英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析.docx

英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、 B、 C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项。

"You'll be blind by the time you're twenty-five," a doctor at Children's Hospital predicted. "Your blood sugars are much too high." It consumed me. No matter where I was or what I was doing,

it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy

my world.

I liked painting. Losing myself in painting filled me with peace. Painting provided me with

the only place where I could escape from those threatening words.

When I was twenty-one, my right eye went blind. Precisely three months after my twenty-fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage (大出血 ) in my left eye because of an accident. For the

next twenty years, vision came and went. I went through many eye operations in an attempt to

keep my vision. But after one final operation, I lost the battle and all remaining vision. And I

buried all dreams of painting.

Desperate, I enrolled in ( 注册 ) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (

损伤的 ). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world opened up to me through this program.

"Jaws and Window-Eyes are leading software for the blind," my instructor told me. "You can

use the Internet, e-mail and Microsoft with all its tools and features." It's amazing! Hope went up

for the first time in years. "By learning how to use hot keys to control the mouse, you can use Microsoft Access, Excel and Powerpoint," my instructor added.

For the next several years, I learned that when one door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology. Not

only do I have a speaking computer, but I have a speaking watch, alarm clock and calculator.

（1） What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 1 refer to?

A. The right opportunity.

B. Losing my sight in the future.

C. Consuming too much sugar

D. The children's hospital.

（2） What happened when the author was 25 years old?

A. He gave up painting.

B. He went blind completely

C. He injured one of his eyes.

D. He picked up a new hobby

（3） What brought a turning point to the author?

A. A special course.

B. A meaningful event

C. An inspiring speech.

D. An important interview.

（4） What does the author intend to tell us?

A. No pain, no gain.

B. Every man has his price.

C. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.

D. Be optimistic in the face of life's difficulties.

【答案】（1） B

（2） C

（3） A

（4） D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的左眼失明，右眼视力严重受损，但作者没有气

馁，“一个特殊的课程”给作者带来了一个转折点。文章告诉我们：当一扇门关上时，另

一扇门就会打开。

（1）考查代词指代。。根据第一段中的“‘ Youbell’ blind by the time you’retwenty -five,a’doctor at Children’Hospital predicted. 当你“ 25 岁的时候，你就会失明”可知， No matter where I was or what I was doing, it was overhead like a dark cloud, waiting for just the right opportunity to break open and destroy my world. 中的 it 指的是“在未来会失明”，故选 B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Precisely three months after my twenty -fifth birthday, I had a massive hemorrhage ( 大出血 ) in my left eye b ecause of an accident. 可知，”作者 25 岁时

左眼受伤。故选 C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Desperate, I enrolled in (注册 ) a sixteen-week program for the blind and visually impaired (损伤的 ). I learned personal adjustment and the use of a computer with adaptive software. A whole new world op ened up to me through this program.可”知，“一个特殊的课程”给作者带来了一个转折点。故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“Forthe next several years, I learned that when one

door closes, another door opens. There are plenty of choices available for the blind and visually impaired through the gift of technology.可知，”作者告诉我们“面对生活中的困难，要乐观。”故选 D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一

篇故事类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行

分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Dear Mr.ing,

I'm Bob Watson, one of the customers in your grocery store. I'm writing to express my idea

about your goods.

Your Supermart is outstanding in many ways. First I enjoy the selection of produce and fresh bakery items. Second your low prices and excellent customer service keep me coming back to Supermart. I have found, however, that I must make a separate shopping trip to one of your competitors because there are many items your store does not carry. This becomes inconvenient for me, as my time is valuable, and I don't like to make two trips. I have been a long time Supermart shopper and hope to continue for many years. If I could find all the items I need in one place, I would be a more satisfied customer.

Specifically, I have never been able to purchase nacho cheese soup at your store. I can find other flavors (味道 ) of soup, but your store does not carry nacho cheese soup, a common ingredient ( 原

料 ) in many of my recipes. In addition, I can only find large wonton wrappers, while many other stores carry both large and small and offer a more varied selection for their customers. Another example is Regent Brand Chili Seasoning. Though it is not a leading brand, it is still common on the shelves of other grocery stores in this area and is superior in flavor to its competitors.

I sincerely hope to continue a relationship with your store, and I hope that you will

consider the possibility of expanding your goods to be more competitive. Yours truly,

Bob Watson

（1） From the letter, we can learn that the author is ________.

（2） How does the author present his point in Paragraph 2?

（3） According to Bob, the grocery store ________.

A.offers good customer service

B.is outstanding in every way

C.meets all his needs

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2711873085.html,cks convenient transportation

【答案】（ 1） B

（2） D

（3） A

【解析】【分析】本文是一封书信。杂货店的常客Bob Watson写信表达了对杂货店里的产

品的看法。

（ 1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Second your low prices and excellent customer

service keep me coming back to Supermarket 你”们的低价和优质的顾客服务使我经常光顾你

们的超市。从信中我们可以了解到作者是该店的常客。故选B。

（ 2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ Specifically, I have never been able to purchase nacho

cheese soup at your store. I can find other flavors (味道) of soup, but your store does not carry

nacho cheese soup, a common ingredient (原料) in many of my recipes. In addition, I can only

find large wonton wrappers, while many other stores carry both large and small and offer a more

varied selection for their customers. Another example is Regent Brand Chili Seasoning.具体来”说，我从来没能在你们店里买到纳乔奶酪汤。我可以找到其他口味的汤，但你们店里没有

