Participle 分词

Participle

Ex 1. Multiple choice

1. The financial crisis will be the focus of the conference _________ next week.

A. held

B. being held

C. to hold

D. to be held

2. The man _________the students a lecture in the auditorium is an expert in ecology.

A. given

B. giving

C. to give

D. who giving

3. As everyone must attend an urgent meeting this weekend, the arrangement ______

the museum has to be called off.

A. visiting

B. visited

C. to visit

D. visit

4. Your driver has driven away your car __________yesterday.

A. repaired

B. to be repaired

C. being repaired

D. repairing

5. There are at least 500 people _________ away by the noise of the planes.

A. driven

B. driving

C. to drive

D. to be driven

6. The old people ___________ morning exercises in the park get up as early as 5:30 every day.

A. to do

B. doing

C. done

D. who doing

7. Tom was the quickest student __________ the difficult math problem.

A. working out

B. worked out

C. work out

D. to work out

8. The temptation _________ on tests was so great that very few students could resist it.

A. cheating

B. to cheat

C. that cheat

D. people cheated

9. The girl ___________ a red sweater is a tour guide on this journey to Tibet.

A. wearing

B. to wear

C. worn

D. wear

10. There is still a pile of work for him __________ before he can go to bed.

A. finishing

B. to finish

C. finished

D. to be finished

11. His reluctance ______________ turned all his friends against him.

A. helping

B. to be helped

C. helped

D. to help

12. More traffic will be able to pass on the ________ road.

A. widening

B. widened

C. to widen

D. having widened

Ex. 2. Multiple choice

1.In this way these insects show an efficient use of their ________ ability, organizing two

sounds delivered at a high rate as one call.

a. sound-produced

b. sound-producing

c. producing-sound

d. produced-sound

2.If a ________ balloon is brought near a flame, it will explode.

a. hydrogen-filled

b. hydrogen-filling

c. filling-hydrogen

d. filled-hydrogen

3.You would be ________ if you thought that the problem was so cut and dried; in reality, it

is much more complicated.

a. narrowly-minded

b. narrow-minding

c. narrow-minded

d. narrowly-minding

4.With the deepening of the reform, more and more ___________ enterprises appear in

costal areas.

a. private-owned

b. privately-owning

c. owned privately

d. privately-owned

5.Because the diamond is the hardest _________ substance, it is used in industry for cutting,

grinding, and boring other hard materials.

a. natural occurring

b. natural occurred

c. naturally-occurring

d. naturally occurred

6.The __________ economy at the turn of the century was due in large part to the influx of

thousands of immigrants.

a. rapid growing

b. rapidly grown

c. rapid grown

d. rapidly growing

7.Our task is to catch up with the ___________ countries by the middle of the 21 century.

a. moderately-developed a. moderately-developing

c. moderate- developed

d. moderate- developing

8.The Hanis are a _________ and ___________ ethnic group in Y unnan.

a. rice-planted; mountain-dwelling

b. rice-planting; mountain-dwelling

c. rice-planted, mountain-dwelled

d. rice-planting; mountain-dwelled

9.Little Hans was a ___________ and __________ person.

a. well-natured; easy-going

b. a well-natured; easily-going

c. good-natured; easily-going

d. good-natured; easy-going

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2a15659636.html,puters are a __________ weapon, so we should try to make use of their advantages

and avoid their disadvantages.

a. two-edge

b. two-edging

c. two-edged

d. two edges

Ex 3. Multiple choice

1.______ an answer, they decided to send an express telegram to them.

a. Having received not

b. Not received

c. Received not

d. Not having received

2.Niagara Falls is a great tourist attraction, _____millions of visitors every year.

a. to draw

b. drawing

c. to be drawn

d. draws

3.The question ______ tomorrow is whether income tax should be increased.

a. to debate

b. to be debated

c. debated

d. that it will be debated

4.The speech which he made _____ the project has bothered me greatly.

