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E.coli genotypes 大肠杆菌基因型手册

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1 Nomenclature & Abbreviations

2 Methylation Issues in E. coli

3 Commonly used strains

3.1 AG1

3.2 AB1157

3.3 BL21(AI)

3.4 BL21(DE3)

3.5 BL21 (DE3) pLysS

3.6 BNN93

3.7 BW26434, CGSC Strain # 7658

3.8 C600

3.9 C600 hflA150 (Y1073, BNN102)

3.10 CSH50

3.11 D1210

3.12 DB3.1

3.13 DH1

3.14 DH5α

3.15 DH10B (Invitrogen)

3.16 DH12S (Invitrogen)

3.17 DM1 (Invitrogen)

3.18 ER2566 (NEB)

3.19 ER2267 (NEB)

3.20 HB101

3.21 HMS174(DE3)

3.22 IJ1126

3.23 IJ1127

3.24 JM83

3.25 JM101

3.26 JM103

3.27 JM105

3.28 JM106

3.29 JM107

3.30 JM108

3.31 JM109

3.32 JM109(DE3)

3.33 JM110

3.34 JM2.300

3.35 LE392

3.36 Mach1

3.37 MC1061

3.38 MC4100

3.39 MG1655

3.40 OmniMAX2

B strains are naturally lon- and dcm-.

F - = Does not carry the F plasmid

F + = Carries the F plasmid. The cell is able to mate with F - through conjugation.

F'[ ] = Carries an F plasmid that has host chromosomal genes on it from a previous recombination event. This cell can also mate with F - through conjugation. Chromosomal genes carried in the F plasmid are listed in brackets.

r B/K +/- = The (B/K) defines the strain lineage. The +/- indicates whether the strain has or hasn't got the restriction system.

m B/K +/- = The (B/K) defines the strain lineage. The +/- indicates whether the strain has or hasn't got the modification (methylation) system.

hsdS = Both restriction and methylation of certain sequences is deleted from the strain. If you transform DNA from such a strain into a wild type strain, it will be degraded.

hsdR = For efficient transformation of cloned unmethylated DNA from PCR amplifications

INV( ) = chromosomal inversion between locations indicated

ahpC = mutation to alkyl hydroperoxide reductase conferring disulfide reductase activity

ara-14 = cannot metabolize arabinose

araD = mutation in L-ribulose-phosphate 4-epimerase blocks arabinose metabolism

cycA = mutation in alanine transporter; cannot use alanine as a carbon source

dapD = mutation in succinyl diaminopimelate aminotransferase leads to succinate or (lysine +methionine) requirement

Δ( ) = chromosomal deletion of genes between the listed genes (may include unlisted genes!)dam = adenine methylation at GATC sequences abolished; high recombination efficiency; DNA repair turned on

dcm = cytosine methylation at second C of CCWGG sites abolished

通常dam/dcm都是默认的，无需标注，只有dam -、dcm -才有必要标出来，那是被迫使用某些酶切位点时才用来扩增质粒的特殊菌株。

deoR = regulatory gene that allows constitutive expression of deoxyribose synthesis genes; permits uptake of large plasmids. See Hanahan D, US Patent 4,851,348. ***This has been called into question, as the DH10B genome sequence revealed that it is deoR+. See Durfee08, PMID 18245285.

dnaJ = one of the chaparonins inactivated; stabilizes some mutant proteins

dut1 = dUTPase activity abolished, leading to increased dUTP concentrations, allowing uracil instead of thymine incorporation in DNA. Stable U incorporation requires ung gene mutation as well.

endA1 = For cleaner preparations of DNA and better results in downstream applications due to the elimination of non-specific digestion by Endonuclease I

(e14) = excisable prophage like element containing mcrA gene; present in K-12 but missing in many other strains

galE = mutations are associated with high competence, increased resistance to phage P1 infection, and 2-deoxygalactose resistance. galE mutations block the production of

UDP-galactose, resulting in truncation of LPS glycans to the minimal, "inner core". The exceptional competence of DH10B/TOP10 is thought to be a result of a reduced interference from LPS in the binding and/or uptake of transforming DNA. galE15 is a point mutation resulting in a Ser123 -> Phe conversion near the enzyme's active site. See van Die, et al. PMID 6373734, Hanahan, et al. PMID 1943786, and EcoSal ISBN 1555811647. --Dcekiert 16:56, 23 January 2008 (CST)

galk = mutants cannot metabolize galactose and are resistant to 2-deoxygalactose. galK16 is an IS2 insertion ~170bp downstream of the galK start codon. See EcoSal ISBN 1555811647.

--Dcekiert 16:56, 23 January 2008 (CST)

galU = mutants cannot metabolize galactose

gor = mutation in glutathione reductase; enhances disulphide bond formation

glnV = suppression of amber (UAG) stop codons by insertion of glutamine; required for some phage growth

gyrA96 = mutation in DNA gyrase; conveys nalidixic acid resistance

gyrA462 = mutation in DNA gyrase; conveys resistance to ccdB colicin gene product

hflA150 = protease mutation stabilizing phage cII protein; high frequency of lysogenization by λΔ(lac)X74 = Deletion of the entire lac operon as well as some flanking DNA.

lacI q or lacI Q = overproduction of the lac repressor protein; -35 site in promoter upstream of lacI is mutated from GCGCAA to GTGCAA

lacI Q1 = overproduction of the lac repressor protein; contains a 15 bp deletion to create optimal

-35 site in promoter upstream of lacI

lacY = deficient in lactose transport; deletion of lactose permease (M protein)

lacZΔM15 = partial deletion of the lacZ gene that allows α complementation of the

β-galactosidase gene; required for blue/white selection on XGal plates. Deletes the amino portion of lacZ (aa 11-41).

leuB = requires leucine

Δlon = deletion of the lon protease

malA = cannot metabolize maltose

mcrA = Mutation eliminating restriction of DNA methylated at the sequence C m CGG (possibly

m CG). Carried on the e14 prophage (q.v.)

mcrB = Mutation eliminating restriction of DNA methylated at the sequence R m C

metB = requires methionine

metC = requires methionine

mrr = Mutation eliminating restriction of DNA methylated at the sequence C m AG or G m AC

mtlA = cannot metabilize mannitol

(Mu) = Mu prophage present. Muδ means the phage is defective.

mutS - mutation inhibits DNA repair of mismatches in unmethylated newly synthesized strands nupG = same as deoR

ompT = mutation in outer membrane protein protease VII, reducing proteolysis of expressed proteins

(P1) = Cell carries a P1 prophage. Cells express the P1 restriction system.