纳乔奶酪汤，我的很多食谱里都有纳乔奶酪汤。此外，我只能找到大馄饨皮，而许多其他

的商店有大的和小的，并为他们的客户提供更多样化的选择。另一个例子是Regent 牌辣椒

调料。可知，作者在第二段中通过举例子来陈述他的观点。故选D。

（ 3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中“ YourSupermarket is outstanding in many ways. First I

enjoy the selection of produce and fresh bakery items. Second your low prices and excellent

customer service keep me coming back to Supermarket.你们的超市在”很多方面都很出色。首

先，我喜欢选择农产品和新鲜的烘焙食品。其次，你们低廉的价格和优质的客户服务让我

经常光顾超市。可知，据鲍勃说，这家杂货店提供良好的顾客服务。故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一封信件，考生需要准确

捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. It could be something as

simple as not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer marks even after hard work. But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.

Once, a young school boy was caught in a fire accident in his school and was assumed that

he would not live. His mother was told that he was sure to die, for the terrible fire had destroyed

the lower half of his body. Even if he were to survive, he would be lame throughout his life.

But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive. But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability. His thin legs just hung there, lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his determination to walk was unshakable. At home, when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a wheelchair. One day, he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him. He reached the fence, raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence, firmly determined. He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided.

With his iron determination, he did develop the ability to stand up, then to walk on and off,

then to walk by himself and then to run.

He began to walk to school, and then run to school, to run for the joy of running. Later in college he was on the track team.

In February 1934, in New York City's Madison Square Garden, this young man who was not expected to survive, who would surely never walk, who could never hope to run-this determined young man, Dr. Glenn Cunningham, ran the world's fastest mile.

A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many, and his story, a brilliant evidence to how one can bounce back even when all difficulties are piled against one, to the degree that death seemed the preferable option.

（1） The first paragraph is intended to ________.

A. present an argument

B. make preparations for statement

C. arouse readers'

interest D. function as a brief introduction

（2） What was the doctor's opinion about Glenn?

（3） What do we know about Glenn?

A. Glenn took recovery exercise in hospital.

B. Glenn inspired people with his moving story.

C. Glenn won the first place in Marathon.

D. Glenn organized a track team in college.

（4） What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Strengthen determination

B. Stand up after failure

C. Go after dreams

D. Face difficulty bravely

【答案】（ 1） D

（2） C

（3） B

（4） B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。文章通过

Glenn 幸存的故事，告诉我们“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起

来。”

（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced

failure. 和 But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.可知，

第一段的作用是作一个简短的介绍。故选D。

（ 2）推理判断题。根据第三段中 Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive. 可知，医生

认为 Glenn 生还的机会很小。故选 C。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中A good example of the power of positive thinking and

faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many, 可知， Glenn 以他感

人的故事激励人们。故选 B。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句But what makes you is not your failure, but how you

get back up after being hit. 让“你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起

来。”可知本文最佳主题是 B 项 Stand up after failure 。故选 B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇议论类阅读，阅读时

首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什

么的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定

位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。

4．阅读理解

Since 2013, Torobo, a robotic arm designed to test the limits of artificial intelligence, has had

one ambition —to be admitted to the University of Tokyo. However, it has repeatedly failed. This

year was no exception.

In early November Torobo took an exam to prepare for an all-important standardized test. While Torobo's total score of 525 out of 950 was 14 points higher than in 2015， its standard score of 57.1% was slightly lower, because human students did better in the 2016 test.

Though the score， which is higher than the national average, is enough to get the robot

admitted to many other famous Japanese universities,

it falls short of the minimum required for the University of Tokyo.

A closer analysis of the results showed that Torobo's newly programmed ability to solve complex physics problems helped increase its

year-over-year physics score from 46. 5% to 59%. The robot also dug deep into its database

of information from textbooks and websites to obtain

an impressive 66.3% in world history. The average 60% scores acquired in the two math sections, were not too shabby either.

But ，while Torobo is able to handle knowledge-based questions and ones involving complex mathematical calculations, it has a hard time thinking independently. As a result, the robot is unable to fully understand multiple sentences and phrases to arrive at the logical conclusions required in the English language tests. This weakness was reflected in the weak oral and writing scores, which came in at 36.2% and 50.5%, respectively.

Fortunately, after four tiring years, the robot's creators have decided to free Torobo from its

annual test-taking suffering, the research team will instead focus on improving the robot's ability

to pick out specific answers from massive sets of data —a skill that led to its excellent history scores. They believe the expertise( 技） will help Torobo succeed as an industrial robot.

（1） What is the disadvantage of Torobo?

A. It has much difficulty searching for facts.

B. It doesn't own language skills.

C. It has weak independent thinking ability.

D. It couldn't get through the exams.

（2） What does the underlined word“it” in the third paragraph refer to?

A. the score

B. Torobo

C. the University of Tokyo

D. the national average

（3） What did the exam results show?

（4） What is the text mainly about?

A. Subjects a robot are good at.

B. A robot's performances in exams.

C. Majors that are suitable for a robot.

D. A robot's ways to deal with exams.

【答案】（1） C

（2） A

（3） D

（4） B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇明文，主要介了一款用来人工智能极限的机器人在考中的表

和它的弊端。

（1） C理解。根据文章倒数第二段的前两句内容可知，Torobo的缺点是不擅独立

思考，不能理解复的句子。故 C.

