times that of China.
In 2004, the per capita defense expenditure in the US was US$1,540while that of China was about US$20, with the US figure being 77 times that of China. In 2003, the US defense expenditure accounted for 47%fo the global total, exceeding the total of the other
25 countries in the world with the largest defense expenditures. The figure was also 3.5
times the total sum of the defense expenditure of the other four permanent members of the Security Council.
China follow the road of peaceful development. To maintain peace is both the starting point and the purpose of Chinese diplomacy. I believe that all those who respect the truth will see China as a staunch force for peace in the world.
8.1US Vice president’s speech at Fudan University
Thank you very much, Mr. Mayor. I appreciate your kind words of introduction and we’re delighted to be here today. My wife and I are privileged to have the opportunity once again to travel in china.
We are grateful for the welcome we have received, especially for the kind of reception here at Fudan University. We thank you for the honor and we bring you good wishes from President Gorge W. Bush and the people of the United States.
I know that many of you will soon graduate from this great university. I am told the standards are extremely demanding here, and degree from Fudan University simplifies years of hard work and discipline. I congratulate each one of you on your achievement, and I commend your teachers for upholding the tradition of excellence that marks 99-history of Fudan University. 美国副总统复旦演讲
市长先生，非常感谢您！谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。今天我们很高兴来到这里。我和我夫人为有这次机会再次来到中国访问感到荣幸。感谢贵国对我们的欢迎，特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。我们为此感到不胜荣幸，谢谢你们！我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿。我知道在座的许多人很快就要从这所优秀的大学毕业。我听说贵校有极为严格的标准，得到复旦大学的学位代表着多年的刻苦攻读和自我约束。我祝贺在座各位学业有成。对各位老师坚持复旦大学99年追求卓越的传统我深表钦佩。
8.2王光亚在普林斯顿大学的演讲开场白
女士们、先生们：
晚上好。很荣幸应邀到普林斯顿大学参加你们的研讨会。对我本人、我的同事及许多中国人来讲，普林斯顿大学的名字早已是耳熟能详。她的历史比这个国家还长，从这个校园里走出了美国第28任总统伍德罗·威尔逊、伟大科学家爱因斯坦、著名诗人T.S.艾略特等众多杰出人物。正如前总统克林顿先生在1996年普大建校250周年时所说：―在美国历史上的每一个紧要关头，普林斯顿大学及其师生都发挥了关键作用。‖
令人高兴的是，在座诸位对中国事务都抱有研究兴趣。虽然我们两国地理上相距万里，但在日常生活中却非常相近。好莱坞影片、麦当劳快餐成了许多中国人生活中的内容。而中国加工的服装、日用品也天天伴随着美国人民。我希望通过今天的交流，能增进在座诸位对中国和中国外交政策的了解，为未来彼此的友谊与合作锦上添花。
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Good evening.
It is an honor for me to be invited to your seminar tonight. For me, for my colleagues and many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people, Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US President, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T. S. Eliot, the famous poet, to name but a few. As the former President Bill Clinton said in 1996 in celebration of the 250 anniversary of Princeton: "At every pivotal moment in American history, Princeton, its leadership, its students have played a crucial role."
I am more pleased to learn that all of you have a keen interest in China. Though our two countries are geographically far apart, we have lots in common. While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies and McDonald's fast food, many Americans find that their clothes and daily necessities are made in China. I hope that today's seminar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy, thus further deepening our friendship and cooperation.
8.4 温总理在世界旅游大会上的发言（必考）
?中国是一个历史悠久的文明古国，也是一个充满时代生机的东方大国，拥有许多得天独厚的旅游资源。自然风光旖旎秀美，历史文化博大精深，56个民族风情浓郁，目前已被列入世界文化遗产地和世界自然遗产地达29处。在改革开放的推动下，现代化建设突飞猛进，城乡面貌日新月异。古代中国的风采神韵与现代中国的蓬勃英姿交相辉映。这些都为发展国内外旅游创造了优越的条件。
?21世纪头20年，是中国全面建设小康社会, 加快推进社会主义现代化的重要战略机遇期，也是中国旅游业发展的有利时期。我们要把旅游业培育成为中国国民经济的重要产业，合理保护和利用旅游资源，努力实现旅游业的可持续发展。中国政府欢迎各国朋友到中国旅游观光，我们将全力保障广大旅游者健康和安全；同时鼓励更多的中国人走向世界。我们愿同各国广泛开展合作，推动世界旅游业的发展。
?As a country with a civilization of a long history, China is also a big oriental country full of modern vitality, not to mention its unique, rich and varied tourism resources. Besides the picturesque natural scenery, profound history and extensive culture, China embodies the different folk customs of 56 nationalities. Currently, there are 29 places that have been listed as World Cultural and Natural Heritage sites. Thanks to the further push by the opening up and reform, china’s modern construction is surging ahead, and the cities and the country are experiencing daily changes. The ancient glory of China and its modern boom add radiance and charm to each other, joining to create most favorable conditions for developing our domestic and international tourism.
