英美文学题库
Chapter 5 The Modern Period
I. Choose the right answer:
1. The three trilogies of_____Forsyte novels are masterpieces of critical realism in the early 20th century.
A. D. H. Lawrence’s
B. John Galsworthy’s
C. James Joyce’s
D. Thomas Hardy’s
Answer: B (P337)
2. ____is the most outstanding stream-consciousness novelist.
A. T.S. Eliot
B. Richard Brinsley Sheridan
C. James Joyce
D. Oscar Wilder
Answer: D (P317)
3. In his famous poem_____, Yeats explores the problems of death, love, old age and art.
A. "Leda and the Swan"
B. "No Second Troy"
C. "September 1913"
D. "Sailing to Byzantium" Answer: D (P354)
4. ____is a poem concerned with the spiritual breakup of a modern civilization in which human life has lost its meaning, significance and purpose. A. Ulysses B. The Waste Land C. The Confidential Clerk D. Dubliners
Answer: B (P360)
5. The Rainbow and_____are generally regarded as D.H. Lawrence’s masterpieces.
A. Women in Love
B. Son s and Lovers
C. Lady Chatterley’s Lover
D. The Plumed Serpent Answer: A (P370)
6. In ____, James Joyce intends to present a microcosm of the whole human life by providing an instance of how a single event contains all the events of its kind, and how history is recapitulated in the happenings of one day.
A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man
B. Dubliners
C. Ulysses
D. Finnegans Wake
Answer: C (P388)
7. Structurally and thematically, George Bernard Shaw follows the great tradition _______.
A. Modernism
B. Romanticism
C. Realism
D. Naturalism
Answer: C (P323)
8. Galsworthy was a _____writer, having inherited the fine traditions of the great Victorian novelists of the critical realism such as Dickens and Thackeray.
A. naturalistic
B. romantic
C. realistic
D. conventional
Answer: D (P338)
9. In "The Forsyte Saga" by John Galsworthy, a typical Forsyte has a remarkable characteristic-----a strong sense of______.
A. money
B. property
C. success
D. privilege
Answer: B (P339)
10. In "The Lake Isle of Innisfree", William Bulter Yeats expresses his ____________.
A. hope to go abroad
B. desire to escape into a "fairyland"
C. love for common life
D. hatred for war Answer: B (P356)
11. In which of the following poems by Yeats did you find the allusion to Helen and Trojan War?
A. Sailing to Byzantium
B. Down by the Sally Garden
C. The Lake Isle of Innisfree
D. Leda and the Swan
Answer: D (P354)
12. Of the following poems by T.S. Eliot, which is hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th Century English Poetry?
A. Poems 1909----1925
B. The Hollow Men
C. Prufrock and Other Observations
D. The Waste Land Answer: D (P359)
13. "The yellow fog that rubs its back upon the windowpanes,/ The yellow smoke that rubs its muzzle on the windowpanes/ Linked its tongue into the corners of the evening,/ Lingered upon the pools that stand in drains." The stanza is taken from_________.
A. T.S. Eliot’s "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"
B. Emily Dickinson’s "Because I could not stop for Death"
C. Alfred Tennyson’s "Break, Break, Break"
D. William Wordsworth’s "I wandered Lonely as a Cloud" Answer: A (P363---364)
14. Which of the following best describes the speaker of ’The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"?
A. He is a man of an action.
B. He is a man of apathy.
C. He is a man of inactivity.
D. All the above are wrong.
Answer: C (P363)
15. Of the following works by D.H. Lawrence, _______established his position as novelist.
A. The White Peacock
B. The Trespasser
C. Women in Love
D. Sons and Lovers
Answer: D (P370)
16. Which of the following is considered to be a better-structured novel?
A. Women in Love
B. Son s and Lovers
C. The Rainbow
D. Lady Chatterley’s Lover
Answer: A (P372)
17. ’The Lawrence trilogy" refers to the following three plays except ______.
A. A Collier’s Friday Night]
B. The Daughter -in-Law
C. The Widowing of Mrs. Holroyed
D. Lady Chatte rley’s Lover
Answer: D (P373)
18. Which of the following writings is not the novel of D.H. Lawrence’s?
A. Sons and Lovers
B. A Portrait of the Artist as a Yong Man
C. The White Peacock.
D. The Rainbow Answer: B (P369---370)
19. Of the following writings by James Joyce, which is a prime example of modernism in literature?
A. Ulysses
B. A Portrait of the Artist as a Yong Man
C. Dubliners
D. Finnegans Wake
Answer: A (P386)
20. Which of the following is not true according to James Joyce?
A. Ulysses has become a prime example of modernism in literature.
B. Joyce is regarded as the most prominent stream-of-consciousness novelist.
C. Joyce is a realistic writer in English literature history.
D. His novel "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young man" is a naturalistic account of the hero’s bitter experiences and his final artistic and spiritual liberation.
Answer: C (P386---389)
II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:
1. Analyze the poem of T. S. Eliot -"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock"
1) "In the room the women come and go
Talking of Michelangelo"
<1> Why does the sentence repeat in the poem for several times? Answer:
The sentence symbolizes the remote and faraway things, it implies the inability to face up with the reality and the life of the hero. (P363)
2) "And indeed there will be time
For the yellow smoke that slides along the street, ...
There will be time, there will be time ...."
<1> What deep implication can you get from the passage?Answer:
The hero was unable to face up with the life and reality bravely, but he was anxious to find time passing so quickly that he was very depressed. The passage shows the tragic character of the indecision of the young man. (P363)
3) "I have measured out my life with coffee spoons;
I know the voices dying with a dying fall
Beneath the music from the father room.
So how should I presume?
<1> What did the speaker presume?<2> Interpret the excerpt.
Answer:<1> He will propose marriage to a girl, but he dare not. <2> The Excerpt shows the futile and boring life of the upper class. (Every day, they drink coffee, listen to music, but they can’t really enjoy the pleasure of life, leading a boring life.)
4) "I should have been a pair of ragged claws
Scuttling across the floor of silent seas." <1> Interpret it. Answer:If he had been a crab on the ocean bed, maybe he would have been better. The motion of the crab suggests futility and growing old. (P368 注释5)
5) "But as if a magic lantern threw the nerves in patterns on a screen: Would it have been worthwhile" (此节选部分在P367)
<1> Interpret it.Answer: The sentence implies the speaker’s incapability of facing up to love and to life. He is always fearful that others will see through his ideas and truth of falling love, which makes himself live in frightening and restlessness. (P363)
2. "I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree,
And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made:
Nine bean-rows will I have there, a hive for the honeybee,
And live alone in the bee-loud glade"
1) Identify the poem and poet;2) Interpret the poem.
Answer:
1) The poem is "The Lake Isle of Innisfree", which was written by William Butler Yeats. (P355) 2) In the poem, the poet imagined a place where he could live like a hermit, implying that he was tired of the life of his day, he sought to escape into and ideal "fairyland" where he could live calmly as a hermit and enjoyed the beauty of the nature.
3. "North Richmond Street, being blind, was a quiet street except at the hour when the Christian Brothers’ school set the boys free ..., gazed at one an other with brown imperturbable faces."
1) Comment the main tone of the story with the concrete images of the passage.
2) Analyze the theme of the story.3) Explain the devices of symbols with the examples of the article. Answer: 1) The tone of the story is a fine tuned melancholy. The scene is drab, lifeless. The Christian
School sounds like prison -it sets the boys free. The brown color also showed the tone of the story. (节
选部分在P390) 2) The story introduced a little boy’s love experience, expressing his awareness of reality and expectation, and pointing out the drabness and harshness of the adult world. (P385) 3) In this article the author used many images to show the symbols meaning, expressing the frustrated quest for beauty. (P390)For example: The little boy lived with his uncle and aunt -a symbol of the isolation and the lack of proper relationship;His uncle forgot his arrangement is a symbol of the boy’s failure;The deserted train symbol the indifference relationship, and "all the stalls were in closed and the greatest part of the hall was in darkness" and "the upper part of the hall was now completely dark" symbol the destined failure of the boy’s quest for the beauty.