（2） A 猜。根据上半句“Though the score，?, is enough to get the robot admitted to many other famous Japanese universities, 可知，前半”句从句的主the score 就是主句的主

it 所代指的。故 A.

（3） D 理解。根据第四段各个学科得分的比以及最后一段可知，Torobo 的史成

非常好。故 D.

（4） B 主旨大意。通全文可知，本文主要介了参加考的机器人在各个学科方面的不同表。

故 B.

【点】本文是一篇关于介机器人的明性理解。主要以理解主，抓住关

键词，理解文章主旨。其中第二题比较有难度，需要排除其它选项。主旨题看前面一，二

段一般可以透漏出端倪。

5．阅读理解

I was never very neat, while my roommate Kate was extremely organized. Each of her objects

had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled (贴标签) everything. I always

looked for everything. Over time, Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty

clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. We both got tired of each other.

War broke out one evening. Kate came into the room. Soon, I heard her screaming,

“ Take y shoes away! Why under my bed!” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me. I jumped to my feet and

started yelling. She yelled back louder.

The room was filled with anger. We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a

phone call. Kate answered it. From her end of the conversation, I could tell right away her

grandma was seriously ill. When she hung up, she quickly crawled under her covers, sobbing.

Obviously, that was something she should not go through phone. All of a sudden, a warm

feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.

Slowly, I collected the pencils, took back the books, made my bed, cleaned the socks and swept

the floor, even on her side. I got so into my work that I even didn't notice Kate had sat up. She

was watching, her tears dried and her expression one of disbelief. Then, she reached out her hands

to grasp mine. I looked up into her eyes. She smiled at me, “ Thanks. ”

Kate and I stayed roommates for the rest of the year. We didn't always agree, but we

learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on.

（1） What made Kate angry one evening?

A. She couldn't find her books.

B. She heard the author shouting loud.

C. She got the news that her grandma was ill.

D. She saw the author's shoes beneath her

bed.

（2） The author tidied up the room most probably because _______.

A. she hated herself for being so messy

B. she was asked by Kate to do so

C. she

was scared by Kate's anger D. she wanted to show her care

（3） How is Paragraph 1 mainly developed?

A. By analyzing causes.

B. By describing a process.

C. By showing differences.

D. By following time order.

（4） What might be the best title for the story?

A. My Friend Kate

B. Hard Work Pays Off

C. How to Be Organized

D. Learning to Be Roommates

【答案】（1） D

（2） D

（3） C

（4） D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者与室友生活习惯迥异，冲突在所难免。在室友

遭遇悲痛之时，作者以实际行动表达自己的同情，从而达成和好。作者从中懂得一个道

理：让步、整理房间和坚持是处理室友关系的关键。

(1)细节理解题。根据第二段 I heard her screaming. “ Takeyour shoes away! Why under my bed! ”Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me可.知，室友生气是因为作者乱丢乱放的鞋子，故

选 D。

(2)推理判断题。根据第四段All of a sudden, a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.可知，作者整理房间是出于对室友悲伤的同情而表达自己的关切，故选D。

(3)推理判断题。根据第一段 Each of her objects had its place, but mine always hid somewhere. She even labeled( 贴标签 )everything. I always looked for everything. Over time ，Kate got neater and I got messier. She would push my dirty clothing over, and I would lay my books on her tidy desk. So we both got tired of each other. 等内容可知，作者列举了与室友在日常习惯上的种种

差异，故选C。

(4)主旨大意题。文章最后一段we learned the key to living together: giving in, cleaning up and holding on. 可知，作者表达了自己叙述这个故事的意图：就是懂得了与室友相处的关键，

故选 D。

【点评】英语阅读理解继续文解题技巧：英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、事

件、地点、或过程。特点是，其主题往往潜伏在字里行间，没有直接地表白出来 ;文章主旨要透过体察所揭示的人物、事件来进行提炼。描写手法大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下

顺序来展开。阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从

整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。高考阅读就

记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。

6．阅读理解

Resorts of every kind have sprung up to cater to the Englishman need to spend a part of the year, however briefly, by the seaside. No town in Britain is more than eighty miles from the sea and there are seaside resorts all around the coast. On a summer Sunday most of the roads that lead to the sea axe congested with cars full of people eager to get a breath of sea air. In the evening when everyone is full of food, ice-cream and lollypops, there is the long slow drive home on roads crowded with returning cars.

Brighton

Brighton is one of the best-known south coast resorts and is very popular for day trip excursions. It is only fifty miles from London and can be reached by fast train in an hour. At the weekend the pebbled beaches are thronged with people sunbathing or picking their way to the water's edge for a dip.

Bournemouth

Located a hundred miles from London, the beaches are wide and sandy. White Houses line the cliff tops and narrow valleys, densely wooded with pine trees, reach down to the shore. The area near to the town of Torquay on the Devon coast is sometimes called Britains Riviera and the climate is so mild that palm trees grow along the sea front.

Blackpool

On the north-west coast, a popular resort for the people in the industrial north, Blackpool is a

gay, noisy town, famous for its amusement facilities and the magical lights. At night people

travel from miles around to see the extravaganza of lights decorating the sea front.

