自考0087句子改错模块

复习时间2014年月日班级姓名备注

复习：句子改错模块（0087 英语翻译）

第一部分：重点翻译理论知识归纳总结

1.翻译的标准（忠实；通顺）P6

2.怎样读懂原文

3.汉译英的基本功

（拼法正确；合乎用法；句子平稳）

4. 把握全篇而后译

5. Readability 顺P44

（翻译意思，不是翻译词句）

6. 研究句子结构的差异

7. 提高文字水平无止境

8. 用知识武装自己

9. 严谨的学风

10. 佛经翻译P101

（1）释道安

（2）鸠摩罗什（对佛经的贡献；翻译倾向）

（3）玄奘（对佛经的贡献；主张）

11. 严复与“信、达、雅” P112

（1）“信、达、雅”翻译标准的含义

（2）《天演论》

12. 林纾P121

（1）《巴黎茶花女遗事》《鲁宾逊漂流记》等

（2）对中国文学创作的影响

（3）钱钟书对他的评价

（4）钱钟书对文学翻译提出的新标准

13. 鲁迅与瞿秋白P139

（1）鲁迅：“宁信而不顺”；“凡是翻译，必须

兼顾两面，……”

（2）瞿秋白：“信”和“顺”不应对立

14. 郭沫若与茅盾P150

（1）郭沫若：关于理想翻译的论述；

翻译工作者要有责任感

（2）茅盾：直译，同时保留“神韵”；

1954年关于文学翻译的论述

15. 直译与意译P160

（1）各自代表人物

（2）周煦良直译分类

16. 傅雷P176

（1）“重神似不重形似”

（2）研究法国文学，翻译《人间喜剧》等

（3）认为翻译重在实践

17. 关于风格P190

周煦良关于风格的四方面论述

18. 王佐良P200

（1）翻译英诗为主，兼及散文和戏剧。《雷雨》（2）十二个要点（特别是直译和意译的论述）19. 翻译理论选读P218

（1）Cicero 西塞罗《论演说术》

观点：没必要逐字翻译，保持原作风格（2）Saint Jerome 哲罗姆《论最优秀的翻译》

观点：翻译意思，而不是翻译孤立的词20. 翻译理论选读P228

Tytler?s Three Principles

泰特勒《论翻译的原则》中的三原则

21. 翻译理论选读P237

The Art of Translation

萨沃里《翻译艺术》中的三个问题

22. 不应该这样翻译马克思的著作恩格斯P258

23. 确切翻译的原则P270

24. 翻译中的上下文和环境P281

25. 翻译理论选读P302

A New Concept of Translating Nida观点

26. 翻译理论选读P312

Paraphrase– The True road for the

Translator Steiner

27. 翻译理论选读P326

翻译作品犹如“土耳其挂毯的反面”

杨宪益、戴乃迭

如何解决文化差异问题

28. 翻译理论选读P362

Guard Against Chinglish Adler

防止“中式英语”

第二部分：真题回顾

2004年

36. 原文：China?s vast size and resources, her extraordinary economic progress over recent years, have made her an increasingly important player in the modern international economy.

译文：中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，这使得中国在现代国际经济中成为一个越来越重要的游戏者。

37. 原文：His air of complete self-assurance and somewhat lordly bearing would have frightened me, had it not been for his warm and hearty handshake.

译文：他和我握手时的那种热情和真挚不像是那么回事，他那十分自信和略为高傲的派头真使我害怕。

38. 原文：She wore dark glasses, a thick sweater and a white scarf.

译文：她穿戴着墨镜、厚毛衣和白围巾。

39. 原文：She is neatly and quietly dr essed in accordance with her age and position.

译文：她穿着整齐、朴素，以便和她的年龄和身份相称。

40. 原文：My wife and I, as well as our entire party, are deeply grateful.

译文：我的夫人和我以及我们全党都非常感激。

41. 原文：It is better to be alone than in ill company.

