初中英语语法--名词专题(含练习)

名词（一）

一、名词的概念：在我们身边存在着形形色色的人和事物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词，概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象等的名称的词都叫名词。

二、名词的分类：

1．专有名词：它的第一个字母通常大写。

a. 人名、地名、国名等例如：Lucy, Shanghai, China

b.组织、团体、机构等例如: the United Nations

c.语言、星期、月份等例如：English, Friday, March (注意介词in/on/at的用法) 注意：国家与人的对应

China----- Chinese America---- American(s) Australia---- Australian(s) Canada---- Canadian(s) Japan---- Japanese Germany---- German(s)

France----Frenchman(Frenchmen) GB----Englishman(Englishmen)

2．普通名词：

（1）不可数名词：不可以直接以数字计算的名词。例如：snow, air, water, rice, paper, work, news(新闻)，food, rain, weather, juice, milk, meat, money ，English, fruit , information …

不可数名词要表示具体数量，必须借助of短语。如不能说one bread，但是可以说one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。

只能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：

little很少的（表示否定）；a little一些（表示肯定），much（许多），how much （多少），a bit of（一些）

既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：some(一些，用于肯定句), any（一些，用于否定和疑问句）a lot of (许多), lots of(许多)

★不可数名词量的表示方法：计量词+of

例如：a piece of news a cup of tea a piece of bread

two pieces of news two cups of tea two pieces of bread

注意：a bag of apples

（2）可数名词：可以直接以数字计算的名词。如one book、two pens。可数名词有数的变化，即每个名词都有单数和复数两种形式。可数名词可以用两种方式表示具体数量：1、直接在其前加数词；2、在其前加of短语（of+可以用作计量的名词）。如：one egg, two eggs; one basket of eggs, two baskets of eggs

★名词复数的构成：

a. 一般情况下，直接在词尾加s; 例如：book---books girl---girls desk---desks

b.以s, x, sh, ch结尾的，在词尾加es；例如：box---boxes bus---buses watch---watches fish---fishes

c. 以辅音字母+y 结尾的，变y为i 加es; 例如：city---cities family---families

以元音字母（a, e, i, o, u）+y 结尾的，直接加s; 例如：boy---boys day---days key---keys

d. 以f或fe结尾的，变f或fe为v加es; 例如：knife---knives life---lives

wife---wives half---halves但roof, scarf 后直接加s

e. 以o结尾的，有生命的(或以辅音字母加o 结尾的)加es, 没生命的（或以元音字母加o结尾的）加s; 例如：radio---radios Negro---Negroes

tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoes zoo---zoos piano---pianos photo--- photos 但hippo后直接加s

以下名词特别容易出错，请注意：stomach胃—stomachs, roof屋顶—roofs, reef 暗礁—reefs,

belief信仰—beliefs，handkerchief手帕—handkerchiefs/handkerchieves

★Man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, goose-geese, child-children, fish-fish/fishes, sheep-sheep, ox-oxen（公牛）, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, mouse-mice policeman-policemen 等

注：German(德国人)–Germans

只能用来修饰可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：

few很少的（表示否定），a few一些（表示肯定），many（许多），how many（多少），a number of(许多的), several几个

课堂练习：

一、写出下列名词的复数形式：

1.egg _____________

2. watch _____________

3. story ______________

4. knife _____________

5. radio ___________

6. tomato _____________

7. desk _____________

8. glass _____________

9. child _______________ 10. sheep ____________ 11. Chinese __________ 12.pencil-box ___________ 13. wife ___________ 14. family________ 15. city____________

16. dress ___________ 17.Englishman ___________18. match ___________ 19. exam___________ 20. German __________ 21. potato__________ 22. .juice__________ 23.water________ 24.holiday________