Southend

On the east coast at the mouth of the Thames, Southend is, like Brighton, one of the favorite

resorts of Londoners. The pier here is the longest in Britain and offers a great variety of

differing entertainments.

（1） Why do people often have a long slow drive home on roads in summer?

A. Because it is extremely far from the sea.

B. Because people are full of food, ice-cream and lollypops.

C. Because too many returning cars often make a traffic jam.

D. Because people are attracted in the resorts so they leave slowly.

（2） Which resort is famous for its entertainments and grand lights?

A. Blackpool.

B. Bournemouth.

C. Briton.

D. Southend.

（3） Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. There are palm trees growing near Bournemouth.

B. Southend has the longest pier in Britain.

C. People crowded into the water's edge at Briton for a quick swim.

D. Southend is a better preferred resort than Briton by London locals.

【答案】（1） C

（2） A

（3） D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了不列颠海岸线上 4 个供英国人在海滩度过每

年的大量时间的度假胜地。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“In the eveningwhen everyone is full of food, ice-cream

and lollypops, there is the long slow drive home on roads crowded with returning cars.可知因为”返程车辆致使路上拥堵，人们装满食物慢慢开车回家。故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。根据 Blackpool 部分中的“On the north -west coast, a popular resort for

the people in the industrial north, Blackpool is a gay, noisy town, famous for its amusement facilities

and the magical lights. ”可知 Blackpool 以其娱乐设施和奇妙壮丽的灯光而著名。故

选 A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据 Southend 部分中的“On the east coast at the mouth of the Thames,

Southend is, like Brighton, one of the fav orite resorts of Londoners.可知Southend” 和Brighton

同样都是伦敦人最爱去的地方。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需

要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

It was the men's skating finals of the Winter Olympics when I was 16. Someday I'd be in the Olympics. In fact, it was my dream.

That night I lay on our living room floor excitedly watching the battle between the Brians: American Brian Boitano facing Brian Orser in Canada. Both of them had been world champions. Both of them deserved to win. Naturally I was for Brian Boitano, a northern Californian like me. We had skated on the same ice. I held my breath in amazement. Boitano performed successfully.

The gold medal! I jumped in the air when his score went up.

But what happened next is what I'll never forget. Brian Boitano sat in front of the camera with his coach, surrounded by a group of journalist. He was talking about his career and his medal, talking to the whole world. A terrible sinking feeling went through me. I could never be in the Olympics, I thought ? couldI not talk in public like that. Just the idea of a press conference terrified me.

I loved skating partly because I didn't have to talk. I could express myself with my jump sand dances better. I didn't have to stand up and give a speech like some teachers expected. I could feel the blood rush to my face if I thought a teacher was going to call me. I stared at my shoes. I was sure I'd make a fool of myself.

The next day I was at the rink ( 溜冰 ) as usual. I was practising a combination of jumps that had once seemed impossible. I worked very hard the next few years —on the ice and especially off. After journalists talked to me and although my heart pounded every time I spoke to them, I got to know them. They became familiar faces. And they got to know me. So when my big moment came four years after Brian's, I was ready.

Sometimes I think my biggest accomplishment was not winning the gold but talking to the press afterwards. When you do the thing you fear most, you put an end to fear.

Fear can stop you dead in your tracks. Fear can kill a dream. What are you afraid of? What scares you more than anything else? This year, walk right up to it and conquer it, step by step.

（1） What information can we get from the second paragraph?

A. The author lived a hard life.

B. The author comes from Canada.

C. The author once skated with Orser.

D. The author wished Boitano to win the match.

（2） What is one of the reasons why the author liked skating according to the passage?

A. She could build up her body to be healthier.

B. It could help her to get closer to her idol.

C. She could better express herself with body language.

D. The possibility of her being a world champion was great.

（3） What the author felt the most satisfied with is that.

A. she reached her coach's expectations

B. she became a world champion as planned

C. she managed to overcome her inner fear eventually

D. she handled the balance between her career and life

（4） What does the author mainly want to tell us?

A. Face a fear bravely.

B. Practice makes perfect.

C. Bad times make a good man.

D. Failure is the mother of success.

【答案】（1） D

（2） C

（3） C

（4） A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇叙文，述了作者克服自己的恐惧心理，在奥运冠后，

勇敢面者采的故事。

(1)考理解。根据第二段中的“ Naturallyl was for Brian Boitano, a northern Californian

like me 可”知作者希望Brian Boitano 能，故D。

(2)考推理判断。根据第四段中的“ I loved skating partly because I didn't have to talk. I could

express myself with my jumps and dances better 可知作者不” 言，喜滑冰是因是表达自己的

方式。故 C。

(3)考理解。根据倒数第二段中的“ SometimesI think my biggest accomplishmen t was

not winning the gold but talking to the press afterwards可知他自己最”大的成功是克服了

自己的恐惧，勇敢面者。故C。

(4)考推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ Fearcan stop you dead in your track. Fear can kill a

dream ”和“? walk right up to it and conquer it ， step by step 可知”作者想要告我要勇敢面自己

的恐惧，故 A。

【点】本考点涉及理解和推理判断两个型的考，是一篇故事，考生需要准确掌握信息，

并根据上下文行推理，出正确答案。

8．理解

Taxi-booking app Uber agreed to sell its business in China to Didi Chuxing. The two firms had

been fierce competitors, but Didi Chuxing had controlled the Chinese market with an 87% share.