4. "You are not, my son. Battle-battle -and suffer. It’s about all you do, as far as I can see."
"But why not, my dear? I tell you it’s the best ---"
"It isn’t. And one ought to be happy, one ought."
By this time Mrs. Morel was trembling violently ...
"Eh, my dear -say rather you want me to live."
1) Name the works and its writer.2) Who are the two speakers? How do you know her?
Answer:1) The novel is named "Sons and Lovers". It’s the works of D. H. Lawrence. (节选部分在P383)
2) The two speakers are Mrs. Morel and her son (Paul).Mrs. Morel is a strong-willed, intelligent and ambitious woman. Having been disappointed with her husband, a coal miner, she puts all her feeling on her son, hoping to realize her ideas of success, happiness and social esteem. The distorted relationship reflects the inhuman mechanical civilization and the indifference of the men. (P375—376) III. Questions and answers:
1. What are the characters of Modernism? Answer:
1) Modernism rose out of scepticism and disillusionment of capitalism;2) The French symbolism heralded modernism; 3) Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psycho-analysis as its theoretical base; 4) The major theme of Modernism are the distorted, alienated and ill relationship between man and society, man and nature, man and man, man and himself; 5) The Modernists concern about the private, subjective, inner individual and the tone is disillusioned. (P312—313)
2. D. H. Lawrence is regarded as revolutionary, how do you know his works?Answer:
1) Lawrence’s interest lay in the psychological development of his character;
2) He criticized the dehumanizing effect of the capitalism industrialization on human which turned man into inhuman machines and unhealthy animal;
3) He believes the life impulse -the sexual impulse was man’s most important instinct, any conscious repression would cause distortion of the man’s personal ity;
4) He explored the relationship of man and woman in psychology;
5) He believed the alienation and the perversion were caused by the desire for power and money. (P317)
3. What philosophical ideas influenced Modernism?
Answer:1) Karl Marx’s scientific socialism;2) Darwin’s theory evolution -the social Darwinism "survival of the fittest";3) Einstein’s theory of relativity;4) Freud’s analytical psychology;5) The irrational philosophy. (P311—P312)
4. Common sense about "The Waste Land"
Answer: "The Waste Land" is T. S. Eliot’s masterpiece: 1) The poem presents a panorama of physical disorder and spiritual desolation; 2) It reflects the mood of disillusionment, frustration, and despair of the whole post-war generation; 3) It concerns with the spirit breakup that man has lost his meaning, significance, and purpose of life; 4) The poem derogated/criticized the civilized world for its horror, menace, anguish and futility. (P359—362)
5. Analyze the background of the Modernism.
Answer:1) Natural and social sciences advanced greatly, capitalism came into its monopoly stage, the gap between the poor and the rich was deepened;2) The First World War and The Second World War happened, which influenced people greatly; 3) All kinds of philosophical ideas were produced. (P311—312)
6. Say something about Freudian and Jungian’ psycho-analysis.
Answer:1) Multiple/many levels of consciousness exist in the human mind at the same time; 2) Man’s present are the sum of his past, present and future; 3) Truth exists in the unique, isolated, and private world of each individual. 4) The theory creates "steam-of-consciousness". (P316)
7. Why Modernism is different from Realism?
Answer:
In many aspects, Modernism acts against Realism; 1) Modernism rejects rationalism, while Realism stresses it; 2) Modernism includes internal, subjective, psychological world, while Realism stresses external, objective, and material world; 3) Modernism advocates new forms and new techniques, and it casts away all the traditional elements such as: story, character, etc. while Realism stresses it. 4) Modernism works are called anti-novel, anti-poetry, anti-drama etc. (P313)
8. List the representative authors of the "Stream of Consciousness" and explain the theory.
Answer:
1) Stream of Consciousness is a narrative method to describing the unspoken thoughts and feelings of the characters, but not using objective description or conventional dialogue.Authors represent the thought, emotions without logical sequence or syntax and make the characters tell the inner movement of consciousness and the thoughts.
2) The representative authors are: James Joyce "Ulysses"Virginia Woolf "Mrs. Dalloway"Richardson
"Pilgrimage"T. S. Eliot Henry JamesGeorge Eliot (P389)
Part Two American Literature
Chapter 1 The Romantic Period
I. Choose the right answer:
1. Of all the following issues, _____is definitely NOT the focus of the Romantic writers in the American literary history.
A. Puritan morality
B. Human bestiality
C. Noble savages
D. Divinity of man
Answer: B (P401)
2. Hen ry David Thoreau’s work, ________, has always been regarded as a masterpiece of the New England Transcendental Movement.
A. Walden
B. The Pioneers
C. Nature
D. "Song of Myself"
Answer: A (P402)
3. "Nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind" is a famous quote from______’s writings.
A. Walt Whitman
B. Henry David Thoreau
C. Herman Melville
D. Ralph Waldo Emerson
Answer: D (P402)
4. ’Leaves of Grass’ commands great attention because of its uniquely poetic embodiment of________, which are written in the founding documents of both the Revolutionary War and the American Civil War.
A. the democratic ideals
B. the romantic ideals
C. the self-reliance spirits
D. the religious ideals Answer: A (P447)
5. According to Whitman, the genuine participation of a poet in a common cultural effort was to behave as a supreme_________.
A. democrat
B. individualist
C. romanticist
D. leader
Answer: B (P448)
6. The period before the American Civil War is generally referred to as ___________.
A. The Naturalist Period
B. The Modern Period
C. The Romantic Period
D. The Realistic Period Answer: C (P399)
7. In the following works, which sign the beginning of the American literature?
A. The Sketch Book
B. Leaves of Grass
C. Leather Stocking Tales
D. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
B (P399)
8. _____is the author of the work ’The Legend of Sleepy Hollow’.
A. Washington Irving
B. James Joyce
C. Walt Whitman
D. William Butler Yeats
Answer: A (P404)
9. Washington Irving’s ’Rip Van Winkle’ is famous for_________.
A. Rip’s e scape into a mysterious
B. The story’s German legendary source material
C. Rip’s seeking for happiness
D. Rip’s 20-years sleep
Answer: D (P406)
10. Which of the following statement is not true about Washington Irving?
A. Washington Irving is regarded as Father of the American short stories.
B. Irving’s relationship with the Old World in terms of his literary imagination can hardly be ignored
considering his success both abroad and at home.
C. Irving’s taste was essentially progressive or radical.
D. Washington Irving has always been regarded as a writer who "perfected the best classic style that American literature ever produced."
Answer: C (P403---406)
11. The Publication of ______established Emerson as the most eloquent spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.
A. Nature
B. Self-Reliance
C. The American Scholar
D. The Over-Soul
Answer: A (P420)
12. The phrase "a transparent eye-ball’ compares philosophical mentation of Emerson’s. It appears in_________.
A. The American Scholar
B. Nature
C. The over Soul
D. Essays: Second Series
Answer: B (P423)
13. In 1837, Ralph Waldo Emerson made a speech entitled _______at Harvard, which was hailed by Oliver Wendell Holmeasas :Our Intellectual Declaration of Independence".
A. "Self-Reliance"
B. "Divinity School Address"
C. "The American Scholar"
D. "Nature"
Answer: C (P423)
14. _____is the most ambivalent (有争议的) writers in the American literary history.
