组织行为学 英语习题 (5)
Essentials of Organizational Behavior, 11e (Robbins/Judge)
Chapter 15 Organizational Culture
1) Alessio's boss doesn't care whether Alessio works at home, at the office, or from his beach house. All he cares about is that the project is completed on time, on budget, and with exemplary quality. Which characteristic of organizational culture best describes this aspect of Alessio's job?
A) low risk taking
B) high outcome orientation
C) high attention to detail
D) low aggressiveness
E) high stability
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Outcome orientation is the organizational culture characteristic that describes the degree to which management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on the techniques and processes used to achieve them. Alessio's boss has a high focus on outcome.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 219
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Objective: Organizational Culture
Quest. Category: Application
LO: 1
2) Which of the following is not a characteristic of organizational culture?
A) attention to detail
B) innovation and risk raking
C) process orientation
D) team orientation
E) outcome orientation
Answer: C
Explanation: C) Seven primary characteristics seem to capture the essence of an organization's culture: innovation and risk taking, attention to detail, outcome orientation, people orientation, team orientation, aggressiveness, and stability.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 219
Objective: Characteristics of an Organizational Culture
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
3) Which of the following characteristics of an organization's culture indicates the degree to which management decisions take into consideration the effect of outcomes on employees within the organization?
A) attention to detail
B) outcome orientation
C) team orientation
D) people orientation
E) stability
Answer: D
Explanation: D) People orientation indicates the degree to which management decisions take into consideration the effect of outcomes on people within the organization.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 219
Objective: Attention to Detail
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
4) "Stability" is one of the seven primary characteristics that capture the essence of an organization's culture. It indicates the degree to which ________.
A) employees are encouraged to be innovative and take risks
B) management focuses on results or outcomes rather than on the techniques and processes used to achieve them
C) management decisions take into consideration the effect of outcomes on people within the organization
D) work activities are organized around teams rather than individuals
E) organizational activities emphasize maintaining the status quo in contrast to growth Answer: E
Explanation: E) Stability indicates the degree to which organizational activities emphasize maintaining the status quo in contrast to growth.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 219
Objective: People Orientation
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
5) The key characteristic of organizational culture that addresses the degree to which people are competitive rather than easygoing is termed ________.
A) assertiveness
B) team orientation
C) aversiveness
D) risk taking
E) aggressiveness
Answer: E
Explanation: E) Aggressiveness describes the degree to which people are aggressive and competitive rather than easygoing.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 219
Objective: Aggressiveness
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
6) Which of the following statements distinguish organizational culture and job satisfaction?
A) Job satisfaction is descriptive, whereas organizational culture is evaluative.
B) Organizational culture is static, whereas job satisfaction is dynamic.
C) Job satisfaction is immeasurable, whereas organizational culture is measurable.
D) Organizational culture is descriptive, whereas job satisfaction is evaluative.
E) Organizational culture measures how employees feel about organization's expectations, whereas job satisfaction is concerned about how employees perceive the organization's culture. Answer: D
Explanation: D) The concept of organizational culture is concerned with how employees perceive the characteristics of an organization's culture, not whether they like them, and is therefore a descriptive term. On the other hand, the concept of job satisfaction seeks to measure how employees feel about the organization's expectations, reward practices and therefore is an evaluative term.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 219
Objective: Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
7) Which of the following statements is true regarding an organization's culture?
A) Organizational culture is evaluative rather than descriptive.
B) Large organizations rarely have subcultures.
C) A dominant culture expresses the core values shared by a majority of the organization's members.
D) A strong culture would increase employee turnover.
E) Subcultures and dominant cultures do not share any common values.
Answer: C
Explanation: C) Organizational culture is descriptive. Most large organizations have a dominant culture and numerous subcultures. A dominant culture expresses the core va lues shared by a majority of the organization's members. A strong culture should reduce employee turnover, because it demonstrates high agreement about what the organization represents.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 219
Objective: Dominant Culture
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
8) Cultures that tend to develop in large organizations to reflect common problems, situations, or experiences faced by groups of members in the same department or location are often called
________.
A) micro-cultures
B) subcultures
C) divisional cultures
D) microcosms
E) counter cultures
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Subcultures tend to develop in large organizations to reflect common problems, situations, or experiences faced by groups of members in the same department or location. The purchasing department can have a subculture that includes the core values of the dominant culture plus additional values unique to members of the purchasing department.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 219-220
Objective: Subcultures
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
9) Which of the following statements is not true regarding subcultures?
A) Subcultures includes core values of the organization.
B) Subcultures typically exist within a department.
C) When we talk about an organization's culture, we are referring to its subculture.
D) If organizations were composed only of numerous subcultures, organizational culture as an independent variable would be significantly less powerful.
E) Subcultures influence members' behavior.
