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构词法练习及其答案

高考能力测试构词法W o r d F o r m a t i o n 一．合成 Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。

方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。

(1)合成adj

(2)合成动词

(3)合成n

(4)合成 adv however, maybe, wherever, whenever, forever

(5)合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything, （6）合成介词 inside在……里

date, hand, study,

2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect完美的——使完善

3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front前面——前面的

4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的——首领

训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。检测

构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。如有的

生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。

1.That man was________enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.care B. careful C. careless Dcarelessness

2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his________ is heavier than Mount Tai.

A. die

B. dead

C. died

D. death

3.The child looked_______ at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sadly B. sadness C. sadly D. sad

4.He is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a ________. A. chemistry B. chemical

C. chemis

D. physician

5.The three- ________chair isn’t suitable for a young child.He may fall off. A. legging B .legged C. legs D.leged

6.Stephenson became the________railway engineer in the world. A. lead B. leader

C. leading

D. leadership

7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked_______about at his classmates.

A.proud

B.proudly

C.pride

D. pridely

8.To everyone’s ________, the girl finished the job quite well. A.satisfied

B.satisfactory

C.satisfying

D.satisfaction

9.—What are you doing here? —Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about ________in English.

—You can write______ _passage in English? A.600 words；a 600-words B.600-word；

a 600-words

C.600 words；a 600-word

D.600 words；a 600-words

10.No one should enter the spot without the________of the police. A.permit

B.permission

C.permitting

D.permittence

11You must come with us to the police _______.Our head is waiting for you.A.headquarters B.headline C.headmaster D.headache

12.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it ________.A.intend

B.intention

C.intentionally

D.intentional

13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a________smile. A.practice

B.practise

C.practical

D.practiced

14.The_______ordered him to pay a $100 fine. A.judger B.judgment C.judge

D.judgement

15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the________news about Iraq War?

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16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________. A.longer B.length C.long

D.longing

17.To my ________，I passed the exam easily. A.joy B.joyful C.joyless

D.joyness

18.Canada is mainly an________country. A.English-speaking B.speak-English

C.spoken-English

D.English-spoken

19.How________ he is! He is always acting________.He is really a ________.

A.foolish；foolishly；fool

B.fool；foolish；fool

C.foolish；fool；fool

D.foolishly；foolish；fool

20.The necklace that she lost is very expensive.It’s of great ________.A.valuable

B.value

C.valueless

D.unvaluable

21.There were________fish in the river in South America. A.in danger B.danger

C.dangerous

D.dangerless

22.The letter “b” in the word “doubt” is________. A.sound B.silent

C.silence

D.sounded

23.The child looked at me________. A.stranger B.strangely C.strange

D.strangeless

24.The black people were against slavery and fought for their________bravely.

A.free

B.freely

C.freedom

D.frees

25.What you said sounded________ but in fact it was untrue. A.reasonable

B.reasonful

C.reasonless

D.unreason

26.We have to learn________technology from other countries. A.advance B.advancing

C.advantage

D.advanced

27.The children live in a village ________.They come here almost every day.

A.nearby

B.near

C.nearly

D.near by

28.Mr Black is an ________in the army，not an________in the government.You can not easily find him in his________.

A .official；officer；office B.officer；office；official C.official；official；official D.officer；official；office

29.You’d better give up smoking if you want to keep ________.A.health B.healthy

C.healthily

D.healthier

30.________ speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose. A.Honestly B.Honest C.Honesty

D.Dishonest

31.It sounds like a good plan，but there are some________difficulties in carrying it out.

A.practiced

B.practical

C.practice

D.practicing

32.His father possesses a________factory，which does most of the pollution to this river.

A.paper-make

B.paper-making

C.papers-made

D.paper-made

33.Marx left his homeland for some________reasons. A.politically B.politics

C.political

D.politician

34.It’s________to persuade him to give up smoking.He’s very stubborn.A.possible

B.possibly

C.impossible

D.impossibility

35.Dan caught two________birds in the wood last week and they are still________in the cage.