译文：与其呆在不怎么样的公司，还不如一个人呆着。

42. 原文：深圳人自己总结经验，由内向型转为外向型经济。

译文：The people in Shenzhen reviewed their experience and decided to shift the z one?s economy from an incoming orientation to an external orientation.

43. 原文：“物极必反”，错误成了堆，光明就会到来。

译文：“Things turn into their opposites when they reach the extreme”; when mistakes pile up, light is not far off.

44. 原文：钻石湖风景秀丽，是这个城市的几大景点之一。

译文：The Diamond Lake, noting for its beautiful scenery, was regarded as one of the outstanding views of the city.

45. 原文：没有科技知识要建设社会主义是不可能的。

译文：Without knowledge of science and technology is impossible to build socialism.

2005年4月

36．原文：I believe Chinese economic authorities recognize the problem and the next Five-Year Plan will address it effectively.

译文：我相信中国经济管理部门已认识到这个问题，在下一个五年计划中会有效地提到它。37．原文：World War II was more complex than World War I, which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of market, resources and territories.

译文：第二次世界大战比第一次世界大战更复杂，那是帝国主义列强之间争夺市场资源和领土的冲突。

38．原文：Yet there was a bigger movement in the air by 1750.

译文：到了1750年，进行了一场更大的空中运动。

39．原文：Byron?s father, by his first marriage, had a daughter, Augusta, Byron?s half-sister.

译文：拜伦的父亲和第一位妻子生了一个女儿，名叫奥古斯塔，是拜伦同母异父的妹妹。40．原文：It is no use telling grown-up children not to make mistakes, both because they will not believe you, and because mistakes are an essential part of education.

译文：告诫子女不要犯错误，那是没用的，一来他们不听你的，二是错误本身也是教育的一个重要方面。

41．原文：Driving southward from Cairo into the valley, I entered a landscape that owed little to the present era.

译文：我从开罗驱车南行，进入尼罗河河谷，这里的景色没有亏欠多少现在的时代。42．原文：我最近还在另一个地方说过：艺术的最高境界是无技巧。

译文：I?ve also said recently in another place that the highest state to which art can attain is artlessness.

43．原文：凤霞从1966年被迫离开舞台，后来又因病不能登台，至今已经14年之久。

译文：Fengxia was driven off the stage in 1966 and later fell ill, for 14 years she has not been able to perform.

44．原文：合营企业的有关外汇事宜，应遵照中华人民共和国外汇管理条例办理。

译文：The foreign exchange transactions of an equity joint venture shall observe the regulations on foreign exchange control of the People?s Republic of China.

45．原文：老年人有长处，但也有很大的弱点——老年人容易固执，因此老年人也要有点自觉性。

译文：Old people have strengths but also great weaknesses—they are easy to be stubborn, for example—and they should be aware of that.

2006年4月

2006年7月

2007年4月

2007年7月

2008年7月

36. 原文：The school education at the time could only dull an inventive mind.

译文：当时的学校教育只能让创造的心灵愚钝。

37. 原文：On behalf of all of your American guests, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality.

译文：代表你们的所有美国客人，我向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。

38. 原文：When he had climbed the hill above the field he looked back. He could see the white shapes of the girls dancing on the grass.

译文：只要他爬上小山，就回头向下看。似乎能看到姑娘们的白色身影在草地上舞动。39. 原文：The liver oil is given to those people who need certain vitamins.

译文：鱼肝油是给那些缺乏维生素的人服用的。

40. 原文：More than eight years have passed since Vice Premier Deng Xiaoping and I joined hands to establish full diplomatic relations between our two nations.

译文：自从邓小平副总理和我共同建立我们两国之间的圆满外交关系以来，已经八年多了。

41. 原文：孟母靠织布来维持生计。

译文：Meng?s mother lived on weaving.

42. 原文：祈年殿于1545年改建为一座镏金宝顶的三重檐圆殿。

译文：The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest was rebuilt into round-shaped hall with triple eaves and gilded ball on the top in 1545.

