【美联英语】英语语法+高中英语语法手册12

关于英语那些你不知道的事都在这里

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美联英语提供：高中英语语法手册12

A.something new

B.new something

C.the something new

D.the new something

6.---What a nice fire you have in your fireplace!

---During the winter I like my house____________.

A.warmly and comfortable

B.warm and comfortable

C.warm and comfortably

D.warm and comfortable

7.Winning from a lottery ticket(奖券) have brought people____________.

A.wealth

B.wealthy

C.wealthily

D.wealthier

8.Dracula and Frankenstein are____________film characters.

A.frighten

B.frightened

C.frightening

D.frightenly

9.The flower is very beautiful.And it smells______.

A.pleasant

B.pleased

C.well

D.nicely

10.We drank___________coffee at the cafe(咖啡馆).

A.very good hot some

B.some very hot good

C.some very good hot

D.some good very hot

11._________temptle you visited yesterday was constructed by the ancient

Chinese.

A.The eight-centuries-old

B.The eight-century’s-old

C.The old-eight-centuries

D.The eight-century-old

12.What you’ve said sounds__________.

A.correct

B.correctly

C.correctness

D.correcting

13.There was a__________talk between the teams last week.

A.friend

B.friendship

C.friendly

D.readly

14.Jane pushed the door_________and went in hurriedly.

A.opened

B.open

C.openly

D.opening

15.They all looked_________at the master and felt quite_________.

A.sad sad

B.sadly sadly

C.sad sadly

D.sadly sad

16.We ere very_________to him for his help.

A.thanks

B.thanked

C.thankful

D.thankfully

17.He looked dead but the faint pulse proved that he was still__________.

A.live

B.life

C.alive

D.lively

18.The storm kept me_________all through the night.

A.awake

B.awoke

C.awaked

D.awoken

19.This is a__________clock .

A.nice Swiss little

B.nice little Swiss

C.little nice Swiss

D.Swiss nice little

20.At the meeting ,they kept___________all the time.

A.silent

B.silencely

C.silently

D.quietly

21.She spent___________time studying French.

A.much so

B. so much

C.such much

D.so many

22.----Mrs William is always beautifully dressed.

----She wears______nice clothes.

A.so

B.such

C.such a

D.so much

23.----Did you hear the phone ring last night?

----I didn’t hear anything.I was_____that I didn’t wake up.

A.very tired

B.so tired

C.such tired

D.enough tired

24.I never saw Mr wang again,______did I hear from him.

A.nor

B.so

C.either

D.hardly

25.I have the radio set reapired________.

A.however

B.still

C.already

D.yet

26.----How was the examination?

----It wsan’t very difficult,but it was______long.

A.too much

B.so much

C.very much

D.much too

27.He______lives in the house where he was born.

A.already

B.yet

C.still

D.ever

28.The weather was______worse than I had expected.

A.fairly

B.quite

C.much

D.very

29.The patient’s progress was encouraging as he could______get out of bed

without help.

A.nearly

B.only

C.hardly

D.badly

30.He wasn’t______to buy a color TV.

A.too rich

B.enough rich

C.rich enough

D.so rich

31.If the taxi arrives______,you will miss your flight.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/267205748.html,tely

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/267205748.html,st

C.more later

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/267205748.html,te

32.When I entered his bedroom,he was______awake.

A.wide

B.widely

C.very

D.wholly

33.She was afraid to be left______in the______island.

A.lonely;alone

B.alone;alone

C.lonely;lonely

D.alone;lonely

34.I think you will become an excellent artist______in the future.

A.at some time

B.sometimes

C.sometime

D.some times

35.______no one likes to do such a kind of work.

A.Nearly

B.Near

C.Almost

D.Most of

36._______after he took office,the Southern states rebelled.

A.Short

B.Shorter

C.Shortly

D.Shortest

37. “If you want a ride,”said Brenda, “get ready now._____,I’m going______.”

A.Therefore;alone

B.Otherwise;alone

C.So;lonely

D.However;lonely

38.----What did you think of the concert?

----Oh,it was______success.

