高考英语主谓一致知识点知识点总复习附解析(3)

高考英语主谓一致知识点知识点总复习附解析(3)

一、选择题

1．I was _______ with my son about his carelessness, which _______ the main cause of his failure in math.

A．annoyed; were B．amazed; was C．amazing; were D．annoyed; was 2．At the foot of the hill ________ a big lake surrounded by trees.

A．lays B．is laying C．lies D．is lying

3．Wine is the world's favorite drink enjoyed on almost every occasion where great

times_________ with friends.

A．are being shared B．is shared C．shares D．share

4．In addition to John and Helen, their cousin ______ visit us next month.

A．is coming to

B．are coming to

C．are to

D．is likely

5．On arriving home from the ancient city with a high level of civilization, the archaeologist unpacked his suitcase and was greatly amazed to see the silver-plated cup and saucer _____ still in _____ good shape.

A．was; a B．were; a C．was; /D．were; /

6．Peter rather than I going to go camping this winter vocation.

A．am B．is C．are D．will be

7．We admire Susan for her persistence, the only one of the young girls who __________ in the rock band for 3 years so far.

A．played B．play C．have played D．has played 8．About _______ of the workers in that steel works _______ young people.

A．third-fifths; are B．three-fifths; are C．three-fifths; is D．third-fifths; is 9．One-fifth of the area ________ covered with trees. About seventy percent of the trees

________ been planted recently.

A．is; has B．are; have C．is; have D．are; has

10．We have decided that either you or the headmaster ______ the prize to those gifted students at the meeting tomorrow.

A．is handing out B．are to hand out C．are handing out D．is to hand out 11．Please feel free to tell me if you don’t think two days’ holiday _____ enough.

A．is B．was C．are D．were 12．Linda, together with her brothers, _______spending the holiday in Chile when the strong earthquake broke out.

A．was B．were C．is D．are

13．Along with enthusiasm for composing music ______ his devotion to cultivating young people passionate about music.

A．come B．comes C．coming D．to come

14．Not only the students but also the teacher ______ against the plan in yesterday's meeting.

A．is B．was C．are D．were

15．John as well as the other children who ______ no parents ______ good care of in the centre at present.

A．has; is taken B．have; are taken C．have; is taken D．has; are taken 16．I don't know when he back. Please tell me when he back.

A．comes, comes B．comes, will come C．will come, comes 17．Tom, as well as his friends who________ football, _________very popular among the students.

A．likes; are B．likes; is C．like; is D．like; are 18．—How can I live my dreams in a short time?

—Be practical. Between you and your dreams ________ a lot of hard work.

A．stand B．stands

C．is standing D．are standing

19．Out to the finishing line…! And here !

A．he dashes… comes our champion a nd hero

B．dashes he… our champion and hero come

C．he dashes… come our champion and hero

D．dashes he… comes our champion and hero

20．Every boy and every girl _________ to attend the evening party.

A．wish B．wishes C．hope D．are hoping 21．With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good land ______ each year.

A．is washing away B．are washing away

C．is being washed away D．are being washed away

22．The number of people, who have access to their own cars, ______ sharply in the past decade. A．rose B．is rising C．have risen D．has risen 23．The number of teenagers who commit crimes _________ 20% over the past years. A．have been reduced by B．has been reduced by

C．have been reduced to D．has been reduced to

24．With rural ecosystem improving, the number of tourists to villages ________ year by year. A．have increased B．increases C．is increasing D．are increasing 25．The dictionary as well as the grammar books that ________ bookmarks in them ________ Jane.

A．has; belong to B．have; belongs to

C．have; is belonged to D．has; are belonged to

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除

一、选择题

1．D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查形容词词义辨析和主谓一致。句意：我很生我儿子的气，他的粗心大意是他数学不及格的主要原因。第一空根据后文his failure in math可知应是对考试不及格感到生气恼怒，且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词，故用annoyed，amazing“令人惊异的”；amazed“吃惊的”；第二空为非限定性定语从句修饰先行词carelessness，先行词在从句中做主语，时态为一般过去时，故谓语动词应用单数形式was。故选D。

【点睛】

定语从句中的主谓一致

在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。如：

He is one of my friends who are working hard. 他是我的一个努力工作的朋友。

He is the only one of my friends who is working hard. 他是我唯一一个努力工作的朋友。（先行词前有only修饰，定语从句中的谓语动词用单数）

2．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态和动词词义辨析。句意：在山脚下有一个被树木环绕的大湖。A .lays放，搁置，一般现在时态；B.is laying现在进行时态； C. lies位于，平躺，一般现在时态；D.is lying 现在进行时态。本句是一个倒装句，正常语序为：A big lake surrounded by trees______ at the foot of the hill . 本句中surrounded by trees是过去分词作后置定语，修饰主语a big lake，由此可知，本句缺少谓语，因介绍的是一个事实，所以空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，排除选项B和D，表示位于某地，需用动词lie，主语是单数，谓语动词需用lies。故选C。