A.alive；live

B.live；live

C.live；alive

D.alive；alive

36.The doctor said that t he old man’s condition was__and that they had tried their best. A.hope B.hoped C.hopeful D.hopeless

37.Ann felt so________that she could hardly open her eyes. A.sleepy B.asleep

C.sleep

D.sleeping

38.We stood there______at the_____sight.A.frightened；frightful B.frightening frightful C.fright；frightening D.frightful；fright

39.The doctor’s advice________him from drinking and smoking. A.encouraged

B.couraged

C.encouragement

D.discouraged

40I’d like to buy a house,modern,comfortable and above all in a quiet_.A.neighbour B.neighbourhood C.neighbours D neighbour’s

Ⅱ.改错练习(每小题有一个构词法错误，请找出并更正)

1.The Milu deer are living in the wild in a natural park.

2.This blouse is fit

for him at all.It’s too long and the color has run.

3.The possibly that the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.

4.We must strength government of the people，by the people and for the people.

5.The sperm whale can dive to a deep of more than 1000 meters in the sea.

6.He is a very famous actress.He has played many important parts in different films.

7.Personal，I’d rather stay at home watching TV. 8.Because of her ill，she can’t go out for the sight-seeing.

9.Thank you for your describe of the conditions here. 10.It’s really dust in this room.It’s a long time since someone last lived in it.

11.We all don’t know how dark happens. 12.He opened the envelope，folded the letter and began to read it.

13.She offered us lots of value information，which played an important part in catching the thief.

14.We wish you a pleasure journey back home.

15.The captain made an apologize to the passengers for the delay caused by bad weather.

16.I wish that you could interview these journals who come. 17.Coral is not

a plant but a various of animal life.

18.In my opinion，Harry is the most suitful person for the job. 19.The food was good but the serve was poor.

20.This meeting is of great important to all of us. 21.There comes a large collection of soldiers in the distant.

22.When he got to the destination，he was quite out of breathe. 23.Traditionally speaking，Russia is a Europe country.

24.“Actual”means“in fact”，and we can also use“as a matter of fact”.25.It is possible to persuade Adam to give up that decide.

26.The doctor said that the patience was comfortable after the operation.

27.Some people say that this new discover might change the whole society completely.

28.The Chinese government treasure the friendly between the people of two countries

and we are waiting for a peaceful settlement of this matter.

29.She was afraid of high and dared not jump out of the plane.

30.Her mother died of hungry after the flood. 31.I bet you are mistake this time.

32.The man said that he was merely a pass-by and that he didn’t watch the accident.

33.—Do you follow me? —Yes，perfect.

34.Personal possess of guns causes lots of troubles in the USA. 35.The greatest wealthy is being content with a little.

36.I believe our dream that humans will travel to and from the moon will come truth

one day.

37.Fail is the mother of success. 38.Every year millions of visiters come to visit the dams.

39.The Chinese people are building socialist and have achieved great progress.

40.People all went up to offer their congratulate on their winning the key match.

前后缀“冰山一角”练习

一．形容词后缀1-ous结尾advantage________ ambition________ anxiety________ continue________ courage________ danger________ disaster________ fame________ glory________ humor________ mountain________ mystery________ nerve________ number________ poison________ prosper________ religion________ suspicion________ vary________ vigor________

2. 以-al结尾Chemistry________ class________ economy________ editor________ education________ exception________ finance________ function________ logic________ memory________ nation________ origin________ parent________ person________ physics________ politics________ region________ substance________ technique________ technology________

3. 以-able结尾ability________ accept________ access________ adapt________ avail________ avoid________ capability________ change________ comfort_________ compare________convert________desire________ duration________ favor________ flexibility________ honor________ move________ notice________ permit________ reason________ sense________ vision________

4. 以-ful结尾beauty________ care________ cheer________ doubt________ faith________ fruit________ glass________ hand________ harm________ help________ mouth________ peace________ power________ skill________ spoon________ success________ thought________ wonder________

二名词后缀 1. 以-ment结尾achieve________ advance________ advertise________ agree________ disagree________ argue________ assign________ attach________ appoint________ develop________ embarrass________ encourage________ engage________ enjoy________ equip________ establish________ govern________ install________ manage________ move________ pave________ pay________ punish________ ship________ state________