A.a very

B.quite a

C.so

D.really

39.If it is the best thing to do,it cannot be done______soon.

A.too

B.also

C.either

D.neither

40.That railway extends_________.

A.the west

B.to west

C.westward

D.in the west

41.He is_____ interested in English. He often works at it until_____into the night.

A.deep;deep

B.deeply;deep

C.deep;deeply

D.deeply;deeply

42.Bruce is a________good player,but John is a______bad one.

A.fairly;rather

B. fairly; fairly

C.rather;rather

D.rather; fairly

43.The stockings are so worn that they can’t be mended________.

A.no longer

B.no more

C.any longer

D.any more

44.Mr Smith is______respected by his students.

A.quite

B.rather

C.much

D.very

45.The old man said that the design and the colour were_______and the clothes fit

him _______.

A.perfectly;perfect

B.perfect;perfectly

C.perfectly;perfectly

D.perfect;perfect

46.I don’t think football is______than basketball.

A.more excited by far

B.by far exciting

C.a great deal excited

D.a lot more exciting

47.----Which do you find_____to learn,Japanese or English?

----English.

A.easy

B.easier

C.more easily

D.it much easier

48.----What about Mary’s English?

----It’s better than_______in the class.

A.any student’s

B.any other student

C.anyone else

D.any other student’s

49.Of the two oceans,the Pacific is_______.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/267205748.html,rger

B.the larger

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/267205748.html,rgest

D.the largest

50.John is______cleverest boy in the school.

A.far

B.the far

C.by far

D.by far the

51.Chinese must have the_______number of speakers in the world.

A.more

B.much more

C.most

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52.----Have you decided which you like better,the round table or the square table?

----Of the two,the round one is_______.

A.the nicest

B.the nicer

C.nicer

D.a nice one

53.----Why are you moving?

----Bcause our new house has______space than the old one.

A.a lot more

B.a lot of c.more less D.more of

54. —The cake is delicious.

—Well, at least it's the one I baked yesterday.

A.as worse as

B.no worse than

C.no better than

D.not better than

55.Little Tom is_______polite boy.

A.a most

B.a more

C.the most

D.the more

56.----I didn’t do well in the exam.How about you?

----I did_____you.

A.not better than

B.as well as

C.no worse than

D.no better than

57.I’ve been taking medicine for cold,and now I feel_______.

A.well

B.good

C.better

D.best

58.Staying in a hotel for a day costs______renting a house in the country for a week.

A.twice more than

B.twice as much as

C.as much as twice

D.as much twice as

59.----How tall your brother is!

----He’s_______I when I was at his age.

A.not so tall than

B.no taller as

C.not taller more than

D.no taller than

60.The facilities of the older hospital________.

A.is as good or better than the new hospital

B.is as good as or better than the new hospital

C.are as good or better than the new hospital

D.are as good as or better than the new hospital

61.----Why didn’t you go to the concert last week?

----There was something______pleasant.

A.far

B.much more

C.more less

D.little

62.Will you tell me about the______news?

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/267205748.html,ter

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/267205748.html,tter

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/267205748.html,test

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/267205748.html,te

63.It takes______time to go to Shanghai by plane than by train.

A.more

B.longer

C.fewer

D.less

64.A Tale of Two Cities is______a novel.It helps us to understand the history of that

time.

A.not more than

B.no more than

C.less than

D.more than

65.We must make as______mistakes as possible.

A.few

B.fewer

C.little

D.a little

66.My hometown has bridge.

A.a stone old fine

B.an old stone fine

C.a fine old stone

D.an old fine stone

67. I had never spent a day.

A.more worry

B.most worrying

C.more worrying

D.most worry

68. I can run you.

A. fast as

B.so fast as

C.as fast as

D.faster as

69.There is I want to tell you.

A.something new

B.new something

C.the something new

D.the new something

70. Would you be do it for me ,please?

A.kind enough

B.kind as to

C.so kind as to

D.so kind to

71.They all looked at the master and felt quite .

