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英语考点

英语考点
英语考点

句型变换

1.The policemen were (authority) authorized to arrest that law breaker.

2.They (combination) combined their efforts to achieve a common end.

3.The house was (destroy) destroyed by a fire.

4.He told a story that lacks (continuously) continuity.

5.The bank clerks made no (resist) resistance to the robbers.

6.He gives very little money to his wife out of (selfish) selfishness.

7.There’s (bound) bound to be someone who remembers him in the area.

8.During the war, the British (command) commanded the seas.

9.They (value) valued independence more than anything else in the world.

10.We finally (yield) yielded to their argument.

11.Our country has grown richer because of growing (commercial) commerce with

other nations.

12.Among those (presence) present at the meeting are some foreign experts.

13.It is really surprising that his (imitate) imitation of that singer could be almost

perfect.

14.In most Middle East countries , politics has close (associate) association with

religion.

15.Though only a college student then, Nicholson was filled with the (ambitious)

ambition to because famous one day.

16.He was absorbed in the (glory) glorious memories of his championshiop-winning

days.

17.My father wanted me to become a (profession) professional doctor, but he felt

disappointed in the end.

18.People agreed that Kublai Khan was one of the most outstanding (empire)

emperors in ancient China.

19.Long before I went there, Africa was alive in my (imagine) imagination.

20.During our visit to the USA, we had a (wonder) wonderful time in the Disney

World.

21.The school is noted for its academic (excellent) excellence.

22.Travel is (infinite) infinitely more comfortable now than it used to be.

23.Everything will (ultimate) ultimately depend on what is said at the meeting with

the directors next week.

24.The economic (powerful) power of many Asian countries has grown dramatically

in recent years.

25.He is due to (retirement) retire as chief executive next year.

26.There’s a (traditional) tradition in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday,

they bring in a cake for us all to share.

27.The wind blew (delight) delightful odors from the pine forests.

28.As children we were rather in (awesome) awe of our grandfather.

29.Children in the (statement) stated areas were at risk from a lack of food, the report

said.

30.She’s always talking in (abstract) abstractions.

31.I couldn’t understand her apparent (uneasy) uneasiness.

32.A (brutality) brutal person is one who is cruel or savage.

33.The pipeline (convey) conveys natural gas to the Midwest.

34.The child fell down and started (scream) screaming.

35.The (crew) crew are paid to do all the work on the ship.

36.That old film (evoke) evoked memories of the years of the war.

37.We use a (global) globe in our geography lessons.

38.His voice shook with (emotional) emotion.

39.I’ve (reinforce) reinforced the elbows of that jacket with leather patches.

40.The workmen are busy (wire) wiring the new school.

汉译英

1.无论什么时候我们都不应该向敌人投降。At no time should we yield to the

enemy.

2.虽然下着大雨,他们肯定会来参加这次会议。In spite of the heavy rain, they are

bound to come to his meeting.

3.学习英语将会增加我们对世界的了解。Learning English will add to our

understanding of the world.

4.他们在海上迷失方向,任凭风和天气来摆布。They were lost at sea, and were at

the mercy of winds and weather.

5.我们应该珍惜传到我们这一代的好传统并把它传给下一代。We should cherish

the good traditions handed down to our generation and hand them on to the next generation.

6.我如何才能赢回她的信任?How can I win back her trust?

7.我们曾一度和平相处,不久麻烦就开始了。For a time we lived together

peacefully. Soon trouble started.

8.我们是否去爬山将取决于天气。Whether we will go hill-climbing or not depends

upon the weather.

9.我发现书整齐地摆放在书桌上。I found that the books were laid out neatly on

the desk.

10.我们非常感激你,因为你在促成这件事中出过很大的一份力。We’re very

grateful to you as you have played an important role in bringing it about.

11.他们的延误是由天气不好造成的。Their delay was due to bad weather.

12.影响人们的不是过去而是现在和未来。What influences people is not the past

but the present and the future.

13.总体而言,人们经常把政治和战争联系起来。Generally speaking, people often

associate politics with wars.

14.汤姆曾经受过一流的教育,因而,他比未受过很好教育的孩子们更有优势。

Tom had a first-rate education, so he had an advantage over those children who were not as well educated as he.

