18种名词做主语时的主谓一致原则
一、如果主语是不可数名词, 动名词, 不定式或从句的时候, 谓语动词用单数.
Smoking is not a good habit.
To live happily needs a lot of things.
What I said is true.
二、如果由and 连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候, 用单数动词.
The singer and songwriter is dead.
The science and technology plays an important part in China.
Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients. “War and Peace ” is the best book I have ever read.
如果由and 连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each, every, manya /an, no 的时候用单数名词.
Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.
Each minute and second is valuable to us.
三、主语是单数, 后面跟有with, along with, together with,besides, as well as, but, except, no less than,rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to 的时候, 谓语动词用单数.
Jack with his family wants to go to China.
He, as well as you, is very honest.
No one but I is a student.
Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed
in the accident.
The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible.
四、由some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词(sb,sth---) 和each, either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing 做主语的时候, 谓语动词用单数.
Each of you is cleverer than me.
Neither student has passed the exam.
Is anybody here
五、b oth, few, a few, several, many 的以及others 做主语
时候,
永远用复数动词.
Several friends were invited to the party.
Both books are sold out.
六、a ll, none, any, some, more 和most 要是修饰单数名词, 谓语动词用单数; 若是修饰复数名词, 就用复数动词.
Most of the apple is bad.
Most of the apples are bad.
None of this money is yours.
None of the people here are teachers.
七、由or 连接的两个以上主语时, 动词和最接近的主语一致.
You or he is wrong.
Are you or he wrong
由either ?or, neither ?nor, not only ?but also 连接的两个以上主语时, 动词和最近的主语一致.
Either he or you have to tell the truth.
Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.
Not only the basketball players but also the coach was very nervous.
八、若主语的复数名词表示的是”一段时间” , “一笔钱” , “一段距离” , “一个数量” , “一个面积”的时候用单数谓语
动词.
Two weeks is to enough for me to finish it.
Five thousand dollars is too much.
Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.
九、people（人民）, police, cattle（牛群）等常用复
数动词. 有一些集体名词, 如果表示的是整体就用单数
动词, 如果表
示的是其中的个体就用复数谓语动词. 这样的词常见的
有family, class, audience, public, team 等等.
His family are all singers.
His family is very large. 十、关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词与先行词一致。
Those who want to go please sign their names here. 十一、一些名
词只有复数形式，如clothes, scissors, trousers, shorts,
scales 等，作主语时谓语用复数形式The scales 天平are mine.
但是成双的东西前面有a pair of 要用单数。
This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor.
十二、如果主语由“ a kind of ( a series of ) 构成，谓语一般用单数形式。
This kind of men is dangerous.
如果是多种，谓语动词要用复数。
There are many kinds of apples.
十三、算术式通常用单数。
十四、ics 结尾的学科用单数谓语动词。
十五、书名，剧名，报纸名，国名的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
The united states is a capitalist country.
The Arabian Nights ” is a very interesting story -book.
十六、“ the+形容词（分词）“ 指人谓语动词用复数形式。指抽象谓语动词用单数。
The English speak English.
The new always beats the old.
十七、who, what, which, all,more, most some, any, none, half, the rest, the remainder 等作主语要看各自的情况。十八、one and a half 加复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。
One and a half bananas is left on the table.
