电子信息类专业英语第五单元译文 李白萍主编

电子信息类专业英语（第二版）李白萍主编第五单元译文

第五单元

A compact disc (CD) is a laser-read (also termed “optically read”) data storage device on which audio, video, or textual material can be stored. Although it has been used primarily to record stereophonic sound and has supplanted the long-playing PHONOGRAPH record as the principal medium for music storage, it offers a huge potential as the medium for the storage of massive amounts of many types of information.[1]

一个光盘（CD）是在其上的音频，视频或文本材料可被存储在激光读取（也称为“光学读取”）数据存储设备。虽然它被主要用来记录立体声声音，并已经取代了留声机成为了主要的音乐存储媒体，但它作为能存储大量多种信息的媒体仍具有巨大的潜力。

Unlike the conventional phonograph record, the CD stores information in digital form. Stereophonic (two-channel) sound signals are digitally sampled at a rate of 44,100 times per second per channel. Each sample is expressed as a binary number value consisting of 16 binary digits, or bits. The sampled digital values, along with error correction data, tracking codes, and cueing data, are recorded on a digital tape, which is used to make compression-molded plastic discs 12 cm (4.72in) in diameter, each covered by a thin, reflective metallic layer and protected by a clear plastic coating.[2] During playback, a low-powered laser beam reads the digital data through the reflective rear surface of the disk.[1]

与传统的照片记录不同，光盘以数字形式存储的信息。立体声（双声道）声音信号以每秒44,100次每信道的速率进行数字采样。每个样本被表示为二进制数的值由16个二进制数位，或比特组成。样本数值，以及误差校正数据，跟踪代码和暗示的数据，记录在数字磁带上，它是用来制成直径为12厘米（4.72英寸）的压缩成形的塑料盘，各由一个薄的、反射性的金属层和一个透明的塑料涂层保护。在播放过程中，低功率激光束通过光盘表面的反射后读取数据。

The CD improves over conventional records and tape recordings with its more uniform and accurate frequency response, a complete absence of background noise, a wider dynamic range (the difference between the softest and loudest recordable musical sounds), and longer wear—since nothing mechanical touches the surface of the disc when it is played.

光盘改善了传统的记录和录音------更均匀、精确的频率响应，完全没有背景噪音，更宽的动态范围（不同于最柔软的和最大可录制音乐地声音），而且更耐用。因为当它被播放时没有机械接触光盘的表面。

Introduced in 1992, the Sony MiniDisc measures only 6.35cm(2.5in) in diameter, but it can be used to record as well as play up to 74 minutes of music. Its small size is

made possible by a system of data reduction that uses psycho-acoustic principles to eliminate data that is not normally heard by the listener-thereby reducing the data density to one-fifth that required for conventional CDs. Mini-Discs can be used only with their own recorder-player.

引进于1992年的索尼迷你光碟直径仅6.35厘米（2.5英寸）长，但它可以被用来记录以及播放长达74分钟的音乐。数据压缩系统使光盘的小尺寸成为可能，该系统利用心理声学原理来消除数据，被听众聆听是不正常的。因而通过降低数据密度的五分之一，需要对传统的CDs提出要求.迷你光盘只能在特定的录放机中使用。

A second important application of CD technology is the CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read Only Memory), a text/graphics/sound storage medium that is accessed through the CD-ROM drive in a computer. A CD-ROM can store in excess of 500 megabytes (millions of bytes)of data—as compared with a computer’s hard disk, whose maximum storage capacity is about 200 megabytes. (The Academic American Encyclopedia was the first encyclopedia to be made available as a CD-ROM, in 1986). New data compression techniques, which can filter out massive quantities of unneeded data, have expanded CD-ROM capacities to include sound and image as well as text storage: in 1993 the first movie (A Hard Day’s Night) was recorded on a CD-ROM .