?The first 20 years of the 21st century represent an important strategic period for China to achieve the all-round construction of a well-off society and to speed up its socialism modernization. It also provides a favorable time for the further development of China’s tourism industry. We shall promote tourism as an important industry in China’s national economy, properly protect and utilize our tourism resources and try to achieve sustainable tourism development. The Chinese government welcomes all international friends to visit China, We shall do our best to protect their health and safety; and at the same time encourage more Chinese people to go abroad for visits. We are ready to develop extensive cooperation with other countries and contribute to global tourism growth.
10.3 speech at inauguration of new facility
12.2Extreme sports(必考)
12.4中国菜肴
我们常用“色香味形”来形容中国的菜肴。由于不仅要味香，而且还有色佳，形美，因而十分注重食物的审美情趣。中餐烹饪的技艺主要包括原料的选配，作料的调制，刀功，调料，火候和烹饪技巧。
中国的烹饪风格一般可以归为四大烹饪派系，它们都具有各种鲜明的特点。鲁菜作为中国北方菜系代表，通常较咸，汁色普遍较浅。川菜最大的特点是口味重，以麻辣著称。粤菜在发展过程中借鉴了西餐烹调的精华。扬州菜以江苏省的扬州，南京，苏州等地的地方菜为基础，注重选料的原汁原味。
?―Color, aroma, taste and appearance‖ are often used to describe Chinese food. Great attention is paid to aesthetic appreciation of the food because the food should be good not only in flavor and smell, but also in color and appearance. The principal aspects of Chinese culinary art includes: the selection of raw material, combination of ingredients, cutting, seasoning, temperature and cooking techniques.
?Chinese cooking styles can generally fall into four major cooking schools, which have their own distinct characteristics. As representative of northern china’s cooking, Shandong cuisine is generally salty, with a prevalence of light-colored sauces. With a rich variety of strong flavor, Sichuan cuisine is famous for being spicy-hot. Cantonese cuisine has borrowed the culinary essence of the western-style food in the process of its development. Yangzhou cuisine bases itself largely on the three local cooking styles of Yangzhou, Nanjing and Suzhou, all within Jiangsu Province. It emphasizes the original flavors of well-chosen materials.
数字转换
《口译教程》参考译文-10
Lesson 10 10.3 中与欧盟的关系 女士们、先生们、朋友们： 今天，我很荣幸给大家介绍欧盟的一些情况以及欧盟与中国的关系。 欧盟全称为欧洲联盟，是在欧洲共同体基础上由25个（27）独立的国家组成的，目的是为了加强政治、经济和社会合作。原来称“欧共体”或“欧洲经济共同体”。 目前的25个成员国是奥地利、比利时、丹麦、芬兰、法国、希腊、爱尔兰、意大利、卢森堡、荷兰、葡萄牙、西班牙、瑞典、英国、塞浦路斯（希腊部分）、捷克共和国、爱沙尼亚、匈牙利、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、马耳他、欧兰、斯洛伐克、斯洛文尼亚。 欧盟25国总面积400万平方公里，接近半个中国的面积。总人口数为4.544亿，排行第三，仅次于中国和印度，约占世界总人口的7%。 欧盟统一货币为欧元，2002年1月1日正式启用。到目前为止，已经有12个欧盟成员国用欧元取代其本国货币。统一货币使人们出门旅行、对比价格更为容易，它还为欧洲的商业往来、刺激增长与竞争创造了一个稳定的环境。 到目前为止，欧盟的国内生产总值逾10万亿美元。作为一个整体，这个规模与它的主要竞争对手美国差不多。经济总量和贸易总额分别占全球25%和35%。 欧盟与中国关系十分友好。今年5月欧盟与中国就建交30周年了。去年，欧盟与中国的进出口贸易总额达到2，000亿欧元。德国是中国最大的贸易伙伴，英国、荷兰名列第二和第三。 欧盟正抓住当前大好的历史机遇——团结曾经分裂的欧洲大陆，创造一个和平、稳定、民主的欧洲。*** 这次欧盟的扩大还将创造一个几乎拥有5亿消费者的统一市场，这个市场饱含经济增长和不断繁荣的极大潜力。 我的话讲完了，谢谢大家！