a. being concerned

b. concerned

c. be concerned

d. concerning

5.This crop has similar qualities to the previous one, ____ both wind-resistant and adapted to

the same type of soil.

a. being

b. been

c. to be

d. having been

6.After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute ________.

a. being settled

b. to be settled

c. had settled

d. as settled

7.Don’t get your schedule ______; stay with us in this class.

a. to change

b. changing

c. changed

d. change

8.No matter how frequently ______, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.

a. performing

b. performed

c. to be performed

d. being performed

9.The guard walked through train ______ everybody’s ticket.

a. inspecting

b. inspected

c. being inspected

d. to be inspected

10.______ with the picture, Mary tore it to pieces.

a. Dissatisfying thoroughly

b. To dissatisfy thoroughly

c. Being thoroughly dissatisfied

d. To be thoroughly dissatisfied

11._______ nothing to talk about, the head said good-bye and went out of the room.

a. There was

b. Being

c. As there being

d. There being

12.With such a strong wind ______, the wire may break at any time.

a. blows

b. blowing

c. blew

d. is blowing

13.______ left before the deadline, I am afraid I can’t finish the experiment on time.

a. Although such a short time

b. It is such a short time

c. With so short time

d. with such a short time

14.The article opens and closes with descriptions of two new reports, each _____ one major

point in contrast with the other.

a. makes

b. made

c. is to make

d. making

15.As a pianist, he can hardly stand hearing a piano ___________ so badly.

a. playing

b. being played

c. to play

d. having played

16.One should never lose one’s heart when ______ temporary difficulties.

a. confronted with

b. confront with

c. confronting with

d. confronted

17.To everyone’s surprise, the meeting ended, with nothing _________.

a. settled

b. being settled

c. settling

d. to settle

18._______ from general worker-protection laws, women workers are also satisfied with

special laws designed to protect them.

a. Being benefited

b. Benefiting

c. Benefited

d. Being benefited

19.Efforts should be made to cultivate a business and legal environment ______ fair

competition between national industries and foreign-funded enterprises.

a. facilitate

b. facilitated

c. facilitating

d. to be facilitating

20.Everything _________ into consideration, Bob is more suitable for the job.

a. taking

b. being taken

c. to be taken

d. taken

21.They were pushed into battle ____________.

a. unprepared

b. unpreparedly

c. not preparing it

d. without preparing it

22.Arriving at the bus stop, __________ waiting there.

a. a lot of people were

b. he found a lot of people

c. a lot of people

d. people were found

23.He noticed the helicopter hovering over the field. Then to his astonishment, he saw a rope

ladder _______ out and three men climbing down it.

a. throwing

b. being thrown

c. having thrown

d. having been thrown

24.This missile is designed so that once ________ nothing can be done to retrieve it.

a. fired

b. being fired

c. they fired

d. having fired

25._______________, he can now only watch it on TV at home.

a. Obtaining not a ticket for the match

b. Not obtained a ticket for the match

c.Not having obtained a ticket for the match

d. Not obtaining a ticket for the match

26.______at in this way,the present economic situation doesn’t seem so gloomy.

a. Looking

b. Looked

c. Having looked

d. To look

27.__________________ is not a serious disadvantage in life.

a. To be not tall

b. Not to be tall

c. Being not tall

d. Not being tall

28.It will take us twenty minutes to get to the railway station, ___________ traffic delays.

a. acknowledging

b. affording

c. allowing for

d. accounting for

29.If not _________ with the respect he feels due to him, Jack gets very ill-tempered and

grumbles all the time.

a. being treated

b. treated

c. be treated

d. having been treated

30.She was standing outside in the snow, __________ with cold.

a. spinning

b. shivering

c. shaking

d. staggering

Participle – key

Ex 1.

1-12 DBCAA BDBAB DB

Ex.2.

