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初三周周练模板——凌志

初三周周练模板——凌志
初三周周练模板——凌志

1

岚山中学14—15学年度(上)初三物理周周练

(时间:30分钟 总分:50分 出题人:凌志 时间:2014.年9月15日) 一、选择题(每小题只有一个选项符合题意;每小题2分,共12分) 1、下列器件中属于省力杠杆的是 ( ) 2.学校国旗的旗杆下有一个滑轮,升旗时往下拉动绳子,国旗就会上升,对该滑轮的说法,正确的是 ( ) A 、这是一个动滑轮,可省力 B 、这是一个定滑轮,可省力 C 、这是一个动滑轮,可改变力的方向 D 、这是一个定滑轮,可改变力的方向 3.如图1所示,轻质杠杆支点为O ,在已调平的杠杆两端分别挂上一些钩码,每一个钩码的质量相等,杠杆在水平位置平衡,如果两边各拿走一个钩码,杠杆将 ( ) A .仍保持平衡并静止 B .不平衡,向顺时针方向转动 C .不平衡,向逆时针方向转动 D .仍保持平衡,但要转动 4、用如图所示的装置提升同一物体,在滑轮重及摩擦不计的情况下最省力的是 ( ) 5、用一动滑轮将重160N 的物体匀速提起(动滑轮重、摩擦忽略不计),所用拉力为 ( ) A . 160N B . 80N C .320N D . 40N 6、下列关于力F1力臂的作图中,正确的是( ) 二、填空题(每空2分,共16分) 7.下面杠杆中属于费力杠杆的是___ _____(只填序号).

A .简易活塞式压水机的手柄

B .独轮车

C .钢丝钳(老虎钳)

D .开酒瓶盖的扳子

E .镊子

F .理

发的剪刀G .道钉撬 H .天平横梁

2

8、皮划艇是我国奥运优势项目之一,比赛中(如图),运动员一手支撑住浆柄的末端(视为支点),

另一手用力划桨,此时的船桨是 (填“省力”或“费力”)杠杆;运动员用力向后划水,皮划艇就快速前进,这说明力的作用是 的。

9

、如图使用定滑轮时,沿竖直方向向下拉,跟沿斜的方向向下拉,所用拉力的大小 这是因为它们的力臂 。

10、如图所示(不计轮重和摩擦)弹簧测力计的示数都是50N ,则A 物重 N,B 物重 N

11、如图所示,工人用动滑轮将重200N 的木箱匀速向上提升,不计摩擦和滑轮重,在此过程中,工

人用的拉力为 N .

三、作图题(每题2分,共

6分)

12、作出下图在闸刀使用中的两个力臂,并标明L 1和L 2。

13、图乙中为使杠杆OA 保持静止,请你画出在A 点所加最小力F 1的示意图以及阻力F 2的力臂l 2.

14、所示,某人站在A 处用一根绳子和两个滑轮提起物体B ,画出最省力的绕线。

四、实验题 (每空2分,共16分)

15. 在研究杠杆平衡条件的实验中

(1

)实验前没有挂钩码时,

若杠杆右端下倾,则应将左端的平衡螺母向 (选

填“左”或“右”)调节,使杠杆在水平位置平衡。

(2)在如图14所示的装置中,每个钩码重1N (杠杆上每格等距,杠杆自重不计),

要使杠杆在水平位置平衡,小张在A 处应挂 个1N 重的钩码,而邻组

的小强在B 处施加一个竖直方向的力,也使杠杆在水平位置平衡,则这个力的方向应 ,大小为 N 。

(3)本实验得出杠杆的平衡条件是 。

16.如图所示的滑轮是________滑轮,观察图中弹簧测力计的示数,可以知道

使用这种滑轮可以改变________________,不能______________。

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