A.sad ,sad

B.sadly;sadly

C.sad;sadly

D.sadly;sad

72.We have not had day as this for many weeks.

A.a so hot

B.so hot a

C.so a hot

D.a too hot

73. after the fire broke cut,it was put out.

A.Short

B.Shorter

C.Shortly

D.Shortest

74.The buses run every minutes.

A.few

B. a few

C.many

D.other

75.She spent on her new coat.

A.quite a little money

B. money quite a little

C.quite little money

D.quite a few money

答案：1.C 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.D 12.A 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.C 17.C 18.A

19.B 20.A 21.B 22.B 23.B 24.A 25.C 26.D 27.C 28.C 29.A 30.C 31.D 32.A 33.D 34.C 35.C 36.C 37.B 38.B 39.A 40.C 41.B 42.A 43.D 44.C 45.B 46.D 47.B 48.D 49.B 50.D

51.D 52.B 53.A 54. B 55.A 56.D 57.C 58.B 59.D 60.D 61.B 62.C 63.D 64.D 65.A 66.C 67.

C 68.C 69.A 70.C 71.

D 72.B 73.C 74.A 75.A

第八章介词

一、概述

介词又叫前置词，是一种虚词，在句子中不能单独使用。只能与名词、代词等构成介词短语，在句中作状语、后置定语、表语和补语等。介词的作用则是表明它后面的名词或代词（或相当于名词的其它词类、短语或从句）与其它句子成分的关系。单音节词一般不重读，具有两个或两个以上音节的介词有一个音节要重读。

-What do you want with those old boxes? --你留着那些箱子干什么用？（作状语）-To put things in when I move to the new flat. --搬家时放东西用。

I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it and waited.我坐在一把有网眼的新式椅子上等候着。（作chairs的定语）

She is among my most welcome visitors.她是我最欢迎的来访者之一。（作表语）I found myself in hospital when I came to myself.我醒来时发现自己躺在医院里。（作

宾补）

二、介词的位置

1、介词通常位于名词或代词前

The sunlight came in through the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.阳光从天窗穿射入，照亮了整个房间。

This work is beyond my grasp.这件工作非我力所能及。

Shall we rest in the shade beneath these trees?我们在树下阴凉处休息一下好吗？

2、在某些结构中介词可以放在句尾

（1）在特殊疑问句中

在特殊疑问句中，介词可以放在句尾，和宾语分开，但依然存在着介宾关系。

Who (m) were you speaking to just now? 你刚才在和谁说话？

Which desk did you put the book on? 你把书放在那个桌子上了？

Who is she talking with? 她在和谁说话？

注意：介词也可放在句首疑问词之前连同疑问词一起引起疑问句。

With whom did you go to the cinema? 你和谁一起去看电影的？

Since when have you lived here? 从什么时候你住在这里？

（2）在定语从句中

在定语从句中，位于关系代词之前的介词，可以放在句尾，这种情况下关系代词可以省略；也可以放在关系代词前引导定语从句，介词不可放在that之前。

The room I live in is quite damp.我住的房子很潮湿。（关系代词which/that省略）

= The room in which I live is quite damp. (但不能用in that)

He is the man whom you can turn to for help.

He is the man to whom you can turn for help.他是你可以求助的人。

（3）某些wh-词引导的名词性从句中，关系代词为介词宾语位于句首时，介词后置Money is what he is badly in need of at present.目前，钱是他最需要的。

I don't know what he looks like.我不知道他长什么样？

（4）动词不定式作状语，需要介词同句中的主语构成动宾关系时，介词后置

The room is comfortable to live in.这间房子住起来和舒服。

The lake is safe to swim in.在这个湖里游泳很安全。

The man is hard to deal with.这个人很难对付。

（5）动词不定式作定语，需要介词同不定式所修饰的名词构成动宾关系时，介词后置

It's a nice restaurant to eat at.在这家饭馆吃饭真好。

In those days he even had no money to buy food with.那时，他甚至连买饭的钱都没有。

3、在某些“（不及物）动词+介词”结构中介词紧跟动词后面

The thief broke into the room.小偷闯入了哪个房间。

He had to look after his sister.他要照看他妹妹。

三、介词短语在句中的作用

1、介词的宾语（prepositional phrase）

介词后面的名词或相当于名词的词语叫做介词宾语，介词宾语不仅是名词和代词，还可以

是其他词类或句子

（1）名词

The word "write" has the same pronunciation as the word "right". “w rite”这个单词与“right”这个词发音一样。