Uber China launched in 2014, but it had failed to make any profit for a long time. Cheng Wei,

founder and chief executive of Didi Chuxing, said the two companies had learned a great deal

from each other over the past two years in China. He added that the deal would set the mobile

transportation industry on a healthier path of growth at a higher level. As part of the deal, Mr.

Cheng would join the board of Uber, while Uber chief executive Travis Kalanick would also join

Didi's board.

Uber's China business would own its separate branding while US-based Uber Technologies

would hold about 17.5% in the combined company. Didi Chuxing is backed by Chinese Internet

giants Tencent and Alibaba.

Uber had been struggling to break into the Chinese market despite having Chinese search

engine Baidu as an investor. Last February, the company admitted it was losing more than $1

billion a year in China. “ Fundingtheir Chinese dreams was becoming too expensive for Uber,”

Duncan Clark, chairman of Beijing- based consultancy BDA, told the BBC. Travis Kalanick said,“ As businessman, I've learned that being successful is about listening to your head as well as

following your heart.”

The fierce competition had led both companies to spend much more on their journeys. The

combination is likely to see fewer such subsidies（） .“ One thing to watch carefully is how

quickly consumers feel the impact as subsidies are withdrawn.” Mr. Clark added.

The deal with Didi Chuxing came just days after China had agreed to provide a legal

framework for taxi-ordering apps. Both Uber and Didi welcomed the decision. The new rules took effect last November and could, among other things, forbid such platforms to operate below cost.（1） According to the second paragraph, what can we know?

A. Being successful is about listening to your head and following your heart.

B. The deal would make the mobile transportation industry grow much faster.

C. Didi Chuxing had learnt more in China than Uber over the past two years.

D. Mr. Cheng would be working as a member of the board of Uber as planned.

（2） What is the best title of the passage?

A. Uber sold Chinese business to Didi Chuxing

B. Using Didi Chuxing brings more subsidies

C. Listen to your head and follow your heart

D. The new rules took effect last November

（3） What is the impact of the fierce competition between Uber and Didi?

A. Uber dominated the Chinese market with an 87% share.

B. China provided a legal framework for taxi-ordering apps.

C. Funding their Chinese dreams became expensive for Uber.

D. Chinese search engine Baidu became an investor of Uber's.

（4） The passage is probably taken from a website about ________.

A. apps

B. politics

C. economy

D. technology

【答案】（1） D

（2） A

（3） C

（4） C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，优步将中国业务出售给滴滴出行。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“ As part of the deal, Mr. Cheng would join the board of Uber, while Uber chief executive Travis Kalanick would also join Didi's board.可知，Mr. Cheng将按计”划担任优步董事会成员。故选D。

(2)考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“ Taxi-booking app Uber agreed to sell its business in China

to Didi Chuxing. The two firms had been fierce competitors, but Didi Chuxing had controlled the Chinese market with an 87% share. 可知，优”步将中国业务出售给滴滴出行。故选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“ Funding their Chinese dreams was becoming too expensive for Uber, 可”知，优步和滴滴之间激烈竞争对优步来说，为他们的中国梦提供资金变得很昂

贵。故选C。

(4)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ Taxi-booking app Uber agreed to sell its business in China

to Didi Chuxing. The two firms had been fierce competitors, but Didi Chuxing had controlled the Chinese market with an 87% share.可推知这”篇文章很可能来自一个网址的“经济栏目”。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报

道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答

案。

9．阅读理解

The Hunan Satellite TV(HNTV) show "Where are we going, Dad?" is a big hit. Many famous stars brought their children to a strange village alone, and they had to spend 72 hours with their children there. The program fully showed us a modern version of the "how to be a good father".

As the young parents today are too busy to take care of their children, this new form of "Lost on

the way" played by nanny Daddy and cute kids triggered( 触发 )a lot of people's emotional resonance(共鸣 ). Both the kids and their parents will find that their hearts are being drawn closer. But this kind of feeling has just proved that there is a big spiritual barrier between the modern parents and children.

The TV shows like "Children are hard to support!", "Where are we going, Dad?", "hot mom"

and "cute kids" are becoming more and more popular. All of these show the new parents' confusion in children's education and the appeal for the balance between career and family.

In real life, on the one hand the young parents feel helpless because they are too busy to accompany their children under the pressures of work and life; on the other hand they continue

to do so. The data collected by HNTV shows that nearly two-thirds of their audience are female, among whom 36% are aged from 25 to 34.We can imagine such a scene that one evening a young mother is watching the show with her young children, while her husband is still at work or trapped in socializing, or maybe is just playing computer games in the bedroom. The story of a child without the company of father is still going on. In fact, it is sometimes the same to mothers.

In a modern family, it is often the old who take the responsibility of raising a child. The participation of mother in the children's education is also very low.

It is just this kind of confusion where the parents have gone in the modern family education,

and where the parents will guide their children to go that "Where are we going ， Dad?" shows us. If a child wants to grow up healthily and safely into a modern citizen with independent personality and free spirit, it is very important for him or her to follow the parents who serve as

their first teacher. Maybe this is the real reason why such kind of TV programs could get hot. The truth is that children will go where their parents go; and society will go where the children go.