A. Nathaniel Hawthorne
B. Walt Whitman
C. Ralph Waldo Emerson
D. Mark Twain
Answer: A (P429)
15. "There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity", which author of the following authors does the mention belong to________.
A. Washington Irving
B. Ralph Waldo Emerson
C. Nathaniel Hawthorne
D. Walt Whitman Answer: C (P431)
16. In Hawthorne’s novels and short stories, intellectuals usually appear as________.
A. saviors
B. villains
C. commentators
D. observers
Answer: B (P432)
17. All of the following are works by Nathaniel Hawthorne except_______.
A. The House of the Seven Gables
B. White Jacket
C. The Marble Faun
D. The Blithedale Romance Answer: B (P431)
18. Walt Whitman is radically innovative in the form of his poetry. What he prefers for his new subject is__________.
A. free verse
B. blank verse
C. lyric poem
D. heroic couplet
Answer: A (P450)
19. Which of the following features cannot characterize poems by Walt Whitman?
A. Lyrical and well-structured
B. Free-flowing
C. Simple and rather crude
D. Conversational and casual
Answer: A (P450---451)
20. " The horizon’s edge, the flying sea-crow, the fragrance of salt marsh and shore mud. These became part of that child who went forth every day, and who now goes, and will always go forth every
day." The two lines are taken from____________.
A. "There Was a Child Went Forth" by Walt Whitman
B. "In a Station of the Metro" by Ezra Pound
C. "Cavalry Crossing a Ford" by Walt Whitman
D. "Ulysses" by Joyce
Answer: A (P454)
21. "Moby Dick" is regarded as the first American_________.
A. Prose epic
B. Comic epic
C. Dramatic fiction
D. Poetic fiction
Answer: A (P460)
22. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all EXCEPT________.
A. mystery of the universe
B. sin of the whale
C. power of the great Nature
D. evil of the world Answer: B (P461)
23. Which of the following comments on the writings by Herman Melville is not true?
A. "Bartleby, the Scrivener" is a short story.
B. "Benito Cereno" is a novella.
C. The Confidence---Man has something to do with the sea and sailors.
D. Moby-Dick is regarded as the first American prose epic.
Answer: C (P459---460)
24. The Transcendentalists believe that, first, nature is ennobling, and second, the individual is____, therefore, self-reliant.
A. insignificant
B. vicious by nature
C. divine
D. forward-looking
Answer: C (P402)
II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:
1. "Time grew worse and worse with Rip Van Winkle as years of matrimony rolled on: a tart temper mellows with age, and a sharp tongue is the only edge tool that grows keener by constant use. For a long while he used to perpetual club of the sages, philosophers, and other idle personages of the village. Questions:
1) Please identify the author and the title of the work.2) What’s the meaning of this passage?
参考答案:
1) This is an excerpt from "Rip Van Winkle" by Washington Irving. (P408)
2) With his wife’s dominance at home, the situation became harder and harder for Rip Van Winkle. His wife’s temper became worse and she scolded him for more often. He had to stay in the club with idle people. (P407)
附:Question: Please describe the changes Rip Van Winkle experienced.
Answer: 1) Rip Van Winkle was the hero in Irving’s works. He was a good-natured man, a henpecked (惧内的，妻管严的) husband.
2) Because his wife’s shrewish (泼妇一样的) treatment, Rip had to escape from his home to the little inn in the village. When it failed to give him some restful air, he had to go hunting in the high mountain, where Rip met a stranger, and the man asked Rip to carry keg for him. Then Rip reached the place in the valley, where many strangers were playing nine-pins. Later Rip got drunk after drinking the liquor, which made him sleep for 20 years.
3) Rip woke up as an old man, entering the village learned that his wife had died, he got the freedom of his own,; and the American had been dependent from the control of Britain, he had changed from a subject of the King (George III) into a citizen of the independent new U.S.....
2. " I celebrated myself, and sing myself,
And what I assume you shall assume,
For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you"
Questions:
1) Please identify the author and the title of the poem that had used when published. 2) What is the theme of this poem?
参考答案:1) In the 1856, the title was "Poem of Walt Whitman, an American", then it became "Walt Whitman" in 1860, until 1881, it finally became "Song of Myself". The author is Walt Whitman. (P456--457)2) In this poem Whitman sets forth two principle beliefs:
A. The theory of universality (普遍性), which is illustrated by lengthy catalogues of people and things;
B. The belief in the singularity (个别性) and equality(平等性) of all beings in value. (P457)
3. "Standing on the bare ground, ----my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space, -----all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all." Questions:
1) Please identify the author and the title of the work.2) Please briefly interpret this passage.3). What rhetorical device of "transparent eye-ball".4) Emerson said he want to become a transparent eye-ball, what king idea did he want to express?
参考答案:1) This selection is from "Nature" by Emerson. (P427)
2) In the essay Emerson clearly expresses the main principles of his Transcendentalist pursuit and his love for nature. Emerson develops his concept of "Over-Soul" Or "Universal Mind". Last but not the leas, it affirms the divinity of the human beings. (P423)
3) It used the device of metaphor. (P423) 4) He wanted to tell us: Nature can purify (净化) our quality and let us get comfort. (P243)
III. Questions and answers:
1. The Romantic Period was called "The American Renaissance". Discuss the background of the Romantic Period, and compare it with the Romanticism of Britain.
Answer:
1) The two Romanticism both stress the imaginative and emotional qualities of literature;
2) They all pay attention to psychic states of the characters and exalt the individual and common man;
3) American Romanticism revealed unique characteristics: (difference)
<1> American authors describe their native land,, especially the spirit of the pioneering into the west, the desire for an escape from society and a return to nature;
<2> American writers use local dialect in language;
<3> Puritanism has great influence over American Romantics;
<4> Calvinism of original sin is obvious in their works;
<5> Transcendentalism is very important theory in American Romanticism;
<6> The important setting in American Romanticism are: ①the early puritan settlement; ②the confrontation with the Indians; ③the frontiersmen’s life; ④the wild west; ⑤imagination. (P399—402)
2. Analyze the themes and characteristic of Hawthorne.
Answer:
Hawthorne was a man with inquiring imagination, meditative mind and dark vision to life.
His themes in writing are:
1) Man was born with evil and sin, one source of them is over-reaching intellect, whose image was always villain; (Chllingworth e.g.)
2) Hawthorne was influenced greatly by Puritanism, while he criticized it bitterly;
3) He believed Calvinistic ideas, thinking man was depraved and corrupted; they should obey God for saving the spirits;
4) He concerned the moral life of man and human history;
5) He was keen on the description of man’s develop ment of psychology. (P432—433)
3. Explain the theory of Transcendentalism, then list its important author and works.
Answer:
Transcendentalism is a very important theory in American Romanticism, its main ideas are:
1) Man has the capacity of knowing truth intuitively, or the ability of getting knowledge transcending the senses;
2) Nature is ennobling and individual is divine, therefore, man should be self-reliant.
3) Man is divine/holy and perfectible and man can trust himself to decide what is right and act accordingly; (but to Hawthorne and Melville man is a sinner);
4) Universe is over-soul -a symbol of the spirit, God or the universe, there is an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal "over-soul" -unity of Nature.
5) The important authors are: Emerson (The American Scholar) and Thoreau.
6) "Nature", Emerson’s works, is called the unofficial manifesto for the club. (P421—P422)
4. Hawthorne was a master in using symbol and allegory; cite some example to analyze it.
Answer:
1) Allegorically, Young Goodman Brown becomes an Everyman called Brown, who will be aged in one night by an evil adventure, and the evilness makes everyone a fallen idol in the world.