10.4 中国与东盟的关系 A: Excuse me, could you tell me when ASEAN was established? And how many member countries does it have now? B: 东盟于1967年8月8日成立，目前有10个成员国，它们是：文莱、柬埔寨、印度尼西亚、老挝、马来西亚、缅甸、菲律宾、泰国、新加坡和越南。 A: Besides these 10 member countries, ASEAN also always holds the 10+1, 10+3 meetings. Does it mean that ASEAN has some dialogue partners? B: 是的。东盟有10个对话伙伴，它们是澳大利亚、加拿大、中国、欧盟、印度、日本、俄罗斯、新西兰、韩国和美国。 A：What is the area that ASEAN covers? How man languages are spoken in this region? What is the total population? B: 东盟地区面积大约有450万平方公里，有14中官方语言和7种宗教。人口总数在2000年有5.12亿。 A: 4.5 million square kilometers is about half of China’s territory, such a big regional organization neighboring China. How is the relationship between ASEAN and China now? B：东盟不仅在区域上面积广大，在经济、政治、科技上也是一个举足轻重的地区。所有的东盟成员国都是中国的友好近邻。自从上世纪90年代以来，中国与东盟的关系一直很好，政治联系日益密切。 A：Can you give some data? B: 在中国与东盟的关系中，经贸、科技方面的合作是基本的组成部分。1994年的贸易总额从120亿增加到235亿美元，其中中国出口额109.2亿美元，进口123.6亿美元。双方的相互投资过去几年也不断增加。东盟在劳务合作和项目建设方面已经成为中国的重要市场。中国和东盟已经同意用8年的时间创建世界人口最密集的自由贸易区。 A：The relationship is very good economically, but how about
口译基础教程对话练习答案 仲伟合
Unit 1 李颖：We are going to ascend the great wall tomorrow morning. So I’d like to go to bed early and have a good sleep this evening. You know climbing the great wall is not an easy job. 明天早上我们计划去爬长城，所以我想今晚早点休息，好好睡一觉。你知道爬长城可不是一件简单的事情。 Jack: Great. The Great Wall is very famous and becomes a must for tourist in Beijing. Would you tell me something about it? 好啊。长城那么有名，是游客来北京必去的景点。你能和我说一说长城么？ 李颖：OK. The construction of the great wall took altogether over 2000years.it started in the Zhou dynasty in the 7th century. B.C. And continued until Ming Dynasty in the 15th century A.D. The existing wall was built in the Ming Dynasty. 好。长城的整个建筑过程持续了总共两千多年，始于公元七世纪的周朝，后来一直延续到公元后十五世纪的明朝。现存的城墙都是明朝修建的。 Jack: The Great Wall is indeed the crystallization of the industry and wisdom of the Chinese people and also a symbol of ancient Chinese culture. Then why the ancient people built the wall? 长城的确是中国人民勤劳智慧的结晶，同时也是中国古代文化的象征.那么为什么古代人民要修建长城呢？ 李颖：It was constructed to guard against the invasion by nomadic tribes from the north. When enemy troops approached, guards on watch would send smoke signals from the beacon-fire towers as an alarm. 修建长城是为了抵御来自北方游牧民族的入侵。敌军逼近时，放哨的警卫就会在烽火台上发送烟雾信号作为警报。 Jack: How did they manage to do so? Can you be more specific? 他们怎么发送烟雾信号作为警报呢？你能说的具体点么？ 李颖：Those towers on the wall are spaced at equal distances from each other. When guards in a tower saw the signals from its neighbor, they immediately did the same thing .In this way; the signals would be relayed to the capital. 长城上的烽火台是均匀分布的。如果烽火台上的警卫看到相邻烽火台上发出的信号，他们就会立刻跟着发出信号。这样一个接一个信号就传到了都城。 Jack: what the smart idea the ancient people had! I was told that in china. People usually call the Great Wall “Ten Thousand Li Long Wall”. Does it really mean that long? 古代人民的想法真是巧妙啊！我听说在中国人们通常把长城称作“万里长城”。真的有那么长么？ 李颖：Yes, exactly. It runs all the way across the eastern half of china with a length of about 6 000 kilometers. 是的，正是这样。长城绵延约6 000公里，穿越了中国的东半部。 Jack: 6 000 kilometers! It is unbelievable. 6 000公里！难以置信。 李颖：The Great Wall is said to be the only building on the earth that can be seen from the outer space. 据说万里长城是从外太空可以看到的地球上唯一的建筑。
英语口译 课程标准
《英语口译》课程标准 课程名称：英语口译 课程类别：专业必修课 教学学时：32（理论）+32（实践） 课程学分： 4 先行课程：高级英语听力，英语视听说，基础英语等 适用专业：英语专业 参考教材：1、《英语口译实务》，外文出版社，2009年1月（主编：梅德明） 2、《实战口译》，外语教学与研究出版社，2004年9月（主编：林超伦） 3、《英语中级口译证书考试：中级口译教程（第4版）》，上海外语教育出版社，2014年3月（主编：梅德明） 4、《英语中级口译证书考试：中级听力教程（第4版）》，上海外语教育出版社，2014年3月（主编：周国强） 一、课程性质 《英语口译》是英语专业三年级翻译系列课程中的一门必修课，也是英语专业的核心课，着重口头翻译训练。口译是一项实践性很强的语言交际活动，通过口头表达形式，将所感知和理解的信息准确而又快速地由一种语言形式转化成另一种语言形式，进而达到完整并及时传递交流信息之目的的交际行为，是现代社会跨文化，跨民族交往的一种基本沟通方式。表面上看，它似乎是一种被动，单一，机械性的语言传达活动，其实不然，它是一种集语言信息，语境信息，文化信息，心理信息等于一体的综合交际活动，是一种综合运用视，听，说，写，读等知识和技能的语言操作活动。准确、流利是衡量口译优劣的两条基本标准。 本课程旨在帮助学生掌握与专业相关主题的有关词语、表达方式及句型；让学生更好地了解中国的基本国策及国情，同时也能了解其它国家的历史、政治、经济、文化等概况。本课程要求学生具有扎实的双语基本功，了解口译活动的基本过程，口译过程中大脑的反应，对笔记的要求，各类句式的处理，各类意外情况的处置，以及基本的社交礼仪(着装,提前到场,文具准备)等。本课程以英汉互为口译为主，培养学生掌握口译的基本理论和专题连续传译的技能，帮助学生掌握口译记忆方法，口头概述，口译笔记，及公众演讲技巧以求学生能较准确、流畅地进行汉英对译。 二、课程目标 本课程的授课对象是英语专业学生，属英语类专业技能课。学生通过学习该课程掌握良好的口语水平和娴熟的口译技能。通过该课程的学习，学生能了解口译基本理论，掌握口译技巧，并运用到不同情景的口译实践当中，可从事一般的生活翻译，陪同翻译，涉外导游以及外事接待等翻译工作。 （一）专业能力目标： 在对语言理解和运用方面，以英语录音、录像、电影电视、多媒体教学片的形式进行教学，通过观赏英文电影、电视、多媒体教学片等，使学生能够增加对语境和语用场合了解；能较好地复述所观看的故事情节，讲述自己的理解和分析，具备用英语讲述和组织语言的能力；能针对特定语境和语用场合中的若干话题，进行模仿、对话、讨论等，具备用英语解决实际问题的能力、较强的上口能力和正确的语音、语调和较快的语速。经过系统