2. 以-al结尾approve________ disapprove________ arrive________ propose________

refuse________ remove________ survive________ try________ withdraw________

3. 以-ance/-ence/-ency/cy结尾abundant________ accurate________ agent________ allow________ apply________ attend________ bankrupt________ competent________ compliant________ confident________ consist________ convenient________ inconvenient________ correspondent________ current________ dependent________ independent________ innocent________diplomat________ distant________ efficient________ elegant________ evident________ exist________ fluent________ frequent________ infer________ infant________ influential________ intelligent________ interfere________ offend________ patient________ perform________ prefer________ refer________ resident________ significant________ silent________ tend________ urgent________ vacant________ violent________

4. 以-ion结尾act________ add________ admit________ attract________ associate________ collect________ combine________ complete________ commit________ communicate________ compose________ conclude________ consider________ consume________ create________ decide________ declare________ define________ describe________ destroy________ determine________ devote________

direct________ distinct________ discuss________ dominate________ educate________ elect________ evolve________ except________ exhaust________ exhibit________ exploit________ found________ identify________ illustrate________ imitate________ impress________ include________ intend________ introduce________ investigate________ invite________ liberate________ locate________ oblige________ occupy________ operate________ organize________ participate________ permit________ predict________ produce________ provide________ pollute________ possess________ recognize________ recommend________ regulate________ relate________ satisfy________ select________ solve________ submit________ suggest________ utilize________ verify________

三动词前后缀、1.以-en开头或结尾large________ able________ courage________ rich________ hard________ weak________ broad________ soft________ moist________ length________ strength________ threat________sharp________ sure________

2. 以-ify结尾magnified________ simple________ pure________ intense________

beauty________ clear________ electrical________ note________ unite________ dignity________

3. 以-ize/ise/yze/yse结尾real________ industrial________ mechanic________ central________ popular________ evaporation________ standard________ neutral________

高考能力测试答案

构词法

Ⅰ.单项填空

1~5 BDACB?????????????????????????????? 6~10 CBDCB

11~15 ACDCB??????????????????????? 16~20 BAAAB

21~25 CBBCA??????????????????????? 26~30 DADBA

31~35 BBCCC??????????????????????? 36~40 DAADB

【解析】

6.leading 主要的，领头的。

9.这类合成词用作前置定语时必须用连字符连接，而且不能有复数。

10.permit的名词是permission。

11.headquarters 总部。

12.intentionally是intend的副词形式，“故意地”。

13.practiced在这里作“熟练的”解。

14.judge在这里作“法官”解。

20.be of great value“很有价值”。

22.silent“不出声的”“沉默的”。

24.freedom“自由”，名词。

30.honestly speaking，“老实说”。

36.hopeless，“没有希望的,绝望的,不可救药”。

38.frightened意为“感到害怕的”，frightful“可怕的”，frightening“令人害怕的”。

40.neighbour表“邻居”，neighbourhood 表“周围环境”。

Ⅱ.改错练习

1.natural→nature

2.fit→unfit

3.possibly→possibility

4.strength→strengthen

5.deep→depth

6.actress→actor?

7.Personal→Personally

8.ill→illness

9.describe→description10.dust→dusty11.dark→darkness12.fold→unfolded? 13.value→valuable14.pleasure→pleasant15.apoligize→apology

16.journals→journalists17.various→variety18.suitful→suitable19.serve→service 20.important→importance21.distant→distance22.breathe→breath

23.Europe→European24.Actual→Actually25.decide→decision

26.patience→patient27.discover→discovery28.friendly→friendship

29.h igh→height30.hungry→hunger31.mistake→mistaken32.pass-by→passer-by 33.perfect→perfectly34.possess→possession35.wealthy→wealth36.truth→true 37.Fail→Failure38.visiters→visitors

39.socialist→socialism40.congratulate→congratulations

构词法专项复习练习答案

构词法专项复习练习答案一、根据要求写单词： 1．写出下列单词的形容词：二、连线成词： un come key wide tri agree side out dis ordinary net board en build news ware extra friendly tax paper sub legal shop work il cycle web site in rich note keeper mis way through road non work hard payer re understand team work over smoker nation book 三、翻译下列句子（用上所提供的词的正确形式）： 1．整个赛季他平均每场比赛得五十多分。（average） He averaged over 50 points a game for an entire season.

