2008年职称英语综合类(C级)真题及答案

2008年职称英语综合类(C级)真题及答案

第1部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面每个句子中均有一个词或短语加有括号，请为每处括号部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。

1. We’ll give every teacher (room) for development.

A. place

B. employment

C. house

D. space

2. The policeman asked him to (identify) the thief.

A. describe

B. name

C. capture

D. call

3. We were all there when the accident (occurred).

A. broke

B. happened

C. spread

D. appeared

4. It took me exactly a week to (complete) the work.

A. start

B. achieve

C. finish

D. improve

5. The herb medicine (eventually) cured her disease.

A. nicely

B. apparently

C. naturally

6. This new policy has led to (dramatic) increase in production.

A. striking

B. minor

C. fixed

D. modest

7. Poor schooling was the (root) of the unemployment problem.

A. base

B. result

C. force

D. cause

8. John (survives) on 100 pounds a month.

A. lives

B. puts

C. borrows

D. spends

9. One’s economic condition often (affects) his or her way of life.

A. determines

B. shows

C. confines

D. influences

10. If you want to keep healthy, you should (vary) the foods you eat.

A. reject

B. accept

C. choose

D. change

11. She found me very (dull).

A. dirty

C. boring

D. lazy

12. The President made a (brief) visit to Beijing.

A. working

B. short

C. formal

D. secret

13. He was persuaded to (give up) the idea.

A. mention

B. accept

C. drop

D. consider

14. Jack (consumes) a pound of cheese a day.

A. drinks

B. eats

C. buys

D. produces

15. Mary just told us a very (fascinating) story.

A. strange

B. frightening

C. interesting

D. difficult

第2部分：阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

Petitions

Petitions(请愿/请愿书) have long been a part of British political life. Anyone who wanted to change something would get a list of signatures from people who agreed to the idea and either send them to the government or deliver them personally to the Prime Minister’s house in London.

They are always accepted at the door by one of the PM’s officials. What happens then? Nothing much, usually. But petitions have always been thought of as a useful way for those who govern to find out what the people really think.

That’s why the UK government launched its “e-petition” site in November 2006. Instead of physically collecting signatures, all anyone with an idea has to do now is to make a proposal on the government website, and anyone who supports the idea is free to add his or her signature.

The petitions soon started to flow in. The idea was for the British people to express their constructive ideas. Many chose instead to express their sense to humor.

One petitioner called on Tony Blair to “stop the Deputy Prime Minister eating so much”. Another wanted to expel(驱逐) Scotland from the United Kingdom because Scottish football fans never support England in the World Cup.

Other petitioners called on the Prime Minister to abolish the monarchy. Some wanted to give it more power. Some wanted to oppose the United States. Others wanted to leave the European Union. Some wanted to send some troops to Iraq and others wanted them all brought home. Some wanted to adopt the euro(欧元). Others wanted to keep the pound.

Yet if some petitions are not serious, others present a direct challenge to government policy.

A petition calling on the government to drop plans to charge drivers for using roads has already drawn around 1.8 million signatures. In response to that, a rival petition has been posted in support of road pricing. And that is also rapidly growing.

There are about 60 million people in Britain, so it is understandable that the government wants to find out what people are thinking. But the problem with the e-petition site seems to be that the British people have about 70 million opinions, and want the Prime Minister to hear all of them. Perhaps he could start a petition asking everyone to just shut up for a while.

16. A petition needs to be signed.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

17. The Prime Minister reads petitions every day.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

18. A petition has to be mailed to the Prime Minister’s house in London.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

19. Petitions have been taken to be one of the ways for the British people to express their ideas.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

20. No other governments have launched their e-petition sites.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

21. All petitions are serious.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

22. It is impossible for the Prime Minister to hear all of the opinions.

A. Right

B. Wrong

C. Not mentioned

第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）

下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23~26题要求从所给的6个选项中为给定的段落选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Ways to Reduce Exposure to Air Pollution

1 Areport published recently brings bad news about air pollution. It suggests that it could be as damaging to our health as exposure to the radiation from the 1986 Ukraine nuclear power plant disaster. The report was published by the UK's Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution. But what can city people do to reduce exposure to air pollution? Quite a lot, it turns out.

2 Avoid walking in busy streets. Choose side streets and parks instead. Pollution levels can

fall a considerable amount just by moving a few meters away from the main pollution source-exhaust fumes(废气). Also don't walk behind smokers. Walk on the windward（顶风的）side of the street where exposure to pollutants（污染物）can be 50 percent less than on the downwind（顺风的）side.