(P2) = Cell carries a P2 prophage. Allows selection against Red+ Gam+ λ

(φ80) = Cell carries the lambdoid prophage φ80. A defective version of this phage carrying lacZM15 deletion (as well as wild-type lacI, lacYA, and flanking sequences) is present in some strains. The φ80 attachment site is just adjacent to tonB.

pLysS = contains pLysS plasmid carrying chloramphenicol resistance and phage T7 lysozyme, effective at attenuating activity of T7 RNA polymerase, for better inhibition of expression under non-induced conditions. The sequence can be found here.

proA/B = requires proline

recA1 = For reduced occurrence of unwanted recombination in cloned DNA; cells UV sensitive, deficient in DNA repair

recA13 = as for recA1, but inserts less stable.

recBCD = Exonuclease V; mutation in RecB or RecC reduces general recombination by a factor of 100; impaired DNA repair; UV sensitive, easier propagation of inverted repeats

recJ Exonuclease involved in alternate recombination

relA = relaxed phenotype; permits RNA synthesis in absence of protein synthesis

rha = blocked rhamose metabolism

rnc = encodes RnaseIII (rnc-14 is a common null mutant)

rne = encodes RnaseE (rne-3071 is a common temperature sensitive mutant)

rpsL = mutation in ribosomal protein S12 conveying streptomycin resistance; also called strA sbcBC = ExoI activity abolished; usually present in recBC strains; recombination proficient, stable inverted repeats

sr1 = cannot metabolize sorbitol

supE = glnV

supF = tyrT

thi = requires thiamine

thyA = requires thymidine

Tn10 = transposon normally carrying Tetracycline resistance

Tn5 = transposon normally carrying Kanamycin resistance

tonA = Mutation in outer membrane protein conveying resistance to phage T1 and phage T5 traD = Mutation eliminating transfer factor; prevents transfer of F plasmid

trxB = mutation in thioredoxin reductase; enhances disulphide bond formation in the cytoplasm tsx = outer membrane protein mutation conveying resistance to phage T6 and colicin K

tryT = suppression of amber (UAG) stop codons by insertion of tyrosine; needed for some phage infection such as λgt11.

ung1 = allows uracil to exist in plasmid DNA

xyl-5 = blocked xylose metabolism

Sm R = Streptomycin resistance

Type I methylation systems:

E. coli K-12 restricts DNA which is not protected by adenine methylation at sites

AA*C[N6]GTGC or GCA*C[N6]GTT, encoded by the hsdRMS genes(EcoKI). Deletions in

these genes removes either the restriction or methylation or both of these functions.

E. coli B derivative strains contain an hsdRMS system (EcoBI) restricting and protectiing the

sequence TGA*[N8]TGCT or AGCA*[N8]TCA.

The mcrA gene (carried on the e14 prophage) restricts DNA which is methylated in C m CWGG or m CG sequences (methylation by the dcm gene product).

The mcrBC genes restrict R m C sequences.

The mrr gene product restricts adenine methylated sequences at CAG or GAC sites.

E. coli methylates the adenine in GATC (and the corresponding A on the opposite strand) with the

dam gene product.

M.EcoKII methylates the first A at the palindromic site ATGCAT (as well as the corresponding A on the opposite strand), see (Kossykh VG (2004) J. Bact 186: 2061-2067 PMID 15028690) Note that this article has been retracted; the retraction appears to center on textual plagarism, not

experimental results. The homology to AvaIII is real. I think I believe it. tk 20:28, 9 December 2005 (EST). Rich Roberts reports: "We have tried ourselves to detect activity with this gene product and cannot detect any methyltransferase activity. In our case we used antibodies able to detect

N6-methyladenine or N4 methylcytosine in DNA. The ones we have are very sensitive and should have been able to detect 5 methyl groups in the whole E. coli chromosome. Nothing was detected in an over expressing strain."

For additional information see E. coli restriction-modification system and the NEB technical

information on methylation.

AG1

endA1 recA1 gyrA96 thi-1 relA1 glnV44 hsdR17(r K- m K+)

AB1157

thr-1, araC14, leuB6(Am), Δ(gpt-proA)62, lacY1, tsx-33, qsr'-0, glnV44(AS), galK2(Oc), LAM-, Rac-0, hisG4(Oc), rfbC1, mgl-51, rpoS396(Am), rpsL31(strR), kdgK51, xylA5, mtl-1, argE3(Oc), thi-1 Bachmann BJ: Derivation and genotypes of some mutant derivatives of Escherichia coli K-12. Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Cellular and Molecular Biology (Edited by: F C Neidhardt J L Ingraham KB Low B Magasanik M Schaechter H E Umbarger). Washington, D.C., American Society for Microbiology 1987, 2:1190-1219.

See CGSC#1157

BL21(AI)

F– ompT gal dcm lon hsdS B(r B- m B-) araB::T7RNAP-tetA

an E. coli B strain with carrying the T7 RNA polymerase gene in the araB locus of the araBAD operon q.

Transformed plasmids containing T7 promoter driven expression are repressed until L-arabinose induction of T7 RNA polymerase.

Derived from BL21.

See the product page for more information.

BL21(DE3)

F– ompT gal dcm lon hsdS B(r B- m B-) λ(DE3 [lacI lacUV5-T7 gene 1 ind1 sam7 nin5]) an E. coli B strain with DE3, a λ prophage carrying the T7 RNA polymerase gene and lacI q

Transformed plasmids containing T7 promoter driven expression are repressed until IPTG

induction of T7 RNA polymerase from a lac promoter.