基础口译教程-U10 词汇短语表
基础口译教程词汇短语表 U10 Culture and history Warming-up Practice 1. Everyday etiquette etiquette /'et?ket/ n.the formal rules for polite behaviour in society or in a particular group礼仪，礼节 spoil /sp??l/ vi. to start to decay〔开始〕变质，变坏，腐败 delicately /'del?k?tl?/ adv. 谨慎地；委婉地 that is to say也就是说，换句话说 tone /t??n/ cn. the way your voice sounds, which shows how you are feeling or what you mean〔说话的〕语气，口气，腔调 in case万一 contact sb.联系某人 replacement /r?'ple?sm?nt/ un. when you get something that is newer or better than the one you had before更换；替换 2. The American national flag national flag国旗 stripe /stra?p/ n. a line of colour, especially one of several lines of colour all close together条纹， 线条 original /?'r?d??n?l/ adj. existing or happening first, before other people or things原先的，最早的，最初的 decorative /'dek?r?t?v/ adj. pretty or attractive, but not always necessary or useful装饰（性）的，装饰用的 3. Christmas traditions wreath /ri?θ/ n. a circle of leaves or flowers that people use to decorate their houses at Christmas 〔圣诞节期间装饰屋子的〕花环 get the custom of ...沿袭了……的传统 holly /'h?l?/ n. a small tree with sharp dark green leaves and red berries ( berry ), or the leaves and berries of this tree, used as a decoration at Christmas冬青树〔用作圣诞节装饰的〕冬青树叶及浆果 dark, bitterly cold winter阴沉苦寒的冬天 symbolize /'s?mb?la?z/ v. if something symbolizes a quality, feeling etc, it represents it象征，代表；用符号表示 promise /'pr?m?s/ n. a sign that something, usually something good, may happen迹象；〔通常指〕吉兆
研究生英语期末考试试卷
ad if 命 封 线 密
A. some modern women prefer a life of individual freedom. B. the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day Europe. C. some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonely. D. Most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable. 5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To review the impact of women becoming high earners. B. To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism. C. To examine the trend of young people living alone. D. To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships. Passage Two American dramas and sitcoms would have been candidates for prime time several years ago. But those programs －though some remain popular －increasingly occupy fringe times slots on foreign networks. Instead, a growing number of shows produced by local broadcasters are on the air at the best times. The shift counters longstanding assumptions that TV shows produced in the United States would continue to overshadow locally produced shows from Singapore to Sicily. The changes are coming at a time when the influence of the United States on international affairs has annoyed friends and foes alike, and some people are expressing relief that at least on television American culture is no longer quite the force it once was. “There has always been a concern that the image of the world would be shaped too much by American culture,” said Dr. Jo Groebek, director general of the European