CD技术的第二个重要的应用是CD-ROM（光盘只读存储器），一种通过在一台电脑的CD-ROM驱动器访问的文本/图形/声音存储媒体。与一个电脑的硬盘最大存储容量大约为200兆字节进行比较，一个只读存储器能存储超过500兆字节的数据（百万字节）。（美国百科全书是在1986年第一个被制成CD-ROM的百科全书）。新的数据压缩技术，可以过滤掉大量不需要的数据，这扩大了CD-ROM 的容量包括声音和图像以及文本存储；在1993年的第一部电影“艰难的一天一夜”被记录的CD-ROM上。

The Interactive Compact Disc, or CD-I, is essentially a CD-ROM that can be accessed via a CD-I player attached to a television set. With an on-screen cursor and a handheld control pad the user can choose his or her own path through a game, an art history tour, or a “How To”tutorial that includes CD-quality sound and thousands of full-color images as well as text. Among the variation of the CD-I is the Photo CD, which records still photos digitally, for display on a TV screen. Improved

data compression techniques for video will eventually allow movie storage on CD-Is, with a quality comparable to boy’s laser-recorded videodiscs.

交互式光盘或CD-1，基本上是一个CD-ROM，它可以通过CD-1播放机连接到电视机。利用屏幕上的光标移动和手持式控制面板，用户可以选择他或她自己的方式访问光盘，通过游戏，艺术历史之旅，或“如何做”的教程，教程包括CD质量的声音和数以千计的全彩色图像和文本。其中CD-1的变化就是照片的CD，它记录静态照片的数字，以显示在电视屏幕上。改进的视频数据压缩技术最终将允许电影存储在CD-Is上，那是可以和当今的激光记录视盘媲美。

Passage B Hard Disks and Optical Disks 硬盘和光盘

The hard disk drive provides increased storage capabilities and faster access. Hard disks were developed by IBM in 1973. The early ones were extremely expensive; however, with mass production of the personal computer, a hard disk drive is now available for as little as $200, and it is incorporated into the computer system. A fixed, hard disk usually has one or more disk platters coated with a metal oxide substance that allows information to be magnetically stored on it. This storage system includes the disk, a read/write head assembly, and the connections between the drive and the computer.

硬盘驱动器提供了增加的存储能力和更快的访问。硬盘是由美国国际商用机器公司在1973年生产的。早期的硬盘极其昂贵;然而,大规模生产的个人电脑,硬盘驱动器现在仅售价为200美元,而且它纳入计算机系统。固态硬盘通常有一个或多个涂有一层金属氧化物磁性物质的磁盘,使信息在它上面存储。这个存储系统包括磁盘、读/写磁头组件,驱动和计算机之间的连接。

At first, these disk drives used 14 inch disks, but now they use 5 1/4inch, 3 1/2 inch,2 1/2inch, and 1 4/5inch diameters. In contrast to the floppy disk drive, hard disk drives hold from 80 megabytes to gigabytes and terabytes of information. When purchasing a hard disk, consider storage capacity and seek time, a measure of a hard disk’s access speed. The smaller the numbers, the faster the disk. In the past, 65 milliseconds was the standard access time, but today the standard is less than 7 milliseconds.

起初,这些磁盘驱动器使用14英寸的磁盘,但现在他们使用5 1/4英寸,3 1/2英寸,2 1/2英寸,14/5英寸直径的磁盘。与软盘驱动器相反，硬盘驱动器拥有从80字节到千兆字节和兆兆字节的信息。购买硬盘时,考虑存储容量和寻道时间用来衡量硬盘的访问速度。数字越小,硬盘访问速度越快。在过去,65毫秒是标准的访问时间,但是今天这个标准小于7毫秒。

How Is Data Stored on a Hard Disk?