25.paper_______ 26.factory______ 27. thief_________

28.bus________ 29.class________ 30.glass______

31. wife 32. baby 33. policeman 34.brush

二、单项选择

1. Please pass me _____.

A. two glass of water

B. two glasses of waters

C. two glasses of water

D. two glass water

2. They got much ____ from those new books.

A. ideas

B. photos

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2a83771.html,rmation

D. stories

3. He had something to write down and asked me for ______.

A.a paper

B.some papers

C.some pieces of papers

D.a piece of paper

4. Some ______ are flying kites near the river.

A.child

B.boy

C.boys

D.childs

5. I’d like some water, but he wants _______.

A. two bottle orange

B. two bottles of orange

C. two bottles of oranges

D. two bottles of oranges

6. Look at the _______. You can see______ ________ and ________.

A. photos; potatoes, tomatoes, radioes

B. photoes; potatoes, tomatoes, radios

C. photos; potatoes, tomatoes, radios

D. photos; potatos, tomatos, radioes

7. Cut the apple into ________. A. halfs B.halves C. half

8. Mr. Lin often gives us __________ by e-mail.

A. some good information

B. some good informations

C. good informations

D. a good information

9. There are _____ in the fields. They’re eating grass.

A. a horse

B. much horses

C. many horse

D. many horses

10. I am thirsty. Would you bring me _______, please?

A.some bread

B.some water

C.some cakes

D.some eggs

11. ---How great Dalian Radio and TV center looks!---Yes. That’s one of the greatest ________ in Dalian.

A. building

B. build

C. buildings

D. builds

12. How many ______ has the old farmer got?

A. field

B. sheep

C. mutton

D. cow

13. The guide has some new _______. She can show them to us.

A.rice

B.food

C.jacket

D.pictures

14. ---What would you like to drink, girls? ---__________, please.

A.Two cup of coffee

B.Two cups of coffees

C.Two cups of coffee

D.Two cup of coffees

15. The _______ are going to fly to Beijing.

A.Germen

B.Germany

C.Germanys

D.Germans

16. The _______ has two ___________.

A.boys, watches

B.boy, watch

C.boy, watches

D.boys,watch

17. The boy always stays there for __________.

A.one and half hour

B.one and a half hour

C.one and half hours

D.one and a half hours

18. ---They are thirsty. Will you please give them _________? ---Certainly.

A.some bottles of waters

B.some bottles of water

C.some bottle of water

D.some bottle of waters

19. Don’t you think Dalian is one of the most beautiful ________ in China?

A.cities

B.city

C.place

D.towns up

20. ---What can I do for you? ---I’m looking for __________.

A.a pair of shoes

B.a pair of T-shirt

C.two pairs of hat

D.two pair of trousers

21. Twelve _______ were hurt, but no _________ were lost in that accident.

A.person; life

B.people; lives

C.peoples; lives

D.persons; life

22. There are ________ on the table.

A.a glass of water

B.a glass of milk

C.two glasses of water

D.a glass of orange

23. There are few _______ in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some peas, carrots and cabbages.

A.vegetables

B.fruit

C.meat

D.eggs

24. Mr. Smith always has ________ to tell us.

A.some good pieces of news

B.some pieces of good news

C.some good piece of news

D.some piece of good news

25. There is a lot of ________ in the box.

A.cake

B.bags of cakes

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2a83771.html,k

D.bags of milk

课后作业：

一、英汉互译

1.一片面包

2. 一瓶牛奶

3.一箱苹果

4. 一碗汤

5.一条消息

6. 四杯桔子汁

7.五包糖果8. 两公斤牛肉

9.十一名美国人10. 六名女学生

二、用所给名词的正确形式填空。

1. I have two (knife).

2. There are many (box) here.

3. I got a lot of Christmas (card).

4. There is a pair of (glass) on the table.

5. There are a few (people) in the playground.

6. How many (ship) can you see in the picture?

7. Mike has seven (friend).

8. A few (boy) are drawing on the wall.

9. He has some interesting (book).

10. The (child) are playing football now.

三、单项选择

1. He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat.

A. two breads

B. two piece of bread

C. two pieces of bread

D. two pieces of breads

2. I would like to have_______.

A. two glasses of milk

B. two glass of milk

C. two glasses of milks

D. two glass of milks

3. Can you give me ____?

A. a tea

B. some cup of tea

C. a cup tea D . a cup of tea

4. Please give me ________ paper.

A. one

B. a piece

C. a

D. a piece of

5. John bought_________for himself yesterday.

A. two pairs of shoes

B. two pair of shoe

C. two pair of shoes

D. two pairs shoes

6. Children should make____ for old people in a bus.

A. room

B. a room

C. rooms

D. the room

7. There are sixty-seven___ in our school.

A. women's teacher

B. women teachers

C. woman teachers

D. women teacher

8.We need some more____.Can you go and get some,please?