主谓一致
主谓一致 姓 名：****** 班 级：英教七 班 学 号：********** “一致”指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。 主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”的方面的一致关系，这又叫“主—动一致”。 1. 指导原则 三种不同的原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则 1）语法一致 主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致。
如果名词中心词是复数，动词就该用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便使用单数形式。这种一致关系叫做“语法一致”。 Both boys have their own merits（优点）. Few students are really lazy. Many people want to go. Two girls were standing on the corner. Each boy has his own book. Either answer is correct. Much effort is wasted. 2）意义一致和就近原则 有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义： 比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词便用复数； 反之，主语在语法形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词也用单数。 这种一致关系叫做意义一致。 The government have asked the country to decide by a vote. Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. Fifty-six dollars was stolen from the cash register（现金出纳机）. 有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语（主要指名词）的单、复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。Either my brothers or my father is coming. Only one out of five were present. No one except his own supporters agree with him. Neither Julia nor I am going. 2. 以-s 结尾的名词作主语的主谓一致问题
专题01冠词、名词和主谓一致-三年高考(2016-2018)英语试题分项版解析Word版含解析
2018年试题 1.【2018·天津】 6. The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space. A. advice B. order C. possibility D. invitation 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是 激励科学家们去探索外部空间。 A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性； D. invitation邀请。故选C。 【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题 语法上是一个同位语从句，从句that there is life on other planets in the universe 是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。根据常识可以判断，宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种 可能性，目前无法证明，从而选出正确答案。 2.【2018·江苏】32. Try to understand what’ｓactually happening instead of acting on the _______ you’ve made. A. assignment B. association C. acquisition D. assumption 【答案】D 【解题指导】本题考查名词辨析。名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题抓住句中的关键 词actually happening实际发生和instead of而不是，可知是假设，从而选出正确答案。 2017年试题 【2017·江苏】24.The publication of Great Expectations, which _______ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】C
专四语法第2节-名词与主谓一致
第二节名词与主谓一致 名词可分为专有名词（Proper Noun）和普通名词（Common Noun），专有名词主要指人名、地名及其他专有名称，如China ,Columbus , Hong Kong , Tom , Diana等。普通名词是一类人 或东西，或一个抽象概念，如book，joy等。普通名词可分为以下四类： 1.个体名词（Individual Noun）：表示某类人或事物中的个体，如：women，pig，treed，desk，pen。 2.集体名词（Collective Noun）：表示个体的人或事物组成的集合体，如：people，family，audience，crowd，flock，swarm。 3.物质名词（Material Noun）：表示一定形态的物质名称，如：water，air，glass，paper，salt。 4.抽象名词（Abstract Noun）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念及学科、疾病等名称 的词，如：work，peace，democracy，truth，joy，fear。 个体名词和集合名词一般可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词（Countable Nouns），物质名词和 抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词（Uncountable Nouns）。 一、集体名词的数 1. 通常作不可数名词的集体名词 clothing 衣物furniture家具baggage/luggage行李equipment设备 jewelry 珠宝traffic交通information 信息foliage叶子,植物 machiner y 机械merchandise商品produce产物scenery风景 这类集体名词的用法与不可数名词相当。 形式上总是单数，没有复数形式，作主语时，谓语用单数。如： Our clothing protects us form cold.衣服保护我们免受寒冷。 The machinery is made in China.这些机器是中国制造的。 不可直接与a(n)或数词连用。表数量时用much, little, some, a piece of, an article of等。如：Each room has four pieces of furniture.每间房有四件家具。 若需用代词，用单数代词，如： Do you want to see my jewelry It is in the box.你想看我的珠宝吗它在我的箱子里。 2. 通常作复数的集体名词 police警察cattle牛，家畜poultry 家禽vermin害虫 clergy神职人员militia民兵 这些集体名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。如： The police are looking for him.警察当局正在找他。 The cattle provide us with milk,0eef and hides.牛给我们提供牛奶、牛肉和皮革。 3.既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词 people人们，人民，〔C〕民族herd牧群flock羊群family家庭，家人 team队government政府crowd人群committee委员会 council理事会crew全体人员staff全体职员party党员 firm商号company公司jury陪审团couple对，双 board董事会group团体gang一伙media媒体army军队enemy敌军union联盟audience听众 public公众，人群mankind人类，〔C〕男子
集体名词作主语主谓一致
