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雅思小作文地图题及词汇讲解

雅思小作文地图题及词汇讲解
雅思小作文地图题及词汇讲解

一个地图题的开头:

The map about the development of the village sufficiently illustrates the way of progress of this area. In this map, we can find four main sectors and two main roads intersected with one railway and one motor way. It seems the overall development of this village has strong connection with the construction of roads.

雅思小作文地图题词汇

Part 1:表时间

流程图和地图题中都可能涉及时间表达。流程题中,使用较多的是过程时长的表述,而地图题的时间使用则体现为地理变迁的时间变化。一般在方位选址图题中较少出现。确切的时间指引,既增加文章的自然和连贯度,也能体现行文的精确性。

常见表示时间的词:

in few hours几小时

during the period of …在…期间after 10 days 10天后

from…to 从…到…

between …and 在…之间

over the…year period在一个…年期间5 years before 5年前a decade earlier几十年前from that moment on从那时起after a while一会

since自从

since then自从

finally最后

over the subsequent …years近连续几年

例句:The process lasts for up to 7 day s and the products are finally distributed to customers.

Part 2:表空间

空间表达地图题出现概率较高,但流程图也偶尔出现。空间应该是地图题解题关键和主要特点。许多考生容易误把地图题的空间位置写成上下左右位置,这是失分点非常大的地方。朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家们提示烤鸭,空间表达时需要注意区分:在空间状语里,in表内部,on表接壤,to表分开。

常用的空间词:

lies 靠近

is located 坐落

is situated in 位于

across 交叉

parallel 平行

intersect 交点

on the …side of the …面

on both sides of 两边

just off …靠近

on the opposite side 在另一边

on the border 在边缘上

center/middle/central area 中间

near/next to/close to/adjacent to 靠近

例句:It lies 450 kilometers from the nearest city, which is on the north side of the KK mountain.

Part 3:表顺序

表顺序的使用在流程图中是典型,表顺序的关联词能够使描述的流程更加清晰,结构条理明显。就如我们常用的产品安装说明一样,标明了1、2、3、4步,简洁明了。常见的表顺序的连词如下:

开始:first of all, initially, to begin with, in the first place, first, the first stage involves …, during, in the first place, Firstly

其次:second, then, next, also, in the second stage, following this/that, afterwards the first (reason) is, Secondly

然后:after that, at the same time, in the meantime, meanwhile, prior to, until, in the third stage, in addition, at the same time, from that moment on, once when

最终:finally, lastly, in the final stage, in the end, Thirdly

例句:First the fruit is picked from trees by hand. It is then transported to the cannery by large trucks.

A.地图变化词

变大:

enlarged extended increased

soar

by half

risen

doubled, tripled 变小:

dropped reduced decreased

grown

fallen

halved

消失:

disappeared removed no more here 建成:

Becomes

transformed

reconstructed

redeveloped

completed and opened

added to the library

converted into

changed into

turned over to

replaced /substituted

gives way to

newly-built

built

establish

set up

constructed

The following diagraph shows the structure of……

The picture illustrates……

It mainly consists of…….

It works as follows……

It always involves following steps…….

The whole procedure can be divided in……….stages.

地图题第一段句型

This report compares how _______ developed and changed since ________/ between ____ and ____.

The two maps illustrate the difference of _______ between ____ and _____.

表示A位于……

A is located …

A is situated …

A is just off the road to … A在通向某地的路边上

A is right at the center of … A在……的正中央

表示A靠近或紧挨着B

A is next to B

A is close to B

A is adjacent to B

表示A位于B的某一面……公里处

A is located/situated … kilometers to the east/west/south/north of B.

表示A在B的某个角上

A is located on the east/west/north/south corner of B

表示道路/河流通向某处

The road runs from … to …

The river flows from … to …

表示A与B一路之隔

A is right across from B

表示A在B的对面

A is opposite B

表示建筑物的布局: layout

表示建筑物周边的环境:the surroundings 表示A占据了某个空间: A occupies…

表示在某处新建造了A

A is newly built in

A is newly constructed in

A is newly established in

表示A被改造成了B

A is turned into B

A is transformed into B

A is replaced by B

表示A被移除

A is removed

A has gone

A is taken down from …

表示A的面积缩小/扩大了

The size of A is reduced/expanded.