2) In the angle of Symbol: "Brown look up to the Heaven and resist the wicked one" symbols Brown has the force to resist the evilness of the Nature and he still has the faith to God; but "he is alone in the forest" symbols the society is the place full of sins and evilness, Brown’s strength is not enough at all; then after returning, he lives a dismal and gloomy life symbols he has been crushed down by the social evilness and lost his belief in goodness and piety. (P434—435)
5. Washington Irving was called "Father of the American short stories" and "the American Goldsmith". What characteristics did he have?
Answer:
1) He was nostalgic author, and he always juxtaposing the Old and the New world;
2) He remained a conservative and always exalted a disappearing past, and he prefer the past to present, prefer a dream-like world to a real one;
3) His stories were always from legend, especially German legends, showing best classic style. (P405—406)
6. Sea adventures are Melville’s favorite subject; "Moby-Dick" is a great novel in the theme, which is also noted for its symbolism, please analyze it in detail.
Answer:
1) About the sea adventure: it symbols the voyage of the mind in quest of the truth and knowledge of the universe; a spirit exploration into man’s deep reality and psychology;
2) About the boat; it symbols the society, and the crew symbol all kinds of people with different social and ethnic ideas;
3) About the white whale: To the author, it symbols nature, it is a complex, unfathomable and beautiful; To the captain Ahab, it is evilness, is a wall. So he will lead all his crew to cut through the wall to dig out all the unknown, mysterious things behind it. To the narrator, Ishmael, it is a mystery. (P460—461) 7. Walt Whitman is a unique poet. Can you explain what make him unique?
Answer:
1) His themes are: Democracy; the Revolutionary War and the Civil War; freedom; openness; brotherhood; individualism; the growth of industry and the wealth of the cities; universality.
2) His styles are special: "free verse"; "catalogue"; simple and even crude language. (P448-551) PART TWO: AMERICAN LITERATURE
Chapter 2 The Realistic Period
I. Choose the right answer:
1. Emily Dickinson was sometimes curious about the feeling of speech of death and in one of her poems she wrote about the______of death, the title of the poem is "I heard a Fly buzz when I died". A. moment B. suffering C. happiness D. meaning
Answer: A (P518)
2. Theodore Dreiser belonged to the school of literary ______which emphasized heredity and environment as important deterministic forces shaping individualized characters who were presented in special and detailed circumstances.
A. naturalism
B. realism
C. determinism
D. humanism
Answer: A (P524)
3. More than five hundred poems that Dickinson wrote are about nature, in which her general _____about the relationship between man and nature is well expressed.
A. skepticism
B. eulogy
C. happiness
D. denial
Answer: A (P518)
4. "This is my letter to the World" is a poem expressing Emily Dickinson’s _____about her communication with the outside world.
A. happiness
B. anger
C. Anxiety
D. sorrow
Answer: C (P520)
5. Though secluded herself in her own house, Emily Dickinson was never really indifferent of the
outside world, as could be seen in her poems such as "I like to see it lap the Miles", which describes a(n) ______, an embodiment of modern civilization.
A. snake
B. animal
C. the road
D. train
Answer: D (P521)
6. After "The Adventure of Tom Sawyer", Twain gives a literary independence to Tom’s buddy Huck in
a book called_____, and the book from which "all modern American literature comes".
A. Life on the Mississippi River
B. The Gilded Age
C. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
D. The Sun Also Rises
Answer: C (P479---480)
7. Winterbourne is used as a ______in Henry James’s "Daisy Miller".
A. Protagonist
B. Narrator of the events
C. A character of central consciousness
D. Persona Answer: C (P499)
8. Emily Dickinson’s verse is most aptly characterized as ___________.
A. exposing the evils of the society
B. paving the way for the following generation of free verse poets
C. sharing the same poetic conventions as Walt Whitman
D. exhibiting sensitiveness to the symbolic implications of experience, such as love, death, immortality and etc.
Answer: D (P518)
9. The author of "The Portrait of a Lady" is best at_______.
A. probing into the unsearched secret part of human life
B. a truthful delineation of the motives, the impulses, the principles that shape the lives of actual men and women.
C. a dramatizing the collisions between two very different cultural systems on an international scene
D. disclosing the social injustices and evils of a civilized society after the Civil War.
Answer: C (P496)
10. The period ranging from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to as _____________.
A. the Age of Realism
B. the Age of Modernism
C. the Age of Romanticism
D. the Age of Colonicalism
Answer: A (P471)
11. Who exerts the simple most important influence on literary naturalism?
A. Emerson
B. Jack London
C. Theodore Dreiser
D. Darwin
Answer: D (P475)
12. One of the most familiar themes in American naturalism is the theme of human "______".
A. bestiality
B. goodness
C. compassion
D. greed
Answer: A (P476)
13. ______is considered by H.L. Mencken as "the true father of our national literature."
A. Hemingway
B. Poe
C. Irving
D. Twain
Answer: D (P477)
14. Mark Twain wrote most of his literary works with a _______language.
A. grand
B. pompous
C. simple
D. vernacular
Answer: D (P481)
15. Henry James’s fame generally rests upon his novels and stories with________.
A. international theme
B. national theme
C. European theme
D. Regional theme
Answer: A (P497)
16. In the following writers, who is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th century "Stream-of-consciousness" novels and the founder of psychological realism______________.
A. Henry James
B. Mark Twain
C. Emily Dickenson
D. Theodore Dreiser
Answer: A (P498)
17. In Henry James’ "Daisy Miller", the author tries to portray the young woman as an embodiment of ___________.
A. the corruption of the newly rich
B. the free spirit of the New World
C. the decline of aristocracy
D. the force of convention
Answer: B (P499)
18. Which of the following is NOT a usual subject of poetic expression of Emily Dickinson’s?
A. War and peace
B. Love and marriage
C. Life and death
D. Religion
Answer: A (P517)
19. The following titles are all related to the subject that escapes from the society and returns to nature except__________.
A. Dreiser’s Sister Carrie
B. Copper’s Leather-Stocking Tales
C. Thoreau’s Walden
D. Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
Answer: A (P401 / P526)
20. The greatest work written by Theodore Dreiser is__________.
A. Sister Carrie
B. An American Tragedy
C. The Financier
D. The Titan
Answer: B (P525)
21. Closely related to Emily Dickinson’s religious poetry are her poems concerning ___________.
A. Childhood
B. Youth and happiness
C. Loneliness
D. Death and immortality
Answer: D (518)
22. With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene, _________became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.
A. sentimentalism
B. romanticism
C. realism
D. naturalism
Answer: C (P474)
II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:
1. "It was a close place. I took it up, and held it in my hand. I was a trembling, because I’d got to decide, forever, betwixt tow things, and I knowed it. I studied a minute, sort of holding my breath, and then says to my self:
"All right, then, I’ll go to hell"----and tore it up.
It was awful thoughts, and awful words, but they was said. And I let them stay said; and never though no more about reforming."
1) Who was the "I", which book was the passage taken from? And by whom? 2) Why did he think "it was awful thought"? Analyze it.
3) Analyze the characteristic of the hero.
Answer:
1) The character is Huckleberry Finn, the passage is taken from "Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" by Mark Twain. (P489)
2) It is the climax of the Huck’s inner struggle on the Mississippi, when Huck is conflicting whether or not he should write a letter to tell Miss Watson where Jim is, and he is polarizing/contradicting by the two opposing forces between his heart and his head, between his affection for Jim and the laws of the society against those who help slaves escape. Huck’s final decision -to follow his own good hearted moral impulse rather than conventional village morality. During his thinking Huck thinks of the consequence of helping Jim (the runaway slave), he might go to hell, "it was awful thought", with the eventual victory of his moral conscience over his social awareness, Huck grows. (P480)
3) Huck is an innocent and reluctant rebel, a typical American Boy with a "sound heart and deformed conscience". Through the eyes of Huck, the Pre-Civil War American society is fully exposed and we are deeply impressed by Mark Twain’s thematic c ontrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wildness and civilization. (P483)
2. "I should think it might be arranged," Winterbourne was thus emboldened to reply. "Couldn’t you get some one to stay----for the afternoon---with Randolph?"