集体名词作主语主谓一致 1)通常作复数的集体名词 集体名词,如:police, people,cattle,militia,poultry等, 通常作复数,用复数动词。如: Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides. 2)通常作不可数名词的集体名词 有些集体名词,如foliage,machinery,equipment,furniture,merchandise,通常作不可数名词,随后的动词用单数。例如:All the machinery in the factory is made in China. 3)既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词 集体名词,如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等,既可作单数,也可作复数用。 The city council is meeting to set its agenda. 4)a committee,etc. of +复数名词 如果主语是由“a committee of /a panel of /a board of +复数名词”构成,随后的动词通常用单数。例如: A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter. 近义词辨析 tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn out 这组词均含有“疲惫的”的意思。 tired 可指因体力或脑力消耗太多而需要休息,还可指因长期做某事而失去兴趣。 Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.亨利很疲惫,一到家就上床睡觉去了。
名词与主谓一致
名词与主谓一致 集团文件版本号：（M928-T898-M248-WU2669-I2896-DQ586-M1988）
专题七名词与主谓一致一、考情分析 近年来对名词的考查主要集中在名词词义辨析及并列主语的主谓一致上，其次是名词所有格、抽象名词和物质名词的具体化以及不定数量的词或词组与名词的搭配关系上。 考查考生在理解题干内容的基础上对词汇或语法知识的掌握情况，加重对语境理解及语言知识相融合的考查。 二、名词的数 英语中大多数可数名词都可以通过加-s或–es的方法变为复数名词。不可数名词（抽象或物质）没有复数形式，专有名词一般只有单数形式，只有少数专有名词才有复数形式。 （一）规则变化 （二）一些特殊情况 1. 合成名词变为复数时，通常把主体名词变为复数，如果没有主体名词，将最后一部分变为复数。如： Sons-in-law, passers-by, story-tellers,housewives等
2. family, team, class, group, government, crowd, audience等作主语时，如果作为整体看待，谓语动词用单数，如果看成成员，谓语动词用复数。 某些集体名词，如people, polic, youth, cattle等及clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses 作主语时，谓语用复数。若这类名词与a pair of 等词连用时，谓语动词往往用单数。 3. 单、复数同形的名词如means（方法）作主语时，应根据意义决定谓语动词的单复数。 4. 有些名词呈现了复数形式，如news,manners, politics, physics 等但并不表示复数概念。 5. 有些名词总是在使用时用其复数形式，如thanks, regards, congratulations, goods, works, tears, instructions, directions, respects 等。 6. 有些短语要求用名词复数形式. 如 make friends with shake hands with take pains to do sth. make both ends meet … （三）名词与表示数量的词或短语的搭配
高中英语语法名词和主谓一致【55题】
名词与主谓一致 1. Where and when to go for the on-salary holiday _____ yet. a. are not decided b. have not been decided c. is not being decided d. has not been decided 2. Mary is the only one of the girls who _____ by the headmaster at the meeting. a. uis praised b. are praised c. was praised d. were praised 3. Mary is one of the girls who _____ by the headmaster at the meeting. a. uis praised b. are praised c. was praised d. were praised 4. All life on our planet _____, in one way or another, upon the sun. a. depend b. depending c. depends d. depended 5. Whisky and soda _____ always my favorite drink. a. is b. was c. are d. were 6. Kate as well as her sisters _____ interest in studing Chinese. a. are b. take c. takes d. is 7. More than one graduate _____ sent to the hardest place since 1979. a. is b. are c. has been d. have been 8. The secretary of the Party branch and director of the factory often _____ with the workers. a. works b. work c. is working d. are working 9. His family _____ always quarrelling among _____. a. is; itself b. are; themselves c. is; themselves d. are; itself 10. Some folk _____ never _____ with the present situation. a. is; satisfying b. are; satisfied c. are; satisfying d. is; satisfied 11. Each of the students in our class _____ great interest in English and they each _____ a copy of A New English-Chinese Dictionary. a. shows; have b. have; has c. is; have d. takes; has 12. ---- _____ ypur clothes? ---- No, mine _____ hanging over there. a. Is it; is b. Are these; are c. Is it; are d. Are these; is 13. Either you or the headmaster _____ which student will go to attend that meeting. a. is not decided b. are to decided c. are deciding d. is to decided 14. All but one _____ here just now. a. is b. was c. has been d. were 15. Light and heat _____ often sent out together with heavy smoke. a. is b. was c. are d. being 16. No chair and no desk _____ permitted to be taken away from the reading room. a. are b. were c. is d. be 17. Strangely enough, a pair of new trousers _____ among the rubbish. a. were found b. was found c. found d. had found 18. Large quantities of fruit _____ all over the world from China today. a. is shipped b. are shipped c. has shopped d. have shipped 19. It _____ William and Carol who helped me the other day. a. has been b. are c. was d. were 20. Growing around the lake _____ wold flowers of different colors. a. is b. are c. has d. have
不可数名词 集体名词 不规则名词单复数
不可数名词集体名词不规则名词单复数 不可数名词集体名词不规则名词单复数 【不可数名词】 1、最常见的不可数名词有：advice, baggage, change(零钱), furniture, hair, homework, information, knowledge, luggage, money, news, progress, traffic 2、其它不可数名词还有：absence, age, anger, courage, energy, equipment, experience, failure, fear, food, fun, health, ice, industry, kindness, labour, luck, marriage, music, nature, paper, peace, pleasure, power, pride, rain, research, respect, safety, salt, sand, silence, sleep, strength, snow, technology, time, trade, transport, travel, trust, truth, waste, water, wealth, weather, wind, work（工作） 【集合名词】 有些集合名词， ommittee,council,crew,crowd,family,gang,government,gro up,mob,staff,team, union等，在意义上是复数，但在语法形式上是单数，这类名词作主语的主谓一致问题往往遵循