Derived from B834 (Wood, 1966) by transducing to Met+.

See the original Studier paper or the summary in Methods in Enzymology for more details.

BL21 (DE3) pLysS

F- ompT gal dcm lon hsdS B(r B- m B-) λ(DE3) pLysS(cm R)

pLysS plasmid chloramphenicol resistant; grow with chloramphenicol to retain plasmid

Chloramphenicol resistant

The pLysS plasmid encodes T7 phage lysozyme, an inhibitor for T7 polymerase which reduces and almost eliminates expression from transformed T7 promoter containing plasmids when not induced.

see Moffatt87 for details of pLysS and pLysE plasmids

BNN93

F- tonA21 thi-1 thr-1 leuB6 lacY1 glnV44 rfbC1 fhuA1 mcrB e14-(mcrA-) hsdR(r K m K) λ-Some C600 strains are really BNN93

BW26434, CGSC Strain # 7658

Δ(araD-araB)567, Δ(lacA-lacZ)514(::kan), lacIp-4000(lacI q), λ-, rpoS396(Am)?, rph-1, Δ(rhaD-rhaB)568, hsdR514

This information is from a printout sent by the E. coli Genetic Stock Center with the strain.

B.L. Wanner strain

rph-1 is a 1bp deletion that results in a frameshift over last 15 codons and has a polar effect on pyrE leading to suboptimal pyrimidine levels on minimal medium. (Jensen 1993 J Bact. 175:3401)Δ(araD-araB)567 was formerly called ΔaraBAD AH33 by Datsenko and Wanner

Am = amber(UAG) mutation

Reference: Datsenko and Wanner, 2000, PNAS, 97:6640

NOTE:

This promoter driving the expression of lacI was sequenced in this strain using a primer in mhpR (upstream of lacI) and a primer in the opposite orientation in lacI. The lac promoter was found to be identical to wildtype. Thus, the -35 sequence was GCGCAA not GTGCAA as expected with lacI q. Therefore this strain (or at least the version obtained from the E. coli Genetic Stock Center) does NOT appear to be lacI q. According to Barry Wanner, this is an unexpected result. -Reshma 13:19, 5 May 2005 (EDT)

"We have now confirmed that BW25113, BW25141, and BW26434 are all lacI+, and not lacI q. We thank you for alerting us to the error with respect to BW26434. Apparently, the lacI region was restored to wild-type in a predecessor of BW25113." (from Barry Wanner November 18, 2005)

The genotype has been corrected at the CGSC

C600

F- tonA21 thi-1 thr-1 leuB6 lacY1 glnV44 rfbC1 fhuA1 λ-

There are strains circulating with both e14+(mcrA+) and e14-(mcrA-)

General purpose host

See CGSC#3004

References: Appleyard, R.K. (1954) Genetics 39, 440; Hanahan, D. (1983) J. Mol. Biol. 166, 577. C600 hflA150 (Y1073, BNN102)

F- thi-1 thr-1 leuB6 lacY1 tonA21 glnV44 λ- hflA150(chr::Tn10)

host for repressing plaques of λgt10 when establishing cDNA libraries

Reference Young R.A. and Davis, R. (1983) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 80, 1194.

Tetracycline resistance from the Tn10 insertion

CSH50

ara Δ(lac-pro) rpsL thi supD+ fimE::IS1

Reference: Blomfeld et al., J.Bact. 173: 5298-5307, 1991.

D1210

HB101 lacI q lacY+

DB3.1

F- gyrA462 endA1 glnV44 Δ(sr1-recA) mcrB mrr hsdS20(r B-, m B-) ara14 galK2 lacY1 proA2 rpsL20(Sm r) xyl5 Δleu mtl1

useful for propagating plasmids containing the ccdB operon.

gyrA462 enables ccdB containing plasmid propagation

streptomycin resistant

appears to NOT contain lacI (based on a colony PCR) --Austin Che 16:16, 18 June 2007 (EDT) 1.

Bernard P and Couturier M. Cell killing by the F plasmid CcdB protein involves poisoning of

DNA-topoisomerase II complexes. J Mol Biol 1992 Aug 5; 226(3) 735-45. pmid:1324324. PubMed HubMed [Bernard-JMolBiol-1992]

Miki T, Park JA, Nagao K, Murayama N, and Horiuchi T. Control of segregation of chromosomal DNA by sex factor F in Escherichia coli. Mutants of DNA gyrase subunit A suppress letD (ccdB) product growth inhibition. J Mol Biol 1992 May 5; 225(1) 39-52. pmid:1316444. PubMed HubMed [Miki-JMolBiol-1992]

All Medline abstracts: PubMed HubMed

DH1

endA1 recA1 gyrA96 thi-1 glnV44 relA1 hsdR17(r K- m K+) λ-

parent of DH5α

An Hoffman-Berling 1100 strain derivative (Meselson68)

more efficient at transforming large (40-60Kb) plasmids

nalidixic acid resistant

Reference: Meselson M. and Yuan R. (1968) Nature 217:1110 PMID 4868368.

DH5α

F- endA1 glnV44 thi-1 recA1 relA1 gyrA96 deoR nupG Φ80d lacZΔM15 Δ(lacZYA-argF)U169,

hsdR17(r K- m K+), λ–

An Hoffman-Berling 1100 strain derivative (Meselson68)

Promega also lists phoA

nalidixic acid resistant

References:

FOCUS (1986) 8:2, 9.

Hanahan, D. (1985) in DNA Cloning: A Practical Approach (Glover, D.M., ed.), Vol. 1, p. 109,

IRL Press, McLean, Virginia.

Grant, S.G.N. et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 4645-4649 PMID 2162051.

Meselson M. and Yuan R. (1968) Nature 217:1110 PMID 4868368.