2．她通过了驾驶考试并取得了驾驶执照。（permit ） She has passed the driving test and got a driving permit. 3．洪水使成千上万人无家可归。（home ） The flood made thousands of people homeless. 4．这小孩眼巴巴地看着巧克力蛋糕。（eye ） The child was eyeing the chocolate cake. 5．他梦想为NBA 效劳。（dream ） He dreamed of playing for the NBA. It ’s your mouth! When you get down to the interview, try and speak clearly. Don ’t show a bad impression. If the interviewer asks you a difficult question ., ‘Can you use a fax machine ’), give an （., ‘No, I ’m afraid not, but I can soon learn.’）.Besides, your gestures and your body language say a lot. For example, smiling gives a much more positive impression than Remember, most companies are looking who dress well and prefer people who will work well with all their colleagues in the office

构词法-常用英语前缀后缀大全

学点构词法（对扩大词汇量很有帮助喔＾＾加油）一. 常见的前缀 1.表示否定意义的前缀 1)纯否定前缀 a-, an-, asymmetry（不对称）anhydrous（无水的） dis-, dishonest, dislike in-, ig-, il-, im-, ir-, incapable（无能力的、不胜任的）, inability（无能）, ignoble（平民的、卑贱的）, impossible, immoral（不道德的）, illegal（非法的、非法移民）, irregular（不规则的、不合法的） ne-, n-, none, neither, never non-, nonsense neg-, neglect（忽略） un- unable, unemployment（失业） 2)表示错误的意义 male-, mal-, malfunction（故障、发生故障的）, maladjustment(失调) mis-, mistake, mislead（误导） pseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience（伪科学） 3)表示反动作的意思 de-, defend（防护、防守、辩护）, demodulation(解调) dis-, disarm（裁军、解除武装、缓和）, disconnect（使分开，拆开） un-, unload, uncover 4)表示相反，相互对立意思 anti-, ant-, antiknock(防震), antiforeign,(排外的) contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction（矛盾、不一致）, contraflow(逆流) counter-, counterreaction(逆反应), counterbalance（平衡、使抵消） ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy with-, withdraw（撤回、撤退）, withstand（对抗） 2. 表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀 1)a- 表示“在……之上”，“向……” aboard, aside, 2)by- 表示“附近，邻近，边侧” Bypath（侧道）, bypass(弯路) 3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围，环绕，回转” Circumstance（环境）, circuit（巡回、绕路） 4)de-, 表示“在下，向下” Descend（下降、突然拜访）, degrade（降格，使屈辱） 5)en-, 表示“在内，进入” Encage（把……关起来） 6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部，外” Exit（出口、离去）, eclipse（使……黯然失色）, expand（扩张）, export（出口） 7)extra-, 表示“额外”

构词法练习题100道

派生词专项训练100题 1.I wrote him a letter to show my___(appreciate) of his thoughtfulness. 2.The first tomb was built at the___(begin) of the 15th century. 3.Painting is a ___(create) process. 4.For our homework tonight, we have to write a ___(describe) of the street where we live. 5.The ___ (discover) of gold on their land made the people rapidly rich. 6.I’d just like to ___ (emphasis) how important it is for people to learn foreign language. 7.My grandfather is as___(energy) as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing at all. 8.The first lesson was very___(enjoy)---I like it a lot! 9.These discoveries proved the___(exist)of a human species who lived in the area between 700,000 and years ago. 10.A smile is the universal___(face) expression---it is intended to put people at ease. 11.Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being___(fashion). 12.The committee is discussing the problem right now. It will___(hope) have been solved by the end of next week. 13.The accused man proved his___(innocent) of the crime. 14.The government’s new scheme is designed to help the___(job). 15.The days start to___(long) in March. 16.___(Luck), Peter didn’t get the job. 17.The old man had no child so he suffered a lot from___(lonely). 18.Stop you ___(mean) chatter, boys. You are wasting time. 19.How lucky he was! He won the lottery and now he is a ___(million). 20.They had the ___(fortune) to be hit by a violent storm. 21.He lives in a ___(mountain) district, where traffic is extremely inconvenient. 22.I am so full that I couldn’t eat another ___(mouth). 23.We must pay special attention to the___(mystery) stranger. 24.Try to act___(nature), even if you are tense. 25.Public spending___(necessary) affects the economy. 26.After the race, I felt my heart beating___(violence). 27.The baby was sleeping___(peace). 28.He showed us ___(person) around the factory. 29.It gives me great___(pleasure) to welcome our speaker. 30.___(polite) costs nothing and gains everything. 31.The___(popular) of professional sports has been increasing