集合名词的主谓一致
集合名词的主谓一致 篇一：集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题 集合名词做主语的主谓一致问题 1. 通常用作复数的集合名词 police(警察)，people(人)，cattle(牛，牲口)等集合名词，总是表示复数意义，用作主语时，其谓语要用复数： The police were after him. 警察正在追捕他。 People are beginning to talk about her. 人们开始议论她。 Cattle feed on grass. 牛吃草。 注goods(货物), clothes(衣服)只有复数形式，且只表示复数意义： Such clothes are very cheap. 那样的衣服很便宜。 All the goods have been sent to them. 所有的货物都给他们送去了。 2. 只用作单数的不可数集合名词 clothing(衣服)，poetry(诗歌)，baggage / luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，machinery(机械)，scenery(景色)，jewellery(珠宝)，equipment(设备)等集合名词通常只用作不可数名词，表示单数意义，用作主语时，其后谓语动词用单数形式： Our clothing protects us from against the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒。
All their baggage was stolen. 他们所有的行李都被偷了。 The furniture is convenient to move. 这家具搬起来很方便。 All the machinery in the factory is made in China. 这个工厂所有的机器都是中国产的。 3. 既可表示单数意义也可表示复数意义的集合名词 family(家庭)，team(队，队员)，class(班，班上的全体学生)，crowd(人群)，government(政府)，crew(乘务员)，committee(委员会)，audience(听众)，public(公众)等集合名词，当它们表示整体意义时，表单数意义，当它们强调个体意义时，表示复数意义：Her family is a large one. 她的家庭是一个大家庭。 Her family are all tall. 她的一家人都很高。 The team is the best in the league. 这个队在联赛中打得最好。 The football team are having baths. 足球队队员们在洗澡。 It was late, but the audience was increasing. 时间很迟了，但听众人数却在增加。 The audience were all moved to tears. 听众都感动得流了泪。 注有时没有特定的语境，用单复数谓语均可以： The audience was (were) very excited by the show. 观众对演出甚感激动。 The public has (have) a right to know what’s in the report. 公众有权知道这篇报告的内容。
英语中的主谓一致
英语主谓一致 一般说来，谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致。主谓一致涉及三个方面：语法上一致，意义上一致，就近一致。 一、语法上一致 1 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时，谓语通常用单数。 Much milk is offered to him. Reading aloud is very important in learning English. To nod one’s head means agreement.What they said is true. 2 and连接主语时，注意以下几点： 1）由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数，但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人，同一物，同一事，同一概念时谓语用单数。 Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel. The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk. 2) 凡是由each…and each…,every…and every… ,no…and no…, many a… and many a…连接名词作主语时谓语用单数。 Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company. No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village. 3) 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时，谓语用复数。 Good and bad meat in the market are sold out. 4) 不可数名词+并列修饰语作主语时，谓语用单数。 Beer from the USA and Germany is much better that from Britain. 5) 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词，谓语用复数，如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。 The professor and the writer have published a few new books on radio. The tenth and last chapter is written by a young man. 6)由and 连接的第二个名词短语表示否定或带有状语时，谓语的单复数与第一个名词一致。 The teacher, and perhaps his students too, is likely to be present. 7)What 从句的并列式作主语时，并列完整式常用复数，缩略式常用单数。 What he says and what he thinks have nothing to do with me. What I say and do is my own affair. 8) 由and 连接的两个疑问代词、不定式、动名词作主语时，根据意义一致的原则确定单复数。 When and where to build the new factory ________yet.(MET1991) A is not decided B are not decided C has not decided D have not decided 3 主语+介词（短语）：with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, over, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等连接的名词时，谓语以介词（短语）前的主语为准，不受介词后的名词影响。 The man with hs daughters and sons is watching TV. The girls as well as the teacher are dancing. 考例：1）E-mail, as well as telephones,______ an important role in our daily life(1999上海) A playing B play C plays D have played 2) A library with five thousand books_______ to the nation as a gift.(MET 1990) A is offered B has offered C are offered D have offered 4 不定代词either, each, one, another, anyone, anybody , no one, nobody, some one, somebody, anything, nothing, something, everything, everyone, everybody, neither等作主语时，谓语用单数，none做主语时，谓语单复数均可。There is nothing wrong with the machine. Either of the shirts fits me very well. None of the farmers has (have)been abroad. 5 many a (an) +名词和more than one +名词做主语时谓语用单数。 Many an apple is in the basket. More than one stamp has been collected by her.