Institu te for the Media, a non-profit group. Given the choice, he adds, foreign viewers often prefer homegrown shows that better reflect local tastes, cultures and historical events. Unlike in the United States, commercial broadcasting in most regions of the world －including Asia, Europe, and a lesser extent Latin America, which has a long history of commercial TV －is a relatively recent development. A majority of broadcasters in many countries were either state-owned or state-subsidized for much of the last century. Governments began to relax their control in the 1980’s by privatizing national broadcasters and granting licenses to dozens of new commercial networks. The rise of cable and satellite pay-television increased the spectrum of channels. Relatively inexperienced and often financed on a shoestring, these new commercial stations needed hours of programming fast. The cheapest and easiest way to fill airtime was to buy shows from American studios, and the bidding wars for popular shows were fierce. The big American studios took advantage of that demand by raising prices and forcing foreign broadcasters to buy less popular programs if they wanted access to the best-selling shows and movies. “The studio priced themselves out of prime time,” said Harry Evans Sloan, chairman of SBS Broadcasting, a Pan-European broadcaster. Mr. Sloan estimates that over the last decade, the price of American programs has increased fivefold even as the international ratings for these shows have declined. American broadcasters are still the biggest buyers of American-made television shows, accounting for 90% of the $25 billion in 2001 sales. But international sales which totaled $2.5 billion last year often make the difference between a profit and a loss on show. As the pace of foreign sales slows －the market is now growing at 5% a year, down from the double-digit growth of the 1990’s －studio executives are rethinking production costs. 6. Which of the following best characterizes the image embodied in American shows? A. Self-contradictory B. Prejudice-free C. Culture-loaded D. Audience-targeted 7. The intervention of governments in the 1980’s resulted in __________ . A. the patenting of domination shows and movies B. the emergence of new commercial networks C. the promotion of cable and satellite pay-television D. the intense competition coming from the outside 8. The phrase “on a shoestring” (Para. 6) most probably means __________. A. in need of capital B. after a fashion C. on second thoughts D. in the interests of themselves 9. The main reason why American dramas and sitcoms are driven out of prime time is that ____. A. they lose competitiveness B. they are not market-oriented C. they are too much priced D. they fall short of audience expectations 10. American studio producers will give thought to production costs __________. A. if they have no access to popular shows B. because their endeavors come to no avail C. since bidding wars are no longer fierce D. as international sales pace slows down Passage Three How shops can exploit people's herd mentality to increase sales 1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (th at is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy. 2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying. 3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high, he is more likely to select it too.