数据如何在硬盘上存储呢？

Storing data on hard disks is similar to storing data on diskettes. In order to read or write data on the surface of the spinning disk platter, the disk drives are designed with access arms, or actuators. The access arms, or actuators, contain one or more read/write heads per disk surface. As the disk rotates at a high rate of speed, usually 3,600 revolution per minute, the read/write heads move across its surface. These read/write heads float on a cushion of air and do not actually touch the surface of the disk. The distance between the head and the surface varies from approximately ten to twenty millionths of an inch. If some form of contamination is introduced or if the alignment of the read/write heads is altered by something accidentally jarring the computer, the disk head can collide and damage the disk surface, causing a loss of data. This event is known as a head crash. Because of the time needed to repair the disk and to reconstruct the data that was lost, head crashes can be extremely costly to users in terms of both time and money.

将数据存储在硬盘上类似于在磁盘上存储数据。为了在旋转的磁盘表面读或写数据,磁盘驱动器的设计提供设备或制动器。存储设备或制动器,每一个磁盘表面包含一个或多个读/写磁头。当磁盘以高速旋转,通常每分钟3600转,读/写头在其表面移动。这些读/写头漂浮在空气垫上,不是真正地接触到磁盘的表面。头和表面之间的距离从大约十到20/20百万英寸不等。如果一些污染的形式被侵入或读/写磁头的排列是被电脑的意外震动所改变，磁盘头可以碰撞和损坏磁盘表面,造成数据丢失。这个事件被称为磁头冲撞。因为修复磁盘所需的时间和重建丢失的数据,磁头碰撞对于用户来说在时间和金钱上都是昂贵的。

How Is Data Physical Organized on a Hard Disk?

在硬盘上数据如何物理地组织在一起？

Depending on the type of disk drive, data is physically organized in one of two ways. One way is the sector method and the other is the cylinder method.

取决于磁盘驱动的种类，数据通过一种或两种方式被物理地组织起来。一种办法是扇区法另一种方法是柱面法。

The sector method for physically organizing data on disks divides each track on the disk surface into individual storage areas called sectors. Each sectors can contain a specified number of bytes. Data is referenced by indicating the surface, track, and sector where the data is stored.

在磁盘上物理组织数据的扇区法，将磁盘表面的每一个磁道划分成为单个的存储区域，称之为扇区。每一个扇区可以包含规定数目的比特数。数据表明表面、跟踪和行业数据存储的地方。数据通过数据存储的表面、磁道、扇区指示被引用。

With the cylinder method, all tracks of the same number on each recording surface are considered part of the same cylinder. For example, the fifth track on all surfaces would be considered part of cylinder five. All twentieth tracks would be part of cylinder twenty and so on. When the computer requests data from a disk using the cylinder method, it must specify the cylinder, recording surface, and record number. Because the access arms containing the read/write heads all move together, they are always over the same track on all surfaces. Thus, using the cylinder method to record data down the disk surfaces reduces the movement of the read/write head during both reading and writing of data.

使用柱面法,相同数量的所有磁道在每个记录表面上被认为是同一柱面的一部分。例如,所有表面的第五磁道将被视为柱面5的一部分。所有第20磁道将会成为二十柱面的一部分等等。当计算机使用柱面法请求数据,它必须指定柱面,记录表面,并记录数量。因为包含读/写磁头的访问设备一起移动,它们总是在所有表面的同一轨道。因此,在读写数据时，使用柱面的方法在磁盘表面记录数据减少读/写磁头的运动。

Advantage of Using a Hard Disk on a Personal Computer

使用个人电脑硬盘的优势

A hard drive on a personal computer provides many advantages for users. Because of its large storage capacity, a hard disk can store many software application programs and data files. When a user wants to run a particular application or access a particular data file on a hard disk, it is always available. The user does not have to find the appropriate diskette and insert it into the drive. In addition, the faster access time of a hard disk reduces the time needed to load programs and access data.

个人电脑上的硬盘驱动为用户提供了许多优势。因为它的存储容量大,硬盘可以存储很多软件应用程序和数据文件。当用户想要运行一个特定的应用程序或访问一个特定的硬盘上的数据文件,它总是可用的。用户的确不必再找到合适的磁盘,并将其插入到驱动器。此外,硬盘的更快的访问时间减少加载程序和访问数据所需的时间。

Enormous quantities of information are stored on optical disks by using a laser to burn microscopic holes on the surface of a hard plastic disk.

