巧解高考英语图画类作文

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导读：图画类作文是全国各地英语高考的热门题型，它要求考生能够根据图画所提供的信息叙述事情并发表感想，对考生的观察力、想象力、逻辑分析能力及语言组织能力提出了很高要求，因此成为很多考生难以驾驭的题型。笔者拟从以下几方面对图画类作文题进行分析，希望对正在紧张备考的考生有所帮助。

一、命题特点

图画类作文实际上就是将漫画、照片或图片中的信息转化成作文。在写作的过程中，考生可根据情景图的寓意、内容或情节线索，传递信息和表达自己的思想，揭示图画的主题。作文应覆盖提示的要点，但要避免仅根据提示文字做简单翻译。

图画类作文的图画包括组图、对比图、单张图三类。组图有点像连环画，一般由多幅图片构成，这类题通常要写记叙文；对比图要求观察出两幅或三幅图之间的不同，并分析产生这种变化的原因；单张图通过生动的图画传递深刻的思想，需在描述图片的基础上发表感想或分析问题，这类题通常要写议论文。

二、写作步骤

1. 认真看图，确立主题。

2. 围绕主题，提炼要点。

3. 合理想象，补充要点。

4. 确定时态，写出要点。

5. 连句成篇，自然过渡。

三、常用模板

1. 组图写作模板

第一段：The story took place （时间和地点）.

第二段：事件起因（要点一/图片一的内容）、事件发展（要点二、三……/图片二、三……的内容）、事件结局（最后一个要点/最后一张图片的内容）

第三段：From the story，I feel （自己的看法或感想）.

2. 对比图写作模板

Great Changes have take place （地点）since （时间）.

In the past （描述过去的情景，图一）. But now （描述现在的情景，图二）.

There are many reasons for the great changes. First，

（变化的第一个理由）. Second，（变化的第二个理由）. Last but not least，（变化的最后一个理由）.

I think （自己的感想）.

3. 单张图写作模板

As can be seen in the picture，（图画内容）. The picture tells us （概括图片大意）.

The implied meaning of this picture should be taken into consideration seriously. To begin with，（揭示涵义/原因/结果之一）. Second，（揭示涵义/原因/结果之二）.

In my opinion，we should take some measures to deal with the problem. First，we should （具体措施之一）. Second，we must （具体措施之二）. Only in this way can we solve the problem of （图画内容）.

四、突破方法

以上所说的常用模板只能为写作提供一些基础，要想使文章给人眼前一亮的感觉，考生需要在这个基础上寻求突破。突破方法可参照以下几点：

1. 注意语言表达的多样性，合理使用动词。

动词是构成句子的重要成分，在表达同样的意思时使用不同的动词，表达出来的效果绝对不同。

（1）合理使用动词，切合不同的语言风格。

比较：“Ladies and gentlemen，welcome to our school！Now I’d like to introduce our school to you.” 和“Ladies and gentlemen，welcome to our school！Now I’d like to tell you something about our school.”同样是“介绍”，前一句的introduce常用于书面语和较正式的场合，而后一句显然是口头发言，更自然，更符合演讲文体的特点。

（2）巧妙使用动词短语，增强表达的新颖性。

（3）善于利用助动词，增强文章的感情色彩。

当然，在使用动词时，要根据文章的特点，保证动词的时态和语态的正确及主语和谓语在人称和单复数上的一致性。

2. 正确使用关联词，增强语篇结构的连贯性。

英语书面表达的评分标准之所以把衔接和连贯作为核心，是因为衔接和连贯是构成语篇的最基本条件。连接语句的关联词是衡量文章是否连贯的重要标准之一，考生正确使用关联词能够增强文章的流畅性，使文章层次清晰，结构紧凑，过渡自然。

◆关联词汇小锦囊

表示列举和顺序：first，second，third，besides，then，lastly，for one thing，for another thing，at the start，etc.

表示让步关系：anyway，anyhow，whatever，whenever，however，though，in any case，in spite of that，after all，all the same，etc.

表示时间过渡：now，suddenly，later，soon，meanwhile，etc.