Miss Miller looked at him a moment; and then with all serenity, "I wish you’d stay with him!" she said. Questions:
1) Please identify the work and the author.2) Please analyze the character of Daisy Miller in literature. 参考答案:
1) It is taken from Henry James’s "Daisy Miller". (P513)
2) She is the American Girl in Europe, a celebrated type who embodies the spirit of the New World. However, innocence, the keynote of her character, turns out to be an admiring but a dangerous quality and her defiance of social taboos in the Old World finally brings her to a disaster in the clash between two different cultures. (P499-500)
3. "We passed the School, where Children strove
At Recess---in the Ring---
We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain----
We passed the Setting Sun---”
Questions:
1) Please identify the poem and the poet;2) What does "the School, the Fields of Gazing Grain and the Setting Sun" stands for?
Answers:
1) The lines are from "Because I could not stop fro Death", Emily Dickinson. (P523)
2) It stands for three stages of life: the School----youth;
the Fields of Gazing Grain----mature period;
the Setting Sun------end of life. (P523)
4. "The Eyes around---had wrung them dry---
And breaths were gathering firm
For that last Onset----when the King
Be witnessed---in the Room----"
Questions:
1) What is the meaning of the first line? 2) What does "the King" refer to? 3) What idea does the poem from which this stanza is taken express?
Answers:
1) It means the relatives and friends had cried and cried so that there were no tears any more. (P521)
2) "The King" refers to the God of death. (P521) 3) The poem expresses that the author even imagined her own death, the loss of her own body, and the journey of her soul to the unknown. (P518)
III. Questions and answers:
1. What are the main ideas of Realists of America?
Answer:
The harsh life and disillusion from the dark memories of the Civil War made the nation dislike the romance, the new generation of writers came up with new inspirations:
1) They were interested in the realities of life. It aimed at the interpretation of the actuality of any aspect of life;
2) People’s attention was now directed the interesting features/things of everyday existence/things -something brutal, sordid/mean, class struggle etc.
3) The authors introduced common people such as: industrial workers and farmers, ambitious businessmen, vagrants, prostitutes/street girls, and unheroic soldiers in fiction;
4) American writers displayed native trends in portrayal of the landscape ad social surface realistically;
5) They formed perfect vernacular style in language;
6) Some authors explored and exploited/used the literary possibilities of the interior life/psychology, such as Henry James;
7) The representatives were: Mark Twain, Henry James, William Dean Howells;
In short, they set the example and pictured the future course for the modernism. (in the subject, themes, techniques, and styles of fiction)
(P472---474)
2. Take examples to analyze the style and theme of Mark Twain.
Answer:
Mark Twain is a great literary of America, H. L. Mencken considered him "the true father of our national literature".
1) Twain’s works like "Adventure of Huckleberry Finn" and "Life on the Mississippi" shaped the views of America and combined American folk humor and serious literature together;
2) "The adventures of Tom Sawyer" and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" proved to be the milestone in American literature, and they were the record of a vanishing way of life in the pre-Civil War Mississippi.
3) The books were noted for their unpretentious, colloquial, poetic, humorous, innocent and free style;
4) The language of Twain was simple, direct, lucid and faithful to truth -"vernacular";
5) Twain was famous for a local colorist, who presented social life through portraits of the local characters of his region -people living in the area, the landscape, the customs, dialects, costumes.
Especially the theme of the Mississippi valley and the West;
6) The work of Twain were always confined to a particular region, historical moment, strong accent, intensified humor to criticize the social injustice and satirize the decayed romanticism. (P477-481)
3. Give a comment on the experience of Carrie.
参考答案：
1) Penniless and "full of the illusions of ignorance and youth", Sister Carrie leaves her rural home to seek work in Chicago, she grows from an innocent, pure country girl to be a girl mature in intellect and emotion, and she becomes a star of musical comedies. But in spite of her success in material, she is not happy but lonely and dissatisfied.
2) Sister Carrie best embodies Dreiser’s naturalistic belief that while men are controlled and conditioned by heredity, instinct and chance, a few extraordinary and unsophisticated human beings refuse to accept their fate wordlessly and instead strive, unsuccessfully, to find meaning and purpose for their existence. (P527-528)
4. The characteristic and theme analyses of Henry James.
Answer:
1) The Freudian approach is famous in his novels and his literary essays.
2) James took great interest in international themes -the clashed between two different cultures and the emotional and moral problems of Americans in Europe, or Europeans in America in his first period.
3) "The Portrait of A Lay" is generally considered to be his masterpiece.
4) James experimented with different themes and forms in his middle period.
5) In his last an major period, James returned to his "international-theme."
6) The typical pattern of the conflict between the two cultures would be that of a young American man or an American girl (Daisy Miller) who goes to Europe and affronts/met with his or her destiny. The unsophisticated boy or girl would be beguiled, betrayed, cruelly wronged at the hands of those who pretend to stand for the highest possible civilization.
7) He focuses on psychological approach. His fictional world is concerned more with the inner life of human beings -this emphasis on psychology and on the human consciousness proves to be a big breakthrough in novel writing.
8) He is regarded as the forerunner of the 20th century "stream-of-consciousness" novels and the founder of psychological realism.
9) James avoids the authorial omniscience as much as possible and makes his characters reveal themselves with his minimal intervention. (P495-498)
5. The period from 1865 to 1914 has been referred to the Age of Realism (The Gilded Age) in the literary history of the United States, why did it happen and what characters did it have?
Answer:
1) The American society after the Civil War provided rich soil for the rise and development of Realism, and Civil War affected the social and the value system of the country, America had transformed into an industrialized and commercialised society.
2) The war stimulated the technological development;
3) The booming economy and industry stepped up urbanization;
4) The phenomenon of polarization is serious;
5) People became doubtful about the human nature and the benevolence/grace of God;
6) Gone was the frontier, the spirit of the frontiersman/pioneer, the spirit of freedom and the American dream. (P471---472)
6. Please analyze the characteristics of Emily Dickinson’s poems.
Answer:
1) Dickinson’s poems are usually based on her own experiences, her sorrows and joys. But within her little lyrics Dickinson addresses those issues that concern the whole human beings, which include religion, death, immortality, love, and nature. (theme)
2) Her masterpiece -----"I heard a Fly buzz---when I died", she looked at death from the point of view of both the living and the dying. She even imagined her own death, the loss of her own body, and the journey of her soul to the unknown.
3) The style of Dickinson:
A: A particular stress pattern: dash“-------”
B: Capital letters as a means of emphasis;
C: Language: brief, direct, and plain;
D: Poem: short, always on single image or symbol (e.g. "I like to see it lap the miles"---------describe a train in the personification of the literary device)
E: Her poems tend to be personal and meditative (e.g. “Because I could not stop for Death”).
(P517---519)
7. In the representatives of "Local colorism", the writers shared some things in common and also had some differences, please analyze them.
Answer:
1) 3 prominent writers differed in the understanding of the "truth": Mark Twain and Howells paid attention to the life of the Americans; Henry James emphasized the "inner world";
2) Howells focused on the rising middle class, while Twine dealt with the region and the people at the forefront;
3) The other local colorists concerned with the life of the small, well-defined region or province, the setting is always the isolated small town;
4) They were nostalgic historians, recording the vanishing way of life, and the fading present. (P474---475)
8. Analyze the theory of Theodore Dre iser’naturalism with example.
Answer:
1) His naturalism emphasized heredity and environment as important deterministic forces shaping individualized characters who were presented in special and detailed circumstances. At bottom, life was shown to be ironic, even tragic.