DH10B (Invitrogen)

F- endA1 recA1 galE15 galK16 nupG rpsL ΔlacX74 Φ80lacZΔM15 araD139 Δ(ara,leu)7697 mcrA Δ(mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC) λ-

suitable for cloning methylated cytosine or adenine containing DNA

an MC1061 derivative (Casadaban80). Prepare cells for chemical transformation with CCMB80 buffer

blue/white selection

While DH10B has been classically reported to be galU galK, the preliminary genome sequence for DH10B indicates that DH10B (and by their lineage also TOP10 and any other MC1061

derivatives) is actually galE galK galU+. Dcekiert 16:37, 23 January 2008 (CST)

Genome sequence indicates that DH10B is actually deoR+. Presumably TOP10 and MC1061 are also deoR+.

Streptomycin resistant

References:

Casdaban, M. and Cohen, S. (1980) J Mol Biol 138:179 PMID 6997493.

Grant, S.G.N. et al. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 4645-4649 PMID 2162051.

E. coli Genetic Stock Center, MC1061 Record

DH10B Genome Sequencing Project, Baylor College of Medicine

Complete sequence is available, see Durfee08, PMID 18245285.

DH12S (Invitrogen)

mcrA Δ(mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC) φ80d lacZΔM15 ΔlacX74 recA1 deoR Δ(ara, leu)7697 araD139 galU galK rpsL F' [proAB+ lacI q ZΔM15]

host for phagemid and M13 vectors

useful for generating genomic libraries containing methylated cytosine or adenine residues

streptomycin resistant

References: Lin, J.J., Smith, M., Jessee, J., and Bloom, F. (1991) FOCUS 13, 96.; Lin, J.J.,

Smith, M., Jessee, J., and Bloom, F. (1992) BioTechniques 12, 718.

DM1 (Invitrogen)

F- dam-13::Tn9(Cm R) dcm- mcrB hsdR-M+ gal1 gal2 ara- lac- thr- leu- tonR tsxR Su0

Host for pBR322 and other non-pUC19 plasmids; useful for generating plasmids that can be cleaved with dam and dcm sensitive enzymes

Chloramphenicol resistant

Promega lists as F' not F-

Reference: Lorow-Murray D and Bloom F (1991) Focus 13:20

ER2566 (NEB)

F- λ- fhuA2 [lon] ompT lacZ::T7 gene 1 gal sulA11 Δ(mcrC-mrr)114::IS10 R(mcr-73::miniTn10-TetS)2 R(zgb-210::Tn10)(TetS) endA1 [dcm]

Host strain for the expression of a target gene cloned in the pTYB vectors.

Carry a chromosomal copy of the T7 RNA polymerase gene inserted into lacZ gene and thus under the control of the lac promoter. In the absence of IPTG induction expression of T7 RNA polymerase is suppressed by the binding of lac I repressor to the lac promoter.

Deficient in both lon and ompT proteases.

ER2267 (NEB)

F′ proA+B+ lacIq Δ(lacZ)M15 zzf::mini-Tn10 (KanR)/ Δ(argF-lacZ)U169 glnV44 e14-(McrA-) rfbD1? recA1 relA1? endA1 spoT1? thi-1 Δ(mcrC-mrr)114::IS10

Commonly used for titering M13 phage because of the strain's F' plasmid, which carries KanR, and its slow growth, which promotes easy visualization of plaques.

HB101

F- mcrB mrr hsdS20(r B- m B-) recA13 leuB6 ara-14 proA2 lacY1 galK2 xyl-5 mtl-1 rpsL20(Sm R) glnV44λ-

Please note that different sources have different genotypes so treat this information with caution.

From a GIBCO BRL list of competent cells.

Hybrid of E. coli K12 and E. coli B (but 98% K strain AB266 according to Smith et al.)

Host for pBR322 and many plasmids

Sigma lists the deletion Δ(gpt,proA). Check this.

Promega does not list F-, mcrB, or mrr

Streptomycin resistant

References:

Boyer, H.W. and Roulland-Dussoix, D. (1969) J. Mol. Biol. 41, 459.

Smith, M., Lorow, D., and Jessee, J. (1989) FOCUS 11, 56 - pdf version from Invitrogen

Lacks S and Greenberg JR (1977) J Mol Biol 114:153.

HMS174(DE3)

F- recA1 hsdR(rK12- mK12+) (DE3) (Rif R)

HMS174 strains provide the recA mutation in a K-12 background. Like BLR, these strains may stabilize certain target genes whose products may cause the loss of the DE3 prophage.

DE3 indicates that the host is a lysogen of lDE3, and therefore carries a chromosomal copy of the T7 RNA polymerase gene under control of the lacUV5 promoter. Such strains are suitable for

production of protein from target genes cloned in pET vectors by induction with IPTG.

IJ1126

E. coli K-12 recB21 recC22 sbcA5 endA gal thi Su+ Δ(mcrC-mrr)102::Tn10

See Endy:IJ1126

IJ1127

IJ1126 lacUV5 lacZ::T7 gene1-Knr

See Endy:IJ1127

JM83

rpsL ara Δ(lac-proAB) Φ80dlacZΔM15

Sigma lists thi. Check this.

streptomycin resistant

JM101

glnV44 thi-1 Δ(lac-proAB) F'[lacI q ZΔM15 traD36 proAB+]

host for M13mp vectors

recA+, r K+

original blue/white cloning strain

has all wt restriction systems

References: Messing, J. et al. (1981) Nucleic Acids Res. 9, 309; Yanisch-Perron, C., Vieira, J., and Messing, J. (1985) Gene 33, 103.

JM103

endA1 glnV44 sbcBC rpsL thi-1 Δ(lac-proAB) F'[traD36 proAB+ lacI q lacZΔM15]

streptomycin resistant

References: Hanahan, D. (1983) J. Mol. Biol. 166:557-80.

NEB says this strain encodes a prophage encoded EcoP1 endonuclease.

Sigma lists (P1) (r K-m K+ rP1+ mP1+)

JM105

endA1 glnV44 sbcB15 rpsL thi-1 Δ(lac-proAB) [F' traD36 proAB+ lacI q lacZΔM15] hsdR4(r K-m K+) Sigma lists sbcC

streptomycin resistant

References: Yanisch-Perron, C., Vieira, J., and Messing, J. (1985) Gene 33, 103.