1-10 BACDC DA BDC

Ex 3

1-10 DBBDA DCBAC 11-20 DBDDB AABCD 21-30 ABBAC BDCBB

14.突破语法知识—非谓语动词之现在分词-讲义

14.突破语法知识—非谓语动词之现在分词 一、动词-ing形式概述 动词-ing形式包括现在分词（the present participle）和动名词，是三种非谓语动词之一。 现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。 动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。 动词-ing形式的功能 动词-ing的形式： 1.He hurried home,looking behind as he went. 2.Having finished their work,they had a rest. 3.The large building being built is a library. 4.Having been shown the lab,we were taken to see the library. 二、现在分词的两个基本特点 1、在时间上表示动作正在进行

There are many sleeping students in class. 2、在语态上表示主动 Feeling the lesson is boring,the students are sleepy. 三、现在分词的构成 1、一般动词，变化：加+ing，例子：wash——washing，read——reading 2、以不发音字母e结尾的动词，变化：去掉e，再加+ing，例如：make——making write——writing use——using 3、以重读闭音节结尾的动词且末尾只有一个辅音字母，变化：双写最后的辅音字母，再加+ing，例如：run——running，swim——swimming，put——putting 4、以ie结尾的动词，变化：改ie为y，再加+ing，例如：lie——lying,die——dying，tie——tying 5、以c结尾的动词，变化：变c为ck，再加+ing，例子：picnic→picnicking，traffic→trafficking（例外：arc 作弧形运动，arcing） 6、以l结尾的动词，变化：如果动词原形以非重读音节结尾，则末尾的字母l双写与不双写均可。其中不双写的是美式拼写。 tavel→travelling/traveling(U.S.) 7、以x、w、y结尾的动词，直接加ing。例如： 原词：fix+ing→fixing（修理） 原词：follow+ing→follow（跟随） 原词：employ+ing→employing（雇用） 8、例外（双写辅音字母和直接加ing），单音节单词中有两个元音的动词无需双写n。 原词：iron+ing→ironing（熨烫） 9、以元音字母加e结尾，或以e结尾，且e发音的动词（ee,oe,ye），直接加ing。例如： 原词：be+ing→being（做） 原词：see+ing→seeing（看见）

现在分词作状语详解

教学目标：讲解现在分词作状语及区分不定式、现在分词作状语的异同 重点难点： 1.现在分词和不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。 2.分词作状语时，要看它同句子主语之间的关系，以确定是现在分词还是过去分词。 3.注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定分词的时态形式 4、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式. 5. 连词+分词形式（分词作状语的省略问题） 6.不定式作结果状语和现在分词作结果状语的区别。 7. 现在分词的独立主格结构和评价性状语 Step 1 lead in 朗读下面一首唐诗，找出其中的现在分词形式 Thinking in the Silent Night 静夜思 Before my bed there is bright moonlight 床前明月光 So that it seems that frost on the ground. 疑是地上霜 Lifting my head, I watch the bright moonlight. 举头望明月 Lowering my head, I dream tha t I’m home. 低头思故乡 Step2 现在分词作状语的意义 动词的现在分词作状语，修饰动词，相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况及独立成分等，作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。 一. -ing分词短语作时间状语，代替一个时间状语从句(引导词有when ,while ) 温馨提示： 1．现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when, while引出。 2．现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生时。如： When she saw those pictures，she remembered her childhood. =Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。 As soon as he heard the good news, he jumped with joy. =（0n）Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 他一听到这个好消息，就高兴地跳起来。 二．-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。(引导词有because ,as ,since) 如：As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday =Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 三．-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。(引导词有if,unless,once) If you work hard, you will succeed. =Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。 If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.