2) The characters in his books are often subject to the control of the natural forces -especially those of environment and heredity. For example, the hero Hurstwood’s tragic death showed the theory.
3) The effect of Darwinist idea of "survival of the fittest" was shattering. It is not surprising to find in Dreiser’s fiction a world of jungle, where "kill or to be killed" was the law.
4) He criticizes materialistic to the core, living in such a society with such a value system, the human individual is obsessed with a never-ending, yet meaningless search for satisfaction of his/her desires. One of the desires is for money which was a motivating purpose of life in the United States in the late 19th century. For example in his masterpiece "Sister Carrie" he traces the material rise of Carrie Meeber, which indicates the critical attitude of the author.
5) Sexual beauty symbolizes the acquisition of some social status of great magnitude. (P525---527)
9. Darwin’s evolutionary theory gave rise to Amer ican naturalism, what are their characteristics? Answer:
The American naturalists accepted the more negative implication of Darwin’s theory, and used it to explain the behaviours in literary works.
1) They regarded man as the complex combinations of inherited attributes/elements, their habits conditioned/controlled by social and economic forces;
2) They chose their subjects from the lower ranks of the society and portrayed misery and poverty/poorness;
3) They dealt with the nature of the man of "underdogs" -"bestiality", as an explanation of sexual desire;
4) Their languages were unpolished;
5) The naturalists believed that the real and true nature is hidden from the eyes o the individual, or beyond his control;
6) Naturalism evolved/came from realism, but the tone of the authors were more ironic and pessimistic. (P475-476)
American Literature
Chapter 3 The Modern Period
I. Choose the right answer:
1. Ezra Pound is a leading spokesman of the_________.
A. Imagist Movement
B. Chartist Movement
C. Modernist Movement
D. Romantic Movement Answer: A (P553)
2. Strong affinity of the Chinese and Oriental literature can be found in the works of_________.
A. Mark Twain
B. Ezra Pound
C. Emily Dickinson
D. Arthur Miller
Answer: B (P556)
3. In Robert Frost’s famous poe m "Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening", there are four lines like these: “The woods are lovely, dark and deep, / But I have promises to keep, / And miles to go before I sleep,/ And miles to go before I sleep”. The second sleep refers to______.
A. die
B. calm down
C. fall into sleep
D. stop walking
Answer: A (P567)
4. Of the following American poets, whose work was first recognized in England and then in America?
A. Robert Frost
B. Walt Whitman
C. Emily Dickinson
D. Wallace Stevens
Answer: A (P561)
5. "For I have had too much/ Of apple-picking: I am overtired/ Of the great harvest I myself desired" From these lines we can conclude that the speaker __________.
A. is happy about the harvest
B. is tired of the work of apple-picking
C. is not tired when seeing the harvest
D. becomes indifferent of the job
Answer: B (P565)
6. In these lines "The apparition of these faces in the crowd; / Petals on a wet, black bough", Ezra Pound uses the figure of speech of ________.
A. metaphor
B. simile
C. hyperbole
D. contrast
Answer: A (P557)
7. O’Neill’s inventiveness seemingly knew no limits. He was constantly experimenting with new styles and forms for his plays, especially during the twenties when ______was in full swing.
A. Symbolism
B. Expressionism
C. Romanticism
D. Realism
Answer: B (P571)
8. "He got me, aw right. I’m trou. Even him didn’t tink I belonged." In these sentences taken from ’The Hairy Ape’, the words “he” and “him” both refer to__________.
A. Yank
B. God
C. The ape in the zoo
D. A person unnamed
Answer: B (P575)
9. ______is a school of modern painting, whose emphasis is on the formal structure of a work of art and especially on the multiple-perspective viewpoints.
A. Expressionism
B. Impressionism
C. Cubism
D. Imagism
Answer: C (P546)
10. In a class which discuss the Imagist Movement in the United States, we will definitely NOT include________.
A. William Carlos Williams
B. Ezra Pound
C. Gary Snyder
D. Wallance Stevens
Answer: C (P547-548)
11. In which of the following poems by Ezra Pound did you find the allusion to Wi-shang? ____________
A. In a Station of the Metro
B. The River-Merchant’s Wife: A Letter
C. A Pact
D. Hugh Selwyn Mauberley
Answer: B (P559)
12. In 1915, Ezra Pound began writing his great work_______, which spanned from 1917 to 1959.
A. Cantos
B. Collected Early Poems of Ezra Pound
C. Personae
D. Hygh Selwyn Mauberley Answer: A (P554)
13. Robert Frost was the Pulitzer winner on ______ occasions.
A. two
B. Three
C. four
D. five
Answer: C (P560)
13. The founder of the American drama is _______.
A. Arthur Miller
B. Clifford Odets
C. Tennesee Williams
D. Eugene O’Neill
Answer: D (P568)
14. The first full-length play written by Eugene O’Neill is ______.
A. The Straw
B. Beyond the Horizon
C. Bound East for Cardiff
D. The Hairy Ape
Answer: B (P568)
14. Eugene O’Neill’s ’The Hairy Ape’ explores the problem of________.
A. human disillusionment
B. the corruption of human desire
C. human responsibility
D. the loss of human identity
answer: D (P572)
15. Fitzgerald’s fictional world is the best emb odiment of the spirit of_______.
A. the Jazz age
B. the Romantic Period
C. the Renaissance Period
D. the Neoclassical Period Answer: A (P577)
16. Fitzgerald wrote the following except_________.
A. The Great Gatsby
B. In Our Time
C. Tender is the Night
D. This Side of Paradise
Answer: B (P578)
17. "There was music from my neighbor’s house through the summer nights. In his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the chamoagne and the stars...", the two sentences are taken from________.
A. ’The Great Gatsby’ by Fitzgerald
B. ’Sister Carrie’ by Theodore Dreiser
C. ’Moby-Dick’ by Herman Melville
D. ’Daisy Miller’ by Henry James
Answer: A (P583)
18. Which of the following comments on the novel ’The Great Gatsby’ is not true?
A. The Great Gatsby is a novel that is a set against the ending of the war.
B. Gatsby is a mystical figure whose intensity of dream partakes of a state of mind that embodies American itself.
C. Gatsby is the last of the romantic heroes.
D. Gatsby is wealthy but unintelligent and brutal. Answer: D (P581-582)
19. _____is Hemingway’s masterpiece.
A. Farewell to Arms
B. For Whom the bell Tolls
C. The Sun Also Rises
D. The Old Man and the Sea Answer: D (P601)
20. Which of the following best describes the pro tagonist of William Faulkner’s "A Rose for Emily"?
A. She is a conservative aristocrat.
B. She is a wealth lady.
C. She is a prisoner of the past.
D. She has good taste.
Answer: C (P617)
21. Who, disregarding grammar and punctuation, always used "I" instead of "I" to refer to himself as a protest against self-importance?
A. Cummings
B. Wallance Stevens
C. Fitzgerald
D. Ernest Hemingway
Answer: A (P548)
22. Who is the author of the writing "The Grapes of Wrath"?
A. John Steinbeck
B. Eugene O’Neill
C. Fitzgerald
D. Theodore Dreiser
Answer: A (P548-549)
II. Read the quoted part and answer the questions:
1. "The apparition of these faces in the crowded; / Petals on a wet, black bough."