3 Sitting on the driver's side of a bus can increase your exposure by 10%, compared with sitting on the side nearest the pavement. Sitting upstairs on a double-decker（双层电车）can reduce exposure. It is difficult to say whether traveling on an underground train is better or worse than taking the bus. Air pollution on underground trains tend to be less toxic（有毒的）than that at street level, coz underground pollution is mostly make up of tiny iron particles（粒子）thrown up by wheels hitting the rails. But diesel（柴油机）and petrol fumes have a mixture of pollutants.

4 when you are crossing a road, stand well back from the curb（路缘）while you wait for the light to change. Every meter really does count when you are close to traffic. As the traffic begins to move, fumes can be reduced in just a few seconds. So holding your breath for just a moment can make a difference, even though it might sound silly.

5 There are large sudden pollution increases during rush hours. Pollution levels fall during nighttime. The time of year also makes a big difference. Pollution levels tend to be at their lowest during spring and autumn when winds are freshest. Extreme could or hot weather has a trapping effect and tends to cause a build-up of pollutants.

23. Paragraph 2

24. Paragraph 3

25. Paragraph 4

26. Paragraph 5

A. When you get up

B. Where you stand while waiting to cross a road

C. Where you walk

D. Where you sit on a bus and how you travel

E. When you go to bed

F. When pollution levels rise and fall

27. Air pollution can be as harmful to one’s health ______

28. Traveling on an underground train can reduce exposure _________

29. Pollution levels are lower ______

30. It’s wise to stay away from heavy traffic _______

A. on the downwind side

B. during rush hours

C. in spring and autumn

D. to toxic air

E. between autumn and winter

F. as exposure to nuclear radiation

第4部分：阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定一个最佳选项。

第一篇 Not Eating too Much

【博大考神职称英语培训系统综合类C级冲刺模拟题（一）阅读理解第二篇】

"Clean your plate!" and "Be a member of the clean-plate club!" Just about every kid in the US has heard this from a parent or grandparent. Often, it's accompanied by an appeal: "Just think about those starving orphans in Africa!'' Sure, we should be grateful for every bite of food. Unfortunately, many people in the US take too many bites. Instead of staying "clean the plate”, perhaps we should save some food for tomorrow.

According to news reports, US restaurants are partly, to blame for the growing bellies. A waiter puts a plate of food in front of each customer, with two to four times the amount recommended by the government, according to a USA Today story. Americans traditionally associate quantity with value and most restaurants try to give them that. They prefer to have customers complain about too much food rather than too little.

Barbara Rolls, a nutrition professor at Pennsylvania State University, told USA Today that restaurant portion sizes began to grow in the 1970s, the same time that the American waistline began to expand.

Health experts have tried to get many restaurants to serve smaller portions. Now, apparently, some customers are calling for this too. The restaurant industry trade magazine QSR reported last month that 57 percent of more than 4,000 people surveyed believe restaurants serve portions that are too large; 23 percent had no opinion; 20 percent disagreed. But a closer look at the survey indicates that many Americans who can't afford fine dining still prefer large portions. Seventy percent of those earning at least $150,000 per year prefer smaller portions; but only 45 percent of those earning less than $25,000 want smaller.

It's not that working class Americans don't want to eat healthy. It's just that, after long hours at low-paying jobs, getting less on their plate hardly seems like a good deal. They live from paycheck to paycheck, happy to save a little money for next year's Christmas presents.

31. Parents in the United States tend to ask their children

A. to save food for tomorrow

B. to wash the dishes

C. not to eat too much

D. not to waste food

32. Why do American restaurants serve large portions?

A. Because Americans have big bellies.

B. Because Americans associate quantity with value.

C. Because Americans are good eaters.

D. Because Americans are too weak.

33. What happened in the 1970s?

A. The US government called on its people to reduce their weigh.

B. Health experts persuaded restaurants to serve smaller portions.

C. The American waistline started to expand.

D. The United States produced more grain than needed.

34. What does the survey indicate?

A. Twenty percent Americans want smaller portions.

B. Many low-income Americans want large portions.

C. Fifty seven percent Americans want large portions.

D. Forty-five percent Americans want smaller portions.

35. Which of the following is NOT true of working class Americans?

A. They work long hours.

B. They live from paycheck to paycheck.

C. They want to save money for their children.

D. They don't want to be healthy eaters.

第二篇 A New Immigration Bill

The US Senate is considering a new immigration bill. It will value the economic promise of immigrants over family ties when considering US residency and citizenship. The legislation, which was proposed by President Bush and a group of senators, contains a point system. The proposal aims to increase the number of immigrants with graduate degrees, earnings or job skills.