现在分词作状语的用法

现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词作状语： ①现在分词doing所代表的动作或状态与谓语动词是同时 或几乎是同时发生的，可以作时间、原因、方式、条件、结 果、目的、让步、伴随等状语。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主 语。如： Rushing out of the house, he was knocked down by a car. 他一冲出屋子就被一辆车撞倒了。 My cousin went to Shenzhen, hoping to find a job there. 我表兄去深圳了，希望在那儿找份工作。 The child fell，striking his head against the door. 小孩摔了一跤，头在门上碰了一下。 In the last few years, the country has had a hard time, suffering several killer quakes. 过去几年里，这 个国家经历了艰难的时期，遭受了几次致命的地震。 Being spring, the flowers are in full bloom. 因为是春天，所以花都盛开着。

②有些分词作状语，没有逻辑上的主语，已成为习惯用法：considering, judging from, talking of, allowing for(考虑到), generally/frankly/honestly/roughly/strictly speaking, assuming that(假设)等。如： Talking of this film, its wonderful. 说到这部电影，好极了。 Assuming that it is true, what should we do now 假定那是真的, 我们现在该怎麽办 Judging by the direction of the wind, it wont rain today. 根据风向测度, 今天不会下雨。 Social psychology, strictly speaking, deals with the behavior of people in groups. 严格地说, 社会心理学研究人们的群体行为。

英语语法--巧辨现在分词和动名词

巧辨现在分词和动名词 一、现在分词和动名词作定语时，主要从它们的意义、重读和位置三方面来区别。 ①现在分词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词正在进行的动作，二者在逻辑上有主谓关系,因而可扩展为定语从句，读时都要重读。例如: a crying baby( =a baby who is crying) the boiling water( = the water that is boiling) ②动名词作定语时，表示它所修饰的名词的用途、所属关系等，不存在逻辑上的主谓关系，因而不能扩展为定语从句，只能扩展为一个表示用途的介词短语，读时只重读动名词。例如: a bathing suit( = a suit for bathing)一件游泳衣 drinking water( = water for drinking)饮用水 现在分词作定语时，可以后置，而动名词只能放在所修饰的名词前边。 例如: On the day fllowing( = on the ollowing day)he left for New York.业(现在分词) Do you have any listening materials? (动名词)

二、现在分词和动名词作表语的辨别方法: ①提问法 能用how对表语提问的是现在分词;能用what提问的是动名词。例如:My job is interesting. (How is your job?) My job is teaching. ( What is your job?) ②位置对调法 将表语和主语位置对调，句子仍然成立，且意思通顺的为动名词:香则，为现在分词。例如: My job is iteresting. Interesting is my job. (不成立) My job is teaching. →Teaching is my job. (成立) The ant queen's full time job is laying eggs. →Laying eggs is the ant queen'sfull-time job. ( 成立) ③成分添加法 表语后能带宾语和状语的是动名词;表语前面能加上副词( very ,quite,so等)或more，most加以修饰的则是现在分词。例如: My job is more interesting than yours. ( 现在分词)

英语现在分词

英语现在分词 Final approval draft on November 22, 2020

现在分词的构成方法 (1)一般情况下，在动词后加-ing构成：work--working,sleep--sleeping,wait--waiting等。 (2)在不发音的-e结尾动词去掉e后再加-ing：smile--smiling,move-movingtake-takingmake--making等。 (3)以重读闭音节或r音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母再加-ing：sit--sitting,plan--planning,refer--referring,occur—occurring,begin—beginning,beg—begging,cut—cutting,get—getting,hit—hitting,let— letting,swim-swimming,permit-permittingstop-stopping,drop-dropping,dig-digging,win-winning,run-running,put-putting,admit-admitting，shop--shopping,fit--fitting,forget--forgetting,spit--spitting (4)以字母ie结尾的动词，通常将ie改为y，再加ing：die--dying,lie--lying,tie--tying等。 (5)以字母l结尾动词，若末尾一个音节为重读音节，则必须双写l再加ing，如 control--controlling，但若末尾一个音节为非重读音节，则可双写l(英国英语)或不双写l(美国英语)，如:travel—traveling/travelling。 cut--cutting切put--putting放swim--swimming游泳begin--beginning开始get--getting得到，获得forget--forgetting忘记hit--hitting打，击，撞spit-- spitting吐痰run--running跑sit--sitting坐babysit--babysitting临时照看婴儿split--splitting分裂shut--shutting关闭win--winning赢shop--shopping购物stop--stopping停止drop--dropping落下dip--dipping浸dig--digging挖plan--planning计划prefer--preferring更喜欢refer--referring查阅，参考let--letting 让trip--tripping绊倒step--stepping踩，踏rob--robbing抢劫set--setting设置nod--nodding点头fit--fitting合适regret--regretting后悔rot--rotting腐烂spot--spotting玷污slip--slipping滑倒wrap--wrapping包装 vs.及物动词Vi.不及物动词N.名词adv.副词Adj.形容词prep.介词Pron.代词Conj.连词Num.数词 illness患病haveafever发烧hurt疼痛haveacold感冒haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼haveasorethroat喉咙疼