通过使用激光烧录硬塑料磁盘表面上的微孔巨大数量的信息存储在光盘上。

A lower power laser reads the disk by reflecting light off the disk surface. The reflected light is converted into a series of bits that the computer can process.

低功率激光通过磁盘表面反射光线读取磁盘。反射的光转换成一系列的计算机可以处理的二进制数据。

A full-size, 14-inch optical disk can store 6.8 billion bytes of information. The smaller disks, just under five inches in diameter, can store over 800 million characters, or approximately 1,100 times the data that can be stored on a standard density 3 1/2 inch diskette. That’s enough space to store approximately 400,000 pages of typed data. The smaller optical disks are called CD-ROM, an acronym for compact disk read-only memory. They use the same laser technology that is used for the CD-ROM disks that have become popular for recorded music.

一个全尺寸的,14英寸的光盘可以存储68亿字节的信息。较小的磁盘,直径不到5英寸,可以存储超过8亿个字符,或可以存储在一个标准的密度3 1/2英寸软盘中存储1100次数据。对于存储大约400000页的输入数据这是足够的空间。较小的光碟被称为cd - rom光盘只读存储器的缩写。他们使用相同的激光技术,用于记录音乐的cd - rom光盘,已成为流行。一个全尺寸的,14英寸的光盘可以存储68亿字节的信息。较小的磁盘,直径不到5英寸,可以存储超过8亿字符,或约1100次的数据可以存储在一个标准的密度3 1/2英寸软盘。这是足够的空间来存储大约400000页的输入数据。较小的光碟被称为cd - rom光盘---只读存储器的缩写。他们使用相同的激光技术用来记录音乐的cd - rom光盘已变得流行。

Most optical disks are prerecorded and cannot be modified by the user. These disks are used for applications such as an auto parts catalog where the information is changed only occasionally, such as once a year, and a new updated optical disk is created.[2] Optical disk devices that provide for one-time recording are called WORM devices, an acronym for write once, read many. Erasable optical disk drives are just starting to be used. The most common erasable optical drives use magneto-optical technology, in which a magnetic field changes the polarity of a spot on the disk that has been heated by a laser.

大多数光碟都预录的,用户不能修改。这些磁盘用于应用程序,例如一个汽车零部件目录的信息只是偶尔改变,如每年一次,就创建一个新的更新光盘。[2]光学磁盘设备,提供一次性记录被称为蠕虫设备,写一次、读很多的缩写。可擦写光盘驱动器刚刚开始被使用。最常见的可擦写光盘驱动器使用磁技术,在这种技术里一个磁盘上的磁场极性变化的位置已经被激光加热。

Because of their tremendous storage capacities, entire catalogs or reference materials can be stored on a single optical disk. Some people predict that disks will someday replace data now stored on film such as

microfiche.