英语构词法讲解及专项练习

构词法Word Formation 在英语中，词的构成方式主要有三种：合成、转化和派生。一、合成Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。 ; (4)合成副词however, maybe, wherever, whenever, forever (5)合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything, 二、派生Derivation 前缀

注意：-ese, -ian, -ist 既可以构成名词，又可以构成形容词。

；三、转化Conversion: 指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。 1. 名词和动词之间的转化 telephone电话——打电话, mirror镜子——像镜子一样反映, drink喝——饮料, record录音——记录, name, date, hand, study, 2. 形容词转化为动词perfect完美的——使完善 3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front前面——前面的 4.形容词转化为名词chief 主要的——首领语法填空之构词法专项练习 1. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________（die）is heavier than Mount Tai. 2. The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________(long). 3. How________ (fool) he is! black people were against slavery and fought for their ________(free) bravely. 5. What you said sounded________(reason) but in fact it was untrue. thing you should do is to _____(large) your vocabulary. (honest)speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose. 8.Tianjin and Guangzhou were also found to be safe from_____ (legal) drugs. 9. As he tried to read a map, he drove off the road into a river ______ (luck) 10. Thunder and lightning happen ______________ (simultaneous).

构词法练习答案

构词法练习答案：各位，前面的构词法小练1---40题我是前几年自己做的答案找不到了。大家自己做了相互对一下吧。第二部分有答案还有我当时自己对应补充的一些词汇保存下来了。都附在后面你们对应着看吧，也许有个别题中间有删减了对不上的请见谅哦。构词法练习1（易）自查答案： 1. appreciation 2. beginning 3. creative 4. description 5.discovery 6. emphasize 7. energetic 8. enjoyable 9. existence 10. facial 11. fashionable 12. hopefully 13. innocence 14. jobless 15. lengthen 16. unluckily 17. loneliness 18. meaningless 19. millionaire 20. misfortune 21. mountainous 22. mouthful 23. mysterious 24. naturally 25. necessarily 26. violently 27. peacefully 28. personally 29. pleasure 30. Politeness 31. popularity 32. professional 33. qualification 34. quantities 35. racial 36. unreasonable 37. religious38. saying 39. scholarship 40. scientific 41. similarity 42. sleepless 43. speechless 44. starvation 45. strengthen 46. successfully 47. tasteless 48. truly 49. unconscious 50. unbelievable 51. universal 52. variety 53. arrival 54. reliable 55. percentage 56. attractive / happiness 57. applications 58. enables /friendship 59. separation60. security 61. valuable 62.Traditionally / celebrations 63. popularity 64. objection / ability 65. wisdom 66. behaviour 67. convenient 68.closely 69.dislike 70.decisions71.equality72. gently 73. hopeless 构词法易补充词汇： 2.beginner 3.creation; creativity 8.enjoyment 12. hopeless 13.lucky 20.unfortunately 25.necessity 26.personality 27. pleasant 28.impolite 29.professor 30.qualifiable; qualified 35. racialism, racialist 37. religion 42. sleepy; asleep 47. tasty 50. unbelievable, belief 52. various 56. attraction 57. applicant; applicative, appliance 58.friendly, friendliness, friendless 61. invaluable, priceless, valueless, worthless 65. wiser 67. inconvenient 68. closed 69. unlike 71. equalize, equalization 72. gentleness https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b9412884.html,rmed 76. imaginative