分词做状语用法总结

外教一对一https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2a15659636.html, 分词做状语用法总结 一、表时间 Turning around, she saw an ambulance driving up. 她转过身，看见一辆救护车开了过来。 Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner. 在找好旅馆之后，我们就去找吃饭的地方。 Asked why he came late, he said that got up late. 当他被问到为什么来晚了时，他说他起床起晚了。 二、表原因 Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to contact her. 由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。 Having been ill for a long time, he needed time to recover. 由于他病了很长时间，他需要一段恢复的时间。 Moved by their speech, I was at a loss what to say. 被他们的发言感动，我不知说什么好。 三、表条件 Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective. 及时吃，这药会很有效的。 Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, keeping on your feet. 坐下吧，埃玛。你老站着，只会弄得你更累。 Seen in this light, the matter is not as serious as people generally suppose. 如从这个角度看，问题并不像人们一般料想的那样严重。 四、表让步 Although living miles away, he attended the course. 虽然住在几英里以外，他仍去上课。 Defeated, he remained a popular boxer. 虽然被击败了，他仍是一个受欢迎的拳击手。 五、表方式 He earns a living driving a truck. 他靠开卡车谋取生。 I’m returning you letter as requested. 我按要求给你退信。 六、表伴随 I offered them something to eat, thinking they might be hungry. 我给了他们一些东西吃，心想他们可能会饿。 They came in, followed by their wives. 他们走了进来，后面跟着他们的妻子。

冀教版初中英语七年级上册语法动名词和现在分词的区别教案

湖南省娄底市双峰县曾国藩实验学校初中英语语法《动名词和现在 分词的区别》教案 V-ing 的非谓语动词用法: 动名词和现在分词的区别 一、V-ing作动名词时具有名词的特征,因而在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、定语,有时它可以有自己的逻辑主语,也可以有时态和语态形式。如: 1. 作主语、表语 动名词作主语和表语表示泛指。如: Tom's not having finished his homework made his teac her angry. 汤姆没有完成作业使老师很生.(主语) Her job is keeping the offices clean. 她的工作是保持办公室清洁。(表语) 2. 作宾语 动名词常跟在某些动词如enjoy, finish, mind, can't help(禁不住), suggest(建议), advise, consider(考虑), practise, admit, imagine 等以及含介词的短语动词insist on, stop...from, look forward to, pay attention to等后面作宾语。如: Do you mind my smoking here? 你介意我在这儿吸烟吗? 3. 作定语 动名词作定语时表示被修饰词的用途和作用。如: Don't forget to take a shopping basket with you. 别忘了带上购物篮子。 a sleeping baby (一个正在睡觉的baby) baby可以睡觉--动作性--现在分词 a sleeping car.（卧车）车不可以睡觉--名词性---动名词 二、V-ing作现在分词充当非谓语动词时,它主要在句中充当定语、表语、宾补、主补及状语。如: 1. 作定语 现在分词作定语时表示该动作正在进行，现在分词与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系。单个现在分词作定语通常放在被修饰词的前面.现在分词短语作定语则放在被修饰词之后。如: The rising sun looks very beautiful. 冉冉升起的太阳看上去很美。 若被修饰词与现在分词是被动关系时,须用现在分词的被动式(being done)作定语。如: The song being broadcas t is very popular with the young students. 正在播放的 歌曲深受青年学生的欢迎。 现在分词与动名词作定语的区别: 现在分词与所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系,而动 名词作定语表示作用与用途。如: Let sleeping dogs lie. 别招惹麻烦。(现在分词。相当于定语从句 which are sleeping) I think some sleeping pills may help you. 我想安眠药可以助你入睡。(动名词.表示用途,相当于pills for sleeping) 2. 作表语 现在分词作表语表示主语的性质,这时通常可以看作形容词,可以用very, so或much等 修饰。如: The news that our team had been beaten by them in the match was very surprising. 我们队在比赛中被他们打败的消息让人感到很意外。 The sound we heard last night was so frightening. 我们昨晚听到的声音令人恐怖。