The proposed point system would use a 100-point scale. According to a draft of the law, merit applicants could earn up to 47 points for things like occupation, or years of work for a US firm. They could earn up to 28 points for their education, 15 points for English and US civics(公民学), and 10 points for family ties. The system has stirred up debate. Critics on the left say it opposes family unity and American values. Critics on the right complain that the current system does not reflect the needs of high-tech employers.

The current kinship(血缘关系)-based system puts pressure on the US, as it attracts low-skill workers who consume more public service than they pay back in taxes. It allows a variety of uneducated people in from Mexico and Central America.

The immigration bill would allow eight years to clear the current backlog(积压) of applications for a permanent resident card, or green card. After that, only the children and spouses(配偶) of legal immigrants would be able to apply for family visas. Adult children, siblings(兄弟姐妹), parents, and other relatives would have to apply in the general queue(排队). Under the proposal, immigrants from Asian countries would likely fare well. For instance, over half of recent immigrants from China and India have a bachelor's or higher degree. Immigrants from Latin American countries would likely face more difficulties.

Immigration point systems have been in use in Canada, Australia and New Zealand for years. The UK adopted a similar approach in 2001. One thing that Canada and other nations have discovered is that their system needs to fit the needs of their economy. Too often they find that they attract highly-educated people who end up finding work that doesn't use their skills. Some end up driving a taxi.

36. One of the reasons for proposing the point system is

A. to give priority to immigrants from China

B. to protect the US from terrorist attacks

C. to increase population

D. to attract skilled immigrants

37. What do critics on the right say about the proposed point system?

A. It opposes family unity.

B. It is very difficult to apply.

C. It does not meet the needs of high-tech employers.

D. It opposes American values.

38. Which statement is NOT true of the current system?

A. It is kinship-based.

B. It puts pressure on the US.

C. It attracts highly-educated people.

D. It draws low-skilled workers.

39. Who can apply for family visas in future?

A. The uncles and aunts of legal immigrants.

B. The brothers and sisters of legal immigrants.

C. The parents and grandparents of legal immigrants.

D. The spouses and young children of legal immigrants.

40. Which country adopted the point system in 2001?

A. The US

B. The UK

C. Canada

D. Australia

第三篇 Political Spins

LAST week, US White House spokesman Tony Snow sent journalists digging for their dictionaries. He called recent criticism by the former President Bill Clinton "chutzpah"（大胆放肆）. With just one sentence, Snow managed to make headlines, a joke and a defense of President George W. Bush. Interestingly, this is how battles are fought and won in US politics – with

carefully-worded one-liners (一行字幕新闻) made for TV which often lack substance and clarity(清晰度).

“The amount of information that candidates attempted to communicate to people is actually getting smaller and smaller” said Mark Smith, a political science professor at Cedarville University. This has been accompanied by a changing media environment, Smith said. In 1968, the average TV or radio soundbite(演讲中的句子或短语) was 48 seconds. Thus, politicians wanting publicity try to make their public communication as quotable as possible.

Campaigning politicians also use 30-second TV ads and clever campaign slogans(口号) to boost their messages. Republican presidential candidate John McCain rides to campaign stops in a bus named the “Straight-Talk Express”. McCain hopes the name will convince voters he plans to tell people the truth – whether it’s in fashion or not. Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton, on the other hand, has chosen the campaign slogan “Let the conversation begin”. She hopes it will help her appear open-minded and friendly.

But one-liners, TV ads and campaign slogans all have a single key ingredient: something commonly called political “spin”. Brookes Jackson, a former journalist and the current director of the non-partisan(无党派的) website https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2315118880.html,, calls spin “just a polite word for deception(欺骗).”

“I do believe that very often politicians believe their own spin,” said Jackson.

“Strong partisans suffer from a universal human tendency: They ignore the evidence that would force them into the uncomfortable position of having to change their minds and admit that they were wrong.”

41. Which statement is NOT true of one-liners?

A. They contain a lot of information.

B. They are unclear.

C. They lack substance.

D. They are carefully constructed.

42. What changed from 1968 to 1996?

A. Publicity

B. Information

C. The average soundbite

D. Communication

43. The campaign slogan “Straight-Talk Express” aims at convincing voter that the presidential candidate is

A. friendly

B. honest

C. open-minded

D. warm-hearted

44. According to Brooks Jackson, all campaign slogans are

A. attractive

B. impressive

C. informative

D. deceptive

45. Which statement best describes strong partisans?

A. They are very funny.

B. They are very healthy.

C. They are very stubborn (顽固的).

D. They are very aggressive.

第5部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）

下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。

Bomb Explosions in Thailand

The new year celebration in Thailand was shattered by violence, when nine bombs exploded across Bangkok around midnight. Three Thai citizens were killed and more than 30 injured.