（1） In raising a child in modern society, parents should ________.

（2） Which of the following can be inferred in the passage?

A.Parents shouldn't entirely leave the education of children to the old.

B.36% of the audience of the program are female aged from 25-34.

C.The program shows us the confusion where the parents and children will go to play.

D.In a modern family it is often mothers who are responsible for raising a child.

（3） Which one is the best title of the passage?

A.Confusion Behind“ Where are we going, dad?”

B.Modern Education is Important

C.Nanny Daddy and Cute Kids

D.New problems in Modern Children's Education

（4） What attitude towards modern family education does the author express in the second paragraph?

A.Proud.

B.Worried.

C.Optimistic.

D.Indifferent.

【答案】（ 1） C

（2） A

（3） A

（4） B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过讲述热门节目“爸爸去哪儿”展示了现代家庭教育中存在的问题。

（ 1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ Allof these show the new parents'confusion children's education and the appeal for the balance between career and family.可知父母必须处in

”

理好事业与家庭之间的冲突，故选C。

（ 2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“ Ina modern family,it is often the old who take the responsibility of raising a child.可”知父母把养育孩子的责任交给了自己的父母，也就是爷爷

奶奶，故选A。

（ 3）考查主旨大意。本文讲述爸爸去哪儿，这个电视节目取得了巨大的成功，得到大家

的关注，从而如何教育孩子也就成为当前重要的话题，故选A。

（ 4）考查推理判断。第二段提到孩子很难养，辣妈，潮童，这些流行词汇，所有的这些

节目反应家长在平衡家庭与事业之间的矛盾，故作者的态度是很担忧的，所以选

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅

读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推

理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

B。

10．阅读理解

Dodder is an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks other plants. Except for its flowers, the plant looks like spaghetti, a kind of noodles in the shape of long thin pieces that look like string when they are cooked. It's almost leafless, thread-like stems hang down on top of other plants

that dodder needs to stay alive. Dodder does not produce its own food. Instead, it steals food

from other plants. It feeds by sucking juices from the plant which is wrapped around, often making its host very weak or even killing it.

Dodder can find other plants by their smell. When a young dodder plant starts growing, it follows the smell of plants it prefers, like tomato plants, potato plants, or other farm crops. Unlike most plants that usually grow in the direction of light or warmth, a dodder plant will grow in the direction of, for example, tomato smell —if a tomato happens to be growing nearby.

However, a young dodder plant must find a host plant quickly. It no longer needs its root once

it is attached to the host and wrapped around it. If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host

within a few days, it will dry up and vanish even if there is plenty of water around. Once it finds a

host, the young dodder plant will attach itself to it and start growing faster. At that point the dodder

plant will drop its root.

Dodder is thus a difficult weed to manage and a real headache for farmers. When it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce a farmer's harvest or even destroy crops completely.

Before sowing their produce, especially farmers in warm parts of the world often check to make

sure no unwanted dodder seeds have mixed with their crop seeds. This is a good way to stop

dodder plants from making their way to a crop field secretly.

（1） Why does the author mention spaghetti in the first paragraph?

A. To analyze the content of some food.

B. To introduce the topic of this passage.

C. To tell the usage of the dodder plants.

D. To describe the shape of dodder plants.

（2） What does the underlined word“vanish” in the third paragraph mean?

A. invade.

B. grow.

C. escape.

D. disappear.

（3） What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Dodder doesn't produce its own food.

B. Dodder gives off smell to attract plants.

C. Dodder can affect farmers' income.

D. Dodder can only survive in the shade.

（4） What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To introduce a new variety of farm crops.

B. To introduce plants that are harmful to

humans.

C. To introduce the special abilities of a dangerous plant.

D. To introduce recent

improvements in farming methods.

【答案】（1） D

（2） D

（3） C

（4） C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种有特殊生长习性，危害农作物生长的攀

附植物——菟丝子。

(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ Except for its flowers, the plant looks like spaghetti, a kind

of noodles in the shape of long th in pieces that look like string when they are cooked. 可推断，”

作者把菟丝子和意大利面条相比是用人们熟悉的东西来说明它的形状，故选D。

(2)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“ If it cannot catch a smell of a potential host within a few

days, it will dry up”可知，菟丝子如果不能很快找到可以寄生的植物，它就会变干，因此推

断即使周围有许多水它也会消失死亡。故画线词“vanish与” D 项 disappear “消失”意义相

近。故选 D。

(3)考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ When it does get out of hand, dodder can greatly reduce

a farmer's harvest or even destroy crops completely. 可知，当菟丝子失”去控制，也就是疯狂

的生长，菟丝子可以极大减少农民的收成，甚至完全摧毁庄稼。因此推断菟丝子会影响农民

们的收入。故选C。

(4)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ Dodderis an unusual and unwanted plant that attacks

other plants. 和下”文对菟丝子特殊的生长习性和危害的叙述可知，文章的写作目的是主要

介绍这种特殊又有危害的植物——菟丝子。故选 C。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考

生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

To fight for the conservation of forest ecosystem, several ecologists including Daniel Janzen

convinced Del Oro, an orange juice producer, to donate part of their forestland to a national park.

In return, Del Oro was allowed to throw large amounts of waste in the form of orange peels ( 皮 ) on

a 3-hectare piece of land within the national park at no cost. Dealing with tons of leftover peels

usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill, so the proposal was very

attractive.