JM106

endA1 glnV44 thi-1 relA1 gyrA96 Δ(lac-proAB) F- hsdR17(r K-m K+)

References: Yanisch-Perron, C., Vieira, J., and Messing, J. (1985) Gene 33, 103.

JM107

endA1 glnV44 thi-1 relA1 gyrA96 Δ(lac-proAB) [F' traD36 proAB+ lacI q lacZΔM15] hsdR17(R K- m K+) λ-

host for M13mp vectors

recA+, r K+

Sigma lists e14- (McrA-)

nalidixic acid resistant

References: Yanisch-Perron, C., Vieira, J., and Messing, J. (1985) Gene 33, 103.

JM108

endA1 recA1 gyrA96 thi-1 relA1 glnV44 Δ(lac-proAB) hsdR17 (r K- m K+)

nalidixic acid resistant

JM109

endA1 glnV44 thi-1 relA1 gyrA96 recA1 mcrB+Δ(lac-proAB) e14- [F' traD36 proAB+ lacI q lacZΔM15] hsdR17(r K-m K+)

From NEB

Partly restriction-deficient; good strain for cloning repetitive DNA (RecA–).

Suppresses many amber mutations when glutamine is acceptable but not the S100 or S7

mutations of λ, e.g., λgt11.

Can also be used for M13 cloning/sequencing and blue/white screening.

Sigma lists e14-

nalidixic acid resistant

From C. Yanisch-Perron, J. Vieira, and J. Messing. Improved M13 phage cloning vectors and host strains: nucleotide sequences of the M13mp18 and pUC19 vectors. Gene, 33(1):103–19, 1985.

Some information from Mary Berlyn at the E. coli Genetic Stock Center: One of the reasons the original curator of this collection did not accession the JM109, JM103, etc. strains was because she found it impossible to be sure of the derivation and therefore the details of the genotype. But I think it's safe to assume that the F' in this strain is derived from or similar to F128 which extends from the proBA region through the lac operon. It thus carries the wildtype genes for all loci in that region except those indicated as mutant for the genotype of the F'. So it carries the lacZ (alpha-complementation) deletion lacZ58(M150 and the lacI mutation lacIq, but it has the lacY+ gene also on the F-prime. On the chromosome it lacks all the lac operon genes.

NOTE: The promoter driving the expression of lacI was sequenced in this strain using a primer in mhpR (upstream of lacI) and a primer in the opposite orientation in lacI. The lac promoter was found to be identical to wildtype. Thus, the -35 sequence was GCGCAA not GTGCAA as expected with lacI Q. Therefore this strain (or at least the version we have) does NOT appear to be lacI Q unless there is another copy of lacI elsewhere. This result is somewhat confirmed by the fact that a lacI regulated promoter driving expression of YFP on a medium copy vector does not repress completely. -Reshma

13:48, 5 May 2005 (EDT)

JM109(DE3)

JM109 + λ(DE3)

DE3 prophage carrying T7 polymerase expression cassette

Same cassette as BL21(DE3) carrying a lac inducible T7 RNA polymerase and lacI q

nalidixic acid resistant

JM110

rpsL thr leu thi lacY galK galT ara tonA tsx dam dcm glnV44 Δ(lac-proAB) e14- [F' traD36 proAB+ lacI q lacZΔM15] hsdR17(r K-m K+)

Sigma fails to list tonA tsx e14 fhuA hsdR17

(e14-) status uncertain

streptomycin resistant

JM2.300

lacI22, LAM-, e14-, rpsL135(strR), malT1(LamR), xyl-7, mtl-1, thi-1

Some folks have been using this strain (i.e., Elowitz, Gardner) and it took me too long to find the CGSC#.

This strain is no longer available from the CGSC

LE392

glnV44 supF58 (lacY1 or ΔlacZY) galK2 galT22 metB1 trpR55 hsdR514(r K-m K+)

Sigma lists F- e14-

Mach1

ΔrecA1398 endA1 tonA Φ80ΔlacM15 ΔlacX74 hsdR(r K- m K+)

From Invitrogen

Doubling time approx. 50 min and supposedly fastest growing chemically competent cloning strain available

Mach1 cells are derivatives of E. coli W strains (ATCC 9637, S. A. Waksman), rather than E. coli K-12. This may have implications for BL-1 status for some facilities (apparently not for MIT).

See Bloom04 patent for details on the construction and properties of this strain.

MC1061

hsdR2 hsdM+ hsdS+ araD139 Δ(ara-leu)7697 Δ(lac)X74 galE15 galK16 rpsL (StrR) mcrA mcrB1

Streptomycin resistant

Parent of DH10B/TOP10 and derived strains

References:

E. coli Genetic Stock Center, MC1061 Record

Casdaban, M. and Cohen, S. (1980) J Mol Biol 138:179 PMID 6997493.

Complete DH10B sequence is available, see Durfee08, PMID 18245285.

MC4100

F- araD139 Δ(argF-lac)U169* rspL150 relA1 flbB5301 fruA25? deoC1 ptsF25 e14-

This paper compares MC4100 to MG1655 and describes the significant deletions.

*The paper referenced above showed that this deletion was larger than previously known. The deletion now covers ykfD-b0350.

?The fruA25 allele is attributed to the deletion of fruB-yeiR. This means fruA is present but its promoter has been deleted.

The paper also shows that the e14 element is deleted in MC4100. One of the genes removed by this deletion is mcrA, which encodes an enzyme that restricts DNA containing methylcytosine. However, other E. coli K-12 restriction/modification systems are still present in MC4100. MC4100 still encodes the McrBC 5-methylcytosine=specific restriction enzyme and the HsdR/HsdS/HsdM type I restriction-modification complex.

Table three of the paper lists all genes believed to be deleted in MC4100. The methods used in the paper can detect deletions but not loss of function mutations.

The current genotype at the CGSC is as follows:

[araD139], Δ(argF-lac)169, LAM-, e14-, flhD5301, Δ(fruK-yeiR)725(fruA25), relA1, rpsL150(strR),

rbsR22, Δ(fimB-fimE)632(::IS1), deoC1

The araD139 allele is in brackets because it was transduced from an E. coli B strain in an early step of strain derivation.

