2021版高考英语大一轮必考知识点复习Book 1 Unit 5

Ⅰ.读句品词——阅读下列句子，写出加黑单词的词性及汉语意思

1．He was sentenced to death because of what he had stolen from the bank.v t.判决；宣判

2．My mum is a volunteer in a hospital.She brings dinner every Sunday to the people attending to their relatives who are in hospital.n.亲戚；亲属

其他意义：adj.相对的3．Don’t worry about the baby not wanting to leave you—it’s a stage they go through.

n.阶段；时期

其他意义：n.舞台4．The next morning，I received a call from the mother，saying that they couldn’t express how much my generous act touched them.adj.慷慨的；大方的

5．The rich boss who is usually mean to his workers is so mean with money.adj.刻薄的；

adj.吝啬的

Ⅱ.语境填词

背一背

1．found v t.建立；建设

2．vote v t.& v i.投票；选举n．投票；选票；表决

3．attack v t.进攻；攻击；抨击

4．willing adj.乐意的；自愿的

5．escape v i.& v t.逃脱；逃走；避开v i.(气体、液体等)泄漏

6．opinion n．意见；看法；主张

练一练[从左栏中选择合适的单词并用其正确形式填空]

1．Tsinghua University，founded in 1911，is one of the best universities in China.

2．We may have different opinions in organizing class activities，so we have to discuss them face to face.

3．The prisoner escaped through a hole in the wall last night，but in vain.

4．We couldn’t decide whether we should buy the house，so we took a vote on it.

5．The judge said that it was not legal to attack other people with violence.

Ⅲ.拓展提升

背一背

1．active adj.积极的；活跃的→activity n．活动

2．self n．自我；自身→selfish adj.自私的→selfless adj.无私的；忘我的→selflessly ad v.无私地；忘我地

3．devote v t.献身；专心于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．关爱；奉献；热心4．peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peace n．和平

5．guidance n．指导；领导→guide v．指导；指示n．导游；指导者

6．legal adj.法律的；依照法律的→illegal adj.非法的

7．violence n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的

8．equal adj.相等的；平等的→equally ad v.平等地；相等地→equality n．同等；平等9．reward n．报酬；奖金v t.酬劳；奖赏→rewarding adj.值得的；有报酬的

练一练[用所给单词的正确形式填空]

1．It is illegal(legal) to sell tobacco to someone under 16 in some countries.

2．When asked for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding(reward)．

3．Without your guidance and encouragement，we couldn’t have made such great progress，so we decide to engage you as our guide.(guide)

4．It does serious harm to children’s character that too much violence(violent) is shown on television.

5．He was equal to the job，but didn’t get equality in wages，which let him down.(equal) 6．As we all know，he’s a generous，devoted(devote)，active，reliable and warm-hearted friend.

Ⅳ.选词填空

背一背

1．out of work失业

2．as a matter of fact/in fact事实上

3．blow up使充气；爆炸

4．in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中

5．turn to求助于；致力于

6．lose heart丧失勇气或信心

7．come to power当权；上台

8．set up设立；建立；搭起

9．be sentenced to被判处……(徒刑)

10．in one’s opinion在某人看来

练一练[从左栏中选择合适的短语并用其正确形式填空]

1．Time is precious for us students，so in my opinion，making a suitable timetable is necessary and important for us to make good use of our time.

2．When the new ruler came to power，he made peace with all his former enemies.

3．It seemed as if nothing had been achieved，but he would never lose heart.

4．I often turn to my teachers for help when I have trouble with my study.

5．Whenever you are in trouble，don’t hesitate to call me and I’ll give you a hand right away. 6．I don’t think it is realistic to turn to him for help.As a matter of fact/In fact，he himself is in need of help.

Ⅴ.仿写运用

背一背

1．He was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969.

1969年7月，他成为第一个登上月球的人。

2．...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.

……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。

3．I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.

第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很糟糕。

练一练[用左栏中的句式结构完成下列句子]

1．他是第一个获得这个奖项的中国公民。(the first...to do)(2018·全国Ⅲ)

He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.

2．只有当你意识到外语的重要性时，你才能学好它们。(“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装) Only when you realize the importance of foreign languages can you learn them well.

3．我第一次去那里时，他们和狗、鸭子和其他动物住在一个小房子里。(the first time)

(2018·全国Ⅰ) The first time I went there，they were living in a small house with dogs，ducks，and other animals.

