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倒装专项训练

I I n n v v e e r r s s i i o o n n

倒装句

在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全

部或一部分却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做倒装。倒装的原因，一是语法结构的需要，

一是为了强调。英语中出现的倒装，主要出现在下面情况中。

1. 在疑问句

Is there anything good on?

Do you see the big gate over there?

2. 在there be 结构中（注意be 还可以换成表存在的动词live, stand, lie, come等）

Then there is nothing to worry about.

There stands a tower in the park.

3. 在以here, there, out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头，谓语动词为be, come, go, run, walk, rush, fall 或者以then, now开头，谓语动词为come, 主语又是名词，主谓要完全倒装。There goes the bell.

Here comes Mr. Brown.

Out ran two little boys.

Away walked the stranger.

Now comes your turn.

Then came a new difficulty.

注意：如果主语是代词，主谓不倒装。

Away he went.

4. 直接引语的一部分或全部放在句首时，有时也用倒装，

“Are you going to catch it yourselves?‖ asked Mr. Cousins.

―She looks quiet enough, doesn’t she?‖ said one of them.

5. only 所修饰的副词，介词短语或状语从句放在句首时，主语用部分倒装的形式。

Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.

Only by working hard did he succeed.

6. 含有否定意义的副词hardly ;never，not , no，not only，little，seldom，scarcely, nowhere, in no way, at no time, in no circumstances (决不) 或是含有否定意义的代词nothing; nobody等

放在句首时用部分倒装的形式.

Never have I seen such beautiful views.

Not a single word did he speak at the meeting.

Not only does he have to type out the answer on a computer, but he also gets the computer to translate it into sounds.

Seldom do I go to the cinema.

No sooner had he got to the laboratory than he set out to do the experiment.

Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quiet, beautiful place.

7. 把副词so 放在句首，表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一人（或物）。其句型是：so + be (have,助动词或情态动词)+主语

I’m a journalist. So is my wife.

I have a brother and so has she.

They love having lots of friends. So do those with disabilities.

You must work hard and so must your brother.

注意：“so +主语+ do”这种结构表示对别人所说的情况加以肯定，它的主语与上文主语相同。so 的意义相当于indeed或certainly, 意为“不错，对了”。例如：

1). ---The students work hard.

--- So they do. (= Certainly they work hard.)

2). ---Your father smoked a lot.

---So he did. (= Indeed he smoked a lot.)

8. 把neither, nor放在句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或物。其句型是：

neither(nor)+be(have, 助动词或情态动词)+主语

I have never heard of such a thing. Neither has she.

She doesn’t agree with you. Nor do I.

I cannot work it out. Neither can he.

9. 在so + adj. (adv.)+that 从句的句子中，如果so +adj. (adv.) 放在句首，主句就要用部分倒

装的形式。例如：

So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.

So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were praised by the boss.

当一个句子没有宾语而主语又比较长，为了保持句子平衡，或为了强调表语或状语，或为了使上下文紧密衔接，可将状语提到句子前头，同时把谓语（通常是表示“存在”的概念的动词）也放到主语的前面。开始这类句子的主要是介词短语，有时也可以是副词短语.

例如：On the wall hangs a large map of China.

East of the town lies a beautiful lake.

They arrived at a house, in front of which sat a small boy.

10. as引导的让步状语从句，将后面的表语或状语前置，此时可用though代替as。

11. 虚拟语气中的倒装：省略if，把had, were, should提前。

即将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类状语有：never, seldom, rarely, little, few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely….when…, no sooner…than…, not only…but also…, not until, nowhere,neither…nor…等。

例1. I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means____ with my progress.

(06年重庆卷)

A. the teacher is not satisfied

B. is the teacher not satisfied

C. the teacher is satisfied

D. is the teacher satisfied

解析：by no means意思是―决不，在任何情况下都不‖，放在句首，句子要用部分倒装。

例2.──Did Linda see the traffic accident?