分词做状语详细例句

分词做状语详细例句 1时间状语 Seeing from the top of the hill ,we can see the park clearly Seen from the top of the hill ,the park is beautiful Seeing her mother ,the baby stopped crying Seeing the cat ,the moust ran away Seeing from the space, the earth looks green Hearing his father’s voice ,the boy turned off the TV set at once Hearing their teache’s voice, the puiples stopped talking at once Having finished his homework, the boy went to bed ~ Having been shown Tianan’men Square ,the tourists were taken to visit the Palace Museum Having arrived at the farm ,the set to work immediately Having watered the flowers ,he had a rest When crossing the street ,be careful On hearing the good news ,they all jumped with joy 2 原因状语 Being poor ,he couldn’t afford to buy the car Being a teacher ,she is very kind to her students Being ill ,the boy didn’t go to school this morning Not knowing his address ,I can’t get touch with him > Taken good care of ,the old man is living a happy life Berried deep down in the earth ,the dead forests rotten away and became coal Having lived in the city for many years ,he knows the city very well Having received his letter ,he decided to write back Having been bitten by a snake ,she was frightened at it Having been told to stay in Beijing ,the young man decided not to go back his hometown Not having received a reply ,he decided to write a letter again Caught in a heavy rain ,he was all wet 3伴随状语 The old man often takes a walk ,followed by his dog ] The dog often takes a walk ,following its owner She came in the room ,following her husband She came in the room ,followed bu her husband All night long ,he lay awake ,thinking of the problem He sat in the sofa ,read a newspaper He stood there ,waching the children playing games The six blind men stood there ,begging for meal 4让步状语 Living miles away ,he attended the course

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词(现在分词)

英语语法归纳之非谓语动词（现在分词） 敬告： 以下内容，不参加高考等有语法题（语法单选、语法填空、短文改错等）考试的应用类学员无须深究，知道该语法结构的存在，及其充当的句子成分和功能即可，应多花时间练习听说读写，否则就背离了语言学习真正目的。应试类学员有时间可以比较分析，基本搞懂。 现在分词长什么样？就是动词的进行时ing形式； 如果是及物动词，还可以跟它的宾语和补语； 现在分词可以充当定语、状语、补语，是非谓语的动词，不能充当主语、宾语；动词进行时ing形式充当主语或宾语，恰恰是动名词的事儿。 1、现在分词可以充当定语 This is a moving story. The girl standing over there (who is standing over there) is my daughter. 2、现在分词可以充当状语，多为时间状语从 The lawyer listened with full attention, trying not to miss any point. 现在分词引导时间状语从句，相当于： The lawyer listened with full attention, when he tried not to miss any point. Having lived in Beijing for many years, Carter knew the city well. 现在分词引导时间状语从句，相当于： After Carter had lived in Beijing for many years, He knew the city well. 3、现在分词可以充当补语，对主语或宾语进行补充说明 (1) Don’t have your students studying all day. (2) The movie is very interesting.

