牛津高二英语模块五 Unit2语法教学案

牛津高二英语模块五 Unit2语法教学案

m5U2语法

现在分词现在分词是非谓语动词中的一种，它运用广泛、灵活，在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。一、现在分词的各种形式及物动词

不及物动词

形式

主动语态

被动语态

主动语态

一般式

writing

beingwritten

going

完成式

havingwritten

Havingbeenwritten

havinggone

1、现在分词的一般式：表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时或者几乎同时发生。①

Shesatthere_________________________.她坐在那儿看书。

②________________________,heshutthedoor.进了房间，他关上门。2、现在分词的完成式：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

①_________________________formanyyears,hetoldusaloto fthingsaboutthecity.在那儿住了多年，他告诉了我们关于这个城市的很多事情。②________________fortenmiles,theyfeltverytired.走了十英里路，他们感觉非常疲劳。3、现在分词的主动式：表示主动意义，即现在分词的逻辑主语和现在分词之间是主谓关系。①______________________,hestaysathometorest.因为身体不好，他呆在家里休息。②___________________________,hepracticedthepiano.做完了作业，他练习钢琴。4、现在分词的被动式：表示被动意义，即现在分词的逻辑主语和现在分词之间是被动关系。①

____________________,thebuildinglooksverybeautiful.

重建之后，这座建筑看上去很漂亮。②________________nearafire,thewetclotheswilldryquick ly.挂在火炉旁，衣服很快就干了。5、现在分词的否定式：由not后接分词构成。①

___________________whattodo,weaskedhimforhelp.由于不知道怎么办才好，我们找他帮忙。②____________________theword,heaskedtheteachertoexpl aintohim.由于不明白这个词是什么意思，他让老师给他解释。

6、现在分词短语：现在分词及其所跟的状语或宾语一起叫做现在分词短语.如:workinghard,helpingothers二、现在分词的句法作用1、作补足语现在分词充当宾语补足语时，对句子的宾语起补充或说明作用，句子的宾语就是该分词的逻辑主语。现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动词之前。⑴常见的可以跟复合宾语的感官动词有see,hear,watch,listento,notice,observe,smell,lookat 等以及make,have,get,keep,leave,catch等使役动词。如：Theteachercaughtaboystudentcheatingintheexam.老师发现一个小男孩在考试中作弊。childrenliketowatchmagicians_______________________ _________________.孩子们喜欢看魔术师表演魔术._________________________________________.我们经常看见他被他爸爸打。⑵位于with复合结构中。注意根据宾语的关系确定选用过去分词或现在分词。如：

withagoodcoachinstructingus,wearesuretowinthematch.如果一个好教练指导我们，我们一定会赢得比赛的。withthenoise____________

,hecouldn’tdohishomework..外面有吵杂声他无法做作业。withthehomework____________,hewasallowedtoplayfootb all.2、作状语现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，现在分词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系。选用分词时，一定要看分词与其逻辑主语的关系，如果表示与句子谓语动词的动作同时发生，即选用现在分词的一般式；如果分词的动作先于谓语动作而发生，就用分词的完成式。现在分词作状语时，一般在句子中充当时间、原因、方式或伴随、结果等状语。⑴表示时间___________________,shesawanambulancedrivingup.她转过身，看见一辆救护车开了过来。____________________,hemadeuphismindtoenter.到了那，他决定进去。⑵表示原因___________________________________________________ ___,Icouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.由于不知道她的电话号码，我无法与她取得联系。___________________________________________________ __,he

hasn’tgotmuchmoneyleft.由于失业时间长了，他没剩下多少钱._____________________________,we’dbettergotolistentohim.既然已经请了他给我们做报告，我们最好还是去听听。

⑶表示伴随或方式

Helenwassittingbythewindow,________________________ __.海伦正坐在窗子旁，看一本小说。Acrowdofchildrenranoutoftheclassroom,______________ _________________.一群小孩有说有笑的从教室跑了出去。