A was expanded to twice its size.

The size of A almost doubled.

A经历了(某种变化): A experienced/witnessed/saw…

起初:At first/Initially/In the beginning/Originally,

接下来:Then/Next/After that/In the following stage/In the next period/In the subsequent period/Afterwards,

在这个阶段:At this point/In this phase/In this stage,

最终:Finally/Eventually/In the end,

地图题的5个常用句式(前三个句子为主,后面的句子为连接和点缀)

句式1:located/situated/sited/built/constructed+地点

1. ,一块湿地(wetland)在湖的西南面。

A wetland is located to the southeast of the lack.

句式2:地点+with+地点+方位

2. 这个地区有一个很大的树林,在南面有一个农场。

This region has large woodland with a farm to the south.

句式3:there be 句型

3. 东南角有两个学校。

There are two schools on the south-eastern corner of the area.

句式4:使用while, but 和and连接的句子

4. 城市的北面有一个山,而南面有一个湖

A mountain is located to the north of the city, while there is a river to the south.

句式5:倒装句

5. 河的南面有个博物馆。

To the south of the river was a library.

句式6:使用名词性从句(譬如说it should be noted that, it is worth noting that, it is noticeable that, we can see that, it is clear that, one significant change is that)

6. 值得注意的是这个图书馆在东侧有一长列的会议室。

It is noticeable that the library has a row of meeting rooms on the eastern side.

分析近几年IELTS Writing出现过的地图题,我们可以把地图题分为两大类:一类,静态选址题;一类,动态变迁题。

静态选址题,这种题型要求考生对建筑物不同地址的利弊进行比较,多数静态选址题是在两个地址之间的比较,多于两个地址之间的比较会出现的较少。

例2:

二。静态选址题的解题技巧

1.时态

解决小作文,我们首要的一个步骤就是明确全文要用

的时态。一般而言,静态选址类的题目当中如果没有明确表示过去时间点的标识词,使用一般现在时或是用would/could/might等表示假设的虚拟语气形式。

2.主体段

建议各位考生按照不同的地址来划分主体段,需要比较几处地址就分成几个主体段,然后具体去写每个地址的利与弊。

3.开头和结尾

静态选址的开头和数据类图型一样改写题目就可以,结尾只需要说明不同地址各自都有优缺点,可以不去选择一个较好的地址。

4.重点词汇和句型

在地图题当中,考生必须熟练掌握词汇和句型:

(1)方位词

东east 东北north-east

西west 东南south-east

北north 西北north-west

南south 西南north-west

(2)坐落/位于

A is located…

A is situated…

A lies …

(3)介词的使用

A在B内的东部

A is located in the east side of B

(4)A在距离B东部.。。的公里

A is located … kilometers to the east of B

(5)A在B的东部角落

A is located at the east corner of B

(6)A在B的东部边缘

A is located on the east edge of B

(7)紧邻/对面/朝向

A is next to/is close to/is adjacent to/A is in the proximity to B

A is opposite B

A faces east/A faces towards the east

(8)沿着河流/道路

along with river/road

alongside the river/road

(9)道路通向/河流流向

The road/river runs from…to…

5.例文讲解(例1,C5-3)

通过基础词汇和句型的讲解,我们以地址s1为例,描述出s1的准确位置,同时客观分析s1作为建立超市地址的优缺点。

The first potential[1] location (S1)is outside the town itself and is sited just off[2] the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west.[3] This site is in the countryside and so would be able to [4] accommodate a lot of car parking. This would make it accessible to[5] shoppers from both Hindon and Garlson who could travel by car. As it is also close to[6] the railway line linking the two towns to Cransdon(25 km to the south-east),a potentially large number of shoppers would also be able to[7] travel by train。

三. 动态变迁题的解题技巧

1.时态

动态变迁题的开头段改写原题用一般现在时,主体段根据图形来决定。如果题目当中有明确表示过去和现在时间标志的词,我们按照图形使用不同的时态。如图所示,例3: The maps show the changes of a small village from 1995 to present。