I have lived in Beijing since 1996.自1996年以来我就居住在北京。

The mayor intended to get to the bottom of the matter.市长打算将此事寻根究底。（2）代词

Give the book to him. 把这本书给他。

Wherever he went, he carried the camera with him.不论他到哪里，他都带着相机。（3）形容词

In short, I have done my best. 简而言之，我已经尽力了。

His pronunciation is far from perfect.他的发音远不是完美的。

（4）副词

It's far away from here.离这很远。

Since then, he has developed another bad habit.自那以后,它养成了另一种坏习惯。（5）动词的-ing形式

I'm looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation.我盼望今年暑假见到你。

I insist on your being there. 我坚持要你在那里。

（6）不定式

He had no other choice but to sleep.除了睡觉他没有别的选择。

I've done everything you wanted except make the bed.你要我干的是我全干了，只是没铺床。

（7）介词短语

He lived from across the street.他从街对过住。

She pull him out from under the table.她从桌下把他拖出来。

He read till into the night.他一直读到深夜。

（8）数词

In nine out of ten he won't come.十之八九他不来。

The students are walking in the garden in twos or threes.学生三三两两的在公园里散步。

It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour.它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。

He left on Monday and returned after three days.他星期一走的，三天后回来的。（9）疑问词+不定式

That depends on which method to take.这取决于采用那种方法。

I have informed her of when to start.出发的时间，我已通知他了。

（10）wh-词引导的从句

I know nothing about it except what I have read in the papers.除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知。

I have no interest in what he said.我对他的话不感兴趣。

He has done everything except what I asked him to d o.他什么都做了，就是没做

我让他做的。

That depends on whether he has his persistence.那要取决于他是否能坚持到底。（11）that引导的从句

that引导的从句，除了in that, except that, save that, but that, notwithstanding that外，作其他介词宾语时，必须在介词和that之间架上先行词一般式it。

His report is correct except that some details are omitted.除了有些细节未提到之外,他的报导是正确的。

Man differs from other animals in that man can think and speak.任何其他动物的区别在于人能思维能讲话。

比较：

We may depend on that they will do as they have promised. (误)

We may depend on it that they will do as they have promised.（正）我们可以相信他们按他们所许诺的那样去做。

2、介词短语的功能

（1）作主语

From my home to the school is two hours' walk.从我家到学校要走两个小时。

On purpose or not on purpose is of great difference.故意的和无意的迥然不同。（2）作表语

Mr. Smith is from America.史密斯先生是美国人。

The stamp is of great value.这枚邮票很珍贵。

He looks like his father.他像他爸爸。

（3）作宾语

I'll give you until tomorrow.我给你限期到明天。

A pretty girl appeared from behind the curtain.从帘子后面走出一位美女。

She pulled him out from under the bed.她把他从床底下拉出来。

（4）定语

A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真知。

The man with glasses on there is Mr. John.那边戴眼镜的男人是约翰。

（5）状语

Because of the warm and sunny weather oranges grow very well here.由于天气暖和，日光充足，这里的桔子生长良好。

She sat in the shade under a tree. 她坐在树阴下。

（6）补语

We regard him as our friend.我们把他看作朋友。

They found themselves in a dark wood.他们不觉走入一座黑暗的树林。

四、介词的分类

1、从构成上分

（1）单介词（simple preposition）

in, at, from, on, since等，单一介词。

（2）复合介词（compound preposition）

as for至于, as to关于，至于onto到…上面去，within在…之内，nearby在…附近等，由两个介词组成。

（3）二重介词（double preposition）

from behind从…的后面until after直到…之后from among从…当中，等由两个介词搭配而成，但没有符合借此那样固定。

（4）短语介词（phrase preposition）

owing to 由于，instead of 代替，而不in spite of，不顾、尽管，in favor of赞成by means of依靠in front of 在……之前，according to按照、依靠in addition to加之于…上，除…外，等由短语构成。