⑷表示结果Hisparentsdied,_________________________.他父母死了，给他留下很多钱。Atnight,roadsarebrightlylit,_______________________ ___________.夜晚灯光把马路照得很亮，使行人和车辆畅通无阻。注：现在分词做状语时，有时前面有一个名词或代词作它逻辑上的主语，使现在分词表示的动作不是由句子的主语来执行，而是由该逻辑主语来执行，这种带逻辑主语的现在分词称为独立主格结构。如：Timepermitting,we’llvisitthehistorymuseum._________________________ _______________nobus,wehadtowalkhome.没有公共汽车了，我们只好步行回家。weexploredthecaves,________________________.由Peter

作向导，我们探察了这些洞穴。_____________________,thelibrarywasout.由于今天是假日，图书馆关门了。_____________________,thetreesturnedgreen.春天来了，树都绿了。3、作定语分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后，其逻辑主语就是所修饰的名词或代词，表示逻辑主语发出的动作。单个分词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词或代词之前。现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。asleepingchild

_____________

_______________________

等候着的观众awalkingdictionary_________________ _______________________自来水_________________________困惑不解的表情Theman__________________isTom’sfather.跟我们校长谈话的那个人是Tom的父亲。Thereweresomechildren_______________intheriver.有些小孩子在河里游泳。

_________________________________________________.

正在建的那座大楼是我们公的。4、作表语现在分词作表语，表示主主发出的动作。需注意

amuse,bore,disappoint,discourage,excite,fascinate,f reeze,frighten,horrify,inspire,interest,move,surpri se,touch等动词常用其现在分词和过去分词形式作表语。现在分词表示主语所具有的特征，意思是“令人……的”；过去分词表示主语的状态，意思是“感到……的”。Itisvery_____________tohavesomanypeopleattendingthe meeting.

whatyouhavetoldmeisvery_____________.Themusicsounds ______________.Hesaidthatina___________and_________ _____voice.语法随堂练习一、选择题1.

inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthatheha dlefthiswalletathome.

A.Towait

B.Havewaited

c.Havingwaited

D.Tohavewaited2.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarr iage

thegirlandtookheraway,___intothewoods.

A.seizing;disappeared

B.seized;disappeared

c.seizing;disappearing

D.seized;disappearing3.______fromothercontinentsfor millionsofyears,Australiahasmanyplantsandanimalsnot foundinanyothercountryintheworld.

A.Beingseparated

B.Havingseparated

c.Havingbeenseparated

D.Tobeseparated4._______theprogramme，theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.

A.Notcompleting

B.Notcompleted

c.Nothavingcompleted

D.Havingnotcompleted5.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman

hishandintothepocketofapassenger.

A.put

B.tobeputting

c.toput

D.putting6.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound

inthekitchen.

A.smoke

B.smoking

c.tosmoke

D.smoke7.Heglancedoverather,

thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.

A.noting

B.noted

c.tonote

D.havingnoted8.

,themoreexpensivethecamera,thebetteritsquality.

A.Generalspeaking

B.Speakinggeneral

c.Generallyspeaking

D.Speakinggenerally9.Daddydidn’tmindwhatweweredoing,aslongasweweretogether, fun.

A.had

B.have

c.tohave

D.having10.Thebell

theendoftheperiodrang,

ourheateddiscussion.

A.indicating;interrupting

B.indicated;interrupting

c.indicating;interrupted

D.indicated;interrupted11.Itisbelievedthatifabookis

itwillsurely

thereader.A.interested;interest

B.interesting;beinterestedc.interested;beinterestin g

D.interesting;interest12.Therewasaterriblenoise thesuddenburstoflight.

A.followed

B.following

c.tobefollowed

D.beingfollowed

13.Thisnewssounds

.

A.encouraging

B.encouraged

c.encourage

D.toencourage

14.Thenestmorningshefoundtheman

inbed,dead.

A.lying

B.lie

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2210229600.html,y

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2210229600.html,ying

15.Ifyouwaveyoubookinfrontofyourface,youcanfeelthea ir

againstyourface.