现在分词用法总结

现在分词 一、基础知识： 现在分词（也叫动名词）：表示主动和进行。 基本形式：doing 否定式：not doing 被动式：being done 完成式：having done 二、具体用法： 1.动名词作主语和宾语： （1）把一个动词变成-ing形式可以当做名词来用，表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作，可在句中充当主语和宾语。 eg: Working with you is a pleasure. I like reading in my free time. （2）可以用it做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面，再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面，这种用法常用于以下句式： ①It is/was no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的/没有好处的。 eg: It’s no use begging for his mercy. It’s no good smoking too much. ②It is/was a waster of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。 eg: It is a waste of time copying others’ homework. ③It is/was worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。 eg: It was worth making the effort. ④There is/was no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有道理的/意义的。 eg: There is no sense in arguing with your wife. ⑤There is/was no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没用的/无意义的。 eg: There is no point in getting angry. ⑥There is no shame in doing sth. 做某事是不丢脸的。 eg: There is no shame in saying sorry to your friends. ⑦There is no telling…无法预言会… eg: There is no telling what will happen. ※注意：动名词作主语时，其前可用名词所有格和形容词性物主代词修饰，即one’s doing sth.作主语。 eg: Tom’s being late again made his teacher angry. My going to Beijing University is my parents’ biggest dream. （3）动名词作宾语分为两种情况：动名词后的宾语和介词后的宾语 ①有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，常见的有： avoid, advise, allow, admit, appreciate, consider, deny, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, risk, escape, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practice, fancy, can’t help, be busy, give up, can’t stand, feel like等。 eg: You must avoid being hurt when crossing the road. ②有些动词后即可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，常见的有： A: start, begin, intend, attempt, continue等后接doing和to do无区别。 B: like, love, prefer, hate等后接doing和to do略有区别，后接doing侧重经常习惯性的行为，后接to do侧重具体的某一次行为。 eg: I like swimming in summer but today I like to see a film at home

分词作状语用法

分词作状语用法就是所有分词用法中最重要的,也就是最难掌握的。 分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。 一、现在分词作状语 一、现在分词作状语,表主动、进行,相当于一个状语从句,根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life、 Being ill, she can't go to work today、 The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping、 1、He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information、 A、hoped B、hoping C、to hope D、hope 2、Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods、 A、seizing; disappeared B、seized; disappeared C、seizing; disappearing D、seized; disappearing 二、现在分词的时态语态 1、现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成,其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。 例如:The students standing there are from Class Three、 The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October、 2、现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成,其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。 例如:Having finished all the work, they had a good rest、 Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down、 Given more time, we will finish the work in time、 3、现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”,被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”,其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。 例如:Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying、 Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity、 1、_______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes、 A、Suffered B、Suffering C、Having suffered D、Being suffered 2、Finding her car stolen, _______、 A、a policeman was asked to help B、the area was searched thoroughly C、it was looked for everywhere D、she hurried to a policeman for help 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词只有一种形式,即done,表被动。 The mother came in, followed by her son、 When heated,water will be turned into steam、 Deeply moved by the film, we all cried、 Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling、 1._____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city、 A、To see B、Seen C、Seeing D、See 2、_____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated、 A、being founded B、Founded C、It was founded D、Founding 三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别 1、分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须就是句子的主语。

(英语语法)现在分词、过去分词和动名词的用法

现在分词和过去分词的用法 1)As Lily missed the bus, she was late for the class. Missing the bus, she was late for the class. 2)As the student was scolded by the teacher, she felt unhappy. scolded by the teacher, she felt unhappy. 一、现在分词 （一）现在分词的定义： 现在分词（Present Participle）(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ，是分词的一种，由动词原形+ing形式组成。具有双重性，一面具有动词的特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语；另一面具有形容词和副词的特征，可以充当表语，定语，状语，补足语，可以表示主动或正在进行的动作，是非谓语动词的一种。 （二）现在分词的功能与用法： 1. 作定语 单个分词作定语时放在所修饰的名词前，分词短语作定语时放在后，并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系。一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句。 e.g. a running boy→ a boy who is running an old man standing there →an old man who is standing there 例如： The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not specific qualifications. A. requiring B. to be required C. being required D. to have required 2. 作补语 只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补: 1）感官动词：see hear watch feel notice observe find listen to look at 2）使役动词：have get make 注意：要想用现在分词来作宾补,只能是用于这些词后,但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词（有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补）。 eg. I saw Thomas playing computer games. Don’t have the students studying all day. 注意：宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者。 3. 作表语 (1) 分词作表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词作表语，一种是过去分词作表语，究竟是用现在分词还是用过去分词作表语是学生们经常困惑的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是－ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用－ed形式。这类词常见的有： interesting 使人感到高兴— interested感到高兴的 exciting令人激动的— excited感到激动的