表示概括总结：in a word，in conclusion，in short，to sum up，etc.

表示同位关系：in other words，for example，namely，that is to say，for instance，that is，etc. 表示增补和引申：also，in addition，what’s more，to make things worse，moreover，etc.

3. 运用较复杂的句子结构。

（1）使用复合句，如定语从句、状语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句等。

（2）使用变化多样的句式，如倒装句、省略句、强调句、祈使句、感叹句等。

（3）使用非谓语动词。例如：

The weather being fine，a large number of people went to climb the Western Hill.

Africa is the second largest continent，its size being about three times that of China.

这种句子出现在文章中一定令人刮目相看，很自然地就会成为一个采分点。

4. 使用一些插入语或固定短语。

这可以增加文章的色彩，缓和或加重语气，起到润色的作用。常用的插入语或固定短语有：I think，I believe，I hope，I suppose；to my surprise，to my delight；what’s worse，worse still，to make things worse；well；generally speaking；what’s more等。

5. 尽可能使用高级词汇和地道的表达。

例如，2012年江苏高考英语作文可使用bumped into each other，yelling，blame，mean，blocking，pushing and bumping，harmonious，virtue，self-centered，considerate等高级词汇。

6. 确保写作时间。

考试时要提高阅读速度，以确保书面表达有足够的时间，从而高质量地完成写作。

7. 注重书写，追求卷面美观。

书面表达属于主观性试题，阅卷老师的主观印象直接关系到考生的得分高低，而书写是否工整、卷面是否美观很大程度上会影响阅卷老师对文章的印象。

五、经典示例

请根据你对以下两幅图的理解，以“Actions Speak Louder than Words”为题，用英语写一篇作文。（2013江苏卷）

参考词汇：banner （横幅）stump （树桩）

你的作文应包括以下内容：

1. 简要描述两幅图的内容；

2. 概述你对两幅图中不同做法的理解；

3. 举例说明两幅图对你的启示。

注意：

1. 可参照图片适当发挥；

2. 作文词数150 左右；

3. 作文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。

审题：

这是一篇看图写作题，主要考查考生综合运用语言的能力，要求考生通过观察和分析两幅图，把图画转化成文字信息。考生不能只按照试题里的提示进行逐句翻译，而是要在充分领会提示的前提下，用自己的语言写成一篇内容充实、语言正确、句子连贯、用词贴切的作文。要点：

第一段：描述图画（描述两幅图的内容）

第二段：揭示画旨（概括你对两幅图中不同做法的理解）

第三段：发表启示（举例说明图画给你的启示）

范文：

People celebrate Earth Day differently. In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain，while Picture 2 shows a couple happily planting trees.

The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.” Our earth is suffering severe damage. Should we just pay lip service or take practical measures to protect it？The answer is definitely the latter. Immediate actions should be taken，like stopping cutting down trees，to better the environment.

Actions are important in other fields，too. Instead of shouting empty slogans，it is more meaningful to donate books and sports goods to children in need. We should strictly and voluntarily follow traffic rules，stopping at the red light rather than complaining about traffic jams. Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.

赏析：

重点

短语 put up a banner竖起一面旗子

in vain徒劳

suffer severe damage遭受严重破坏

take practical measures采取实际措施

better the environment优化环境

follow traffic rules遵守交通规则

make a difference起作用，有影响

高级

句型 Only when we...can we... 只有当我们……时，我们才能……

match...with... 使……与……相称\

首先，要对图片进行描述。然后，说明图片揭示的现象或道理。最后，提出你自己的观点，改进建议等。

1.开头

Look at this picture./The picture shows that.../From this picture, we can see.../As is shown in the picture.../As is seen in the picture...

2.衔接句

As we all know, .../As is known to all,.../It is well known that.../In my opinion,.../As far as I am concerned,.../This sight reminds me of something in my daily life.

3.结尾句

In conclusion.../In brief.../On the whole.../In short.../In a word.../Generally speaking.../As has been stated...

希望对你有帮助。(^_^)

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