因为他们的巨大的存储容量,所以整个目录或参考资料可以存储在一个光盘。有些人预测,磁盘会有一天会取代现在存储数据的胶卷如缩微平片。

KEY WORDS

auxiliary storage (also called secondary storage) 辅助存储器

diskettes (also called floppy disk)软盘

hard disks 硬盘

optical disks 光盘

track 磁道

sector 扇区

cylinder 柱面

电子信息工程专业课程翻译中英文对照表

电子信息工程专业课程名称中英文翻译对照 （2009级培养计划）

实践环节翻译

高等数学Advanced Mathematics 大学物理College Physics 线性代数Linear Algebra 复变函数与积分变换Functions of Complex Variable and Integral Transforms 概率论与随机过程Probability and Random Process 物理实验Experiments of College Physics 数理方程Equations of Mathematical Physics 电子信息工程概论Introduction to Electronic and Information Engineering 计算机应用基础Fundamentals of Computer Application 电路原理Principles of Circuit 模拟电子技术基础Fundamentals of Analog Electronics 数字电子技术基础Fundamentals of Digital Electronics C语言程序设计The C Programming Language 信息论基础Fundamentals of Information Theory 信号与线性系统Signals and Linear Systems 微机原理与接口技术Microcomputer Principles and Interface Technology 马克思主义基本原理Fundamentals of Marxism 毛泽东思想、邓小平理论 和“三个代表”重要思想 概论 Thoughts of Mao and Deng 中国近现代史纲要Modern Chinese History 思想道德修养与法律基 础 Moral Education & Law Basis 形势与政策Situation and Policy 英语College English 体育Physical Education 当代世界经济与政治Modern Global Economy and Politics 卫生健康教育Health Education 心理健康知识讲座Psychological Health Knowledge Lecture 公共艺术课程Public Arts 文献检索Literature Retrieval 军事理论Military Theory 普通话语音常识及训练Mandarin Knowledge and Training 大学生职业生涯策划 （就业指导） Career Planning (Guidance of Employment ) 专题学术讲座Optional Course Lecture 科技文献写作Sci-tech Document Writing 高频电子线路High-Frequency Electronic Circuits 通信原理Communications Theory 数字信号处理Digital Signal Processing 计算机网络Computer Networks 电磁场与微波技术Electromagnetic Field and Microwave

电子技术专业英语翻译

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电子专业词汇的中英文对照 电路的基本概念及定律 电源source 电压源voltage source 电流源current source 理想电压源ideal voltage source 理想电流源ideal current source 伏安特性volt-ampere characteristic 电动势electromotive force 电压voltage 电流current 电位potential 电位差potential difference 欧姆Ohm 伏特Volt 安培Ampere 瓦特Watt 焦耳Joule 电路circuit 电路元件circuit element 电阻resistance 电阻器resistor 电感inductance 电感器inductor 电容capacitance 电容器capacitor 电路模型circuit model 参考方向reference direction 参考电位reference potential 欧姆定律Ohm’s law 基尔霍夫定律Kirchhoff’s law 基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s voltage law（KVL）基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff’s current law（KCL） 结点node 支路branch 回路loop 网孔mesh 支路电流法branch current analysis 网孔电流法mesh current analysis 结点电位法node voltage analysis 电源变换source transformations 叠加原理superposition theorem 网络network 无源二端网络passive two-terminal network 有源二端网络active two-terminal network 戴维宁定理Thevenin’s theorem 诺顿定理Norton’s theorem 开路（断路）open circuit 短路short circuit 开路电压open-circuit voltage 短路电流short-circuit current 交流电路 直流电路direct current circuit (dc)交流电路alternating current circuit (ac) 正弦交流电路sinusoidal a-c circuit 平均值average value 有效值effective value 均方根值root-mean-squire value (rms) 瞬时值instantaneous value 电抗reactance 感抗inductive reactance

电子信息工程本科毕业中英文翻译

英语原文： Life of LED-Based White Light Sources The interest for using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for display and illumination applications has been growing steadily over the past few years. The potential for long life and reduced energy use are two key attributes of this rapidly evolving technology that have generated so much interest for its use in the above mentioned applications. Traditionally, the lamp life of light sources commonly used in illumination applications is determined by subjecting them to a predetermined on/off cycle until half the number of light sources cease to produce light. Unlike these sources, LEDs rarely fail catastrophically; instead, their light output slowly degrades over time. Even if an LED is technically operating and producing light, at some point the amount of light produced by the LED will be insufficient for the intended application. Therefore, the life of an LED should be based on the amount of time that the device can produce sufficient light for the intended application,rather than complete failure. Based on this argument, a recent publication from an industry group defines the life of an LED device or system for use in general lighting applications as the operating time, in hours, for the light output to reach 70% of its initial value. The most widely used white LEDs incorporate a layer of phosphor over a GaN-based, short-wavelength light emitter. Usually, the phosphor is embedded inside an epoxy resin that surrounds the LED die. Some portion of the short-wavelength radiation emitted by the LED is down-converted by the phosphor, and the combined radiation creates white light.Early white LEDs were packaged similar to the indicator-style colored LEDs, specifically 5 mm and SMD (surface mount devices). Although these products demonstrated the concept of a white light source, they did not produce sufficient light for display and illumination applications. Furthermore, these indicator-style white LEDs had a relatively short life, 5000–10 000h to reach 70% light level under normal operating conditions. To address the higher luminous flux requirements, manufacturers have started to commercialize high-power illuminator LEDs that are presently producing over one hundred times the flux compared to indicator-style white LEDs. The higher light output is