分词作状语用法小结

分词作状语用法小结 在高中英语语法中，非谓语动词的学习是一个重点，同是也是一个难点。而其中的分词的用法更是重中之重了，掌握了分词的运用对于我们突破阅读理解中的长句子，以及写作水平的提高都会很有帮助，下面就分词作状语的用法作以下总结。 分词在语法功能上相当于形容词和副词，分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间，原因，结果，条件，让步，行为方式，伴随状况等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while 或when引出。（一般情况下过去分词不作结果状 的动作同时发生或两者之间时间间隔并不长。例如： I stayed up very late yesterday, preparing my speech on greenhouse. Hearing the good news, the students were wild with joy. He sends me an e-mail, hoping to get further information. Being written in haste, the composition is full of mistakes. 从所给的例句是我们可以看出，现在分词的一般主动式所表达的是：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是我们常说的主动关系，而其一般被动式却表达的是：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，也就是我们常说的被动关系。并且现在分词的一般被动式一般作原因状语位于句首，请看以下例句：Being a student, he was interested in books. Being very small, computers are widely used. Being tired, I can’t go on walking. 2. 现在分词的完成式：表示分词的动作在句中谓语动词所表示的动作或 状态之前就已发生。例如： Having done the work, he went home. Having worked in the country for three years, he knew how to grow vegetables Having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. Having been deserted by his guide, he could not find his way through the jungle. 从以上例句中我们可以看出，现在分词的完成主动式表达的是：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动词发生。而其完成被动式却表示分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，也是先于谓语动词发生。 3．过去分词：分词与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不强调一定要先于谓语动词之前就已发生。例如： Heated, this kind of wood gives off much smoke. The teacher entered the lab, followed by the students. Given a chance, I can surprise the world. Founded in 1936, Harward is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

分词做状语

分词作状语需要注意的问题: 一. 表示伴随，行为方式 He ran to me, holding a letter in his hand. Accompanied by his friends, he went to the railway station. He scratched his head, wondering how to solve the problem. She came back running. 二．表示时间，相当于when, after 引导的时间状语从句 Seeing this, we became worried. (When we saw this, we became worried.) Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door. (After he took a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.) Heated to 100 degree, water boils. (When water is heated to 100 degree, it boils.) 三．表示原因，背景，状况，相当于because引导的状语从句Not having enough hands, we turned to them for help. Born in a poor family, he had only two years of schooling. Absorbed in his work, he neglected food and sleep. Not having received a reply, he decided to write again. Having finished the experiment, he left the lab. Having been giving such a good chance, hw could she let it slip away. 四．表示条件和假设，相当于if引导的状语从句 Taken in time, the medicine will be quite effective. 五．表示结果 He fell down, striking his head against the ground and hurting it. 六．独立主格形式（分词复合结构或独立结构） 当上述的分词结构中主句的主语不是现在分词的动作发出者或过去分词的动作承受者时，分词有自己的主语 Mother (being) ill, he didn’t go to school. With mother being ill, he didn’t go to school. Cf: Being ill, he didn’t go to school. Weather permitting, we shall go to the city park. Cf: Permitted, we shall go to the city park. The question (being) settled, we wound up the meeting. With the question being settled, we wound up the meeting. He came into the room, his face (being) red with cold. He came into the room, with his face being read with cold.