43. 原文：我坐在宫门台阶上，欣赏宫门口那一座大花坛，花坛里栽的是红、黄、白、紫四色分明的盛开的郁金香。

译文：I sat on the steps at the entrance of the palace, enjoying the big flower beds near the gate filled with blooming tulips of distinctive red, yellow, white and purple.

44. 原文：我从头到脚淋成个落汤鸡了。

译文：I was drenched from head to foot like a wet chick.

45. 原文：合营企业的一切活动应遵守中华人民共和国法律，法令和有关条例规定。

译文：All activities of a joint venture should comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People?s Republic of China.

2009年4月

36. 原文：It?s true t hat many new homes are rising in many old cornfields. But for the most part, life in the vast area of American heartland remains pretty much the same as it was 30 or 40 years ago.

译文：诚然，往昔的玉米地里矗立起一座座住宅。但大体上，美国中部广大地区的生活依然很美好，恰如三四十年前一样。

37. 原文：The importance of this conference cannot be overestimated.

译文：这次会议的重要性不能被过分强调。

38. 原文：While digging in the hills, some settlers perceived the region?s farming and stock-raising possibilities.

译文：在山区采矿的同时，有些移民已经看到这些地区的农业和畜牧业的可能性。

39. 原文：The annual total of telephone calls between UK and Canada has increased seven times.

译文：英国和加拿大之间的年通话总量增长了七倍。

40. 原文：In the evening, after the banquet, the concert and the exhibition, the premier would work on the drafting of documents.

译文：晚上，在宴会、音乐会和展览以后，总理还得起草公文。

41. 原文：上海人容易听懂苏州话，因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。

译文：People from Shanghai are easy to understand Suzhou dialect, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common.

42. 原文：我们的目标是把中国建设成为一个社会主义现代化强国。

译文：Our goal is to build China into a socialist, modern powerful country.

43. 原文：发动机并不是因为燃料耗尽而停止运转。

译文：The engine stopped not because the fuel was used up.

44. 原文：我已经提前完成了交给我的工作，他也提前完成了交给他的工作。

译文：I have fulfilled my assigned work ahead of schedule, and he has also fulfilled his assigned

work ahead of schedule.

45. 原文：农村发展的问题就是在这样的基础上提出来的。

译文：The issue of countryside development has raised on such a basis.

2009年7月

36. 原文：On that afternoon, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant.

译文：那天下午，我呆呆地，怀着期待的心情站在门廊里。

37. 原文：“You mustn?t use all that electricity to please me,”he protested.

译文：他抗议道：“你们不该用这么多电，就为了让我高兴。”

38. 原文：Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science.

译文：在农业革命中比之机械不太重要的是科学。

39. 原文：Despite the great gains in industry, agriculture remained the nation?s basic occupation.

译文：尽管工业取得了很大的进步，但农业保持着国家的基本事业。

40. 原文：Scientists are confident about the formation of coal.

译文：科学家对煤是怎样形成的很自信。

41. 原文：总之，一个合逻辑，一个合文法，一个较好的修辞，这三点请你们在写文章的时候注意。

译文：In short, to be logical, to be grammatical and to have a better command of rhetoric, these are the three points I would like you to bear in mind when you write.

42. 原文：如今，能为他的这本散文集子作序，我觉得很荣幸。

译文：Now, to be able to write a preface to this collection of his essays, I find it a great honor.

43. 原文：我们在面对成绩时，应保持谦虚的态度。

译文：We should keep the attitude of modesty when facing achievements.

44. 原文：鼓励外国合营者将可汇出的外汇存入中国银行。

译文：To encourage a foreign joint venturer to deposit in the Bank of China the foreign exchange which it is entitled to remit abroad.

45. 原文：当时，许多孩子正在靠近铁轨的地方玩耍，他们那样大胆，不知道危险就在眼前，使我们非常吃惊。

译文：Many children were playing closely to the tracks then, and we were stunned by their ignorance and daring.