很显然,在描述第一幅图,有明确的过去时标识词,1995,我们使用一般过去时;在描述第二幅图,存在明确的现在时标识词,present,使用一般现在时。

2.主体段落

开头段即改写原题,结尾段概括某个地理区域是如何发展变化的。

动态选址题通常按照时间顺序划分主体段。题目出现几个年代就分成几个主体段来写,每段写其中一个历史阶段,具体描述两个年代的变化和不同之处。如果有多个年代变化阶段,可以考虑把合并变化阶段来写主体段。

3.重点词汇和句型

动态变迁题,除了需要掌握上述静态选址题当中表述方位,位置,朝向等重点词汇之外,还需要掌握以下词汇,

(1)某处兴建了A

A is built in

A is contracted in

A is established in

(2)某处增建了A

A is added to…

An addition is made to …, which is A

(3)A被B替代/A改造成B

A is turned into/is transformed into B

A is converted into B

(4)A被搬走

A is removed/demolished from…

(5)A的面积缩小了/A的面积扩大了

The size of A is reduced to (only half of/one third of the original size)

A is expanded (to twice its size)=The size of A almost doubled。

(6)A向…方向延长

A extends (eastward/westward/southward…)

4.例文讲解(例3)

开头同数据型图标文章一样,对题目做简单的改写:The maps reveal the alterations of the village of Soton over the period from 1995 to present。

主体段

首先,我们需要对第一幅图片进行细节的描述。从总体上说,村庄被分成了两部分。按照从南到北的角度,去描述村庄里面具体存在的建筑物。

In the first picture[8] , the village was divided into[9] three parts by two major roads. In the southern part, there was[10] a fishing port on the sea, and a fish market, which was near the port, was just located at the south side [11] of the major road. Opposite to[12] the market, there was a block of shops sitting on the other side of the road. East of the shops, a hotel and a cafe were built at the joint [13] of the two major roads. The northwest part[14] was basically a residential area, and some of the houses were surrounded by[15] a rectangular road. In addition, a farmland of great acreage occupied the northeast corner[16] , while a forest park of similar size was established[17] on the south of the farmland。

第三段,我们要做的是把“对比”做到极致:两幅图的不同,村庄所发生的变化。每句话做到言之有物,言之有理。考生需要清晰的有条理的指出:消失的建筑物,被替代的建筑物,新建的建筑物等。

In the second picture, the village has changed a lot.[18]The fishing port has gone and the fish market is replaced by[19] a block of apartments. Several restaurants also take up the place of [20] the shops on the road side. Moreover, a car park is newly built[21] no the east of the hotel. In addition, the housing area becomes larger and a branch road is built from the rectangular road to the west. Finally, a sports field for tennis and golf occupied[22] the place of previous farmland the forest park。

结尾段,考生仅需重申村庄有变化的事实即可。

To conclude, these years have witnessed rapid development in the village of Soton。

最后,总结一下小作文地图题的写作要点。第一,分清地图题的类型,是静态选址题还是动态变迁题;第二,明确文章使用的时态;第三,有条理的组织主体段的内容;最后,掌握题型的重点词汇和句型,有效的把每个方位,每个地址描述清楚。必须强调的是,地图题

的中心思想依然不变,即对比。不论是对比不同的地址优缺点还是对比某地随时间发生的变化。

potential 潜在的,可能的

be sited 位于主干道的旁边

lying 是lie的现在分词形式

would 表可能,能够

同义替换:表可能,能够

靠近,临近

表可能,能够

这段主要阐述第一幅地图带给我们的信息

be divided into 被分成几部分

there be 某处有某物

be located at 位于.。。

opposite to… …。的对面

be built 被建立

at the joint 在交叉口

处于西北地区的是.。。

be surrounded by 被…包围

occupy 占据

occupy the northeast corner 处于东北角

be established 被建立

本段的中心句

be replaced by 被…替代

take up the place of 被…替代

被新建的建筑物

占据(新建的建筑物)