15.许多学生抱怨这些食物一点也不令人满意。Many students complain that the

food is by no means satisfactory.

16.他们兴奋的叫喊声几乎淹没了音乐。Their screams of excitement all but

drowned out the music.

17.一个乞丐走进我们向我们要钱。A beggar came up to us and asked for money.

18.约翰年纪渐大。他开始迷恋于赚钱。As John grew older, he became obsessed

with making money.

19.你跟我说调查此事白费功夫,同时却又希望我去调查。You told me in the same

breath that it was useless to investigate the matter and that you desired me to do it.

20.他赚了一大笔钱,从此过着富足的生活。He earned a great sum of money and

has lived well off of it since.

21.她把衣服收好放在衣橱里。She put away her clothes in the dresser.

22.他的行为给人恶劣的印象。His behavior created a bad impression.

23.这里先前的居民以铜换玉米。The early settlers here traded their copper ware for

corn.

24.他试图让全家人都服从他的意志。He tried to subject the whole family to his

will.

25.他一会儿就完成了工作,但经理并不满意。He finished the work in an instant,

but the manager wasn’t satisfied.

26.主席代表公司签署了那份文件。The chairman signed the document on behalf of

the company,

27.那女孩不愿意离家去上大学。The girl is reluctant to leave home for college,

28.做你觉得对的事情。Always do what is right in your eyes.

29.大使向总理转达了总统的问候。The ambassador conveyed the president’s

message to the premier.

30.我认为污渍不会脱落。I don’t think the stains will come off.

31.那种气氛总会唤起我对母校的回忆。That kind of atmosphere always evokes

memories of my old school.

32.法律的目的就是保护个人的权利。The purpose of the law is to protect the rights

of individuals.

英译汉(一二单元课文)

Unit 1

爱国者即热爱祖国,为祖国工作,并愿意为祖国战斗和献身的人。每一个士兵都应责无旁贷地恪尽职守,而优秀的士兵的表现更为突出:他们不顾自己的生命安危,因为他们热爱为之战斗的国家。他们热爱她的山山水水,她的城市乡村,她的人民及其生活方式;他们愿意保卫她,同企图征服和摧毁她的敌人战斗到底。为什么有些国家完全消亡了?这几乎总是因为,当巨大的考验来临时,当需要对敌人进行最积极的抵抗时,没有足够多的男女斗士愿意为了能使自己的国家和同胞继续自由和独立地生存而不惜牺牲生命。

为什么另外一些国家,相比之下人口少。国力弱,尽管境内外曾发生过大规模的战争,仍然连续数百年保持自由和独立?答案在于这些国家的人们都誓死不屈。他们可能一度看上去受制于征服者,但他们并不言败,战斗不息直到机会来临,最后消灭敌人或把敌人赶走,赢回他们的自由。

我们都能回忆起一些国家,有些在近期,有些在古代,因国民党英勇及决心而免于消亡。往往出现这种情况:在最危险的时刻,在最需要的时候,有人挺身而出,证明自己是一位伟大的领导者。他身体力行以鼓励他人,使他们产生新的抵抗意志,使他们满怀希望,让他们跟随他走向胜利。没有领导者,民众就难以组

织起来;没有民众的支持,再伟大的领导者也难展宏图。正是领导者和民众的结合才带来成功。

并非人人都能成为伟大的领导者,因为很少有人具备必要的素质。不过我们可以接受训练,或自我训练,以开发自身潜质。人们说,只有先学会服从的人才能够指挥,而服从合法政权是我们所受教育的一部分。另一点是大公无私:一个自私的人永远也成不了真正的爱国者。还有,既然我们都珍视所进行的事业和经过共同努力所取得的成就,那么如果我们竭尽全力不断完善自己并且改善我们生存的社会,我们的爱国心就会日益增强。