中级口译教程梅德明第四版 句子精炼 单元全
句子精炼( Sentences in Focus ) Unit 2 接待口译（机场迎宾、宾馆入住、宴会招待、参观访问） 1. This is a fantastic airport, absolutely one of the top-notch international airports.（这个机场太美了，绝对是一个顶尖的国际机场。） 2. I’m very bad with a jet-lag. But I will be all right in a couple of days.（我倒时差很慢，但两天后自然就回复了。） 3. I’d like to have a 7 o’clock morning call, breakfast sent up to my room, laundry done, some documents photocopied, an express mail sent out, and something like that.（我要早上7点钟叫醒，早餐送到我房间，衣服要熨，文件要复印，邮件要快递，诸如此类的事情需要服务。） 4. We all maneuvered successfully to get our job done, so to speak.（可以说我们每个人都成功的使我们的使命得以完成。） 5. Let’s delight ourselves completely in the foods that Mother Nature grants us.（让我们尽情享受大自然赋予我们的食物吧。） 6. 我要是没认错的话，您一定是从伦敦来的泰莱科教授吧。(You must be Prof. Tallack from London, if I’m not mistaken.) 7. 我是海通集团人力资源部经理。(I’m manager of Human Resources, the Haitong Group.) 8. 感激您不辞辛劳，从百忙之中抽空来我公司指导。(We are very grateful that you took time from your busy schedule and came to our company to give us advice.) 9. 今晚我们设宴为您洗尘。(We will host a reception dinner in your honor this evening.) 10. 我在你们的酒店预订了一间双人间，有确认函。(I have made a reservation for a double room with your hotel. And here is the confirmation letter.) 11. 提前10天预定房间可以享受8折优惠价。(You will have a good rate with 20％off when you make a reservation 10 days in advance.) 12. 我们有许多现代化的健身设备可以满足客人的不同需求。(We have many modern fitness facilities catering to the different needs of our guests.) 13. 没有凯兰女士的最后努力，现在还不知道怎样呢，恐怕我们还在谈判之中呢。(Without Ms. K eland’s last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere, probably in the middle of negotiations, I’m afraid.) 14. 同中国其他菜系一样，“本帮菜”具有“色、香、味”三大要素，特点是注重调料的使用、食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。(Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Ben bang cuisine takes “color, aroma and taste” as its essential quality elements. It emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors.) 15. 这些菜绝对是首选，你一定喜欢。别客气，请随意。(These dishes are absolutely tasters′ choice. I bet you will like them. Please help yourself to the dishes.) 16. 各位能够赏光来此共度一年中的这个美好时光，我感到非常荣幸，让我们共同举杯，祝各位身体健康，事业有成，阖家幸福。(I consider it a great honor to have you all here for this wonderful time of the year. Let us drink to the health, great career and happy family of everybody present.) 17. 我们先来鸟瞰一下整个园区吧，然后在园区内各处转悠一下，用我们的话来说就是“走马观花”。(First of all, we will take a bird’s-eye view of the Park. And then we will look around in the Park and, to use a Chinese metaphor, we will “cast a passing glance at flowers while riding on a horseback”.) 18. 高科技园区享有国家授予的项目审批权和优惠政策，是一个与国际管理体质接轨的经济区域。(The high-tech Park is authorized by the state government to approve projects with preferential policies, operating under the management system of international standards.)