主谓一致用法归纳一、名词作主语
主谓一致用法归纳 一、名词作主语 ◇family, class, group, team等集体名词作主语 1.若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式。His family is a happy one. His family isn’t large. 2.若指其中一个个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。My family all like watching TV. ◇people, police, cattle等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式。 The police are searching for the thief. People here are very friendly. ◇“the+姓氏复数”表示一对夫妇或一家人时，谓语一般用复数。The Smiths are having dinner. ◇“the+形容词”这类词有：the brave, the poor, the rich,the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead, the deaf and dumb, the injured,the wounded,the unemployed等。 1.表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式。The poor are very happy, but the rich are sad. 2.表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。The beautiful lives forever.美是永存的。 ◇以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式。 No news is good news. Maths (physics) is very popular in our class ◇more than one+单数名词作主语，谓语用单数。 More than one student has ever been to Beijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。 ◇表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。Three years has passed since then. Two months is a long holiday. Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. Ten miles isn’t a long distance. Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。 ◇a number of+复数名词作主语，谓语动词用复数； A number of famous people were invited to party. A number of students have gone home. 2.the number of +复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
高中英语：名词、主谓一致和冠词语法知识点总结
高中英语：名词、主谓一致和冠词语法知识点总结 易错点1 望词生义 同义词、近义词甚至是形近词有着不同的含义和适用场合，要特别注意在特定语境中准确运用词汇和语法知识的能力。平时要努力扩大词汇量，做题时要深入理解语境，整体把握，结合句意作出最佳选择。 名词词义辨析是高考的热点，主要考查考生结合语境区分词义的能力，因而在记忆单词时，一定要结合语境体会其意义。如近几年高考中常出现的： (1)expectation(期望)；reputation(声誉)；contribution(贡献)；civilization(文明) (2)accommodation(住宿)；occupation(职业)；adaptation(适应，改编)；appreciation(欣赏) 易错点2 主谓一致错误 1.如果主语有more than one很多非常，或many a许多，构成，one and a half与单数名词组成的短语。尽管从意义上看是复数内容，但它的谓语动词仍用单数形式。 2.each作主语或修饰主语时 1)单独用作主语(或修饰主语)，谓语用单数： Each student has his own desk. 每个学生都有自己的课桌。 Two boys entered. Each was carrying a suitcase. 两个男孩进来，每人提着一只箱子。【注意】 (1) 两个或多个＂each+单数名词＂结构并列作主语时，谓语用单数。 (2) ＂each of+复数名词或代词＂用作主语，谓语一般要用单数 Each of them was deeply frightened. 他们个个都惊恐万分。 但是在非正式文体中(尤其是当 each of之后的名词较长时)偶尔也可用复数谓语，但很少见，学生宜慎用。 2)each 用于复数名词后作同位语此时谓语动词用复数： They each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英汉词典。 4. 有些名词的单数和复数形式一样，作主语的时候, 其谓语动词单复数由上下文决定(尤其注意其前的修饰语)，这一类名词有： means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese 等。 5. kind＂种类＂作主语 6. 在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如： Between the two windows hangs a picture. 7.＂分数或百分数+名词＂构成的短语以及由＂ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, a heap of, heaps of, half of + 名词＂构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of 后面的名词的数保持一致，这是因为短语中后面的名词是中心词，而短语中前面的量词是修饰语。 8. 表时间长度、钱数、速度等的词组作主语，此时通常将其视为整体，谓语用单数。 易错点3 误用冠词 冠词的考查一直以来是一个易错点，虽然冠词只有3个(a , an, the) 但是麻雀虽小五脏俱全，考查起来往往会弄错。名词第一次出现或泛指时，冠词用a/an，，但名词的首字母是（A、E、I、O、U）发音时，用an, 如：apple, English, important, operation, unusual, 特殊的有umbrella, hour, honest用an, university, unique, usual 用 a。 名词第二次出现用the；①强调特指时用the；②the + 最高级，③ the + 形容词（rich 富人, poor穷人, wounded伤者, dead死者, elderly长者）表某一类人④the+比较级（the
英语语法 名词做主语时的主谓一致原则
名词做主语时的主谓一致原则 一、如果主语是不可数名词,动名词,不定式或从句的时候,谓语动词用单数. Smoking is not a good habit. To live happily needs a lot of things. What I said is true. 二、如果由and连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候,用单数动词. The singer and songwriter is dead. The science and technology plays an important part in China. Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients. “War and Peace” is the best book I have ever read. 如果由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each, every, many a/an, no的时候用单数名词. Every boy and girl in the class works very hard. Each minute and second is valuable to us.