1) From which poem does the stanza come? Who is the author?2) What does t he “petals”mean?3)
英美文学名词解释(1)
Epic: A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecti ng the values of the society from which it originated. The style of epic is grand宏伟的 and elevated高尚的. John Milton wrote three great epics:Paradise Lost,Paradise Regained and Samson Agonistes. Sonnet(十四行诗 A sonnet is a lyric consisting of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter restricted to a definition rhyme scheme Renaissance the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival复活 of art, literature, and learning in Europe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition过渡from the medieval to the modern world.the essence of the Renaissance is Humanism The Renaissance Period A period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. Humanism人文主义 Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. 2>it emphasizes the dignity of human beings and the impo rtance of the present life.Humanists voiced their belie fs that man was the center of the universe and man did not
英美文学 试卷
广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷 考试年度：20010年考试科目代码及名称：807-英美文学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学 [友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！] I. Define the following five terms. (25 points in all, 5 points for each) 1. Symbol 2. The English Renaissance 3. Naturalism 4. Romanticism 5. Transcendentalist Club II. Multiple choice. In this part, there are 20 statements or questions; in each of them, there are four choices marked by A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that is the most suitable to the statement or question. (20 points in all, 1 point for each) 1. Geoffrey Chaucer, the “___________” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London in or about the year 1340. A)Father of English literature B)founder of British literature C)Father of English poetry D) compiler of Canterbury Tales 2. Which of the following is not John Milton's works? A) Paradise Lost B) Paradise Regained C) Samson Agonistes D) Ulysses 3. “My Last Duchess” is a poem that best exemplifies Robert Browning?s ________. A) sensitive ear for the sounds of the English language B) excellent choice of words C) mastering of the metrical devices D) use of the dramatic monologue 4. Shakespeare?s four great tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, ______ and ______. A) King Lear…Romeo and Juliet B) King Lear…Macbeth C) King John…Julius Caesar D) King John…The Merchant of Venice 5. The greatest English critical realist novelist was ______ , who criticized the bourgeois civilization and showed the misery of the common people. A) Charles Dickens B) Emily Bronte C) W.M. Thackeray D) Charlotte Bronte 6. Richard Brinsley Sheridan?s famous comedy, ________ written in 1777, is considered his masterpiece.
英美文学考题-
英美文学 I.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the brackets. 1、The Age of Realism in the literary history of the United States refers to the period from ____to____. A. 1861...1914 B. 1863 (1918) C. 1865...1914 D. 1865 (1918) 2、____is not the representative writer in the Age of Realism in the literary history of the United States. A. Henry James B. Emily Dickinson C. William Dean Howells D. Mark Twain 3、The impact of ____on the American thought and the influence of the 19th century French literature on the American of letters gave rise to American naturalism. A. Darwin’s evolutionary theory B. Marxist theory C. Transcendentalism D. Puritanism 4、____is not the work of Mark Twain. A. Adventures of Huckleberry Finn B. Adventures of Tom Sawyer C. Life on the Mississippi D. The Mill on the Floss 5、Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is against____. A. British colonists B. slavery C. chauvinism D. monocracy II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook . 1、The Age of Realism is also what Mark Twain referred to as “____”. 2、While Mark Twain and Howells seemed to have paid more attention to the “life ” of the Americans, Henry James had apparently laid greater emphasis on the ____ of man. 3、The works of Mark Twain are characterized with ____. 4、In 1859, Darmin published____, which exerted great influence on American Naturalism. 5、____is regarded as “the true father of our national literature”. 6、Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is famous for its characterization of ____. 7、____and the West became Twain’s major theme. 8、In Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Twain makes sharp contrasts between____. 9、Henry James won his literary reputation for his novels of ____. 10、James’s realism is characterized by his ____ approach to his subject matter.
英美文学选读试题详解4
英美文学选读-阶段测评4 成绩：30分 一、Multiple Choice 共40 题 题号: 1 本题分数:2.5 分 ( )is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th—century “stream—of—consciousness” novels and the founder of psychological realism. A、Theodore Dreiser B、William Faulkner C、Henry James D、Mark Twain (P498.para.2)亨利.詹姆斯是美国现实主义文学大师，他的作品往往涉及美国之外的主题，其作品的风格是“心理活动”。被誉为20世纪美国意识流文学的先驱。 标准答案：C 考生答案：D 本题得分：0 分 题号: 2 本题分数:2.5 分 Closely related to Dickinson’s religious poetry are her poems concerning( ),ranging over the physical as well as the psychological and emotional aspects of death. A、love and nature B、death and universe C、death and immortality D、family and happiness （P518para2）迪金森的诗歌涉及宗教和爱情两方面，而其涉及宗教的诗歌往往是以死亡和永恒为主题的，所以答案是C。 标准答案：C 考生答案：A
英美文学名词解释
1. In the medieval period ， it is Chaucer alone who ， for the first time in English literature ， presented to usa comprehensive __picture of the English society of his time and created a whole galery of vivid ___ from all walks of life in his masterpiece “the Canterbury Tales ”。 A. visionary / women B. romantic /men C. realistic / characters D. natural / figures 2. Although ____ was essentially a medieval writer, he bore marks of humanism and anticipated a new era of literature to come. A. William Langland B. John Gower C. Geoffrey Chaucer D. Edmund Spenser 3. Humanism spume from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious ，intellectual side ，for the Greek and Roman civilization was based on the conception that man is the ____ of all things . A. measure B. king C. lover D. rule 4. The essence of humanism is to ______. A. restore a medieval reverence for the church B. avoid the circumstances of earthly life C. explore the next world in which men could live after death D. emphasize human qualities 5. Many people today tend to regard the play “ The Merchant of Venice ” as a satire of the hypocrisy of ___ and their false standards of friendship and love ， their cunning ways of pursuing worldliness and their unreasoning prejudice against _________ . A. Christians / Jews B. Jews / Christians C. oppressors / oppressed D. people / Jews 6. In “ Sonnet 18 ”， Shakespeare has a profound meditation on the destructive power of _________ and the eternal __________ brought forth by poetry to the one he loves . A. death/ life B. death/ love C. time / beauty D. hate / love 7.In The Pilgrim’s Progress, John Bunyan describes The Vanity Fair in a ______ tone. A. delightful B. satirical C. sentimental D. solemn 8. The religious reformation in the early 16th-century England was a reflection of the class struggles waged by the _____. A. rising bourgeoisie against the feudal class and its ideology B. working class against the corruption of the bourgeoisie C. landlord class against the rising bourgeoisie and its ideology D. feudal class against the corruption of the Catholic Church 9. The ______ was a progressive intellectual movement throughout western Europe in the 18th century . A. Renaissance B. Enlightenmrent C. Religious Reformation D. Chartist Movement 10.The 18th century witnessed a new literary form -the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common English people. A. romantic B. idealistic C. prophetic D. realistic 1. The title of the novel “ A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man ” written by James Joyce suggests a character study with strong _________ elements .
英语专业-英美文学试卷及答案-期末
英语专业-英美文学试卷及答案-期末
英美文学试卷A 共9页第 I. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). (10 x 1’=10’) 1. ( ) Chaucer is the first English short-story teller and the founder of English poetry as well as the founder of English realism. His masterpiece The Canterbury tales contains 26 stories. 2. ( ) English Renaissance is an age of essay and drama. 3. ( ) The rise of the modern novel is closely related to the rise of the middle class and an urban life. 4. ( ) The French Revolution and the American War of Independence were two big influences that brought about the English Romantic Movement. 5. ( ) Charlotte’s novels are all about lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for life and love. Her novels are more or less based on her own experience and feelings and the life as she sees around. 6. ( ) The leading figures of the naturalism at the turn of 19th century are Thomas Hardy, John Galsworthy and Bernard Shaw. 7. ( ) Emily Dickinson is remembered as the “All American Writer”. 8. ( )The Civil War divides the American literature into romantic literature and realist literature. 9. ( ) Mark Twain is the first American writer to discover an American language and American consciousness.
