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英语:没有否定意义的否定句型

没有否定意义的否定句型

英语表达中,有些句子虽然看起来是否定形式,但整个句子表达的却是肯定的意思,这叫“没有否定意义的否定句型”。它是高考命题热点,几乎年年出现,我们切不可掉以轻心,望文生义。现将常考的句型归纳如下:

1.用“ can / could + 否定词+ too + adj./ adv.” 或用“ can / could + 否定词+enough……表

示“再……也不过分,越……越好”。

【考例1】——I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down ——You can never be _____careful in the street.

A.much B.very C.so D.too

【解析】考察习惯句型never be too careful在语言中的运用,句意为“我正沿街骑车,突然一辆车插过来把我撞到了” 。“在街上你千万要小心” 。又如:I can not thank you enough. 我对你感激不尽。故答案为D。

【考例2】——Must I turn off the gas after cooking?

——Of course.You can never be _____careful with that. (2005江西)

A. enough

B.too

C.so

D.very

【解析】never be too careful with 表示“怎样仔细也不为过”。故答案为B。

2.用“否定词(no/not/nothing/never……)+ v + 比较级” ,表示“ 再没有……比……更……” ,从反面来表示“最肯定”的概念,即用比较级表达最高级的意思。

【考例1】Bob ran the 100 metres in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen _____ this year. (2005浙江)

A. the best

B. better

C.the most

D. more

【解析】句子I have not seen better this year = I have seen the best this year,没看到比这更好的,说明Bob 取得了这一年中最好的成绩。故答案为B。

【考例2】——Go for a picnic this weekend, OK?

——_____. I love getting close to nature. (2004福建)

A. I couldn’t agree more

B. I’m afraid not

C. I beli eve not

D. I don’t think so

【解析】“周末去郊游好吗?” “我完全同意,我喜欢亲近大自然” 。答语中I couldn ’ t agree (with sb.) more = I agree with sb. completely, 意思为“与某人意见完全一致” 。故答案为A。【考例3】——Do you think our basketball players played very well yesterday?

——___________.

A. They were not nervous at all

B. They were still young

C. They played naturally

D. They couldn’t have done better

【解析】“你认为我们的篮球队员昨天打得很好吗?” “他们不可能打得更好了”这里They couldn’t have done better = They have played the best.即:昨天他们打得最好了。故答案为D。

3.用“否定词(no/not/nothing/never……)+ v + a /an+比较级+ 单数n” ,意思是“没有……比……更……” ,表示最高级意义。

【考例1】——Did you enjoy yourself at the party?

——Yes. I’ve never been to _____ one before.

A. a more excited

B. the most excited

C. a more exciting

D. the most exciting 【解析】“你在晚会上玩得高兴吗?” “高兴,这是我玩得最高兴的一次”。答语是用比较级来表示最高级的含义。故答案为C。

【考例2】Boris has brains. In fact I doubt whether anyone in his class has _____IQ.

A. a high

B. a higher

C. the higher

D. the highest

【解析】has brains 的意思是“有头脑,有智慧”。anyone in the class 与Boris相比较(也可把doubt看成否定词),要用比较级。当比较级后有名词时,要加冠词。the higher IQ 的意思“(两个中)比较高的智商”,所以不能作为答案。此题题干的意思是:Boris的脑袋好使,事实上我怀疑班上是否有人智商高于他。故答案为B。

【考例3】Your story is perfect, I've never heard _____ before.

A. the better one

B. the best one

C. a better one

D. a good one

【解析】“你讲的故事太好了!以前我从没听到过比这更好的故事”,用“否定+比较等级”表示最高级概念,这是用强语势的肯定来表示赞扬,排除B. D 。“the +比较级”表示特指“两者间较…… 的那一个”,不合题意,排除A。故答案为C。4.用“no +比较级+than = as + 比较级反义词的原级+ as” ,表示“与……一样”。

【考例】——Can Li Hua help me with my English?

——I regret to tell you her English is ______yours.