2010年4月

36. 原文: We have acquired a keen sense of the diversity, dynamism, and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.

译文：在改革和对外开放政策下，我们强烈地感受到了中国的多样化、活力和进步。

37. 原文：Public officials may be removed from office for failing to perform their duties properly, as well as for serious violations of law.

译文：公职人员如果渎职就会被撤职，并被视为严重违法。

38. 原文：You cannot be too careful in proofreading.

译文：校对时，你不能过于仔细。

39.原文：She persisted in her work when she might take a good rest.

译文：当她可以休息时，她却在工作。

40. 原文：He wished that he had asked her to dance, and that he knew her name.

译文：他真希望自己请她跳了舞，又知道了她的芳名，那该有多好。

41.原文：理论上看起来容易的事情做起来却往往非常困难。

译文: That seems easy in theory is often immensely difficult to achieve.

42.原文：人们喜爱这位美国当代优秀作家。

译文: People love this American contemporary outstanding writer.

43.原文：为了推动中美关系的发展，中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也需要进一步了解中国。

译文: To promote the development of Sino-US relations, China needs to know the United States better and the United States needs to know China better.

44.原文：中国作为人类文明发祥地之一，在几千年的历史进程中，文化传统始终没有中断。译文: As one of the cradles of human civilization, China has all along maintained its cultural tradition without letup in its history of several thousands years.

45.原文：中国现有宜农荒地3,500万公顷，其中可开垦为耕地的约有1,470万公顷。

译文: China now has 3.5 million hectares of wasteland which are suitable for farming. Of this, about 1.47 million hectares can be reclaimed.

2010年7月

36. 原文: Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution was science.

译文：在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。

37. 原文: I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects.

译文：一想到连接两个生命的差异是如此巨大时，我的心中充满了诧异。

38. 原文: Each language has its own genius.

译文：每一种语言有其自己的天才。

39. 原文: The captain of the boys was telling me he was in need of one.

译文：孩子们的队长告诉我他是要雇人的。

40. 原文: The oil used for lubrication must be of correct thickness.

译文：润滑油的厚度要适当。

41. 原文:从1980年至1992年, 人均国民生产总值平均增长率为7.6%。

译文：Each GPS has grown at an average rate of 7.6% from 1980 to 1992.

42. 原文: 鼓励合营企业向中国境外销售产品。

译文：Encourage a joint venture to market its products outside China.

43. 原文：坐在花园的篱笆上，一只黄蜂蜇了我一下。

译文：Sitting on the fence in my garden, a wasp stung me.

44. 原文：不发达地区大都是拥有丰富资源的地区，发展潜力是很大的。

译文：Most of the less developed areas are rich in resources，development potential is very great.

45. 原文：总起来说，就是要把中国建设成为富强民主文明的现代化国家。

译文：In a word, is to build China into a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced modern country.

2011年4月

36. 原文: When the girl saw the thief, her otherwise attractive face turned sour, violently so.

译文：那姑娘一看见小偷，她那在其他情况下还挺妩媚的面孔突然变色，变得怒气冲冲。37. 原文: No household can get on without water.

译文：没有家庭可以没有水而继续生活。

38. 原文: The lawyer will take the cases of the poor for nothing.

译文：这位律师无缘无故地受理穷人的案件。

39. 原文: I believe the Beijing Municipal Government has recognized the problem and the twelfth Five-Year Plan will address it effectively.

译文：我相信北京市政府已认识到了这个问题，在第十二个五年计划中将有效地提出这一问题。

40. 原文：Both parties shall comply with the provisions of the laws, decrees and pertinent regulations of the People's Republic of China.

译文：合约双方将遵守中华人民共和国法律、法令和有关条例规定。

41.原文：大凡远方对我们都具有诱惑力，不是由于它的传说，就是由于它的美景。

译文：A faraway land always poses as a temptation that lures not with its legends but with its beautiful scenes.