三、主语是单数, 后面跟有with, along with, together with,besides, as well as, but, except, no less than,rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to 的时候, 谓语动词用单数. Jack with his family wants to go to China. He, as well as you, is very honest. No one but I is a student. Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed in the accident. The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible. 四、由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词(sb,sth---)和each, either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing做主语的时候,谓语动词用单数. Each of you is cleverer than me. Neither student has passed the exam. Is anybody here? 五、both, few, a few, several, many以及others做主语的时候, 永远用复数动词. Several friends were invited to the party.
名词与主谓一致
专四语法考点 名词与主谓一致（2） 七．主谓一致 主谓一致（subject-verb agreement）指主语与谓语“人称“和“数”方面的一致关系。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系有以下三个原则支配：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。 1.不定式、动名词以及从句作主语时应视为单数，谓语动词用单数形式；但如果主语为and 连接的连个不定式、动名词以及从句时，谓语用复数形式。 Reading often means learning.阅读经常意味着学习。 To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天早晨朗读英语有许多好处。 Having enough sleep and doing regular exercises are beneficial to your health.睡眠充足和经常运动有益身心。 2.挡住育有安定链接，表示同一个人、统一无、同一事或者同一概念时，谓语动词用单数， 此时and连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。 The composer and singer was well received by audience.那个作家兼歌星受到了听众的认可。 3.由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each，every，many，a（n），no时，谓语动词 用单数。 No teacher and (no)student was here.没有一个老师和学生在这里。 4.each，every，each and every，either，neither，one，another，little，a little和much作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词永远是单数。 Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机 注意：“复数主语+each”之后用复数动词。 Five each of these items are required.这些项目中有五项都是必须的。 5.everyone，everybody，everything，anyone，anybody，anything，someone，somebody， something，no one，nobody，nothing作主语时，谓语用单数。 There is something wrong with my watch.我的表有问题。 6.none，some，any，more，most，all等代词作主语时，动词的单复数由其代词的单复 数决定。 All is right.所有的都对了。 All are present.全部都到齐了 7.“all，none，most，majority，part，enough，some，one half，the rest，the remainder， a position等+of…”短语，或者more than…作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式通常由所 修饰的名词、代词的数决定。 When enough of the tree is chopped away ,the tree falls.如果一棵树砍去多的部分，树就会倒下。 Enough of the data have been collected.已经收集了足够多的数据。（data为datum的复数形式） More than one person is going to lose his job.不止一个人会失去工作。 More than 500 people are going to lose their jobs.500人会失去工作。 8.当中心词为度量、距离、时间、价格等复数名词的时候，谓语动词用单数形式。 Two miles is a short distance.两英里路很近。 9.一般来说，不可数名词及可数名词单数的谓语动词用单数，可数名词复数的谓语用动 词复数，但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。
第三讲 主谓一致
第三讲主谓一致 概说：“一致”指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系，这又叫“主—动一致”。主语和随后的动词词组（即谓语动词）之间的一致关系对中国学生来说，掌握上往往有一定的困难，因为这种一致关系为三种不同的原则所支配，即语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。 重点：主谓一致的指导原则 难点：主谓一致实际应用 内容： “一致”指句子成分之间或词语之间在语法形式上的协调关系。主谓一致指主语和谓语动词之间在“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系，这又叫“主—动一致”。 1.1 指导原则 主语和随后的动词词组（即谓语动词）之间的一致关系对中国学生来说，掌握上往往有一定的困难，因为这种一致关系为三种不同的原则所支配，即语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。 1．语法一致 主语和谓语动词之间的一致关系主要表现在“数”的形式上，即用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致。如果名词中心词是复数，动词就该用复数形式；如果名词中心词不是复数，而是单数名词或不可数名词，动词便用单数形式。这种一致关系叫做“语法一致”。 Every girl comes on time. Both boys have their own merits. 2．意义一致 有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系并非取决于语法上的单、复数形式，而是取决于主语的单、复数意义：比如有时主语在语法形式上并非复数，但有复数意义，随后的动词便用复数；反之，主语在语法形式上是复数，而在意义上可视为单数，随后的动词也用单数。这种一致关系叫做意义一致。 The government have asked the country to decide by a vote. Fifteen miles seems like a long walk to me. 3．就近原则 有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语（主要指名词）的单、复数形式，这种一致关系所依据的原则叫做“就近原则”。 Either my brothers or my father is coming. Only one out of five were present.