A.potato

B.potatos

C.potatoes

D.Potatos

9.A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.

A. Frenchmen; Germans

B. Frenchmen; Germen

C. German; Frenchmen

D. Germans; Frenchmans

11.Lucy and I go to school _____ every day.

A. on feet

B. on foot

C. by foots

D. by buses

12. –Are those _____? -No, they aren’t. They’re _____.

A. sheep; cows

B. sheep; cow

C. sheeps; cow

D. sheeps; cows

13.She is the tallest of in the family.

A. any sister

B. all the sisters

C. all her sisters

D. any other sisters

14. They don’t have to do today.

A. much homework

B. many homeworks

C. many homework

D.much

homeworks

15. The Chinese people enjoy happy now.

A. life

B. lifes

C. a life

D. lives

名词（二）

重点：名词所有格

在英语中，有些名词的词尾可以加上’s, 用来表示所属关系，这种结构称为名词的所有格。

1. 单数名词变所有格，只需在词尾加’s.

Eg. the boy’s schoolbag the worker’s shoes

2.复数名词的词尾已有s, 只需加’即可。

Eg. the teachers’ office the students’ pens

3. 若复数名词词尾无s, 则应加’s.

Eg. Women’s Day the People’s Park

4.无生命的词的所有格一般可用of 加名词这一结构来表示。

Eg. the name of the museum the center of the city

5.表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名词前加’s，若表示各自所

有，则每个名词后都要加’s.

Eg. Jim and Tom’s bedroom (吉姆和汤姆的卧室)（两人共有）

Jim’s and Tom’s bedrooms (吉姆和汤姆的卧室) （两人各自所有）

课堂练习：

一、用’s 或of 填空。

1. my mother bag

2. Tom friend

3. the door our room

4. postmen bags

5. the teachers desk

6. a book my father’s

二、汉译英

1. 露西的书

2. 学生们的鞋子

3. 李明的猫

4. 母亲的裙子

5. 这个公园的花

6. 我们教室的墙

三、用所给名词的正确形式填空。

1. This is (May) book.

2. My (brothers) toy cars are very beautiful.

3. He is a friend of my (mother).

4. That’s (Ken and Bill) new bedroom.

5. ---Whose are these lunchbox?

---They are (Ben).

6. (Pat) bag is very pretty. （Bob）is very pretty, too.

7. These books are my (friend).

8. Tomorrow is June 1st. It’s (children) Day.

四、单项选择

1. This is not your radio, but .

A. yours brother

B. your brother’s

C. you brother’s

D. yours brothers

2. September 10th is Day.

A. Teacher

B. Teachers

C. Teachers’

D. Teachers’s

3. Jane is sister.

A. Mary and Jack

B. Mary’s and Jack’s

C. Mary’s and Jack

D. Mary and Jack’s

4. I will give you to finish it.

A. two week’s time

B. two week time

C. two weeks’ time

D. two weeks time

5. Miss Smith is a friend of .

A. Mary’s mother’s

B. Mary’s mother

C. Mary mother’s

D. mother’s of Mary

6. March 8th is Day.

A. Woman

B. Women

C. Women’s

D. Woman’s

7. Mary went to last night.

A. the house of her father

B. hers father’s house

C. the house’s her father

D. her father’s house

8. There are sheep in this place.

A. a lot

B. lot

C. much

D. many

9. It’s about walk from this shop to the nearest bus stop.

A. three minutes’

B. three minute

C. three minute’s

D. three minutes’s

10. The doctor was very happy. He made mistakes in the exam.

A. a little

B. little

C. few

D. a few

课后练习：

一、用’s 或of 填空。

1. the desks our classroom

2. my btother computer

3. windows the office

4. the students Grade four

5. the drivers cars

6. today newspaper

7. Linda blouse 8. the doctors coats

二、汉译英。

1. 六个月的假期

2. Lily和Lucy 的单车

3. 老师们的包

4. 女孩们的裙子

5. 孩子们的牛奶

6. 林涛的衣服

7. 她姐姐的照片8. 这些男士的夹克

三、将下面的句子填写完整。

1. （李明的父母）work in a big hospital.

2. (小女孩的狗) is under the tree.

3.That big bed is (Mike 和Jack的).

4. (母亲的鞋子) are all black.

5. (教室的窗户) are not big.