MG1655

F-λ- ilvG- rfb-50 rph-1

This is the "wild type" K-12 strain which was sequenced, and should be used when PCRing genes from the sequenced genome. It also looks very healthy under the microscope -- a dramatic difference from most of the cloning strains, which appear sick.

See CGSC#6300

See ATCC 700926

Blattner FR, Plunkett G 3rd, Bloch CA, Perna NT, Burland V, Riley M, Collado-Vides J, Glasner JD, Rode CK, Mayhew GF, Gregor J, Davis NW, Kirkpatrick HA, Goeden MA, Rose DJ, Mau B, and Shao Y. The complete genome sequence of Escherichia coli K-12. Science 1997 Sep 5;

277(5331) 1453-74. pmid:9278503. PubMed HubMed [Blattner-Science-1997]

More accurate sequence correcting 243 errors in the original sequencing[4]. New Genbank

accession number U00096.2

OmniMAX2

From Invitrogen: "This strain overexpresses the Lac repressor (lacIq gene). For blue/white screening, you will need to add IPTG to induce expression from the lac promoter. Strain is resistant to T1 bacteriophage."

F′ {proAB+ lacIq lacZΔM15 Tn10(TetR) Δ(ccdAB)} mcrA Δ(mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC) φ80(lacZ)ΔM15

Δ(lacZYA-argF) U169 endA1 recA1 supE44 thi-1 gyrA96 relA1 tonA panD

Rosetta(DE3)pLysS

F- ompT hsdS B(R B- m B-) gal dcm λ(DE3 [lacI lacUV5-T7 gene 1 ind1 sam7 nin5]) pLysSRARE (Cam R) an E. coli B strain with DE3, a λ prophage carrying the T7 RNA polymerase gene and lacI q

Transformed plasmids containing T7 promoter driven expression are repressed until IPTG

induction of T7 RNA polymerase from a lac promoter.

Chloramphenicol resistant

pLysSRARE contains tRNA genes argU, argW, ileX, glyT, leuW, proL, metT, thrT, tyrU, and thrU.

The rare codons AGG, AGA, AUA, CUA, CCC, and GGA are supplemented.

The pLysS plasmid encodes T7 phage lysozyme, an inhibitor for T7 polymerase which reduces and almost eliminates expression from transformed T7 promoter containing plasmids when not induced.

see Moffatt87 for details of pLysS and pLysE plasmids

Novagen strain manual

Rosetta-gami(DE3)pLysS

Δ(ara-leu)7697 ΔlacX74 ΔphoA PvuII phoR araD139 ahpC galE galK rpsL (DE3) F'[lac+ lacI q pro]

gor522::Tn10 trxB pLysSRARE (Cam R, Str R, Tet R)

an E. coli K-12 strain with DE3, a λ prophage carrying the T7 RNA polymerase gene and lacI q Transformed plasmids containing T7 promoter driven expression are repressed until IPTG

induction of T7 RNA polymerase from a lac promoter.

ahpC mutation allows trxB/gor double mutants to grow in the absence of reducing medium

pLysSRARE contains tRNA genes argU, argW, ileX, glyT, leuW, proL, metT, thrT, tyrU, and thrU.

The rare codons AGG, AGA, AUA, CUA, CCC, and GGA are supplemented.

The pLysS plasmid encodes T7 phage lysozyme, an inhibitor for T7 polymerase which reduces and almost eliminates expression from transformed T7 promoter containing plasmids when not induced.

see Moffatt87 for details of pLysS and pLysE plasmids

Chloramphenicol resistant

Kanamycin resistant

Tetracycline resistant

Streptomycin resistant

Novagen strain manual

RR1

HB101 recA+

STBL2 (Invitrogen)

F- endA1 glnV44 thi-1 recA1 gyrA96 relA1 Δ(lac-proAB) mcrA Δ(mcrBC-hsdRMS-mrr) λ-host for unstable sequences such as retroviral sequences and direct repeats

nalidixic acid resistant

References: Trinh, T., Jessee, J., Bloom, F.R., and Hirsch, V. (1994) FOCUS 16, 78.

STBL4

endA1 glnV44 thi-1 recA1 gyrA96 relA1 Δ(lac-proAB) mcrA Δ(mcrBC-hsdRMS-mrr) λ- gal F'[ proAB+ lacI q lacZΔM15 Tn10]

Tetracycline resistant (from Tn10 insertion)

STBL2 + blue/white selection

SURE (Stratagene)

endA1 glnV44 thi-1 gyrA96 relA1 lac recB recJ sbcC umuC::Tn5 uvrC e14- Δ(mcrCB-hsdSMR-mrr)171 F'[ proAB+ lacI q lacZΔM15 Tn10]

uncertain status of TraD36 in F plasmid

increased stability for inverted repeats and Z-DNA

nalidixic acid resistant

kanamycin resistant

tetracycline resistant

SURE2 (Stratagene)

endA1 glnV44 thi-1 gyrA96 relA1 lac recB recJ sbcC umuC::Tn5 uvrC e14- Δ(mcrCB-hsdSMR-mrr)171 F'[ proAB+ lacI q lacZΔM15 Tn10 Amy Cm R]

increased stability for inverted repeats and Z-DNA

nalidixic acid resistant

kanamycin resistant

tetracycline resistant

chloramphenicol resistant for < 40 μg/ml, sensitive for > 100 μg/ml

TOP10 (Invitrogen)

F- mcrA Δ(mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC) φ80lacZΔM15 ΔlacX74 nupG recA1 araD139 Δ(ara-leu)7697 galE15 galK16 rpsL(Str R) endA1 λ-

这组基因型标注只是顺序与DH10B不同，内容其实是一样的！

Very similar to DH10B

I actually emailed Invitrogen and asked if DH10B and TOP10 are the same strain or what.