A.moved

B.moving

c.moves

D.tomove

16.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,

itthemostpopularsportintheworld.

A.making

B.makes

c.made

D.tomake

17.

areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.

A.Notreceiving

B.Receivingnot

c.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived

18.“can’tyouread?”marysaid

tothenotice.

A.angrilypointing

B.andpointangrily

c.angrilypointed

D.andangrilypointing

19.Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwitht hetalks,

thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.

A.havingadded

B.toadd

c.adding

D.added

20.Therailway

inourcountrywillchangeourlifealot.

A.havingbeenbuilt

B.beingbuilt

c.building

D.tobuild

21.There

nobuses,wehadtowalkhome.

A.being

B.was

c.having

D.had

22.

aletter,someoneknockedatthedoor.

A.whilewriting

B.whileIwaswriting

c.Havingwritten

D.Duringwriting

23.Thepicture onthewallispaintedbymynephew.

A.havinghung

B.hanging

c.hangs

D.beinghung

24.Standingontopofthebuilding, .

A.thewholecitycouldbeseen

B.nothingcouldbeseen

c.wecouldseethewholecity

D.allcouldbeseen

25.Thesalesmanscoldedthegirlcaught

andletheroff.

A.tohavestolen

B.tobestealing

c.tosteal

D.stealing

26.whenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinnedtothedoor

“Sorrytomissyou,willcalllater.”

A.read

B.reads

c.toread

D.reading二、用所给词的适当形式填空

1._________thenews,theygotexcited.

2.Thecupdroppedto theground,____________intopieces.

3.______________su chheavypollutionalready,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanupt

heriver.4._______________ill,hedidn’ttakepartinthesportsmeeting.5.Thestormleft,________ _________alotofdamage.6.________________whattodo,he turnedtohisteacherforhelp.7.Theboylyingtherewasfoun d_____________blackandblueallover.8.Theresultisfoun dvery_______________9.If___________forawhile,youcan gettheresult.10.Isawthem______________toeachother,o bviouslytheydidn’twanttobeheard.11.Theproject________________nextmon thneedsmorepeopletohelp.12.Thehighbuilding_________ ___thereismeantfortheoldwithoutchildren.Itisexpecte dtobefinishedinayear.13.____________thejob,theywent totheseashoreforarelaxation.14.______________byherl astletter,theyarehavingawonderfultime.15.Anaccident happenedyesterday,_____________himbadlyhurt.16.whil e___________thestreet,youshouldespeciallybecareful.

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M5 Unit 2 The environment 重点的短语和用法 1. environmental protection 环境保护 2. protect/ preserve the environment保护环境 3. open the floor有发言权 4. harm/damage the environment破坏环境 5. follow the schedule for sth按照……的日程表 6. voice sth表达出…… 7. large amounts of大量的 8. see/think of …as…将…视为… 9. flow into流入 10. wipe out消灭 11. have a lasting effect upon/on有着持久的影响 12. in addition另外13. cut back on sth减少…… 14. be concerned about 关心/担忧 15. pour…into把……倒入 16. large numbers of大量的 17. work side by side with sb和……共事 18. run a factory 经营一家工厂 19. a stable economy 稳定的经济 20. a healthy and friendly environment 21. keep… in mind 记住……; 想着…... 22. be willing to do sth.愿意做某事 23. present one’s point陈述某人的观点 24. solar energy 太阳能 25. make a final decision做最后决定 26. start a campaign for发起一次……运动 27. ask around四处打听28. work on 从事 29. nature reserve自然保护区 30. run out of用完，用光31. draw a conclusion得出结论 32. pass sth on to sb 把……传给…… 33. in the form of以……形式 34. pick out挑选出35. focus on 36. under way在进行中 37. be stocked with 储备有…… 38. due to 39. as a result of 结果 40. on account of因为 41. deposit sth into把…..存入…… 42. rely on依靠. 43. result in结果，导致 44. be under way to do sth 正在干…… 45. be home to ……的发源地，……之家 46. be prohibited from doing sth禁止做某事 47. decide on sth 决定

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