But a year later, another juice company challenged the deal in court, arguing that their

competitor was“ polluting a national park” . They ended up winning, and the deal between Del

Oro and the national park fell through.

Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen

mentioned the orange story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that

had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier. What he found shocked him.

“ While I would walk over exposed rock and dead grass in the nearby fields, I'd have to climb

said through undergrowth and cut paths through walls of vines (藤) in the orange peel site itself.”Timothy Treuer.

Treuer and his team spent months picking up samples (样品), analyzing and comparing them.

They found great differences between the areas covered with orange peels and those that were

not. The area with orange waste had richer soil.

The effect that the orange peels had on the land is probably not that surprising to people

familiar with composting (施肥), but what is really shocking is that a judge actually thought the

waste of orange“ mined” a national park and stopped it from going forward. Now that Timothy

Treuer's study has received worldwide attention, this type of“ ruining is”being seriously

considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.

（1） What did Del Oro usually do with orange peels?

A. Add them to fuel.

B. Throw them into a national park.

C. Bum or bury them.

D. Make them into cakes.

（2） What can we know about the deal between Del Oro and the national park?

A. It lasted 15 years.

B. It was signed by Treuer.

C. It was made in about 1998.

D. It was broken by Del Oro.

（3） What was Treuer's finding?

A. Orange peels contain much fibre.

B. Orange peels can make soil richer.

C. Orange peels rot away in a short time.

D. Orange waste ruined the national park.

（4） What is the author's attitude toward the judge mentioned in the last paragraph?

A. Disapproving.

B. Positive.

C. Worried.

D. Admirable.

【答案】（1） C

（2） C

（3） B

（4） A

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了橘子皮对土壤的积极作用。

（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句话Dealing with tons of leftover peels usually involved burning them or paying to have them poured into a landfill,可知，之前处理橘子皮一

般要烧掉或花钱请人掩埋掉。故答案为C。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段Then in 2013, while discussing possible research avenues with Timothy Treuer, Daniel Janzen mentioned the orange story. Feeling interested, Treuer decided to stop by that piece of land that had been covered with fruit waste 15 years earlier. 可以推断出， 15 年前 Del Oro 与 national park 达成协议，往公园里倾倒橘子皮，但一年后由于其他果汁

公司的挑战终止了。故答案为C。

（3）细节理解题。根据文章第五段They found great differences between the areas covered

with orange peels and those that were not. The area with orange waste had richer soil.可知，他们发现被倾倒过橘子皮的地土壤更丰富。故答案为B。

（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段but what is really shocking is that a judge actually

thought the waste of orange“ mined” a national park and slopped it from going forward可知，.这位法官认为橘子皮毁坏了公园的发展，而作者在文中最后一句话this type of “ruining is”being seriously considered as a way of bringing forests back to life.指出，研究表明，橘子皮实

际上使森林恢复了生机，所以作者不赞成法官的观点。故答案为A。

【点评】阅读理解细节题解题技巧：

1）语义转换题 --跳读查找法：根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分

析，便可确定最佳答案。

2）生活应用题 --常识理解法：在读懂文章的基础上结合一定的生活常识进行判断。

3）细节排序题--首尾定位法：根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件

发生的正确顺序。

4）寻找信息题 --题干定位法：寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题，主要形式有广告、公告、演

出信息、航班时间表等。

12．阅读理解

Come to the AG Society's expedition ( 探险 ) program and you will surely get unique experiences!

SWIM WITH THE HUMPBACKS OF TONGA11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE

Dairen Jew and his team are your hosts for an The AG Society is partnering with APT to present unforgettable AG Society adventure, filled an exciting voyage along the Kimberley coastline with in-water meetings with humpback from Broome to Darwin. Expedition cruising whales (座头鲸 ) in the Kingdom of Tonga's offers the easiest way to explore the Kimberley. group of islands.Guests on this 11-day voyage will go ashore,

WHO: Darren Jew's Whales Underwater explore natural wonders, meet traditional DATES: 26 September-4 October 2018 owners, see rock art and spot wildlife. COST: $ 5,450 per person

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BOOKINGS:

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BOOKINGS: Visit https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2711873085.html,.au LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG

AG DKVIL ARK FXPEDITION

The AG Society offers you a chance to hunt for

Come and join Tim Faulkner for a unique hands- fossils (化石 ). Guided by experts, you'll go to

Tasmanian devil (袋獾 )

special locations, seeking new

fossils for on experience with this

the

feeding program in the beautiful Barrington Tops collections of the Australian Opal Centre. Your

see devils up close as you

discoveries

will

further

establish of NSW. You'll get to these

feeding individuals. In addition to assist with museum collections as a world-class scientific with

the

animals,

there'll

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working

and cultural resource. There are also a series

to

explore the area's natural

opportunities of lectures on mining history, fossils, dinosaur

hunting and new dinosaurs.

treasures and spot local wildlife. Don't miss your

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get involved in this

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WHO: Australian Opal Centre

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（ 1） If you join in LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG, you can ________. A. go to seek new fossils individually B. learn something about mining history

C. collect the world-class scientific fossils

D. become an expert and go to special locations

（ 2） What can you do if you take part in AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION? A. Help protect wildlife. B. Learn about dinosaurs.