英美文学试题
2011年7月试题 1.All of Charles Dickens’ works, with the exception of _________, present a criticism of the more complicated and yet most fundamental social institutions and morals of the Victorian England. A. Bleak House B. Hard Times C. Great Expectations D. A Tale of Two Cities 2. From ____________ on, the tragic sense becomes the keynote of Thomas Hardy’s novels, the conflict between the traditional and the moden is brought to the center of the stage. A. The Return of the Native B. The Mayor of Casterbridge C. Tess of the D’Urbervilles D. Jude the Obscure 3. George Bernard Shaw’s play ____________ shows his almost nihilistic bitterness on the subjects of the cruelty and madness of World War I and the aimlessness and disillusion of the young. A. Getting Married B. Too True to Be Good C. Widowers’ Houses D. The Apple Cart 4. It was only after the publication of ____________ that D.H. Lawrence was recognized as a prominent novelist. A. The Trespasser B. The White Peacock C. Sons and Lovers D. The Rainbow 5. T. S. Eliot’s poem ____________ is heavily indebted to James Joyce in terms of the stream - of -consciousness technique, also a prelude to The Waste Land. A. “Prufrock” B. “Gerontion” C. The Hollow Men D. Lyrical Ballads 6. Charlotte Brontё’s ____________ is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing society, e. g. the religious hypocrisy of charity institutions. A. The Professor B. Wuthering Heights C. Villette D. Jane Eyre 7. Shelley’s greatest achievement is his four - act poetic drama ____________ , which is an ex- ultant work in praise of humankind’s potential. A. Adonais B. Queen Mab
英美文学选读试题详解3
英美文学选读-阶段测评3 成绩：87.5分 一、Multiple Choice 共40 题 题号: 1 本题分数:2.5 分 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/209467764.html,wrence’s novels( )are generally regarded as his masterpieces. A、The Rainbow，Women in Love B、The Rainbow，Sons and Lovers C、Sons and Lovers，Lady Chatterley’s Lover D、Women in Love，Lady Chatterley’s Lover （P370.para2）劳伦斯的成名作是《儿子和情人》，而其代表作是《虹》和《恋爱中的女人》 标准答案：A 考生答案：A 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 2 本题分数:2.5 分 T.S.Eliot’s poem( )is heavily indebted to James Joyce in terms of the stream - of -consciousness technique,also a prelude to The Waste Land. A、―Prufrock‖ B、―Gerontion‖ C、The Hollow Men D、Lyrical Ballads （P358.para3）―Gerontion‖是一部用戏剧式独白写成的诗歌，是《荒原》的前奏曲，也采用了意识流派的文风。 标准答案：B 考生答案：B
本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 3 本题分数:2.5 分 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/209467764.html,wrence’s autobiographical novel is( ). A、The Rainbow B、Women in Love C、Sons and Lovers D、Lady Chatterley’s Lover （P369.para1）劳伦斯的作品大多都是从心理上去探求让人的本能的，同时也反映人性中最内在的东西。其作品《儿子和情人》真实地反映了自己在童年时期的家庭状况，被视为其半自传体小说。 标准答案：C 考生答案：C 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 4 本题分数:2.5 分 The typical representatives of G.B.Shaw’ s early plays are( ). A、Man and Superman，The Apple Cart B、Widowers’ House，Mrs. Warren’ s Profession C、Candida，Mrs. Warren’ s Profession D、The Apple Cart，Widowers’ House （P321-322）。萧伯纳的第一步剧作是Widowers’ House，写于1892年；第二部剧作是Mrs. Warren’ s Profession，写于1893年。 标准答案：B 考生答案：B 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 5 本题分数:2.5 分 It was only after the publication of( )that https://www.wendangku.net/doc/209467764.html,wrence was recognized as a prominent novelist.
英美文学四大思潮名词解释(全英)
Romanticism began in the mid-18th century and reached its height in the 19th century.It was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe.The ideologies and events of the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution laid the background for Romanticism. The Enlightenment also had influence on Romanticism .It was a revolt against the aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature.The movement validated strong emotion as an authentic source of aesthetic experience, placing new emphasis on such emotions as apprehension, horror and terror, and awe.The Romantic literature of the nineteenth century concentrating on emotion, nature, and the expression of "nothing".famous romanticism writers are such as william Wordsworth:lyrical ballods、william whitman ：leaves of grass Realism beginning with mid nineteenth-century French literature and extending to late-19th- and early-20th-century .It was a reaction againest romanticism and paved the way to modernism.the realism is product of europe capitalist system?s establishment and development.the philosophy and science of europe in 19th century has promated its production authors trend to depictions of contemporary life and society as it was, or is. In the spirit of general "realism" ,realist authors opted for depictions of everyday and banal activities and experiences, instead of a romanticized or similarly stylized
英美文学欣赏考题整理及答案
Part One：English Poetry 1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18 ?Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer’s day? And who could `thee` be? Because summer’s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love. ?What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why? Warm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May. ?How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line? Thee is more beautiful than summer. ?What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal? Because humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal. ?What figures of speech are used in this poem? Simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on . ?What is the theme of the poem? Love conquers all, Beauty lives on. 2. Thomas Nashe Spring ?Read the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearing words, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images. There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!” The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit，”impressions me most because of the harmony of the people’s relationship. ?Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poem? In the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θconsonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [ i : ]. 3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning ?What is a “valediction” any way? Is the speaker in the poem about to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning? No, it is about the lover s’separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife’s love is sacred, he didn’t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the ordinary and mundane.
英美文学名词解释 2
01. Humanism(人文主义) Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.2> it emphasizes the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life. Humanists voiced their beliefs that man was the center of the universe and man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of the present life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders. 02. Renaissance(文艺复兴) The word “Renaissance”means “rebirth”, it meant the reintroduction into westerm Europe of the full cultural heritage of Greece and Rome.2>the essence of the Renaissance is Humanism. Attitudes and feelings which had been characteristic of the 14th and 15th centuries persisted well down into the era of Humanism and reformation.3> the real mainstream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama with william shakespeare being the leading dramatist. 03. Metaphysical poetry(玄学派诗歌) Metaphysical poetry is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne.2>with a rebellious spirit, the Metaphysical poets tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry.3>the diction is simple as compared with that of the Elizabethan or the Neoclassical periods, and echoes the words and cadences of common speech.4>the imagery is drawn from actual life. Metaphysical poets(玄学派诗人） It is the name given to a diverse group of 17th century english poets whose work is notable for its ingenious use of intellectual and theological concepts in surprising conceits, strange paradoxes and far-fetched imagery. The leading Metaphysical poets was John Donne, whose colloquial, argumentative abruptness of rhythm and tone distinguishes his style from the conventions of Elizabethan love lyrics. 04. Classcism(古典主义) Classcism refers to a movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Classicism emphasizes the traditional and the universal, and places value on reason, clarity, balance, and order. Classicism, with its concern for reason and universal themes, is traditionally opposed to Romanticism, which is concerned with emotions and personal themes. 05. Enlightenment(启蒙运动) Enlightenment movement was a progressive philosophical and artistic movement which flourished in france and swept through western Europe in the 18th century.2> the movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance from 14th century to the mid-17th century.3>its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas.4>it celebrated reason or rationality, equality and science. It advocated universal education.5>famous among the great enlighteners in england were those great writers like Alexander pope. Jonathan swift.etc. 06.Neoclassicism(新古典主义)