1．后缀-ance高频名词大集合

(1)guidance n．指导；领导

(2)performance n．表演；履行

(3)appearance n．外表；出现

(4)assistance n．帮助

(5)significance n．重要；重要性

2．“人物性格特点”的反义形容词词对

(1)mean吝啬的→generous 慷慨的

(2)selfish自私的→selfless无私的

(3)inferior自卑的→superior高傲的3．lose短语归纳

(1)lose heart丧失信心

(2)lose face丢脸

(3)lose control失去控制

(4)lose touch失去联系

(5)lose oneself失去自我

4．“out of＋n.”短语小结

(1)out of work失业

(2)out of mind心不在焉

(3)out of sight看不见

(4)out of order有毛病；出故障

(5)out of breath上气不接下气

devote vt.献身；致力于；专心致志于；把……用于

(1)devote...to (doing)把……用在/献给(做)某事上

devote oneself to献身于；致力于

(2)devoted adj.挚爱的；忠实的，忠诚的

be devoted to (doing) sth.献身于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事

(3)devotion n．奉献；关爱；忠诚

单句语法填空

(1)Once married，Jo devoted her whole life to looking after her children and being a full-time homemaker.

(2)Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we be devoted to building(build)

a harmonious society.

(3)Devoted(devote) to teaching the deaf children，the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.

(4)We have learned a great deal from her devotion(devote) to her work and her willingness to help others.

句式升级

(5)He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.

①Devoting himself to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)

②Devoted to community activities，he was praised by the people around.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

The couple’s son，to whom they are so devoted，went abroad last year，leaving them alone in the

small city.这对夫妇深爱的儿子去年去国外了，把他们单独留在了这个小城市。

equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的；能胜任的

n．同等的人；相等物

v．与……相等，等于；比得上

(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/胜任(做)某事

equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth.在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物

without equal＝have no equal无与伦比

(2)equality n．平等；相等

equally ad v.相等地；同等地；公平地；同样地

单句语法填空

(1)Any man will be equal to the task，so long as he is careful.You should give it a try.

(2)I don’t think Jim is equal to transporting(transport) these valuable goods.

(3)Men and women must be treated equally(equal) in education and employment.

完成句子

(4)In fact，when it comes to the art of war，ants have no equal/are without equal.

事实上，当谈到战争的艺术时，蚂蚁是无与伦比的。

(5)I’m not sure whether he is equal to the task，but I still choose to believe him.我不确定他是否能胜任这项任务，但我仍然选择相信他。

联想发散表示“胜任……”的其他短语：

be fit for，be up to，be qualified for，be adequate to

They attach great importance to equality and believe that all work is of equal value.他们崇尚平等

而且认为所有工作都具有同等价值。

escape v．逃脱；逃避；被遗忘；(气体、液体等)泄漏

n．逃脱；逃避；漏出

(1)escape from从……逃脱；逃避……

escape doing/being done逃避(被)做某事

(2)a narrow escape九死一生

单句语法填空

(1)He escaped being killed(kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.

(2)To their relief，their students narrowly escaped from the shaking building.

翻译句子

(3)I’m sorry，but your name escapes me.

对不起我忘记了你的名字。

(4)你很幸运逃脱了惩罚。

①You are lucky enough to escape punishment.

②You are lucky enough to escape being punished.

During the earthquake some miners were trapped in the mine，and they couldn’t escape without rescue.地震时一些矿工被困在矿井中，没有救援他们无法逃脱。

reward v．酬谢；奖励，奖赏

n．奖金；回报；报酬

(1)reward sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事而奖赏/酬谢某人

reward sb.with sth.用某物奖赏/回报某人

(2)in reward for为奖赏……；为报答……

as a reward for作为对……的奖赏/回报

(3)rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有意义的

单句语法填空

(1)If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded(reward) with seven drops of water or juice.(2019·全国Ⅲ)

(2)When asked for his views about his teaching job，Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding(reward)．

单句写作

(3)我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。

I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing in reward for/as a reward for your generous help.

The boss decided to give a reward to him for his positive attitude towards work.

老板因他积极的工作态度决定奖励他。

turn to转向；求助于；致力于；翻到；开始从事；查阅

一词多义——写出下列句子中turn to的汉语意思

(1)At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever I need help.

求助于

(2)It is time he turned his mind to more serious problems.转向

(3)Turn to the next page for more information on this subject.翻到

(4)Don’t always turn to the dictionary when you come across a new word.查阅

turn down调低；拒绝

turn away拒绝……入内；把……打发走

turn up出现；露面；调大

turn out证明是；结果是；生产；赶走

turn over打翻；移交

用turn短语的正确形式填空

(5)Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.

(6)I pictured him as a serious person，but he turned out to be fun.

(7)Don’t worry.I’m sure your missing glasses will turn up sooner or later.

(8)Because the hall was full，many people were turned away.