──No, no sooner____ than it happened. (06年天津卷)

A. had she gone

B. she had gone

C. has she gone

D. she has gone

解析：no sooner……than意为―一……就……‖，no sooner所在的主句常用过去完成时，that 引导的从句用一般过去时，no表示否定意义。

注意：not only…but(also)…连接两个并列分句且包含否定意义的not only放于句首时，not only后的分句要进行部分倒装, but (also)后的分句不倒装。

例3. Not only____ interested in football but ____ beginning to show an interest in it. (02年上海卷)

A. the teacher himself is; all his students are

B. the teacher himself is; are all his students

C. is the teacher himself; are all his students

D. is the teacher himself; all his students are

考点二. Only+状语/状语从句置于句首时,主句要进行部分倒装。

例4. Only then____ how much damage had been caused. (06年陕西卷)

A. she realized

B. she had realized

C. had she realized

D. did she realize

解析：only位于句首修饰状语then，全句要进行部分倒装，由then又知道此时时态应用一般过去时态。

考点三. 作状语的介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装。

有时为了强调将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末；或者当句子中主语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常以作状语的介词短语开头。

例5. At the foot of the mountain____.(06四川卷)

A. a village lie

B. lies a village

C. does a village lie

D.lying a village

解析：介词短语at the foot of the mountain位于句首，句子用全部倒装，其时态应为一般现在时态。

例6. Just in front of our house____ with a history of 1,000 years. (06年上海卷)

A. does a tall tree stand

B. stands a tall tree

C. a tall tree is standing

D. a tall tree stands

解析：介词短语位于句首，句子用全部倒装结构。但当主语为代词时则不用倒装。

考点四. so/such…that…结构中的so, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时, 主句要进行部分倒装。

例7. So difficult____ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (06广东卷)

A. I did find

B. did I find

C. I have found

D. have I found

解析: so位于句首且so修饰difficult, 主句部分进行部分倒装，整句为一般过去时态。

考点五. so／neither／nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时用倒装结构“so／neither／nor ＋助动词／系动词／情态动词＋主语”（so表示肯定意义，neither／nor表示否定意义）的形式。

例8. ──It’s burning hot today, isn’t it?

──Yes. ____ yesterday. (06年福建卷)

A. So was it

B. So it was

C. So it is

D. So is it

解析: so在这里表示昨天的天气情况也跟今天的一样。故正确答案为A。

例9. —I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible.

— ____. (04年全国卷Ⅲ)

A. Nor am I

B. Neither would I

C. Same with me

D. So do I

解析: 前句表示否定, 则后句也应表示否定, 根据上一句的情态动词,第二句中也应该用

情态动词would。故正确答案为B。

但如果so表示强调，即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时，其结构则是―so＋主语＋助动词／系动词／情态动词‖的形式，这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如：

例10. ──Well，I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. (05

年辽宁卷) ──_____.

A. So it is

B. So is it

C. So does it

D. So it does

解析：肯定前一句话中的宾语从句―the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal‖, so引导的句子不进行倒装，而且so引导的句子中谓语动词要与该宾语从句中的谓语动词相一致。故正确答案为A。

考点六. as引导的让步状语从句用倒装结构。

即as引导的让步从句中必须将表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前），

构成―形

容词/副词/名词/动词/分词+as +主语+谓语的其它部分‖的形式，有时用though代替as.

例11. ______, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John. (01年上海卷)

A.As long as I have traveled

B.Now that I have traveled so much

C.Much as I have traveled

D.As I have traveled so much

解析：本题中从句与主句之间存在明显的让步关系，故需要选择由as引导的让步状语

从句，并且要将副词much提前进行倒装。故正确答案为C。

使用as进行倒装时需要注意的是：

①句首有名词时，名词不能带任何冠词。

②句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。如:

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

考点七. 非真实条件句中的倒装。

即在非真实条件句中含有were, had, should等助动词时，可以将if省略，把助动词放在非真实条件句的句首的倒装形式。

例12._______ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.(06年湖北卷)