42.原文：钻石湖风景秀丽，是这个城市的几大景点之一。

译文: The Diamond Lake, noting for its beautiful scenery, is one of the major scenic spots of the city.

43.原文：他说：“我不是文学家，不属于任何派别，所以我不受限制。"

译文：He said, "I am not a 'man of letters', either do I belong to any particular school. Thus I am not restricted in any way."

44.原文：微笑永远是微笑者个人的“专利"，它不能租，又不能买。

译文：Smile is always a "patent" of its owner, it can neither be rented nor bought.

45.原文：中国海域有丰富的海水资源和海洋可再生能源。

译文: China's sea territory abounds in seawater resources and regenerable marine energy resources.

2011年7月

36.原文：Would he treat them with cold suspicion?

译文：他会用冷淡的怀疑来治疗他们吗？

37.原文：Nearly 48 million people live in an area only slightly larger than Maryland.

译文：这个地方生活着将近四千八百万人口，只比美国的马里兰州略多一点。

38.原文：As soon as she became a widow she devoted herself to women’s higher education.

译文：她守寡了就去献身于女子的提升教育。

39.原文：From both sides of the valley little streams slipped out of the hill and fell into the Salinas River.

译文：峡谷两边都有小溪滑落进萨利纳斯河。

40.原文：Such issues as clean air, pure water and freedom from noise pollution are public concerns.

译文：这些如清洁的空气、纯净的水、无噪声污染的问题都关系到公众。

41.原文：五四运动是一次彻底的不妥协的反帝反封建的革命运动。

译文：May 4th Movement is a thoroughgoing, uncompromising revolutionary movement against imperialism and feudalism.

42.原文：提高现有耕地单位面积产量有潜力。

译文：There are potential for increasing the per unit area yield on the existing cultivated land. 43.原文：做中人的卫老婆子带她进来时，她头上还扎着白头绳。

译文：When the go-between Mrs. Wei brought her along, she had a white band round her hair. 44.原文：中国海域有丰富的海水资源和海洋可再生能源。

译文：China’s offshore areas abounds in seawater resource and regenerable marine energy resource.

45.原文：我们应该增进相互了解，加强友好合作。

译文：We should enhance mutual understanding and build stronger ties of friendly cooperation.

2012年4月

36.原文：All the boys are being quiet today. I wonder what they?re up to.

译文：男孩们今天都规规矩矩的，我真不知道他们怎么啦。

37.原文：The street peddler hawked, ……Now or never!??

译文：小摊贩吆喝道：“要买快买，不买拉倒！”

38.原文：I do not believe that she ever had time to notice that she was getting old.

译文：我不相信她曾有时间去注意自己正在日益衰老。

39.原文：What?s more, according to intelligence in the West, this troop could be doubled in its strength within 30 days.

译文：更有甚者，据西方情报，这支部队在数量上有可能在三十天内翻两番。

40.原文: He?s already past recovery.

译文：他已经过了康复期。

41.原文：夺取这个胜利，已经不需要很久的时间，不要花费很大的气力了；巩固这个胜利，则是需要很久的时间和花费很大的气力的。

译文：To win this victory will not require much more time or effort, but to consolidate this victory will require much more time and effort.

42.原文：他送来的稿子，我不能仔细全部欣赏完，但我却充分感觉到了他的文章的魅力。

译文：He had sent me his articles, I was unable to read carefully and enjoy them all,1 was fully aware of the charm of his writings.

43.原文：要是当时他请她跳了舞，现在又知道她的芳名，那该有多好啊！

译文：He wishes that he asked her to dance then and that he knows her name now.

44.原文：虎越来越少，猫却越来越多；虎濒于灭绝，猫却成了宠物。

译文：Tigers are becoming less and less, almost on the verge of extinction; on the other hand, cats are becoming more and more and they became pets.

45.原文：于生效之日起，此协议有效期为三年。

译文：This agreement will become effective as of the effective date and will remain in effect for three years.

2013年4月

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