英语四级阅读理解练习题及其解析

英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析

【阅读练习】

What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat,but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the bes t, but we strangely enjoy junkfood. We’re 2 with health an d weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obes ity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情

结) lies in our history. The first Europeans cameto this con tinent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作

物)wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, i ntended to prohibit drinking butactually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.

The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmon y. Do as Romans do meanseating what ―real Americans‖ e at, but our nation’s food has come to be 5 by imports—piz za,say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treas ured cooking comes from people whoarrived here in shack les.

Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’sdefining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit?ins at southern lunch c ounters.It is integral to our concepts of health and even m orality whether one refrains from alcohol forreligious reaso ns or evades meat for political 6

But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americans are a mbivalent about what they putin their mouths. We have b ecome 8 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what theycontain.

The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American conscious ness. It’s no coincidence, then,that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚). It’s whatwe eat—and how we 10 it with friends, famil y, and strangers—that help define America as acommunity today.

A. answer I. creative

B. result J. belief

C. share K. suspicious

D. guilty L. certainty

E. constant M. obsessed

F. defined N. identify

G. vanish O. ideals

H. adapted

【答案及详解】

1. D feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about, 可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. ―对……感到有愧‖。全句的意思为―我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感‖。

2.M be obsessed with 为固定搭配，原意为―被……附上/缠住/迷住心窍‖，放在本句表示―十分重视‖。全句的意思为―我们很关心健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延‖。

3. A 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer.

4. I本句根据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示―旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒‖，可以确定I为正确选项。

5. F 本题较难。根据be 和by 确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示―应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物‖，下文通过 but 转折，表示实际上―美国的食物已经被诸

如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了‖，因此可以确定F为正确选项。

6.B政治结果，可根据宗教原因religious reasons来推断此处填政治结果。

7. L由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring 的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，做bring的宾语。根据下文解释，―美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的‖，可以推出本句意义为―坚定的观点也不是确定不变的‖。因此可以确定L为正确选项。

8. K系动词become后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词of形成短语be/become suspicious of―对……感到怀疑‖。

9. J本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in的搭配，可以推断出正确选项belief，(have)belief in sth.― 相信……‖。

10. C本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with 搭配，确定选项为share, share sth. withsb., ―与某人分享某事‖。

英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(2)

【阅读练习】

Baekeland and Hartmann report that the ―short sleepers‖h

ad been more or less average in their sleep needs until th e men were in their teens. But atabout age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep tim e becauseof pressures from school, work, and other activit ies. These men tended to view their nightlyperiods of unc onsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily ro utines.

In general, these ―short sleeps‖ appeared ambitious, activ e, energetic, cheerful,conformist(不动

摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choi ces. They often heldseveral jobs at once, or workers full-o r part-time while going to school. And many of them hada strong urge to appear ―normal‖ or ―acceptable‖ to their fri ends and associates.

When asked to recall their dreams, the ―short sleepers‖ di d poorly. More than this, theyseemed to prefer not remem bering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing withp sychological problems was to deny that the problem existe d, and then to keep busy in thehope that the trouble woul d go away.

The sleep patterns of the ―short sleepers‖ were similar to, but less extreme than, sleeppatterns shown by many men tal patients categorized as manic(疯人).

The ―long sleepers‖ were quite different indeed. Baekelan d and Hartmann report thatthese young men had been len gthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sl eep,protected it, and were quite concerned when they wer e occasionally deprived of their desired 9hours of nightly b ed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better th an did the ―shortsleepers.‖

Many of the ―long sleepers‖ were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压

抑),passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves ( particularly in social situations). Severalopenly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.

1. According to the report,______.

A) many short sleepers need less sleep by nature

B) many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they arebusy with their work

C) long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the d ay

D) many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit forme d during their childhood

2. Many ―short sleepers‖ are likely to hold the view that __ ___.

A) sleep is a withdrawal from the reality

B) sleep interferes with their sound judgement

C) sleep is the least expensive item on their routine progra m

D) sleep is the best way to deal with psychological trouble s

3. It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers __ ___.

A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of life

B) often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleep

C) do not know how to relax properly

D) are more unlikely to run into mental problems

4. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, th

e long sleepers might ____.

A) appear disturbed

B) become energetic

C) feel dissatisfied

D) be extremely depressed

5. Which of the following is Not included in the passage?

A) If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakened

B) The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the san e as those shown by manymental patients

C) Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleep

D) Short sleepers would be better off with more rest

【答案及详解】

答案：DCBAB

贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，―睡眠少的人‖在未进入少年期之前，其正常睡眠时间大致与所需要的时间差不多。但到了15岁左右，由于学校、工作或其它活动的地压力，他们就故意地减少了夜间睡眠的时间。这些人持有这样的观点：夜间睡眠是一件令人讨厌的事情，打断了日常事务。

总的说来，这些―睡眠少的人‖表现得雄心勃勃、积极活跃、精力充沛、无意识乐观豁达、立场坚定，对自己职业的选择胸有成竹。他们往往同时从事几项工作，或者一边上学读书，一边从事专职或兼职工作。其中许多人有强烈愿望，想在朋友和熟人面前表现得―正常‖或―合群‖。