A. Would you be

B. Should you be

C. Could you be

D. Might you be

解析：该句中条件句为非真实条件句，省略if且表示与将来事实相反。故正确答案为B。

1. There is standing a high building at the corner.

2. Here comes he.

3. There stand an officer and some soldiers in front of the house.

4. On the wall hangs two maps.

5. Not only they broadcast the news immediately but also they were greatly excited.

6. Such is our books.

7. I became a university student last year and so was my sister.

8. I know little English. So does he.

9. Mary dislikes Tom. Nor does Jack.

10. Only in this way you can learn English well.

11. Only do my parents really understand me in the world.

12. The doctor talked about his research for an hour, but not a word John understood.

13. It was not until did his father come in that the boy began to prepare his lessons.

14. Neither has he called on her, nor will he do so.

15. No sooner did we got home than it began to snow.

16. Were I you, I would go with him.

17. Did I heard the news, I would have phoned you.

18. A child as he is, he knows a lot.

19. Strongly as he looks, he can’t carry the box.

20. So quickly the news spread that everybody in our school knew it.

口诀学语法—倒装口诀

1) 副词开头要倒装，人称代词则如常。

only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装。

否定意义副连词，―既不…也不‖须倒装。

表语前置主语长，衔接自然常倒装。

such代词做表语，引起主谓要倒装。

Not only开头句，前一分句须倒装。

had，were，should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。

2) 疑问句,there be; 条件句,if去; 强(调)表语,重状语; 引语后, 常用起; 否定词,开头使; only语,往前置; 免重复, 需代替; 要祝愿, 为修辞.

二、单选：

1. Not until I began to work ____ how much time I had wasted.

E.didn't I realize B. did I realize

C. I didn't realize

D. I realized

2. Only by practising a few hours every day ____ be able to master the language.

A. you can

B. can you

C. you will

D. will you

3. If you don't go，neither ____.

A. shall I

B. do I

C. I do

D. I shall

4. No sooner ____ to the station ____ the train left.

A. had I got，when

B. I had got，than

C. had I got，than

D. did I get，when

5. --- Your father is very strict with you.

--- ____. He never lets off a single mistake of ours.

A. So he is

B. So is he

C. He is so

D. So does he

6. ____ today, he would get there by Sunday.

A. Would he leave

B. Was he leaving

C. Were he to leave

D. If he leave

7. Never in my life ____ such a thing.

A. I have heard or have seen

B. have I heard or seen

C. I have heard or seen

D. did I hear or see

8. --- Here ____！Where is Xiao Liu？

--- There ____.

A. comes the bus; is he

B. comes the bus; he is

C. the bus comes; is he

D. the bus comes; he is

9. ____ , I will not buy it.

A. Much as do I like it

B. As much I like it

C. Much as I like it

D. As I like it much

10. --- I like football. I don't like volleyball.--- ____.

A. So do I

B. Neither do I

C. So it is with me

D. So is it with me

11._____ the expense，I _____ to Italy.

A. If it were not; go

B. Were it not for; would go

C. Weren't it for; will go

D. If it hadn’t been; would have gone

12. So _____ in the darkness that he didn' t dare to move an inch.

A. he was frightened

B. was he frightened

C. frightened he was

D. frightened was he

13.---In modem times, girls like beautiful clothes.

---Yes，_____ and ____.. After all, our life has greatly improved.

A. so do they；so do you

B. so they do；so you do

C. so do they；so you do

D. so they do；so do you

14.---You have an English class every day except Sunday.

--- _____.

A. So we have

B. So we do

C. So have we

D. So do we

15.1 wonder if your wife will go to the ball. If your wife _____，so _____ mine.

A. does; will

B. will; does

C. will；would

D. does; do

16. Only after I read the text over again _____ its main idea.

A. that I knew

B. did I know

C. 1 could know

D. I did know

17.Only in the deep forest _____ such wonderful plants.

A. could we find

B. we could find

C. could we find out

D. we could find out

18. ---I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot.

---_____.

A. So do I

B. Neither do I

C. I’m the same

D. So it is with me

19. So excited _____ that he couldn't say a word.

A. he seemed

B. did he seem

C. was he seeming

D. he did look

20. Jimmy was so nervous that not a single word _____ down in the dictation.

A. he wrote

B. he was written

C. did he write

D. was he written

21. Little ______ when I took the trip where it would lead me.

A. have I known

B. had I known

C. do 1 know

D. did I know

22. ---Have you ever seen anything like that before？

--- ____.