Being in college is worth it especially when you have someone to turn to and share your experiences and memories with.上大学总是值得的，特别是当你有人可求助和分享你的经历和回忆的时候。

in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中

ask for trouble自找麻烦；自讨苦吃

get into trouble陷入困境；惹麻烦

have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth.在做某事方面有困难/麻烦

take the trouble to do sth.不辞辛劳做某事

单句语法填空

(1)If you are in trouble，Mike is always willing to lend a hand.

(2)Whenever we have trouble with our studies，our teachers always help us patiently.

(3)Thanks for the trouble you have taken to help(help) us.

单句改错

(4)You can’t imagine the trouble I had persuaded

persuading him to change his mind.

As is known to us all，if we are in trouble，it is not our phones but our friends that can really help us out.众所周知，如果我们有困难，是朋友而不是手机可以真正地帮助我们摆脱困境。

“only＋状语”置于句首的倒装

...only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.……只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。

only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。其结构为：only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词be＋主语＋其他。

注意：

(1)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；

(2)only放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。

完成句子

(1)Only then did he know how much damage had been caused.

只有在那时他才知道已经造成了多么大的破坏。

(2)Only by understanding and learning from each other can we spend those days together happily. 只有通过相互理解、彼此学习我们才能一起开心地度过那些日子。

(3)Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.只有我们言行一致，才能对我们希望完成的事情有所影响。

Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.只有那些接受这个现实的人才能过上真正充实的生活。

the first time引导时间状语从句

I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我感觉很糟糕。

完成句子

(1)The first time I interviewed him，he looked a bit nervous.我第一次采访他时，他看上去有点紧张。

(2)I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school.

我记得你上次来我们学校时给我看了一些关于那个主题的照片。

(3)The moment I got home，I found I had left my jacket on the playground.

我一到家，我就发现我把夹克落在操场上了。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．As a matter of fact，though he is mean to his neighbor，he has devoted his money to helping the school library.

2．The Voice of China has set up a stage where some people can realize their dreams. 3．Devoted(devote) to his research，he has no time to spend a weekend with his family.

4．He was crossing the street when a man was driving fast towards him and he narrowly escaped being killed(kill)．

5．The old temple has seen(see) great changes of the village in the past two hundred years. 6．Last weekend，I fixed up a wooden flower shelf for my family when Dad was away on business，which was really a rewarding(reward) experience.

7．Learning to deal with the social world is equally(equal) important.

8．Please don’t hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have trouble with your study. 9．Shocked by the cruelty(cruel)of his words，the lady burst into tears.

10．Though he has met with many difficulties over the past two years，he is still hopeful(hope)．Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)

1．Little joy can equal

it

that of a surprising ending when you read stories.

2．He often lent me a hand when I was in trouble，to

for which I was grateful.

3．Nowadays many school children devote too much time to

play

playing computer games.

4．He called to see me for the first time he came to Nanjing.

5．It was generous for

of you to help me clean the room full of dirt.

6．He was involved in a bank robbery and was sentenced for

to six years in prison.

2020年高考：英语知识点高频必考归纳

2020年高考：英语知识点高频必考归纳 1.able 用法：be able to do Note: 反义词unable表示不能，而disabled表示残疾的。 be able to do可以表示经过艰难困苦才能做到的事。 2.abroad 用法：表示到（在）国外，是一个副词，前面不加介词。 Note: 可以说from abroad, 表示从国外回来。 3.admit 用法：表示承认的时候后面要加上动名词形式。 Note: 表示允许进入的时候与介词to搭配。 4.advise 用法：advise sb. to do; advise doing Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：advise that sb. (should) do的形式。 5.afford 用法：通常与动词不定式搭配使用。 Note: 前面需要有be able to或can等词。 6.after 用法：表示在时间、空间之后；be after表示追寻。 Note: 用在将来时的时候后面接一时间点，而in接一个时间段，如：after 3 o’clock; in 3 days. 7.agree 用法：与介词on, to, with及动词不定式搭配。 Note: agree on表示达成一致；agree to表示批准；agree with表示同意某人说的话。 8.alive 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。 Note: 可以作状语使用，表示活活地，如：bury sb. alive. 9.allow 用法：allow doing; allow sb. to do Note: 可以表示允许进入，如：Please allow me in. 10.among 用法：用在三者或三者以上的群体中。 Note: 还可以表示其中之一，如：He is among the best. 11.and 用法：用于连接两个词、短语、句子或其他相同结构。 Note: 与祈使句搭配时往往可以表示条件。如：Work hard, and you’ll succeed sooner or later. 12.another 用法：表示又一个，泛指，相当于one more的含义。 Note: 不能直接加复数名词，需要与一个数词搭配，如：another 2 weeks. 13.answer 用法：及物动词，但在作名词时要与介词to搭配。 Note: 可以表示接电话、应门等。如：answer the phone/door. 14.anxious 用法：be anxious for/about/to do Note: be anxious about表示担心；be anxious for表示盼望得到。 15.appear 用法：不及物动词，没有宾语，没有被动语态。 Note: 还可以作为系动词，与seem同义，表示看起来……。 16.arrive 用法：arrive at表示到一个小地方；arrive in表示到一个大地方。 Note: 引申含义表示得出，如：arrive at a decision/conclusion. 17.ask 用法：ask to do; ask sb. to do; ask for Note: 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。即：ask that sb. (should) do的形式。 18.asleep 用法：表语性形容词，在句中只能作表语，不能作定语。 Note: 通常与动词be及fall搭配；sound asleep表示熟睡。 19.attend 用法：表示参加，后面经常加上meeting, lecture, conference, class, school, wedding, funeral等词；也可以表示照顾，照料。 Note: attend to可以表示处理、照料等。 20.attention 用法：pay attention to; draw/catch sb’s attention Note: 写通知时的常用语：May I have your attention, please?