电子信息工程专业英语词汇(精华整理版)

transistor n 晶体管 diode n 二极管semiconductor n 半导体 resistor n 电阻器 capacitor n 电容器 alternating adj 交互的 amplifier n 扩音器，放大器integrated circuit 集成电路 linear time invariant systems 线性时不变系统voltage n 电压，伏特数 tolerance n 公差；宽容；容忍condenser n 电容器；冷凝器dielectric n 绝缘体；电解质electromagnetic adj 电磁的 adj 非传导性的 deflection n偏斜；偏转；偏差 linear device 线性器件 the insulation resistance 绝缘电阻 anode n 阳极，正极 cathode n 阴极 breakdown n 故障；崩溃 terminal n 终点站；终端，接线端emitter n 发射器 collect v 收集，集聚，集中insulator n 绝缘体，绝热器oscilloscope n 示波镜；示波器 gain n 增益，放大倍数 forward biased 正向偏置 reverse biased 反向偏置 P-N junction PN结 MOS（metal-oxide semiconductor）金属氧化物半导体 enhancement and exhausted 增强型和耗尽型 integrated circuits 集成电路 analog n 模拟 digital adj 数字的，数位的horizontal adj, 水平的，地平线的vertical adj 垂直的，顶点的amplitude n 振幅，广阔，丰富attenuation n衰减；变薄；稀薄化multimeter n 万用表 frequency n 频率，周率 the cathode-ray tube 阴极射线管 dual-trace oscilloscope 双踪示波器 signal generating device 信号发生器 peak-to-peak output voltage 输出电压峰峰值sine wave 正弦波 triangle wave 三角波 square wave 方波 amplifier 放大器，扩音器 oscillator n 振荡器 feedback n 反馈，回应 phase n 相，阶段，状态 filter n 滤波器，过滤器 rectifier n整流器；纠正者 band-stop filter 带阻滤波器 band-pass filter 带通滤波器 decimal adj 十进制的，小数的hexadecimal adj/n十六进制的 binary adj 二进制的；二元的octal adj 八进制的 domain n 域；领域 code n代码，密码，编码v编码 the Fourier transform 傅里叶变换 Fast Fourier Transform 快速傅里叶变换microcontroller n 微处理器；微控制器assembly language instrucions n 汇编语言指令 chip n 芯片，碎片 modular adj 模块化的；模数的 sensor n 传感器 plug vt堵，塞，插上n塞子，插头，插销coaxial adj 同轴的，共轴的 fiber n 光纤relay contact 继电接触器 single instruction programmer 单指令编程器 dedicated manufactures programming unit 专 供制造厂用的编程单元 beam n （光线的）束，柱，梁 polarize v（使）偏振，（使）极化 Cathode Ray Tube（CRT）阴极射线管 neuron n神经元；神经细胞 fuzzy adj 模糊的 Artificial Intelligence Shell 人工智能外壳程序 Expert Systems 专家系统 Artificial Intelligence 人工智能 Perceptive Systems 感知系统 neural network 神经网络 fuzzy logic 模糊逻辑 intelligent agent 智能代理 electromagnetic adj 电磁的 coaxial adj 同轴的，共轴的 microwave n 微波 charge v充电，使充电 insulator n 绝缘体，绝缘物 nonconductive adj非导体的，绝缘的 antenna n天线；触角 modeling n建模，造型 simulation n 仿真；模拟 prototype n 原型 array n 排队，编队 vector n 向量，矢量 wavelet n 微波，小浪 sine 正弦cosine 余弦 inverse adj倒转的，反转的n反面；相反v 倒转 high-performance 高精确性，高性能 two-dimensional 二维的；缺乏深度的 three-dimensional 三维的；立体的；真实的 object-oriented programming面向对象的程序 设计 spectral adj 光谱的 attenuation n衰减；变薄；稀释 distortion n 失真，扭曲，变形 wavelength n 波长 refractive adj 折射的 ATM 异步传输模式Asynchronous Transfer Mode ADSL非对称用户数字线Asymmetric digital subscriber line VDSL甚高速数字用户线very high data rate digital subscriber line HDSL高速数据用户线high rate digital subscriber line FDMA频分多址(Frequency