短文选词填空学习方法中考英语12选10解题方法

主题：短文选词填空学习方法中考英语12选10解题方法

内容：如何做12选10的问题

提交人：实验陈韵如时间：7/16/2012 17:5:12 主题：急急急急······

内容：答：中考英语12选10 (短文选词填空)

如何做十二选十短文填词？

做河南省中考“用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空”一题。要抓住两点：一是“放远”，二是“看近”。

放远：一篇短文填空题是一个有机的整体。通读全文、明了大意、理清观点、

分清层次是十分重要的一步。依据上下文，语境，眼光放远，从头到尾，按日常认

识事物的规律，填上所选的词，通顺。

技巧：

1. 根据上下文的逻辑关系进行推测：注意上下文的逻辑联系和文章的逻辑关系

是做好短文填空题的关键，它要求考生在了解文章大意的基础上，联系上下文，运

用思维逻辑进行比较、判断，找出既符合短文的词义

2.根据语篇标志进行推测：语篇一般是指比单一句子长的语言单位，如句群、

段落、篇章等。语篇和语篇之间往往有标明其内在联系的词语，这些词语称为“语篇标志”，例如：表示结构层次的firstly, secondly等，表示逻辑关系的therefore, so, but 等，表示话题改变的by the way，for example, and so on, fore instance等。充分利用这些语篇标志可以迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文之间的关系。

3.根据文化背景知识进行推测：短文空题考查的知识面较广，从文化、科学常

识，到历史地理知识；从风俗民情到民族习惯等等，无所不考。考生在做这类题时，

要特别注意中西文化方面所存在的差异。具备了一定的文化背景知识，才能比较准

确地判断出正确的词义。

4.根据常识进行判断：中学生已经掌握了较丰富的科学与生活常识，也具备了

一定的判断能力。在考查语言知识和技能的同时，考查这些简单的常识性的问题，

也是对学生知识面的检测。

看近：形式上有残缺（若干个空），但它的内容、语言习惯，句与句之间的衔

接点，句子与段落之间的联系，段落与段落之间的逻辑顺序仍或隐或现地存在于篇

章之中。依据此句前后，眼光就近。运用基本语言知识（词法和语法）：动副、动宾、介宾、系形、短语动词、短语介词、搭配、结构。

技巧：

1.根据语法知识进行推测：对于考查语法知识的考题，不仅要理解上下文的逻

辑关系，更要有针对性地对语法结构、句式特点进行分析，并根据其语法结构和句

式特点进行合理推测，从而迅速判断出正确的词义。

2.运用词汇知识进行判断：短文填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要集中在词语

的搭配和同义词的辨析两大方面。要做好这类题目，首先要有较大的词汇量，较强

的词语搭配能力，以及在语句中理解词义的能力，做题时要结合上下文的语境，确

定词义。

1) 在词性方面：

⑴从语法方面考虑词性：

根据句子的特点，分清简单句、并列句、复合句，再分别对待。

简单句：根据简单句的句子结构确定所缺词属于句子中主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补

足语、定语、状语、表语等哪一成分，哪些词性可以作这些成分，再根据所缺词的

词义确定该词性的词。

并列句（语法上互不依从的句子）：如果是两个完整的句子中间缺词，则可以从并列

句方面考虑，选择并列联接词---and, so, but, or, however等。

复合句：主要根据主句与从句的关系确定是哪一类复合句。

常考的复合句有：

宾语从句----that, if, whether, how, what等；

状语从句----时间：when,before ,after,while,as soon as,until,since等;

条件：if等; 原因：because等; 方式：how; 等

结果：so ...that..., such...that... 等;

让步：although, though等

比较：as...as...,not so ...as..., ...than...,as...as possible等

定语从句----who, whom, which, that,

⑵、从习惯用法、固定搭配和词与词之间的修饰方面考虑词性:

名词的修饰词可能是---形容词、名词、数词、代词、冠词等。

形容词的修饰词可能是----副词、定冠词、序数词等。

形容词也属于修饰词----用来修饰名词或代词的，在句子中可作定语、表语和宾语补

足语等。

动词的修饰词可能是----情态动词、助动词、副词等。

副词属于修饰词----主要修饰形容词、动词、其他副词以及句子等。

习惯用法、固定搭配----参看《英语中考全解——词组》

2)在词的形式方面：

如果所确定的词是名词、动词、形容词、副词，应该考虑这些词的相应的形式。名

词的单数、复数和所有格形式；动词的六种形式—do, does, doing, did, done, to do;形容词和副词的三级形式。

如果所给词是代词，则应考虑代词的主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主

代词和反身代词等五种形式。

总之：做此类题可概括为以下五个步骤：

1.通读全文，把握大意，确定主旨。

2.身临其境，切身体会，确定词义。

3.周密分析，瞻前顾后，确定词形。

4.复读原文，仔细检查，确定验收。

做选词填空题的基本步骤是：先通览全文，掌握文章大意；然后再根据文章的

语境特点从词语搭配、习惯用法、上下文的逻辑关系以及一般的生活常识等方面进

行分析，从而选出既合语法又合语境的答案。做选词填空题的通常方法有：

1. 词语搭配法：即根据词语的搭配习惯来选择正确的答案。你平时一定要注意掌握一些常用词汇的基本及其有关的搭配。

2. 语法判断法：即通过语法分析来判断正确答案，比如被选项若为是名词，则应根据填空句的上下文确定该名词的单复数以及是否用所有格等；若被选项为动词，则应考虑其时态、语态、搭配以及非谓语形式等。