英汉构词法对比

英汉构词法对比摘要：记忆大量的英文词汇对于英语学习者来说是一个巨大的绊脚石，但是从对比语言学的研究角度，比较英汉两种语言在构词法方面的异同，从最小的有意义的语言单位——语素的构成来分析词汇的构成，对于认识语言的内部结构特点、第二语言习得以及跨文化交际都起到举足轻重的作用。关键词：构词法复合法拼缀法转化法对比语言学二语习得 1引言对于很多英语学习者来说，其中的一大难题莫过于掌握丰富的英语词汇。掌握英语的构词规律，对于学习者来说具有十分重要的指导作用。如果再将英语的构词法和汉语的构词法进行比较，可以加深对两种语言本质及其异同的理解，从而更好地去掌握这两种语言。词汇是语言重要的物质基础，汉语的词汇较之于英语的词汇要更少，原因是英语的构词方法多样，致使词汇构成较灵活，因此，掌握英语的构词法对英语词汇的掌握及英语的学习都有重要的作用。下面笔者从几方面探讨英汉构词法的异同。 2对比语言学对英语学习的重要性对比语言学是一门较年轻的语言学学科，其研究成果对第二语言习得、翻译、对外汉语教学、双语词典编纂等方面均起到重要的指导作用。著名语言学家吕淑湘先生在其《中国人学英语》与书中曾写道：“我相信，对于中国学生最有用的帮助是让他们认识英语和汉语的差别，在每一个具体问题——词性、词义、词语范畴、句子结构上，都尽可能用汉语的情况来跟英语作比较，让他们通过这种比较得到更深刻的领会。”英语作为一门外语，要想学好并正确的运用英语，应该从横向了解英语的语言结构，语言环境等。在讲授英语的过程中，适当的对比英语与汉语在基本知识方面的异同，例如语音，词语构成，句子结构，语篇分析，修辞，文化等，有利于学生更深刻的理解英语，以至于更好的掌握和使用。 3英汉构词法对比

构词法知识讲解

构词法编稿：张桂琴审稿：梁晓概念引入： Let's go out for a walk .我们到外面去散散步吧。 Did you book a seat on the plane? 你订好飞机座位了吗? We will try our best to better our living conditions. 我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。The old in our village are living a happy life. 我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。语法讲解：英语构词法种类英语构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。定义与精讲１. 合成: 有两个或更多的词合成一个词。复合名词 class + room = classroom (名词+名词) black+ board= blackboard (形容词+名词) 复合形容词 warm + heart + ed = warmhearted 热心肠的 good + looking = good-looking 相貌好看的 world +wide= worldwide世界性的 hard+ working=hard-working 努力工作的复合动词 over + come = overcome克服(副词+动词) 复合数词 fifty+ four= fifty-four 复合代词 everyone,somebody, anything, nobody ( 不定代词+名词) 复合副词 down+ stairs = downstairs在楼下( 形容词+名词) whole+ heartedly =wholeheartedly 全神贯注地(副词+副词) 2. 派生: 是通过在词根上加前缀或者后缀构成一个新词。 happy --- unhappy develop --- development 前缀: 一般只引起意思上的变化而不造成词类的变化，只有少数能引起词类的变化。 mis- 错误的+ understand v. 理解 --- misunderstand v. 误解 en + large adj. 大的--- enlarge v. 扩大后缀: 一般只引起词性上的变化而不造成意思的变化。 care v. 照料 --- careful adj. 细心的 work v. 工作

构词法练习及其答案(可编辑修改word版)

高考能力测试构词法 Word Formation 一．合成 Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。合成动词二、派生 Derivation (5)合成代词 whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything, （ 6）合成介词 inside