雅思小作文地图题

雅思小作文题型多样,其中就包括地图题,本文将详细讲解雅思小作文地图题写作技巧。评分标准 ?TA – Task Achievement 任务完成情况 ?CC – Coherence and Cohesion 意合与形合 ?LR – Lexical Resource 词汇资源 ?GRA – Grammatical Range and Accuracy 语法广度与精确度 审题 The map below shows the development of the village of Ryemouth between 1995 and present. 文章结构 第一段 交待写作目的 第二段 描述1995年的地图 第三段

拿现在的地图和95年的做对比 第四段 总结全文 第一段 This report compares how the village of Ryemouth has developed and changed since the year of 1995. 题目:The map below shows the development of the village of Ryemouth between 1995 and present. 第二段 As is clearly described in the first picture, Ryemouth was a coastal city which was divided into three parts by two roads. In the southern part, there was a fishing port on the sea, with a fish market located in the north and a coffee shop in the north-east. A block of shops was situated on the opposite side of the market… 第三段 In the second picture, the village changed a lot. The fishing port has been removed and the fish market is replaced by apartments. Several restaurants also occupy the place of the shops on the roadside. Moreover, a parking lot is newly built on the east of the hotel. In addition, … 第四段 Overall, based on the brief description above, it is clear that the general layout of the village does not change a lot, while some newly-built facilities and housing has ornamented the small village.

雅思小作文线形图句式与词汇

上升:rise, increase, incline, ascend, surge, rocket up, 下降: fall, decrease, decline, descend, fall, plunge 幅度大:significantly, dramatically,considerably,noticably, markedly, greatly, 幅度小:minorly, slightly 慢:slowly, gradually 快:rapidly, sharply, 中等;moderately,modestly 持平:level off, stay constant, stablize 波动:fluctuate flctuation 达到顶点:peak at, reach the peak of , summit/climax, the highest point, hit a record high, 达到低谷: bottom at, reach the bottom of,reach the valley of, lowest point 居高不下:reach a plateau of 句型: 5 v+adv. The rate of crimes increased rapidly from 1990 to 2000. 6.There is a +adj +n There was a rapid increase in the crime rate from 1990 to 2000.

7. …show an upward/ downward trend The crime rate shows an upward trend from 1990 to 2000. 8. 时间见证 The last decade in the 20th centure witnessed the growth in the rate of crime. 加入数据 分词形式 The rate of crimes increased rpidly, inclining/ from 15% in 1990 to 25% in 2000. 副词形式The rate of crimes increased rpidly, up from 15% in 1990 to 25% in 2000. 定语从句The rate of crimes increased rpidly, which inclined from 15% in 1990 to 25% in 2000. …表大概 Approximately, roughly, about, nearly/ less than, more than 表推测 It can be expected/ predicted/speculated that…. It is possible to expect/predict/speculate… 表分别是 Respectively, seperately, each A and B ascended gradually, rising from 2to 5 and 3 to 4 respectively.

雅思小作文地图题讲解

一个地图题的开头: The map about the development of the village sufficiently illustrates the way of progress of this area. In this map, we can find four main sectors and two main roads intersected with one railway and one motor way. It seems the overall development of this village has strong connection with the construction of roads. 雅思小作文地图题词汇 Part 1:表时间 流程图和地图题中都可能涉及时间表达。流程题中,使用较多的是过程时长的表述,而地图题的时间使用则体现为地理变迁的时间变化。一般在方位选址图题中较少出现。确切的时间指引,既增加文章的自然和连贯度,也能体现行文的精确性。 常见表示时间的词: in few hours几小时 during the period of …在…期间after 10 days 10天后 from…to从…到… between …and在…之间 over the…year period在一个…年期间5 years before 5年前a decade earlier几十年前from that moment on从那时起after a while一会 since自从 since then自从 finally最后 over the subsequent …years近连续几年 例句:The process lasts for up to 7 day s and the products are finally distributed to customers. Part 2:表空间 空间表达地图题出现概率较高,但流程图也偶尔出现。空间应该是地图题解题关键和主要特点。许多考生容易误把地图题的空间位置写成上下左右位置,这是失分点非常大的地方。朗阁海外考试研究中心的专家们提示烤鸭,空间表达时需要注意区分:在空间状语里,in表内部,on表接壤,to表分开。 常用的空间词: lies 靠近