（5）分词介词（participle preposition）。

considering考虑到，regarding关于，including包括，等由动词的-ing形式转化而来。

2、从词义上分

（1）表示位置、地点、地方、距离等的介词。

aboard, about, across, after, among, around, at, before, behind, below, beside, between, beyond, by, down, for ,from, in, inside, near, of, off, out of, through, under, up, with, without, within等。

（2）表示钟点、日期、时间、时期等的介词。

about, after, around, as, at, before, behind, between, by, during, for, from, in, into, of, over, past, since, through, throughout, till, until, towards, within等。

（3）表示状态、形势、情况、境遇、形式、形状的介词。

about, above, after, against, as, at, before, behind, below, beside, between, by, for, from, in, of, outside等。

（4）表示方向、倾向、方法、途径、目的、对象等的介词。

after, against, along, at, for, in, over, out of, to, up, with等。

（6）表示原因、理由、条件、影响、结果的介词。

after, at, behind, between, by, for, from, into, of, through, to, towards, with, without等。

（7）表示方式、方法、手段、工具的介词。

after, against, among, at, between, by, for, in, on, over, through, to, under, with 等

（8）表示程度、水平、标准、等级、次序、选择、比较的介词。

above, after, against, at, before, behind, below, beside, beyond, in, from等（9）表示数量、量度、单位、价值、比率的介词。

above, around, at, below, by, for, over, to, under等。

（10）表示归属、所有、含有等的介词。

between, of, to, under, with等。

（11）表示规律、法则、合约、命令、习惯的介词。

against, by, within等。

（12）表示根源、出处等的介词。

among, from, in, of, out of等。

（13）表示分离、区分、排除、让步的介词。

after, besides, between, beyond, but, except, from, off, outside等。

（14）表示转化、变化、代替的介词。

for, from, into, of, to等。

（15）表示相互之间关系的介词。

about, after, between, by, considering, for, in, of, on, regarding, to, with等。（16）表示手段的介词。

by, for, to, with等。

五、使用介词注意的几点

1、介词可兼作副词和连词

介词“支配”着宾语，所以它总是与名词、名词短语、代词或动名词有关；而副词不“支配”宾语，因此它与动词的关系较为密切。

（1）可以兼作副词的介词

这样的词后面有宾语时，起介词作用。词后没有宾语时，它们则起副词的作用（甚至暗含有宾语时亦如此）。副词与介词不同，它在讲话中重读。最常见的可兼作副词的介词有：about, above, across, after, along, around, before, behind, below, beyond, by, down, in, inside, near, off, on, opposite, outside, over, past, round, through, under, up等。We drove round the city.我们开车在城里四处转。

We drove round.我们开车兜风。

A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me.一个青年男子和一个青

年女子坐在我的后面。

A young man and a young woman were sitting behind.一个青年男子和一个青年女子坐在后面。

（2）只能作介词的词

against, beside, except, for, from, into, of, onto, to, per, till, until, towards, upon等，它们需要带宾语。

We sailed against the wind. 我们逆风行船。

She walked towards the door. 她向门口走去。

（3）用作副词而不作介词的词

away, back, backward(s), downward(s), forward(s), upward(s)以及out。

As she walked away, I followed her out of the fair.我跟着她走出了集市。

He put his tongue out. 他伸出舌头。

（4）用作连词的介词有after, as, before, since, till, until等。

He has been here since 2001 .自从2001年他就来到了这里。（since为介词）

We haven't seen each other since he left here.自从他离开这里，我们再未见面。（since为连词）

I've done everything you wanted except(but) make the beds.除了铺床外，你让我做的事我都做了。

2、英语中的许多介词，往往要译成汉语中的动词

英语中的许多介词在汉语中意思几乎相同，也就是说，汉语中的一个词或短语在英语中

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