三、转化Conversion: 指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。 1.名词和动词之间的转化telephone电话—打电话, mirror 镜子—像镜子一样反映, drink 喝—饮料, record 录音—记录, name, date, hand, study, 2.形容词转化为动词perfect 完美的——使完善 3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front 前面——前面的 4.形容词转化为名词chief 主要的——首领训练要旨：构词法是英语学习的一个重点，也是近年来常考的项目。特别是在词语辨析的综合运用中，对词汇掌握的要求越来越高。检测构词法，在阅读理解中，已不把这种词汇看作生词，而是把这类词的理解看作学生通过对构词法知识的学习，应该具备的一种能力。如有的生词，只要其词根是学生们该掌握的或熟悉的,只是加上了前缀或后缀，再者或是合成词等，命题人就认为不必再注出汉语注释。 1.That man was enough not to tell the manager that he would not do the job.A.care B. careful C. careless Dcarelessness 2.The soldier died for saving the child，so his is heavier than Mount Tai. A. die B. dead C. died D. death 3.The child looked at his brother who was badly wounded. A. sadly B. sadness C. sadly D. sad 4.H e is an expert at chemistry. We all call him a . A. chemistry B. chemical C. chemis D. physician 5.T he three- chair isn’t suitable for a young child. He may fall off. A. legging B .legged C. legs D.leged 6.Stephenson became the railway engineer in the world. A. lead B. leader C. leading D. leadership 7.When the teacher praised him for working out the maths problem，Jack looked about at his classmates. A.proud B.proudly C.pride D. pridely 8.To everyone’s , the girl finished the job quite well. A.satisfied B.satisfactory C.satisfying D.satisfaction 9.—What are you doing here? —Oh，my teacher asked me to write a passage about in English. —You can write _passage in English? A.600 words；a 600-words B.600-word；a 600-words C.600 words；a 600-word D.600 words；a 600-words 10.No one should enter the spot without the of the police. A.permit B.permission C.permitting D.permittence 11You must come with us to the police .Our head is waiting for you.A.headquarters B.headline C.headmaster D.headache 12.Letting that animal escape was no accident；you did it .A.intend B.intention C.intentionally D.intentional 13.The shop owner welcomed all the guests with a smile. A.practice B.practise C.practical D.practiced 14.The ordered him to pay a $100 fine. A.judger B.judgment C.judge D.judgement 15.My TV is out of order.Can you tell me what is the news about Iraq War? https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b9412884.html,tely https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b9412884.html,test https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b9412884.html,ter https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b9412884.html,tter 16.The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in . A.longer B.length C.long D.longing 17.To my ，I passed the exam easily. A.joy B.joyful C.joyless D.joyness 18.Canada is mainly an country. A.English-speaking B.speak-English C.spoken-English D.English-spoken 19.How he is! He is always acting .He is really a . A.foolish；foolishly；fool B.fool；foolish；fool C.foolish；fool；fool D.foolishly；foolish；fool

英汉构词法对比研究_百度文库.

学号：127142008112101021 成绩：西安翻译学院高职高专毕业论文题目：英汉构词法对比研究作者：曹树军指导教师杨艳敏专业班级 08级英语教育1班院系外国语学院完成日期 2011年3月英汉构词法对比研究曹树军外国语学院08级英语教育1班（西安翻译学院，陕西西安 710105） A Comparative and Contrastive Study of English and Chinese Word- formation Cao Shu-jun

English Education Class 1,Grade2008,Foreign Language School （Xi’an Fanyi University，Xi’an 710105,China）摘要: 英语和汉语作为两种高度发达的自然语言，都拥有极其丰富的词汇。尤其是英语现已发展为一种国际性现代语言，多年来既不断地从其他许多语言中吸收了大量的词汇，同时又通过灵活多样的构词方法构造了无数的新词。作为两种完全不同的语言，英语和汉语在构词法方面存在着许多不同，本文从以下四个方面对英汉构词法进行对比：派生构词法、重叠构词法、复合构词法以及缩略构词法。通过这几个方面的对比，使人们对英汉构词法的异同有一个充分的了解，从而在翻译或教学中做到有的放矢，达到事半功倍的效果。关键词:英语；汉语；构词法；对比 Abstract:As two high-developed languages, both English and Chinese are quite abundant in vocabularies. For English, it has developed into an international one. For ages, English has absorbed many vocabularies from other languages, meanwhile it has also built many new words.As two completely different languages, there are many differences between English and Chinese in word formation. This paper makes a contrast about word formation from the following aspects: the derived word formation, the overlapping word formation, the compound word formation and the abbreviated word formation. By comparing these areas, people can have a full understanding of the similarities and differences between English and Chinese word formation. Thus, people will have a definite purpose to achieve a multiplier effect in translation or teaching. Key Words: English; Chinese; Word-formation; Contrast