Among the injured, six were foreigners. No Chinese casualties were reported, the Chinese Embassy in Bangkok, the capital, said on Monday. ______________(46)But other embassies have advised their citizens to avoid travelling to Bangkok. "There is a possibility of further attacks in coming days," said a travel advisory from Australia. "Australians are urged to avoid unnecessary travel in Bangkok."

No terrorist group claimed responsibility for the bombings by Tuesday.

_____________(47)Bombings and shootings occur almost daily in Thailand's three southernmost provinces. Yala, Narathiwat and Pattani have a dominant Muslim population and have long complained of neglect(忽视) and discrimination(歧视) in the largely Buddhist(佛教徒的) nation. They have asked for independence and a separate Islamic(伊斯兰的) state. Since 2004, the insurgents(叛乱者) have carried out numerous attacks in the south and more than 1,900 people have been killed. _______________(48)

But Thai Prime Minister Surayud Chulanont said on Monday that domestic politics rather than the Muslim insurgency was behind the bombings. "It is likely related to people who lost their political benefits," Surayud said, referring to Thaksin Shinawatra.

___________(49) Surayud was later appointed interim(临时的) prime minister until elections take place in October. Thaksin, however, still enjoys widespread support, especially in the countryside.

___________(50) Thaksin's lawyer, Noppadol Patama, denied his client's involvement in the bombings, according to a local website.

A. Nobody is to blame.

B. Some believe the explosions were the work of Muslim separatists.

C. Some believe that several senior army officers loyal to Thaksin plotted the bombing with ousted politicians to discredit the government.

D. Thaksin was ousted in a military coup last September.

E. The Thai Government has been unable to curb the violence, though thousands of troops have been sent to the south.

F. The embassy issued no travel warnings.

第6部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）

下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。

Sixty years ago, a man named Kenneth Arnold saw something that we can still ____(51) today -something that changed popular culture for ever.

Flying his plane over mountains in the US state of Washington, he saw a line of strange objects, either crescent -shaped or disc-like, flying ___(52) the motion of a saucer skimming on water.

The media soon picked up on the story - the Flying Saucers were here! Was the earth being ______(53) by creatures from another planet? Soon, so many sightings were made that the US military began to ____(54) It called these strange objects UFOs – Unidentified Flying Objects, and that is how they are ____(55) today.

Military investigations found no evidence of visitors from outer space. But that did not stop the true ____(56). The military were ___(57) up, they said. Or maybe it was because the travelers from space were of such superior intelligence ____(58) they could hide from the most sophisticated military analysts.

People have always seen strange lights in the sky. In the past these were explained in _____(59) ways. In a world where religion was less influential and science fiction was popular, signs from god were replaced by visitors from other ____(60) .

The date of the first UFO signings was also significant. In 1947, World War II had just ended and the ____(61) war was just beginning. Humanity seemed locked in endless conflicts. Like generations before them, people looked ____ (62) the skies for help. But instead of seeking God, they looked for help from super-intelligent aliens with ____(63) technology. Belief in UFOs became the first religion of science.

However, even people who believe in UFOs are not quite sure why they visit the earth. The universe is a big place and it is ____(64) to assume that there is life somewhere out there. It is possible that aliens have worked out how to travel through space. Yet some people report that they have been taken by aliens and have had experiments ____(65) on them. Why would anyone travel across half the universe to conduct medical experiments on people living in small towns in the United States？

51. ( )

A. see

B. look

C. seek

D. feel

52. ( )

A. below

B. before

C. under

D. with

53. ( )

A. ruled

B. bombed

C. visited

D. captured

54. ( )

A. attack

B. investigate

C. shoot

D. confront

55. ( )

A. written

B. said

C. told

D. known

56. ( )

A. thinkers

B. believers

C. followers

D. runners

57. ( )

A. covering

B. putting

C. cheating

D. tricking

58. ( )

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. this

59. ( )

A. funny

B. crude

C. foolish

D. religious

60. ( )

A. continents

B. planets

C. countries

D. regions

61. ( )

A. cool

B. nuclear

C. cold

D. star

62. ( )

A. to

B. above

C. at

D. up

63. ( )

A. traditional

B. backward

C. advanced

D. classical

64. ( )

A. unthinkable

B. impossible

C. unimaginable

D. reasonable

65. ( )

A. studied

B. performed

C. brought

D. taken

参考答案：

1-15 DBBCD ADADD CBCBC 16-23 ACBACBA

24-30 CDBF FDCB

31-45 DBCBD DCCDB ACBDC 46-50 FBEDC

51-65 ADCBD BACDB CACDB

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