Answer: C
Explanation: C) Subcultures tend to develop in large organizations to reflect common problems, situations, or experiences faced by groups of members in the same department or location. Subcultures include the core values of the dominant culture plus additional values unique to the respective department. If organizations were composed only of numerous subcultures, organizational culture as an independent variable would be significantly less powerful. Subcultures influence members' behavior. When we talk about an organization's culture, we are referring to its dominant culture.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 220
Objective: Subcultures
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
10) The primary or dominant values that are accepted throughout the organization are known as ________.
A) foundational values
B) core values
C) shared values
D) institutional traits
E) unique values
Answer: B
Explanation: B) The dominant culture includes the core values, the primary or dominant values that are accepted throughout the organization.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 220
Objective: Core Values
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
11) Which of the following is most likely to be the indicator of a strong organizational culture?
A) high employee turnover
B) narrow span of control
C) horizontal organizational charts
D) presence of several subcultures
E) widely shared values
Answer: E
Explanation: E) In a strong culture, the organization's core values are both intensely held and widely shared. narrow span of control, presence of several subcultures, and horizontal organizational charts do not indicate a strong culture. A strong culture should reduce employee turnover, because it demonstrates high agreement about what the organization represents.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 220
Objective: Strong Cultures
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
12) Which of the following is most likely to result from a strong organizational culture?
A) low employee turnover
B) low employee satisfaction
C) low organizational commitment
D) high absenteeism
E) low behavioral control resulting from the climate within the organization
Answer: A
Explanation: A) A strong culture should reduce employee turnover, because it demonstrates high agreement about what the organization represents. Such unanimity of purpose builds cohesiveness, loyalty, and organizational commitment. These qualities, in turn, lessen employees' propensity to leave.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 220
Objective: Strong Cultures
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
13) A strong culture should reduce employee turnover, because it results in ________.
A) a highly centralized organization
B) narrow spans of control
C) cohesiveness and organizational commitment
D) a highly formalized organization
E) an outcome-oriented organization
Answer: C
Explanation: C) A strong culture should reduce employee turnover, because it demonstrates high agreement about what the organization represents. Such unanimity of purpose builds cohesiveness, loyalty, and organizational commitment. These qualities, in turn, lessen employees' propensity to leave.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 220
Objective: Strong Cultures
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
14) Both, ________ and strong culture, achieve the same end result of predictability, orderliness, and consistency.
A) high formalization
B) low departmentalization
C) wide span of control
D) low work specialization
E) people orientation
Answer: A
Explanation: A) High formalization creates predictability, orderliness, and consistency. A strong culture achieves the same end without the need for written documentation. Therefore, we should view formalization and culture as two different roads to a common destination.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 220
Objective: Strong Culture versus Formalization
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 1
15) Which of the following statements is true regarding the functions of culture in an organization?
A) It hinders the generation of commitment to something larger than individual self-interest among employees.
B) It conveys a sense of identity for organization members.
C) It reduces the stability of the social system.
D) It reduces distinctions between one organization and others.
E) It does not affect employees' attitudes and behavior.
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Culture facilitates the generation of commitment to something larger than individual self-interest. It conveys a sense of identity for organization members. Culture has a boundary-defining role: it creates distinctions between one organization and others. It is a sense-making and control mechanism that guides and shapes employees' attitudes and behavior. Diff: 3 Page Ref: 220-221
Objective: Culture's Functions
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 2
16) In ________ organizations, the lack of frequent face-to-face contact makes establishing a common set of norms very difficult.
A) highly formalized
B) boundaryless
C) virtual
D) matrix
E) highly centralized
Answer: C
Explanation: C) In virtual organizations, the lack of frequent face-to-face contact makes establishing a common set of norms very difficult.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 221
Objective: Formalization
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 2
1
7) Which of the following statements is true regarding the establishment of the organizational culture and its effects on the organization?
A) Today's trend toward decentralized organizations makes it is easier to establish a strong culture.
B) In a virtual organization a strong culture can be established quickly and easily.
C) Employees organized in teams always show greater allegiance to the values of the organization as a whole than to their team and its values.
D) Culture acts as a control mechanism and guides the behavior of employees.
E) Cultures reduce the stability of the social system.
Answer: D
Explanation: D) Today's trend toward decentralized makes establishing a strong culture more difficult. In virtual organizations, the lack of frequent face-to-face contact makes establishing a common set of norms very difficult. When formal authority and control systems are reduced, culture's shared meaning points everyone in the same direction. However, employees organized in teams may show greater allegiance to their team and its values than to the values of the organization as a whole. Culture enhances the stability of the social system and acts as a control mechanism that guides and shapes employees' attitudes and behavior.
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 221
Objective: Culture's Functions
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 2
18) Janice works for a pet store where everyone is committed to the happiness of the animals. Often employees, bosses and hourly workers alike, come into the store "off the clock" and spend time training the animals. Everyone loves the store, the animals, and their jobs. This attitude of her coworkers inspires Janice to do her best. Based on this information, we can say that Janice is experiencing the effects of ________.