英语单词构词法_和常见词根总结

英语单词构词法(1)前缀 1.表示否定意义的前缀 1)纯否定前缀 a-, an-, asymmetry（不对称）anhydrous（无水的） dis- dishonest, dislike in-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregular ne-, n-, none, neither, never non-, nonsense neg-, neglect un- unable, unemployment 2)表示错误的意义 male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment(失调) mis-, mistake, mislead pseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience 3)表示反动作的意思 de-, defend, demodulation(解调) dis-, disarm, disconnect un-, unload, uncover 4)表示相反，相互对立意思 anti-, ant- antiknock( 防震), antiforeign,(排外的) contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, controflow(逆流) counter-, counterreaction, counterbalance ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy with-, withdraw, withstand 2. 表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀 1)a- 表示“在……之上”，“向……”aboard, aside, 2)by- 表示“附近，邻近，边侧”bypath, bypass(弯路) 3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围，环绕，回转”circumstance, circuit 4)de-, 表示“在下，向下”descend, degrade 5)en-, 表示“在内，进入”encage, enbed(上床) 6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部，外”exit, eclipse, expand, export 7)extra-, 表示“额外”extraction （提取） 8)fore- 表示“在前面”forehead, foreground 9)in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示“向内，在内，背于”inland, invade, inside, import 10)inter-, intel-, 表示“在……间，相互”international, interaction, internet 11)intro-, 表示“向内，在内，内侧”introduce, introduce 12)medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中，中间”Mediterranean, midposition 13)out-, 表示“在上面，在外部，在外” outline, outside, outward 14)over-, 表示“在上面，在外部，向上” overlook, overhead, overboard 15)post-, 表示"向后，在后边，次” postscript(附言)， 16)pre-, 表示"在前”在前面” prefix, preface, preposition 17)pro-, 表示“在前，向前” progress, proceed,

大英语构词法详细讲解

英语构词通常包括六种方法：转化法、派生法、合成法、混合法、截短法和首尾字母结合法。一、【派生法】英语构词法中在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀，从而构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词的方法叫作派生法。 1.前缀除少数英语前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；英语后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。 (1)表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。例如： agree同意→disagree不同意 fair公平的→unfair不公平的 possible可能的→impossible不可能的 understand理解→misunderstand误解 (2)表示其他意义的前缀常用的有a-(多构成表语形容词), anti- (反对；抵抗), auto- (自动), co- (共同), en- (使), inter- (互相), re- (再；又), sub- (下面的；次；小), tele- (强调距离)等。例如： co-worker 同事，帮手 enlarge 使变大 cooperate 合作 rewrite 重写 subway 地铁 2.后缀给单词加后缀也是英语构词的一种重要方法。后缀通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。下面仅作简单介绍。

(1)构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence，-(e)r/ -or (从事某事的人),-ese (某地人)，-ess (雌性)，-ian (精通……的人)，-ist (专业人员)，-ment (性质；状态)，-ness (性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等。例如： differ不同于→difference区别 write写→writer作家 China中国→Chinese中国人 act表演→actress女演员 music音乐→musician音乐家 (2)构成动词的后缀常用的有-(e)n (多用于形容词之后)，-fy (使……化)，-ize (使……成为)。例如： wide→widen加宽 beauty→beautify美化 pure→purify提纯 real→realize意识到 organ→organize组织 sharp→sharpen使变锋利 (3)构成形容词的后缀常用的有-al，-able (有能力的)，-(a)n(某国人的)，-en (多用于表示材料的名词后)，-ern (方向的)，-ese(某国人的)，-ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less (表示否定)，-like (像……的)，-ly，-ous，-some，-y (表示天气)等。例如： nature自然→natural自然的 reason道理→reasonable有道理的 America美国→American美国的 China中国→Chinese中国人的 gold金子→golden金的 east东→eastern东方的 child孩子→childish孩子气的 snow雪→snowy雪的

一轮复习高中英语基本构词法及练习题

英语构词法中的派生法派生法：在词根加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。一、前缀前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性（除少数前缀外）；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。 (1) 表示否定意义的前缀常用的有： dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un- 。 disable disadvantage disagree disappear disapprove disclose discolour disconnect discontinuous discontinue discount discourage disorder illegal impossible inaccurate inactive inadaptable inapplicable inconstant inconvenient incredible incurable independent ineffective informal invisible irregular irremovable irrespective irresponsible misfortune misguide midinterpret mislead misread mistrust misunderstand misuse nonmetal noncooperation noninvolvement unable unacceptable unaware unbalance unbreakable uncertain unchangeable uncomfortable undecided unemployed undetermined undeveloped unearth uneconomical unfold unpack untie (2) 表示其他意义的前缀常用的有： a.前缀anti anti-fascist anti-gas anti-imperialist anti-Japanese War b.前缀auto autobiography autography c.前缀bi- bicentury bilingual