Division Multiple Access) TDMA时分多址(Time Division Multiple Access) CDMA同步码分多址方式(Code Division Multiple Access) WCDMA宽带码分多址移动通信系统(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access) TD-SCDMA(Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access)时分同步码分多址 SDLC(synchronous data link control)同步数据 链路控制 HDLC(high-level data link control)高级数据链路 控制 IP/TCP(internet protocol /transfer Control Protocol)网络传输控制协议 ITU (International Telecommunication Union) 国际电信联盟 ISO国际标准化组织（International Standardization Organization）； OSI开放式系统互联参考模型（Open System Interconnect） GSM全球移动通信系统（Global System for Mobile Communications） GPRS通用分组无线业务(General Packet Radio Service) FDD(frequency division duplex)频分双工 TDD(time division duplex)时分双工 VPI虚路径标识符（Virtual Path Identifier）； ISDN（Integrated Services Digital Network）综 合业务数字网 IDN综合数字网（integrated digital network） HDTV (high definition television)高清晰度电视 DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform)离散余弦变换 VCI(virtual circuit address)虚通路标识 MAN城域网Metropolitan area networks LAN局域网local area network WAN广域网wide area network 同步时分复用STDM Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing 统计时分复用STDM Statistical Time Division Multiplexing 单工传输simplex transmission 半双工传输half-duplex transmission 全双工传输full-duplex transmission 交换矩阵Switching Matrix 电路交换circuit switching 分组交换packet switching 报文交换message switching 奇偶校验parity checking 循环冗余校验CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check 虚过滤Virtual filter 数字滤波digital filtering 伪随机比特Quasi Random Bit 带宽分配Bandwidth allocation 信源information source 信宿destination 数字化digitalize 数字传输技术Digital transmission technology 灰度图像Grey scale images 灰度级Grey scale level 幅度谱Magnitude spectrum 相位谱Phase spectrum 频谱frequency spectrum 智能设备Smart Device 软切换Soft handover 硬切换Hard Handover 相干检测Coherent detection 边缘检测Edge detection 冲突检测collision detection 业务集合service integration 业务分离/综合service separation/ integration 网络集合network integration 环形网Ring networks 令牌环网Token Ring network 网络终端Network Terminal 用户终端user terminal 用户电路line circuit 电路利用率channel utilization（通道利用率） 相关性coherence 相干解调coherent demodulation 数字图像压缩digital image compression 图像编码image encoding 有损/无损压缩lossy/lossless compression 解压decompression 呼叫控制Call Control 误差控制error control 存储程序控制stored program control 存储转发方式store-and-forward manner 语音\视频传输voice\video transmission 视频点播video-on-demand(VOD) 会议电视Video Conference 有线电视cable television 量化quantization 吞吐量throughput 话务量traffic 多径分集Multipath diversity 多媒体通信MDM Multimedia Communication 多址干扰Multiple Access Interference 人机交互man machine interface 交互式会话Conversational interaction