当让他们回忆梦境时，―睡眠少的人‖回忆不起什么来。更有甚者，他们似乎情愿什么都记不住。类似的情况是他们

通常处理心理问题的方式：不承认问题的存在，希望只要忙忙碌碌，麻烦总会过去的。

―睡眠少的人‖的睡眠模式与被划入疯子之类精神病患者的睡眠模式十分相似，只不过没有那么严重而已。

―睡眠多的人‖情形则大不相同。贝克尔和哈特曼报道说，这些年轻人从小的，有抱负的睡眠就一直很长。他们好像注重睡眠，不让睡眠受打搅。偶尔没有所需的9个小时夜间卧床休息，他们便会十分不安。他们比―睡眠少的人‖要更能回忆得起梦的内容。许多―睡眠多的人‖腼腆、焦躁、内向、压抑、消极和稍微有点儿沮丧，尤其在社交场合缺乏自信。好几个人坦言，睡眠是摆脱每天烦恼的一种方式。

英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(3)

【阅读练习】

Upon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18and 21 years), children are encouraged, but not forced, to ―le ave the nest‖ and begin anindependent life. After children leave home they often find social relationship and financial

support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marria ges for their children, nor do childrenusually ask permissio n of their parents to get married, Romantic love is most of ten the basisfor marriage in the United States; young adul ts meet their future spouses (配

偶) through otherfriends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions, Although children choose theirown s pouses, they still hope their parents will approve of their c hoices.

In many families, parents feel that children should make major life decisions bythemselves. A parent may try to infl uence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career. Sometimes children do p recisely the opposite of what theirparents wish in order to assert their independence. A son may deliberately decide not to gointo his father’s business because of a fear that h e will lose his autonomy in his father’sworkplace. This inde pendence from parents is not an indication that parents a nd children donot love each other. Strong love between p arents and children is universal and this is noexception in t he American family Coexisting with such love in the Ameri

can family are culturalvalues of self – reliance and indepen dence.

1. The writer discusses the marriage of young adults in or der to show which of thefollowing?

A) They enjoy the freedom of choosing their spouses.

B) They want to win the permission of their parents.

C) They have a strong desire to become independent.

D) They want to challenge the authority of their parents.

2. Most young adults in the U.S. get married for the sake of ____.

A) love

B) financial concern

C) their parents

D) family background

3. Based on the passage, it can be assumed that ______.

A) American young adults are likely to follow the suit of th eir parents

B) most American people never make major decisions for t heir children

C) American young adults possess cultural values of indep endence

D) once a young person steps into his twenties, he will lea ve his home permanently

4. A son is unwilling to work in his father’s business mainly because _____.

A) he wishes to make full use of what he has learnt in sch ool

B) he wants to prove his independence

C) he wishes to do the opposite of what his parents appro ve of

D) he wants to show his love for his parents

5. The subject matter of this selection is _____.

A) family values

B) marriage arrangements

C) the pursuit of a career

D) decision making

【答案及详解】

答案：CACBA

子女一旦到适当年龄(通常是18至21岁)，要鼓励而不是强迫他们―离开窝的，财政的巢‖，开始独立生活。小孩离开家后，往往在外能够与人交往，并自谋出路。父母不为子女安排婚姻，子女结婚也通常无需获得父母同意。在美国，浪漫的爱情往往是婚姻的基础，青年人通过朋友在学校、单位、组织以及宗教团体认识自己的，爱情的未来的伴侣。尽管子女自己择偶，他们仍然希望父母能认同他们的选择。

许多家庭的父母认为，应由子女自己来做他们生活中的重大决定。家长可能会设法影响子女去从事某一职业，但子女也有选择其它职业的自由。有时为了证实自己的独立性，子女从事的工作正好与父母希望的相反。儿子可能执意不去父亲的企业工作，因为担心在那里就不能独立自主。这种不依靠父母的独立性并不意味着父母与子女之间缺乏爱心。父母和子女之间普遍都有挚爱，美国家庭也毫不例外。只不过在美国家庭之中，还融合了自主、独立的文化价值观念。

英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(4)

【阅读练习】

Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printedt ext, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movemen t. We recognize words usually whenour eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of wor ds. This isknown as the recognition span or the visual spa n. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop ---the durati on of the fixation ----varies considerably from person to pe rson. It also vaies withinany one person according to his p urpose in reading and his familiarity with the text.Further more, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tir edness.

Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement cou rses have concentrated toomuch on how our eyes move a cross the printed page. As a result of this misleading emp hasison the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous ex

ercises have been devised to train theeyes to see more wo rds at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed onto a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has requiredstudents to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words o n either side. Such wordpatterns are often constructed in t he shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes inm ore and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but it’sone thing to improve a pe rson’s ability to see words and quite another thing to impr ove hisability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires th e ability to understand the relationshipbetween words. Co nsequently, for these reasons, many experts have now be gun to questionthe usefulness of eye training, especially si nce any approach which

trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him inreading a continuous text.