3．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和被动语态。句意：葡萄酒是世界上最受欢迎的饮料，几乎在所有与朋友分享美好时光的场合都是如此。所填空在where引导的定语从句部分，从句主语是times，意为“时刻”，视为可数名词，即可数名词复数做主语，谓语动词用复数。此外与所选动词share之间应为被动关系，应用be done结构。故,选A项。

4．A

解析：A

【解析】

考查现在进行时态表示将来和主谓一致。句意：除了约翰和海伦，他们的表弟下个月也要来看我们。根据next month可知，句子用一般将来时态，此处come的进行时态表示将来，且句子主语cousin是单数第三人称，故选A。

5．C

解析：C

【解析】

【详解】

考查冠词和主谓一致。句意：从文明程度很高的古城回到家中，考古学家打开他的手提箱，惊奇地发现镀银的杯碟依然完好无损。分析句子可知，第一个空在宾语从句中的be动词的主语是the silver-plated cup and saucer是指那一套镀金的茶杯及茶托，是一个整体，要用单数，而“in good shape”为固定搭配，意为“事物情况良好”，因此C项为正确。6．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。句意：这个寒假去野营的是彼得而不是我。根据上文rather than可知本句遵循语法一致原则，rather than为插入语，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定。主语为Peter，且为be going to do“将要做某事”结构，故谓语动词应用is。故选B。

【点睛】

语法一致原则中，当主语后接介词短语或其他插入语，如with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等，不影响主语的人称和数，谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定。

7．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们钦佩Susan的坚持不懈，她是到目前为止在摇滚乐队里演奏了3年的年轻女孩中唯一的一个。根据定语从句中的so far可知，句子用现在完成时态，再根据从句的主语是the only one，单数第三人称形式，故选D。

8．B

解析：B

【解析】

【详解】

考查数词和主谓一致。句意：那家钢铁厂大约五分之三的工人是年轻人。根据分数的英文表达，五分之三应为“ three-fifths”，分子用基数词，分母用序数词；同时，主语为“workers”，因此谓语动词应使用复数形式。故选B。

9．C

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。句意：三分之一的地区被绿树覆盖。已经种植了大约百分之七十的树木。当主语被分数或百分数修饰时，谓语和后面的名词一致。故选C。

10．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我们决定了要么是你要么是校长在明天的会议上把奖品送给那些优秀的学生。主句中用了现在完成时，宾语从句的时态要与主句一致，宾语从句可以根据需要使用任何时态，宾语从句中的时间状语为tomorrow，宾语从句要用一般将来时。宾语从句中主语由either...or连接，谓语动词要就近，the headmaster是第三人称单数。故选D。

【点睛】

本题考查了be to do表将来。一般将来时的形式有以下几种表达：

be going to表示计划、打算做某事或者有迹象表明某事要发生。

be to do 表示客观的计划或者安排要做某事，比be going to更强调客观性。

be about to+动词原形，意为马上做某事，不能与tomorrow，next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。

11．A

解析：A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如果你认为两天的假期不够，请随时告诉我。根据句子时态的一致性可知，本句要用一般现在时，不能用一般过去时，故B和D是错误的。分析句子的结构可知，句中的two days’ h oliday是think宾语从句的主语，当主语表示时间时，谓语动词要用单数。故A正确。

12．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和时态。句意：当这个大地震发生时，琳达和她的兄弟们正在智利度假。根据从句的broke out可知事情发生在过去,要用过去时。together with连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致，Linda表达的是单数意义，谓语动词be也要用单数。故选was。

13．B

解析：B

【分析】

【详解】

考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：除了对作曲的热情，他还致力于培养对音乐充满热情的年轻人。along with放在句首作为伴随状语，句子应该全部倒装。故此处come与主语his devotion to cultivating young people passionate about music保持一致，且描述客观事实应用一般现在时，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故选B。

14．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：在昨天的会议上，不仅学生，而且老师都反对这项计划。在由not only…but (also)…连接的并列成分作主语时，其谓语通常要与靠近的主语保持一致，本句中谓语应与the teacher保持一致，用单数，且根据后文in yesterday's meeting可知应用一般过去时was。故选B。

15．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。句意：目前，John和其他没有父母的孩子们在中心里被照顾的很好。分析句子可知，who引导了定语从句，根据句意该从句作children的定语，因此定语从句中的谓语动词应使用复数have。第二个空处应填主句中的谓语动词，应与主语John保持一致，故用单数，且根据句意可知此处要用被动语态。故选C。

【点睛】

在英语中，句子的主语和谓语动词要保持数上的一致关系，叫主谓一致。这种关系通常要遵循下面三条原则：1．语法一致原则。句子的主语是单数形式，谓语动词要用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式2．意义一致原则即谓语动词该用单数还是复数取决于主语所表达的内容在含义是单数意义还是复数意义。3．邻近原则谓语动词该用单数还是复数形式，取决于最邻近它的名词、代词或其它词的数。

16．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：我不知道他将会在什么时候回来。当他回来时，请告诉我。第一个空，结合语境"我不知道他什么时候回来"，是宾语从句，表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，应该用一般将来时态will come．第二个空，结合语境"当他回来时，请告诉我。"，when引导