2015北京高考英语3050单词-Word版-打印版

2015高考3050单词 A a(an) abandon ability able aboard about above abroad absence absent absolute absorb abstract abuse academic accent accept access accident accommodation accompany account accurate accuse ache achieve achievement acid acknowledge acquire acre across act action active activity actor actress actual AD Ad = advertisement adapt add addition address adequate adjust administration admire admission admit adolescent adopt adore adult advantage adventure advertise advice advise advocate affair affect afford afraid Africa African after afternoon afterward(s) again against age agency agent aggressive ago agree agreement agriculture ahead aid AIDS aim air aircraft airline airmail airplane airport airspace alarm album alcohol alike alive all allergic allow allowance almost alone along alongside aloud alphabet already also alternative although altogether always a.m./am，A.M./AM amateur amaze amazing America ambassador ambassadress ambition ambulance among amount amusement analyse analyze analysis ancestor ancient and angry animal ankle anniversary announce annoy annual another answer ant Antarctic anxiety anxious any anybody anyhow anyone anything anyway anywhere apart apartment apologize apology apparent appeal appear appearance appendix appetite applaud apple application apply appoint appointment appreciate approach appropriate approval approve approximately apron architect architecture Arctic area argue argument arise arose arisen arithmetic arm

高考英语语法知识点总结

专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。

高考英语单词必考知识点总结归纳

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（2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

高考英语常考必考六个语法知识点

高考英语常考必考六个语法知识点 高考英语常考必考六个语法知识点 1. 语态和时态 —do you see those people on the little sandy island? —yes, they _______ handkerchiefs for the last half hour. i wonder why. a. were waving b. waved c. had waved d. have been waving 【正确答案】d 【高考考点】考查动词时态。现在完成进行时：表示一个从过去某一时刻开始的动作，一直延续到说话时还在进行或刚结束，句中常出现用for, since,how long等引导的时间状语。 his telephone has been ringing for a long it hasbeen raining since last sunday. how long have you been wearing glasses? 【题干句意】“你有没有看见那些在小岛上的人?”“是的，我看见了。他们在过去的半小时里一直在挥手帕，我不知道为什么。” 【详细解析】这个挥手帕的动作是在半小时前开始的，然后一直在挥，一直挥到了说话的这个时候，所以我们用的是一个现在完成进行时，强调一个动作的持续。我们再来看

一下其他几个时态： a选项是were waving——过去进行时，它指的是：①过去某一时刻正在进行;②过去某一阶段正在进行;——过去时，过去某时间发生的且已完成的动作，所以我们知道a 和b这两个时态都是和过去有关，而和现在是没有一点关系的，所以a和b这两个答案错了。 c. had waved——过去完成时：过去某一时刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态，那么它所表达的时候是在过去的过去，例如： by theend of last year, we had built 5 newschools.到去年年底为止，我们已经建造了5所学校。首先，过去的时间是去年年底;而句子表达的意思是在去年年底之前，所以我们用过去完成时——hadbuil d.和现在是更加没有联系了，所以这个答案也是不正确的。 题干中的时间状语是“for the last halfhour”，注意这个last不是指“最后的”，而是指“刚才的——在刚才的半个小时里”，那么往往呢句中出现last,或者是last halfhour、recent这种词的话，我们一般都会选择现在完成进行时，因为它指的是“刚才”，那么肯定指“从刚才到现在”。所以本题答案是d. 2. 名词性从句 the information could be helpful to ____will take over the job.