Q:

1. The time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except________ .

A. one’s familiarity with the text

B. one’s purpose in reading

C. the length of a group of words

D. lighting and tiredness

2. The author may believe that reading ______.

A. requires a reader to take in more words at each fixation

B. requires a reader to see words more quickly

C. demands an deeply-participating mind

D. demands more mind than eyes

3 What does the author mean by saying ―but it’s one thing to improve a person’s ability tosee words and quite anoth er thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.‖ in thesecond parapraph?

A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.

B. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve both the ability to see and tocomprehend words.

C. The reading exercises mentioned can’t help to improve an efficient reading.

D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve one’s ability to seewords.

4. Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The visual span is a word or a group of words we see e ach time.

B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye tr aining.

C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading .

D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuou s text.

5. The tune of the author in writing this article is _______ _

A critical

B neutral

C prssimistic

D optimistic

【答案及详解】

答案：CCCDA

解题思路

1 C。事实细节题。第一段提到了影响视幅的因素：不同的人，不同的阅读目的，对材料的熟悉程度，光线，疲劳。C―一组词的长度‖不是能影响视幅的因素，是本题的答案。

2 C。观点态度题。作者在第二段第二句提到，眼睛训练课程只注重了阅读的视觉因素。倒数第二句书哦，阅读要求具备理解单词间关系的能力。因此选项C―阅读需要大脑的深度参与‖正确。作者没有否定阅读的视觉因素的必要性，但是也没有说读者应该练习拓宽视幅，加快阅读速度。所以AB两项都不正确。作者没有对大脑和眼睛在阅读过程中的重要性进行对比，所以不选D

3 C。作者在这句话中先是肯定了那些阅读练习提高看单词的能力，然后提出了有效阅读概念。后面句中还指出，有效阅读需要的是理解单词间的联系的能力。所以作者的

意思应该是那些(训练眼睛的)阅读练习对与有效的阅读无

益。B与文章相反。D句是蕴涵其中一个意思，却不是作者想表达的方向。

4 D。第二段最后一句说，眼睛训练对于帮助读者阅读连贯文章无益，所以D是错的，是本题答案。

5 A。参考前面的结构剖析，作者写本文的主要目的是对那些只关注阅读的视觉因素的阅读能力课程进行批判，所以答案应该是A。

英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(5)

【阅读练习】

As is known to all, the organization and management ofw ages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, th e Accounts Department is __1__for calculations of pay, w hile the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with theemployees about pay.

If a firm wants to __2__ a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firmshould decide on a __3__ of jo

2020年大学英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(5)

2020年大学英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(5) Everyday we go to school and listen to the teacher, and the teacher will ask us some questions. Sometimes, the classmates will ask your opinions of the work of the class. When you are telling others in the class what you have found out about these topics, remember that they must be able to hear what you are saying. You are not taking part in a family conversation or having a chat(闲谈)with friends—you are in a slightly unnatural situation where a large group of people will remain silent, waiting to hear what you have to say. You must speak so that they can hear you—loudly enough and clearly enough but without trying to shout of appearing to force yourself. Remember, too, that it is the same if you are called to an interview whether it is with a professor of your school or a government official who might meet you. The person you are seeing will try to put you at your ease(轻松)but the situation is somewhat(一点儿)different from that of an ordinary conversation. You must take special care that you can be heard. 1.When you speak to the class, you should speak ________. A.as loudly as possible B.in a low voice C.loudly D.forcefully https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b12895328.html,ually, when you speak to the class, the class is __________. A.noisy B.quiet C.having a rest D.serious

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及标准答案.

大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案.

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3 大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（四） 十六 Trees should only be pruned when there is a good and clear reason for doing so and , fortunately,the number of such reasons is small. Pruning involves the cutting away of obergrown and unwanted branches, and the inexperienced gardener can be encouraged by the thought that more damage results from doing it unnecessarily than from leaving the tree to grow in its own way. First, pruning may be done to make sure that trees have a desired shape or size. The object may be to get a tree of the right height, and at the same time to help the growth of small side branches which will thicken its appearance or give it a special shape. Secondly, pruning may be done to make the tree healthier. You may cut diseaed or dead wood, or branches that are rubbing against each other and thus cause wounds. The health of a tree may be encouraged by removing branches that are blocking up the centre and so preventing the free movement of air. One result of pruning is that an open wound is left on the tree and this provides an easy entry for disease, but itis a wound that will heal. Often there is a race between the healing and the desease as to whether the tree will live or die, so that there is a period when the tree is at risk. It should be the aim of every gardener to reduce which has been pruned smooth and clean, for healing will be slowed down by roughness. You should allow the cut surface to dry for a few hurs and then paint it with one of the substances available from garden shops produced especially for this purpose. Pruning is usually without interference from the leaves and also it is very unlikely that the cuts yu make will bleed. If this does happen,it is, of course,impossible to paint them properly. 1.Pruning should be done to ______. a.make the tree grow taller

英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案详解第16期

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