Their response: "Thank you for contacting Invitrogen Technical Support.TOP10 and DH10B

competent cells are closely related. They have the same genotypes and can used for the

same applications. You can also choose from those that are Chemically competent or

electrocomp cells. I hope this information answers your questions." So either there is a

difference that they don't want to put out there, or they have rebranded DH10B as TOP10

for marketing purposes... --Dcekiert 18:55, 23 January 2008 (CST)

While DH10B has been classically reported to be galU galK, the preliminary genome sequence for DH10B indicates that DH10B (and by their lineage also TOP10 and any other MC1061

derivatives) is actually galE galK galU+. --Dcekiert 16:45, 23 January 2008 (CST)

Previously reported to be deoR, but genome sequence indicates that DH10B is actually deoR+.

Presumably TOP10 and MC1061 are also deoR+.

Streptomycin resistant

an MC1061 derivative [5]

Streptomycin resistant

Prepare cells for chemical transformation with CCMB80 buffer Here

Contain lacI based on a colony PCR (even though lacX74 supposedly deletes the lac operon) --Austin Che 16:16, 18 June 2007 (EDT)

φ80lacZΔM15 actually contains the entire lac operon, including lacI q --Dcekiert 16:45, 23

January 2008 (CST)

Analysis of the published DH10B sequence (Genbank CP000948) suggests the

φ80lacZΔM15 insertion has the wild-type lacI -35 sequence, not the lacI q -35

sequence (gtgcaa) --BC 15:01, 29 March 2008 (EDT)

References:

E. coli Genetic Stock Center, MC1061 Record

DH10B Genome Sequencing Project, Baylor College of Medicine

Casadaban MJ and Cohen SN. Analysis of gene control signals by DNA fusion and cloning in 5.

Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol 1980 Apr; 138(2) 179-207. pmid:6997493. PubMed HubMed

[Casadaban-JMolBiol-1980]

Durfee T, Nelson R, Baldwin S, Plunkett G 3rd, Burland V, Mau B, Petrosino JF, Qin X, Muzny DM, Ayele M, Gibbs RA, Cs?go B, P?fai G, Weinstock GM, and Blattner FR. The complete

genome sequence of Escherichia coli DH10B: insights into the biology of a laboratory workhorse. J Bacteriol 2008 Apr; 190(7) 2597-606. doi:10.1128/JB.01695-07 pmid:18245285. PubMed HubMed [Durfee]

Complete DH10B sequence is available

Grant SG, Jessee J, Bloom FR, and Hanahan D. Differential plasmid rescue from transgenic

mouse DNAs into Escherichia coli methylation-restriction mutants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1990 Jun; 87(12) 4645-9. pmid:2162051. PubMed HubMed [Grant-PNAS-1990]

All Medline abstracts: PubMed HubMed

Top10F' (Invitrogen)

F'[lacI q Tn10(tet R)] mcrA Δ(mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC) φ80lacZΔM15 ΔlacX74 deoR nupG recA1 araD139

Δ(ara-leu)7697 galU galK rpsL(Str R) endA1 λ-

Very similar to DH10B with F plasmid containing lacI q and Tn10

While DH10B has been classically reported to be galU galK, the preliminary genome sequence for DH10B indicates that DH10B (and by their lineage also TOP10 and any other MC1061

derivatives) is actually galE galK galU+. --Dcekiert 16:45, 23 January 2008 (CST)

Previously reported to be deoR, but genome sequence indicates that DH10B is actually deoR+.

Presumably TOP10 and MC1061 are also deoR+.

Tetracycline resistant

Streptomycin resistant

an MC1061 derivative [5]

References:

E. coli Genetic Stock Center, MC1061 Record

DH10B Genome Sequencing Project, Baylor College of Medicine

Complete DH10B sequence is available, see Durfee08, PMID 18245285.

W3110

F-λ- rph-1 INV(rrnD, rrnE)

See CGSC#4474

See ATCC 39936

See [8]. Briefly, there are 8 site (9nt) differences between W3110 and MG1655. They reside in 7 orgs and one rRNA gene. Two are nonfunctional (rpoS and dcuA) and 5 are unknown missense mutations.

New annotation has accession number DDBJ AP009048.

XL1-Blue (Stratagene)

endA1 gyrA96(nal R) thi-1 recA1 relA1 lac glnV44 F'[ ::Tn10 proAB+ lacI qΔ(lacZ)M15] hsdR17(r K- m K+)

nalidixic acid resistant

tetracycline resistant (carried on the F plasmid)

XL2-Blue (Stratagene)

endA1 gyrA96(nal R) thi-1 recA1 relA1 lac glnV44 F'[ ::Tn10 proAB+ lacI qΔ(lacZ)M15 Amy Cm R]

hsdR17(r K- m K+)

nalidixic acid resistant

tetracycline resistant (carried on the F plasmid)

chloramphenicol resistant for <40 μg/ml; sensitive for >100 μg/ml

XL2-Blue MRF' (Stratagene)

endA1 gyrA96(nal R) thi-1 recA1 relA1 lac glnV44 e14- Δ(mcrCB-hsdSMR-mrr)171 recB recJ sbcC umuC::Tn5 uvrC F'[ ::Tn10 proAB+ lacI qΔ(lacZ)M15 Amy Cm R]

Minus Restriction strain (minus mcrA mcrCB mcrF mrr hsdR)

nalidixic acid resistant

kanamycin resistant

tetracycline resistant (carried on the F plasmid)

chloramphenicol resistant <40 μg/ml, sensitive >100μg/ml

XL1-Red (Stratagene)

F- endA1 gyrA96(nal R) thi-1 relA1 lac glnV44 hsdR17(r K- m K+) mutS mutT mutD5 Tn10

nalidixic acid resistant

tetracycline resistant

mutator strain, produces highly unstable DNA changes

colonies grow and mutate so quickly that the strain is sick and mutated constructs must be

moved rapidly to stable strains for plasmid isolation

XL10-Gold (Stratagene)

endA1 glnV44 recA1 thi-1 gyrA96 relA1 lac Hte Δ(mcrA)183 Δ(mcrCB-hsdSMR-mrr)173 tet R F'[proAB lacI q ZΔM15 Tn10(Tet R Amy Cm R)]

Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol resistant

Nalidixic acid resistant

Hte phenotype allows high transformation with large plasmid inserts

XL10-Gold KanR (Stratagene)

endA1 glnV44 recA1 thi-1 gyrA96 relA1 lac Hte Δ(mcrA)183 Δ(mcrCB-hsdSMR-mrr)173 tet R F'[proAB lacI q ZΔM15 Tn10(Tet R Amy Tn5(Kan R)]

Tetracycline and Kanamycin resistant

Nalidixic acid resistant

Hte phenotype allows high transformation with large plasmid inserts

Strains at https://www.wendangku.net/doc/279790899.html,

Provides information about common E. coli laboratory strains, allowing for annotation of the

genotype, plasmids, phages and source information of a particular strain.