时间状语从句，用一般现在时态表示将来时，主语是he，谓语用第三人称单数comes。故选C。

17．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。句意：汤姆和他喜欢足球的朋友一样，在学生中很受欢迎。第一空是定语从句，其中his friends是先行词，在定语从句中做主语，其谓语动词要与his friends保持一致，用复数形式；第二空的主语是Jim，要用单数形式，要用is。故C正确。

18．B

解析：B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：—我怎么能在短时间内实现我的梦想？—实际一些。你和你的梦想之间还有大量艰苦工作。Between you and your dreams是介词短语，位于句首，句子用倒装形式，work是不可数名词，用单三形式说明现在的情况，故选B。

考点：考查倒装句的用法。

19．A

解析：A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：他冲到了终点线……！我们的冠军和英雄来了。该题考查完全倒装。当表示地点、方向、方位的单个副词（如away，in，out，off ，here ，there 等。）放在句首时，其后的句子要用完全倒装的语序，即动词在主语之前，但主语是人称代词时不适应该倒装。结合句意可知，此处的champion和hero是同一个人即题中的“he”，因此come在一般现在时态中要使用单数形式。故选A。

【点睛】

该题考查完全倒装。当表示地点、方向、方位的单个副词（如away，in，out，off，here，there 等。）放在句首时，其后的句子要用完全倒装的语序。副词后面的不及物动词往往表示“动态”，而且这个副词与动词的动作有关，表示其地点、方向和方位。人称代词是主语时不适应该倒装并且该倒装一般不用进行时态。即便是进行的动作，我们也要用一般时态表示。它的基本格式：In (Out, Down, Up, Over, Away, Off, Back) + come/go/rush/run/walk 等“动态动词” +主语。例如：The door opened and in came our headmaster. 门开了，我们的校长进来了。Away ran the prisoner. 犯人逃跑了。Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去。结合句意可知，此处的champion和hero是同一个人即题中的“he”，因此come在一般现在时态中要使用单数形式。故选A。

20．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

本题考查主谓一致。解题步骤：当“every +单数名词+and every +单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故应用wishes。句意：每个男孩和每个女孩都想参加晚会。故选B。

21．D

解析：D

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致。句意：随着森林日渐被毁，每年都有大量优质土壤流失。quantities of + n. + 谓语，意为“许多”，其谓语一定用复数形式，a quantity of + n.+ 谓语，意为“许多”，其谓语用单数，排除A、C项；又因为 wash away 和 good earth 是被动关系。故正确答案为D。

【点睛】

英语中有许多词语可用来表示“许多”，根据性质可分为三大类：

1）修饰可数名词复数形式的有 many，a good/great many，quite a few，a large(或

great)/small number of 等，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。另外 many a/an 修饰可数名词，其后接单数可数名词，形式上为单数，其作主语时谓语用单数，意义上为复数，相当于 many + 可数名词复数。

如：A great/good many words and expressions have come into the language from American English. 美国英语中的许多单词和短语进入了这门语言。

Many a student has failed the exam. 许多学生这次考试不及格。

2）修饰不可数名词的有 much，a great deal of，quite a little，an amount of 等。其后的谓语动词用单数形式。

如： He has spent much/quite a little/a great deal of/a large amount of money on his new house. 他在新房子上花费了许多钱。

3）既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词的有 a lot of，lots of，plenty of 等，谓语动词根据主语是可数或不可数决定单复数形式。另外，a quantity of ，quantities of 也是既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词，但其谓语动词要根据 quantity 的单复数而定，即，a quantity of 后谓语用单数，quantities of 后谓语用复数。

如：There are a lot of/lots of people in that room. 那个房间里有许多人。

22．D

解析：D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年里，拥有私家车的人数急剧增加。根据后文in the past decade可知表示过去发生的动作持续到现在应用现在完成时，主语为The

number of people，助动词应用has。故选D。

【点睛】

主谓一致之意义一致。

“a number of+复数名词”与“the number of+复数名词”作状语

a number of表示“很多……”，后跟可数名词的复数形式，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；

the number of表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：

The number of the students in our class is 50. 我们班学生的数量是五十。

A number of workers were fired. 一些工人被解雇了。

23．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查固定短语。句意：过去这些年，青少年犯罪率减少了20%。be reduced to…是指“降低到……（某个位置、具体数目）”，而be reduced by…则是指“降低了……（by后面跟降低的具体幅度，通常为百分比）”。这里20%是指程度，不是具体数值，所以这里用be reduced by。句子主语为the number of sth，动词用第三人称单数形式has been reduced by。故选B项。

【点睛】

24．C

解析：C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：随着乡村生态系统的改善，到乡村旅游的人数正在逐年增加。此处强调动作正在进行，应用现在进行时，且the number of表示“……的数目”，中心词是number，所以是单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。故选C。

25．B

解析：B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致及语态。句意：字典和有书签的语法书是属于Jane的。第一空处是由that引导的定语从句，其先行词为为books，故谓语动词要用复数形式。第二空处应为整个句子的谓语，其单复数形式应与as well as前面的主语保持一致，又因belong to无被动结构，且句子为一般现在时。故选B。

主谓一致知识点总结(word)

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