3. 语境分析法：即根据上下文的具体语境，利用所学过知识和平时所积累的经验，选出最符合题意的选项。

4. 对比排除法：有时对于一些难题，可试着将各个选项逐一填入空白处，然后进行综合比较，排除不适合的，选出最恰当的。

提交人：f7_liyf 时间：7/17/2012 10:1:28

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短文填空： A Sports are good for our health. Sports can make our bodies _____. To make more students know their importance, a sports meeting for middle school students is held in China. This year is ______ 11th birthday. It was _____ from July 16th to 21st in Baotoe, a big city in Inner Mongolia. It is the National Middile School Games. The Games have nine events. _____ are track and field, swimming, basketball, volleyball, table tennis, Wushu, aerobics, shuttlecock and soccer. The National Middle School Games are held ______ three years. Eleven Games have been held successfully until now and many middle school students have taken _____ in the Games. ______ is reported that 34 teams with nearly 5,000 athletes have taken part in the Games in 2011. All the athletes came _____ from different parts of the country including Hong Kong and Macau. Some of them did a good job in the games and others didn’t. They are training hard now and will come to Shanghai for the next games. We hope they will _____ the beautiful city and that their dreams will come _______. B We can remember some important times in our lives. Some things have become good memories. The memories are always in the corner of our mind. When I was in a kindergarten（幼儿园）, I had many toys and friends. They made ____ laugh and cry. The teachers _____ us many songs and games. We played all day. Although we did not know what learning was at that time, we were learning every day. When I was in a primary school, I _____ excited to learn school subjects. Nearly every subject was science. My ______ subject was science. I remembered _____ the first day our science teacher told us the sun was like a big ball. We were quite surprised and kept our mouths open. We began to wonder at the secret of nature. Later many other things came to our ears. We began to learn carefully. When I was ten _____ old, I began to read newspaper, _____ a diary, visit museums and _____ many friends. Every day was something new, interesting and exciting. Now I am in the middle school. Each day is new to me. Happily, I am still learning. It is like a journey to me. I have learned a lot, _____ there’s still a long way for me to go. I hope to ______ a learned person some day. 完形填空： A Monday morning is an important time at our school. All of the students go to the playground. We listen to music, and we 36 the national flag(国旗) go up. Usually, one student gives a talk on Monday mornings. One Monday last year, a boy gave the talk. He was 37 and excited ! When I saw him, I wanted to have a try, too. Can I really do it Last week, our teacher said our class should give the talk. My teacher 38 me, "I know you want to have a try. Next Monday, you can give the talk. Go and write something down. 39 for it, I'm sure you'll do well." "Thank you ," I answered, It was such a great 40 for me ! When I got home , I was excited. I wrote two pages for the talk. I read them again and again. When I read, I asked my parents 41 . I wanted to make my teacher happy. Monday morning came. I began to feel 42 . When did I last give a talk to 43 many people Never! This was my first time. Could I really 44 it Maybe I couldn't finish the talk.

【精品】广东省中考英语历年短文填空真题合集(含答案)

广东省短文填空真题汇总(2010-2020) 2020 年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题 借助上下文补充所缺信息。每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 An old man was fishing on the bank of a river. A child came to 46 him fishing. The old man was really 47 at fishing and it didn’t take long for him to catch a full basket of fish. The old man saw that the child was very cute, and he wanted to give 48 a whole basket of fish. But the child shook her head. The old man was 49 and asked, “Why don’t you want the fish?” The child 50 , “I want the fishing rod(竿) i n your hands.” The old man asked, “Why do you want the rod?” “It doesn’t take long to eat all the fish in a basket. But 51 I have the fishing rod, I can go fishing by myself and I won’t be afraid of not having any more fish to eat.” I think you will certainly say that the child is very smart. Wrong! If she doesn’t know 52 to fish, she cannot have fish to eat, even though she gets the fishing rod. It’s useless to only have a fishing rod. Fishing skills are the 53 important, not the fishing rod. Too many people think that if they have a “fishing rod” in their life, they will 54 longer be afraid of the wind and rain. They are just 55 the child. She thought that if she had a fishing rod, she would have fish to eat. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 2019 年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题 请用适当的词完成下面的短文,并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。 Last winter holiday,I visited a village with only 11 houses. __71__ the village was very small, I spent a whole day in it. The village became popular because __72__ Grandpa Huang's hard work. He bought a house there over 30 years __73__, but in 2010 the village was to be pulled down. In order to save the old village, Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of __74__ own house and other houses. He painted things that he liked. In the village, there were many paintings of __75 __, such as cats and birds. The most popular paintings for visitors were of famous people. One of them was a picture of Andy. He and my __76__ singer. I liked him so much that I asked a visitor to __77__ a photo of that painting and me. On the ground of the village, Grandpa Huang has painted __78__ lot of well-known Chinese sayings. From them, Grandpa Huang learned to live a long and happy __79__. I really had a good time in the village __80__ wished to visit it again. 2018 年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题 请用适当的词完成下面的短文，每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。 Will Johnson has worked his way up the list of most popular stars in his country． In fact， it is not surprising that Will is so successful if we know about his early life． Some valuable lessons he learnt as a child have strongly influenced him 71 his later life． One of them was from his father 72 was strict with him and his brother． Once， Will and his b rother Harry 73given a job to rebuild a broken brick（砖） wall in the yard． The wall was fifty feet 74and around sixteen feet high． The boys had to mix concrete（水泥） and place only one brick at a time． They didn't know why their father gave them 75 a huge job．76 ，with the attitude（态度） of "one brick more"， both Will and Harry rebuilt the wall in 77 period of six months． Each time they were about to give up， their father 78 them up patiently． Both brothers were so sad about the job at 79 ， but after completing the task， they felt a sense of pride， and so did their father． Even today when Will thinks that he won't be able to do something， he will look back to this experience and keep telling 80 ，"one brick at a time"．