6. (Peter 和Sue 各自的老师) are not in the office.

7. (他的猫的名字) is Miao.

8. This is (我妹妹的英语书).

9. (王平和王明的父亲) is a hotel manager.

10. Is this (你的好朋友的笔)?

四、用be 动词的适当形式填空。

1. There a desk and three chairs here.

2. Half of the information lost yesterday.

3. He thinks maths very difficult.

4. Look, there so much water here!

5. there any people in the room last night?

6. Tom and Mike’s bedroom very small.

7. All the students know Paris the capital of France.

8. The books of his uncle’s a bit expensive.

9. Tom’s grandparents teachers.

10. The trousers on the chair Mr Brown’s.

11. This pair of glasses too big for me.

12. That beautiful clothes my sister’s.

初中英语语法大全——名词

初中英语语法大全——名词 一、名词概述 1.名词的定义 名词是表示人、事物、地点、现象及其他抽象概念等名称的词。英语中的名词有可数名词和不可数名词之分；有其所有格形式；在句子中通常做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语等。 2.名词的分类 名词分为专有名词和普通名词两类。普通名词又分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。个体名词与集体名词多数是可数名词，而物质名词与抽象名词多数是不可数名词。

二、名词的数 名词按照其可数性可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是指可以直接计算数目的名词。个体名词和集体名词多数是可数名词；不可数名词是指无法直接用数目计算的词。物质名词和抽象名词多数是不可数名词。 1.可数名词的数 在英语中，可以直接用数字进行计算的名词是可数名词，不能直接用数字进行计算的名词是不可数名词。通常个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，视为可数名词;物质名词和抽象名词往往指泛指的物质或者抽象的概念，不能用具体的数字来表示，视为不可数名词。专有名词往往只指一个人或物，因此没有必要再用具体的数字来修饰，一般也视为不可数名词。

eg: I was having dinner at a restaurant. eg: The two children are playing table tennis in the school. eg: Mr.Black gave us some advice on how to learn English well. eg: Paris is the capital of France. ①规则复数变化形式 可数名词在表示两个或两个以上的概念时需要用复数形式。可数名词单数形式变成复数形式的一般规则如下表:

初中英语语法专项练习题之名词

学习必备欢迎下载 初中英语语法专项练习题之名词 一. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are ____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used B. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 二. ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C .an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 三 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk D. two glass of milks B. two glass of milk C. two glasses of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought ___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 ( ) 1 -How many ___have you got on your farm? -I've got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken ( ) 2 Some __came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 3 In the picture there are many__and two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps ; foxes B. sheeps ; fox D. sheep; foxs ( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. Japanese D. American 五 ( ) 1 This table is made of___. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass ( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -I'd like____. ! A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken ( )3 Children should make ____for old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 六 ( ) 1 Tables are made of___. A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods ( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films. A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples ( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer. A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 七 ( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___? A. the People's Park B. the Peoples' Park C .the People Park D. People's Park

初中英语语法--名词专题(含练习)

名词（一） 一、名词的概念：在我们身边存在着形形色色的人和事物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词，概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象等的名称的词都叫名词。 二、名词的分类： 1．专有名词：它的第一个字母通常大写。 a. 人名、地名、国名等例如：Lucy, Shanghai, China b.组织、团体、机构等例如: the United Nations c.语言、星期、月份等例如：English, Friday, March (注意介词in/on/at的用法) 注意：国家与人的对应 China----- Chinese America---- American(s) Australia---- Australian(s) Canada---- Canadian(s) Japan---- Japanese Germany---- German(s) France----Frenchman(Frenchmen) GB----Englishman(Englishmen) 2．普通名词： （1）不可数名词：不可以直接以数字计算的名词。例如：snow, air, water, rice, paper, work, news(新闻)，food, rain, weather, juice, milk, meat, money ，English, fruit , information … 不可数名词要表示具体数量，必须借助of短语。如不能说one bread，但是可以说one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。 只能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语： little很少的（表示否定）；a little一些（表示肯定），much（许多），how much （多少），a bit of（一些） 既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：some(一些，用于肯定句), any（一些，用于否定和疑问句）a lot of (许多), lots of(许多) ★不可数名词量的表示方法：计量词+of 例如：a piece of news a cup of tea a piece of bread two pieces of news two cups of tea two pieces of bread 注意：a bag of apples

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