基础口译教程-U4词汇短语表
基础口译教程词汇短语表 U4 Humanity and Environment Warming-up Practice 1. Plant and animal habitats will be changed by global warming. habitat /'h?b?t?t/ n. the natural home of a plant or animal〔动植物的〕生活环境；栖息地global /'gl??b(?)l/ warming: a general increase in world temperatures caused by increased amounts of carbon dioxide around the Earth全球变暖 predict /pr?'d?kt/ v. to say that something will happen, before it happens预言，预料，预测 one-third 1/3 significantly /s?g'n?f?k(?)ntl?/ adv. in an important way or to an important degree显著地 species /'spi??i?z/ n. a group of animals or plants whose members are similar and can breed together to produce young animals or plants〔动植物的〕物种，种 carbon dioxide: /'kɑ?b(?)n/ /d a?'?ksa?d/ the gas produced when animals breathe out, when carbon is burned in air, or when animal or vegetable substances decay二氧化碳 content /'k?ntent/ n. the amount of a substance that is contained in something含量 atmosphere /'?tm?sf??/ n. the mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth〔地球的〕大气（层）give top priority to 给予优先考虑 pollution /p?'lu??(?)n/ n. the process of making air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use, or the state of being dangerously dirty污染 summit /'s?m?t/ n. an important meeting or set of meetings between the leaders of several governments首脑会议，最高级会议，峰会 miss the chance错过机会 catastrophe /k?'t?str?f?/ n. a terrible event in which there is a lot of destruction, suffering, or death 灾难，大祸，严重的不幸 2. Asia is facing serious environmental problems. face: v. if you face or are faced with a difficult situation, or if a difficult situation faces you, it is going to affect you and you must deal with it面临〔困难〕，面对〔困境〕 serious /'s??r??s/ adj. extremely bad or dangerous〔情况、问题、事故等〕严重的 release /r?'li?s/ v. to let news or official information be known and printed公开发表，发布 threat /θret/ n. a statement in which you tell someone that you will cause them harm or trouble if they do not do what you want威胁，恐吓 rapid /'r?p?d/ adj. happening or done very quickly and in a very short time快速的，迅速的shrink /?r??k/v. to become smaller使缩小; 缩小 rain forest: a tropical forest with tall trees that are very close together, growing in an area where it rains a lot（热带）雨林 especially /?'spe?(?)l?/ adv. used to emphasize that something is more important or happens more with one particular thing than with others尤其 Malaysia /m??le???/ n. 马来西亚 Philippines /'filipi:nz/ n. 菲律宾 Thailand /'ta?l?nd/ n. 泰国 according to根据……
2006年3月翻译资格中级英语口译实务真题及答案
2006年3月翻译资格中级英语口译实务真题及答案 英译中 As a scourge of the modern society, obesity has become the world's biggest public-health issue today--the main cause of heart disease, which kills more people these days than AIDS, malaria, war. Since the World Health Organization labeled obesity an "epidemic" in 2000, reports on its fearful consequences have come thick and Fast. Will public-health warnings, combined with media pressure, persuade people to get thinner, just as they finally put them off tobacco? Possibly. In the rich world, sales of healthier foods are booming and new figures suggest that over the past year Americans got very slightly thinner for the first time in recorded history. But even if Americans are losing a few ounces, it will be many years before the country solves the health problems caused by half a century’s dining to excess. And, everywhere else in the world, people are still piling on the pounds. That’s why there is now a consensus among doctors that governments should do something to stop them. 中译英 上海是一座朝气蓬勃、充满活力、多姿多彩的国际大都市，改革开放以来，上海变化之大令世人瞩目。经济高速发展，社会秩序稳定，人民安居乐业，呈现出一片繁华气象。 今天，尽管上海还有着不少色彩斑斓的过去可以留恋和回味，但城市日新月异的面貌却使越来越多的世人折服。浦西展示了上海的辉煌岁月，浦东展现了上海的美好前景。上海就像一轮红日，光芒四射，鲜艳夺目。上海的明天充满希望。 英译中 【参考译文】 作为现代社会的一个祸害，肥胖已成为当今世界最大的公共健康问题。肥胖是引起心脏病的主要原因，现今因心脏病致死的人数已超过死于艾滋病、疟疾、战争的人数。自从世界卫生组织于 2000 年将肥胖症定为“流行病”以来，已经连篇累牍地发表了有关肥胖症引起可怕后果的报告。 对肥胖症发出的公共卫生警示，加上传媒宣传所形成的压力，是否会像最终促使烟民们戒烟那样，说服人们去减肥呢？这有可能。在富裕国家，健康食品的销量正在大幅上升，而且新的数据表明，在过去的一年美国人的体重有史以来首次略有下降。 但是即使美国人是瘦了一点，美国要解决因半个世纪以来饮食过度而造成的健康问题，还需要许多年时间。况且，在世界各地，人们的体重仍在增加。这就是为什么现在医生们一致认