E. coli Genetic Stock Center

E. coli genotypes/Exhibit: Test of moving information on this page into a wiki database

NEB strains Other NEB strains

NEB genotype information

Teknova

Promega

EMBL

Novagen/EMD

Sigma

Escherichia coli K12 genome browser

Hayashi K, Morooka N, Yamamoto Y, Fujita K, Isono K, Choi S, Ohtsubo E, Baba T, Wanner BL, 8.

Mori H, and Horiuchi T. Highly accurate genome sequences of Escherichia coli K-12 strains

MG1655 and W3110. Mol Syst Biol 2006; 2 2006.0007. doi:10.1038/msb4100049 pmid:16738553.

PubMed HubMed [Horiuchi-MSB-2006]

Novick RP, Clowes RC, Cohen SN, Curtiss R 3rd, Datta N, and Falkow S. Uniform nomenclature for bacterial plasmids: a proposal. Bacteriol Rev 1976 Mar; 40(1) 168-89. pmid:1267736. PubMed HubMed [Novick-BacteriolRev-1976]

Lim A, Dimalanta ET, Potamousis KD, Apodaca J, Ananthara-man TS, and Witkin, EM. Inherited 10.

differences in sensitivity to radiation in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1946 32:59-68 (the original B strain reference).

[Lim46]

Moffatt BA and Studier FW. T7 lysozyme inhibits transcription by T7 RNA polymerase. Cell 1987 11.

Apr 24; 49(2) 221-7. pmid:3568126. PubMed HubMed [Moffatt87]

All Medline abstracts: PubMed HubMed

Retrieved from "https://www.wendangku.net/doc/279790899.html,/wiki/E._coli_genotypes"

大肠杆菌基因型及遗传符号说明系列一DXY

大肠杆菌基因型及遗传符号说明系列一点击次数：982 作者：佚名发表于：2009-09-27 00:00转载请注明来自丁香园来源：丁香园实验室的一般大肠杆菌拥有4288条基因，每条基因的长度约为950bp,基因间的平均间隔为118bp （基因Ⅷ）。E.coli基因组中还包含有许多插入序列，如λ-噬菌体片段和一些其他特殊组份的片段，这些插入的片段都是由基因的水平转移和基因重组而形成的，由此表明了基因组具有它的可塑造性。利用大肠杆菌基因组的这种特性对其进行改造，使其中的某些基因发生突变或缺失，从而给大肠杆菌带来可以观察到的变化，这种能观察到的特征叫做大肠杆菌的表现型（Phenotype），把引起这种变化的基因构成叫做大肠杆菌的基因型（Genotype）。具有不同基因型的菌株表现出不同的特性。分子克隆中常用的大肠杆菌及其遗传标记按Demerec等1966年提出的命名原则，采用的菌株所有的基因都假定处于野生型状态，除非在基因型上另外注明。大肠杆菌基因型的表示方法（Demerec, et, al. 1966）：一、一般规则： 1、根据基因产物或其作用产物的英文名称的第一个字母缩写成3个小写斜体字母来表示。例如：D NA Adenine Methylase→dam。 2、不同的基因座，其中任何一个突变所产生的表型变化可能相同，其表示方法是在3个小写斜体字母后加上一个斜体大写字母来表示区别。例如：Recombination→recA、recB、recC。 3、突变位点应通过在突变基因符号后加不同数字表示。如supE44（sup基因座E的44位突变）。

如果不知道几个等位基因中哪一/几个发生了功能性突变，则用连字符“ -”代替大写字母，如trp-31。 4、细菌的基因型中应该包含关于其携带的质粒或附加体的的信息。这些符号包括菌株携带的质粒或附加体、质粒或附加体上的突变基因座和突变位点。其基因符号应与基因座的表示符号明显区别，符号的第一个字母大写、不斜体并位于括号内；质粒或附加体上的突变基因座和突变位点的基因符号的表示方法与染色体上突变基因座、突变位点的符号相同。 5、对于携带附加体的菌株的完整基因型描述应包括附加体的状态（游离或整合）。以F因子为例，F-:F因子缺失；F+:自主性F因子，不携带任何遗传可识别染色体片段；F':携带有遗传可识别细菌染色体片段的自主性F因子；Hfr:整合到染色体上的F因子（high frequency of recombination）。当这些质粒或噬菌体片段变异或缺失时，用（）“或”/“等以区别。例如：/F' [traD3 6、proAB、lac I q、lacZ. M 15] 6、某个基因或某个领域缺失时，在其基因型前面加上“ ”表示。例如：lac-proAB基因缺失时它的基因型表示为（lac-proAB）。 7、由于某种基因的变异导致大肠杆菌可以明显观察到特征变化，有时也用其表现型代替基因型进行表示。例如：某些抗药性的获得或丧失，用如下方式表示：Streptomycin抗性→Str +或Str r，Ampicilli n敏感性→ Amp-。（第一个字母要大写，“+”或“r”表示有抗性，“-”表示无抗性或敏感）。 8、根据某些特异性蛋白的变异及其导致的结果变化进行表示。例如：TH2菌株上有一种基因型表示如下：hsdS20 （rB-、mB-），其中S20代表特异性识别蛋白发生变异，（）中的rB-、mB-表示由于 S20的变异而导致B株来源的hsdR和hsdM的功能缺失。 9、蛋白质的名称与对应的基因或等位基因相同，但不用斜体，且首字母大写，如，UvrA、UvrB。二、基因符号和意义（见表1）