A. No, I never have seen anything like that before

B. No, never I have seen anything like that before

C. No, never have 1 seen anything like that before

D. No, I have seen anything like that before never

23. _____, I would accept the invitation and go to the party.

A. Were I you

B. Was I you

C. Had I been you

D. Would 1 be you

24. You should work less _____.

A. and neither should I

B. and so should I

C. and nor should I

D. and so I should

25. _____ and caught the mouse.

A. Up the cat jumped

B. The cat up jumped

C. Up jumped the cat

D. Jumped up the cat

26. Not only _____ a promise，but also he kept it.

A. did he make

B. he made

C. does he make

D. has he made

27. His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. _____.

A. So is his aunt

B. So has his aunt

C. So his aunt does

D. So it is with his aunt

28. Not once _____ their plan.

A. did they change

B. they changed

C. changed they

D. they did change

29.---Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother？

---I don't know, and ______ .

A. nor don't I care

B. nor do I care

C. I don't care neither

D. I don't care also

30. Not until he arrived home _____ he find that this wallet had been stolen.

A. did

B. would

C. when

D. that

31. ---This is one of the oldest trees in the world.

--- _____ such a big tree.

A. Never I have seen

B. I haven't never seen

C. Never have I seen

D. I have seen never

32. Nowhere else in the world _____ cheaper tailoring（裁缝业，成衣业）than in Hong Kong.

A. a tourist can find

B. can a tourist find

C. a tourist will find

D. a tourist has found

33. _____ succeed in doing anything.

A. Only by working hard we can

B. By only working hard we can

C. Only we can by working hard

D. Only by working hard can we

34. _____ that we all went out, lying in the sun.

A. So fine was the weather

B. So was the fine weather

C. The weather was so fine was

D. So the weather was tine

35. ____ a nice man ____ that we all believe him.

A. So；did he seem

B. So；he seemed

C. Such；he seemed

D. Such；did he seem

36. ---You seem to be an actor.

---_____. I have played many parts in a lot of films.

A. So do I

B. So am I

C. So I do

D. So I am

37. Not only ____ working hard，but also ____ very polite.

A. the boy is; he is

B. is the boy; he is

C. the boy is; is he

D. is the boy; is he

38. _____ , he never seems able to do the work beautifully.

A. Try as he does

B. As he tries

C. Try as does he

D. As try he does

39.-I cannot see the picture well from here.

-- - _____.

A. Neither can’t I

B. Neither I can

C. I can't neither

D. Neither can I

40.---You ought to have given them some advice.

--- _____, but who cared what I asked？

A. So ought you

B. So I ought

C. So it was

D. So I did

41. So carelessly _____ that he almost killed himself.

A. he drives

B. does he drive

C. did he drive

D. he drove

42. Little _____ about his own health though he was very ill.

A. he cared

B. did he care

C. he cares

D. does he care

43. Well ____ know him and well ____ know me.

A. I did; he did

B. did I; he did

C. did I; did he

D. I did; did he

44. No sooner ____ they rushed out into the street.

A. did they hear the news than

B. did they hear the news when

C. had they heard the news than

D. had they heard the news when

45. _____ , he would have passed the exam.

A. If he were to study

B. If he studied hard

C. Had he studied hard

D. Should he study hard

46. We were lucky enough，for no sooner _____ home _____ it rained.

A. we returned; and

B. we had returned; when

C. did we return; when

D. had we returned; than

47. So little ____ agree on the plan that they could not settle their difference.

A. did they

B. do they

C. they did

D. they did not

48. ____ he realized it was too late to return home.

A. No sooner it grew dark than

B. Hardly did it grow dark when

C. It was not until dark that

D. It was until dark that

49. Only when he reached the tea-house it was the same place he’d been in last year.

A. he realized

B. he did realize

C. realized he

D. did he realize

50. Only after they had discussed the matter for several hours _______a decision.

A. they reached

B. did they reach

C. they reach

D. do they reach

51. –It’s nice. Never before such a special drink!

---I’m glad you like it.

A.I have had

B. I had

C. have I had

D. had I

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