最后,真正的爱国者除了热爱祖国以外,还必须了解自己的国家。他会因为更彻底地了解她而愈加热爱她。我们不可能为知之甚少的事业勇敢战斗。因此,作为爱国的公民,我们接受的训练,应该包括走遍祖国大地,熟悉其他地区多余本地,直接了解那里的风土人情。我们本国的历史,我们本国的地理,我们的语言和文学,我们的音乐和其他艺术——这些都是属于我们的,我们应该把它们放在首位。认识这一切,我们就会珍视这一切。但最重要的是了解人民——那些生活中我们之前的人们,把自己通过劳动和献身而取得的成果传给我们的人们;那些生活在今天的人们,我们同他们共享胜利的果实;那些生活中我们之后的人们,我们将把前人所传,再加上我们的贡献,一起传给他们。

Unit 2

每个国家都有它的首都,首都是一个国家的主要城市,通常是政府所在地,尽管有时,如在美国,政治首都可能不是最大的城市。华盛顿虽然是美国立法之地,却比纽约这一商业首都小得多。澳大利亚首都堪培拉在世界各重要城市中也许面积最小,而且历史最短,但人们正在尽力一切努力,使之成为最漂亮的城市。就像帝国一样,城市也有兴衰,但城市存在的历史常常比以它为首都的帝国历史更长,很难想象,罗马,雅典,巴黎,伦敦会像世界上其他一些著名城市那样衰落甚至消亡。地震,火灾,战争和疾病共同卷入了那些曾为世界奇观的城市的破坏过程,但还没有什么阻止上述四个首都继续成为文明中心。罗马,诗人雪莱曾说,“岁月,帝国和宗教都已被埋在他们自掘的废墟中”,如今它充满了昔日的荣耀;它过去所盘踞的七座山丘几乎已成平地;今天,在为避免进一步衰落而受到保护的古庙下面,深深地埋藏着历史。然而,当你乘火车或飞机到达这儿,搭上汽车,沿着宽阔的街道,经过高大的现代建筑到达一流的酒店时,你所感觉到的影响不是过去的,而是现代的和未来的。

如同人一样,城市也有其独特的品质和特征。有时,这些就是其居民的品质和特征。巴黎是活泼愉快的,我们把它看作一个快乐之都,尽管在过去它常常是正好相反。由于英格兰的气候,伦敦有了雾都的美誉,尽管事实是真正的大雾并不常见。纽约被说成是摩天大楼之都。而维也纳,我们常把它与美妙的音乐联系在一起。可以用大同小异的说法来形容每一座城市,无论它是否为首都所在地;随着城市的成长和发展,我们也渐渐认识到它的特色。

首都有着其他城市所没有的独特优势。作为政府和权利中心,首都吸引了大量的人群,其中许多人雄心勃勃,通过他们各方面的努力,诸如艺术,职业,贸易等,首都成为比本国任何普通城市更重要的中心。首都内建有剧院,银行,图书馆,政府建筑,大学,大教堂,商务大楼等,还建有公园,人们因能使首都变得名副其实而倍感自豪。思想也从外面传进来。外国政府代表,外国商人和游客,

都促使人口膨胀,影响着城市生活。

正是这种与其他国家的联系,主要是由于如此之多来自国外的男男女女,才使得一国首都变得国际化。一个国家拥有这样一个唯一的中心是否是好事,或者是否值得鼓励其他城市效仿首都从而促进相互了解,这是一个值得探讨的课题。同时,更严重的问题是,如何防止城市人口不合理地无限制增长。

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金属切削 metal cutting 机床 machine tool 金属工艺学 technology of me tals 刀具 cotter 摩擦 friction 联结 link 传动 drive/transmission 轴 shaft 弹性 elasticity 频率特性 frequency characte ristic 误差 error 响应 response 定位 allocation

机床夹具 jig 动力学 dynamic 运动学 kinematics 静力学 static 分析力学 analyze mechanics 拉伸 pulling 压缩 hitting 剪切 shear 扭转 twist 弯曲应力 bending stress 强度 intensity 三相交流电 three-phase AC 磁路 magnetic circles 变压器 transformer 异步电动机 asynchronous mot

or 几何形状 geometrical 精度 precision 正弦形的 sinusoid 交流电路 AC circuit 机械加工余量 machining allo wance 变形力 deforming force 变形 deformation 应力 stress 硬度 rigidity 热处理 heat treatment 退火 anneal 正火 normalizing 脱碳 decarburization

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