C. Watch humpback whales.

D. Enjoy an exciting voyage.

（ 3） Which program will you choose if you want to enjoy rock art? A. AG DEVIL ARK EXPEDITION.

B. LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG.

C. 11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE.

D. SWIM WITH THE HUMPBACKS OF TONGA

【答案】 （1） B

（2） A

（3） C

【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了

AG 协会的四个远征计划的具体信息。

(1)考查细节理解。根据

If you join in LIGHTNING RIDGE FOSSIL DIG 部分中的 “ There are also a

series of lectures on mining history, fossils, dinosaur hunting and new dinosaurs.

可知，有一系

”

列关于采矿史、化石、恐龙狩猎和新恐龙的讲座。故选

B 。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第四个小框

“ AGDEVIL ARK EXPEDITION 中的 there'll be opportunities

to explore the area's natural treasures and spot local wildlife. Don't miss your chance to get

involved in this important conservation effort.可”知，有机会探索该地区的自然宝藏和当地野

生动物，还会有参与这项重要的保护野生动植物的机会。故选A。

(3)考查细节理解。根据 11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE部分中的“ Guestson this 11-day voyage will go ashore, explore natural wonders, meet traditional owners, see rock art and spot wildlife. 可知”，如果你想欣赏摇滚艺术的话，就选11-DAY KIMBERLEY COAST CRUISE。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节

信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

Buck did not know that there was trouble ahead, Trouble for every dog with strong muscles

and warm long hair, from Seattle to southern California. Some men had found a yellow metal

in the Arctic darkness, and thousands of other men were rushing there. These men wanted dogs that were heavy, with strong muscles for working hard and furry coats to protect them from the cold.

Buck lived at a big house in a sunny valley in California which was owned by Judge Miller. He was neither a house dog nor a kennel ( 狗窝 ) dog. The whole of Judge Miller's land was his. Buck was king—king over all the crawling, flying things of Judge Miller's lands, humans included.

His father, Elmo, had been the Judge's inseparable companion. And when he died, Buck took

his father's place. He was not so large—he weighed only sixty kilogram—for his mother, Shep, had been a Scottish sheepdog. Hunting and other outdoor activities had hardened his muscle, and swimming had made him healthy.

This was Buck in the autumn of 1897, when the discovery of gold in the Klondike brought Men from everywhere to the frozen north. But Buck did not read the newspapers. And he did not know that Manuel one of the gardeners helper, was not a good man. Manuel gambled (赌博 ) and wasted the little money he had. No one saw him and Buck go off on what Buck thought was a walk. No one saw them arrive at the railway station where Manuel sold Buck to a man who

was waiting for him.

After two days ho was cried off the train in Seattle into a small, high-walled yard. There a fat

man in a red sweater broke open the cage with a small axe ( 斧头 )， while holding a club ( 棍棒 ) in the other hand. When there was a big enough opening, Buck jumped out like a red-eyed devil, straight at the fat man. But in mid-air, just as his teeth were going to close on the man, he

received a shock that he had never felt before. It turned him over and onto the ground. He had never been struck by a club in his life, and he did not understand. He was smashed down a dozen times.

Buck saw that he stood no chance against the man with the club. He had learned the lesson, and for the rest of his life he never forgot it. It was his introduction into the world of primitive law.

In the end a small man called Perrault paid three hundred dollars for him, and he was led

away with Curly, a good-natured Newfoundland dog.

（1） What kind of dogs did the gold-seekers want?

A.Heavy house dogs with yellow hair.

B.Strong long-haired dogs.

C.Diligent dogs with yellow hair

D.Muscular kennel dogs.

（2） Buck was proud of himself for the following reasons, EXCEPT that ______.

（3） Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

（4） What can be the suitable title for the excerpt?

A.Fall into Trouble

B.Fight against a Man

C.Escape from Trouble

D.Believe in a Man

【答案】（ 1） B

（2） D

（3） D

（4） A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一只名为巴克的狗的遭遇。

（ 1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ Troublefor every dog with strong muscles and warm

long hair, from Seattle to southern California. These men wanted dogs that were heavy, with

strong muscles for working hard and furry coats to protect them from the cold.可知，从西雅图”到南加州，每一条长着结实的肌肉和温暖的长毛的狗都会在劫难逃。这些寻金人需要的

是，高大强壮，有强壮的肌肉，能吃苦耐劳且皮毛可以帮助他们抵御寒冷的狗。所以淘金

者需要的是强壮的长毛狗。故选B。

（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ Buck was king king— over all the crawling, flying things

of Judge Miller's lands, humans included.可知，巴克是”国王——统治着 Judge Miller 领地上所

有爬行、飞行的东西，包括人类。所以 A 选项是巴克自豪的原因；第三段中的“Hisfather, Elmo, had been the Judge's inseparable companion. And when he died, Buck took his father's place. Hunting and other outdoor activities had hardened his muscle, and swimming had made

him healthy. 他”的父亲艾尔莫一直是Judge Miller 形影不离的伙伴。他死后，巴克接替了他

父亲的位置。打猎和其他户外活动锻炼了他的肌肉，游泳使他身体健康。所以B,C 两项是

巴克自豪的原因。故 D 项不是巴克自豪的原因。故选D。

（ 3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“ But in mid-air, just as his teeth were going to close

on the man, he received a shock that he had never felt before, It turned him over and onto the

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