A. as good as

B. better than

C. no better than

D. not as well as

【解析】no better than = as bad as 表示“与……一样不好,和一样差”。而not better than 则表示“不比……好”。根据句意“李华能帮我学英语吗?” “我要遗憾地告诉你,她的英语与你一样差” 。故答案

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为C。

5.用“not/never……until”句型,表示“直到……才” 。有时为了强调状语,常采取以下两种形式:1). 对until 引导的时间状语进行强调,用“It + be + not until + 时间状语(从句)+ that + ……”。2). not until 放在句首,主语和谓语要倒装,即Not until + 时间状语(从句)+ did(will) + 主语+ ……。

【考例1】——Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?

——Yes. He had never praised him _____he became one of the top students in his grade.

A. after

B. unless

C. until

D. when

【解析】考查until /unless 与时态在具体情景中的综合应用。not/never……until 引导的是时间状语从句,意为“直到……才”,而unless 引导的是条件状语从句,意为“除非”。二者用法中时态有区别,此题用unless 的话,句子应该是:He would never praise him unless he was one of the top students in his grade. 故答案为C。

【考例2】 It was not until she got home _____ Jennifer _______realized she had lost her keys.

A. when

B. that

C. where

D. before.

【解析】对until 状语强调时,not 必须移到前边去,此句为强调句,只能用that。不强调的普通句式为“Jennifer didn’t realize she had lost her keys until she got home” 。故答案为B。

【考例3】It was ________ back home after the experiment.

A.not until midnight did he go

B. until midni ght that he didn’t go

C.not until midnight that he went

D. until midnight when he didn’t go

【解析】考查对not…… until句型的强调用法,它的强调句型应为“It + be + not until + 时间状语+ that + ……”。此题的正常语序为He didn’t go back home after the experiment until midnight。故答案为C。

6.用“no soo ner had + 主语+ 过去分词+ than + 主语+ 一般过去时”或“ hardly/scarcely had + 主语+ 过去分词+ when + 主语+ 一般过去时”表示“一……就”。

【考例】——Did Lindia see the traffic accident?

——No, no sooner _____than it happened. (2006天津)

A. had she gone

B. she had gone

C. has she gone

D. she has gone

【解析】本题考查考生对于固定句型“no sooner had sb. done…… than sth.(happened)”的掌握,根据句型判断,首先排除B.C.D, 当否定词no sooner, hardly, scarcely, hardly在句首时, 要求主谓倒装. 故答案为A。

练习:

1. ——Did you listen to Mr. Jackson’s lecture?

——Yes, I have never heard such a _____one.

A. more exciting

B. more excited

C. most excited

D. most exciting

2. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _____.

A. the better voice

B. a good voice

C. the best voice

D. a better voice

3. _____ got into the room, _____ the telephone rang.

A. He hardly had,than

B. Hardly had he,when

C. He had not,than

D. Not had he,when

4. It was not until 1920 _____regular radio broadcasts began.

A. while

B. which

C. that

D. since

5. ——How did your interview go?

——I cou ldn’t feel ______about it. I seemed to find an answer for all of the questions.

A. better

B. worse

C. best

D. worst

6. It was not ____she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.

A. when,that

B. until,that

C. until,when

D. when,than

7. ——The weather isn’t good enough for an outing, is it?

——Not in the least. We can’t have _____at this time of the year.

A. a worse day

B. a nicer day

C. a worst day

D. so fine a day

8. ——Are you satisfied with her answer?

——Not at all. It couldn’t have been_______.

A. worse

B. so bad

C. better

D. the worst

9.Not until all the fish died in the river ____how serious the pollution was.

A. didn’t the villagers realize

B. the villagers realized

C. the villagers did realize

D. did the villagers realize

10. ——Is Mr. White out of danger?

——No, ________ than before, I’m afraid.

A. not worse

B. a little better

C. no better

D. no worse20.

11. Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been .

A. popular

B. more popular

C. most popular

D. the most popular

答案:1—5 ADBCA 6—10 BAADC 11.B

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