雅思图表作文-线图

Dubai Gold Sales The line graph shows estimated sales of gold in Dubai for 12 months in 2002 in millions of dirhams. There were two main seasons for gold sales. The main season for sales is in the December to May period. Sales were consistently above 200 million dirhams per month, rising sharply to a peak of 350 million dirhams in March. However, for the next four months, sales declined steadily,reaching an annual low of 120 million dirhams in July. In August, there was a sudden increase. Sales almost doubled, rising from 120 million dirhams in July to 210 million dirhams in August. This was followed by a drop in September, the July figure. From September to October, sales recovered, from 120 to 180 million. In October and November, sales r emained steady, and there was a small increase in December to 190 million dirhams. In conclusion, the main sales period is in the early part of the year, slumping in the summer, except for a sudden increase in August. Dubai Tourism, 1990-1994 The graph shows the numbers of tourists in hundreds of thousands visiting Dubai between 1990 and 1994. There are several features in the graph. First of all, the total number of tourists increased rapidly between 1990 and 1994. In 1990 there was a total of 450,000 tourists in Dubai. This rose sharply to 625,000 in 1991, an increase of more than 30%, and rose slightly again to just under 700,000 in 1992. In the following two years, the number of visitors started to pick up again and reached 1 million in 1994. This was more thandouble the figure for 1990. The second trend is that there was a huge increase in the number of tourists from Russia. In 1990, Russian tourists comprised only 20,000 or less than 5% of visitors. This number shot up to 50,000 in 1991 and doubled again to more than 100,000 in 1992. Between 1992 and 1994, the number trebled, from 110,000 to 330,000. This meant that Russian tourists made up one-third,or 33%, of Dubai’s 1 million visitors in 1994. In comparison, the number of tourists from other countries increased only slightly, from 550,000 in 1991 to 580,000 in 1994.

雅思写作地图题深度解析(上)

雅思写作地图题深度解析(上) 朗阁海外考试研究中心姜芮 在雅思小作文中,流程图和地图题无疑对于广大考生来说都有不小的威胁,很多考生在遇到此类型的题目时,会变得手足无措,不知道应该从何写起。许多考生抱着侥幸的心里,往往不重视此类小众题目的备考,结果作文分数受到了很大的影响。在本系列文章中,朗阁海外考试研究中心写作组的专家将着重对雅思写作地图题做一个深度解析。 我们用两个经典的地图题真题为例,在近两年出现的数次地图题中,多数都是属于这类“三格地图”。 WRITING TASK 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The diagram below shows the development of the village of Kelsby between 1780 and 2000.

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作文范文之雅思小作文真题

作文范文之雅思小作文真题

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The graph shows the percentage of people aged over 60 in Canada, Finland and Korea between 1950 and 2050. Summarise the information in the charts and make comparisons where appropriate. Answer The graph shows the percentage of people aged 60 and over in Canada, Finland and Korea between 1950 and 2050. The number of people aged above 60 in Canada and Finland follows a remarkably similar trend. In 1950 both countries had 7-9% of their population aged 60 or above and the percentage increased steadily until 2050 when both countries are expected to have around 25% of their population aged 60 or above. In contrast, Korea had only 5% of its population aged 60 or over in 1950. This number dropped slightly in the subsequent years and only recovered to the?original level of 5% in 2000. Between 2000 and 2020 the number of people aged 60 or over in Korea increased more rapidly and is expected to reach 9% in 2020. After 2020 the aged population is expected to increase very rapidly overtaking Canada and Finland in around 2035 and reaching 30% by 2050. The lower initial aged population of Korea can be attributed to the lower development of Korea in the early part of the 20th century, but rapid development and healthy diets in the second half of the 20th century are probably the cause of the increased longevity in Korea.

作文范文之雅思小作文table

作文范文之雅思小作文table

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