A) decentralization
B) organizational climate
C) high departmentalization
D) low formalization
E) high work specialization
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Organizational climate refers to the shared perceptions organizational members have about their organization and work environment. This aspect of culture is like team spirit at the organizational level
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 221
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Objective: Culture's Functions
Quest. Category: Application
LO: 2
19) A(n) ________ organization is an organization that takes on a life of its own, apart from its founders or members and is valued for itself and not for the goods or services it produces.
A) virtual
B) matrix
C) boundaryless
D) institutionalized
E) centralized
Answer: D
Explanation: D) An institutionalized organization is an organization that takes on a life of its own, apart from its founders or members and is valued for itself and not for the goods or services it produces.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 222
Objective: Culture as a Liability
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 2
20) Culture is most likely to be a liability when ________.
A) the employees of the organization are highly skilled
B) the organization's environment is dynamic
C) the organization's management is highly efficient
D) the organization is highly centralized
E) the organization scores low on the degree of formalization
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Culture is a liability when the shared values are not in agreement with those that further the organization's effectiveness. This is most likely when an organization's environment is dynamic, undergoing rapid change, and its entrenched culture may no longer be appropriate.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 222
Objective: Barriers to Change
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 2
21) Consistency of behavior is an asset to an organization when the organization ________.
A) has an aggressive culture
B) encourages innovation and risk taking
C) is highly departmentalized
D) has an employee oriented culture
E) operates in a stable environment
Answer: E
Explanation: E) Consistency of behavior is an asset to an organization when the organization operates in a stable environment. But in a dynamic environment, it becomes a burden and makes it difficult for the organization to respond to changes.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 222
Objective: Barriers to Change
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 2
22) In recent years, ________ has become the primary concern in acquisitions and mergers.
A) cultural compatibility
B) employee diversity
C) financial advantage
D) product synergy
E) legal complication
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Historically, when management looked at acquisition or merger decisions, the key factors were financial advantage and product synergy. In recent years, cultural compatibility has become the primary concern. All things being equal, whether the acquisition actually works seems to have more to do with how well the two organizations' cultures match up.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 222-223
Objective: Barriers to Acquisitions and Mergers
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 2
23) The ultimate source of an organization's culture is ________.
A) its top management
B) its environment
C) the country in which the organization operates
D) its founders
E) the sociocultural backgrounds of its employees
Answer: D
Explanation: D) An organization's customs, traditions, and general way of doing things are largely due to what it has done before and how successful it was in doing it. Because of this, the ultimate source of an organization's culture tends to be its founders.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 223
Objective: Culture Creation
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
24) The selection process helps sustain the organization's culture by ________.
A) establishing and enforcing norms
B) hiring candidates who fit well within the organization
C) socializing the new employees
D) developing performance evaluation criteria
E) rewarding conformity
Answer: B
Explanation: B) The selection process helps sustain the organization's culture by hiring candidates who fit well within the organization. Selection also provides information to applicants. Those who perceive a conflict between their values and those of the organization can remove themselves from the applicant pool.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 224
Objective: Selection
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
25) The ________ process helps candidates learn about the organization and if employees perceive a conflict between their values and those of the organization, they can remove themselves from the applicant pool.
A) orientation
B) training
C) performance evaluation
D) selection
E) institutionalization
Answer: D
Explanation: D) Selection is a two-way street, allowing employer or applicant to avoid a mismatch and sustaining an organization's culture by selecting out those who might attack or undermine its core values.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 224
Objective: Selection
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
26) ________ is a process that helps new employees adapt to the prevailing organizational culture.
A) Satisficing
B) Reciprocal interdependence
C) Socialization
D) Formalization
E) Social loafing
Answer: C
Explanation: C) No matter how good a job the organization does in recruiting and selection, new employees are not fully indoctrinated in the organization's culture and can disrupt beliefs and customs already in place. The process that helps new employees adapt to the prevailing culture is socialization.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 224
Objective: Top Management
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
27) The process of socialization consists of three stages. Which of the following is one of these three stages?
A) prearrival
B) preencounter
C) evaluation
D) post-arrival
E) post-encounter
Answer: A
Explanation: A) We can think of socialization as a process with three stages: prearrival, encounter, and metamorphosis. This process has an impact on the new employee's work productivity, commitment to the organization's objectives, and eventual decision to stay with the organization.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 225
Objective: Socialization
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
28) The ________ stage of the socialization process explicitly recognizes that each individual that the organization comes across during the selection process has a set of values, attitudes, and expectations about both the work to be done and the organization.
A) post-encounter
B) prearrival
C) metamorphosis
D) preencounter
E) post-arrival
Answer: B
Explanation: B) The prearrival stage explicitly recognizes that each individual arrives with a set of values, attitudes, and expectations about both the work to be done and the organization. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 225
Objective: Stages of Socialization
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
29) Identify the correct order in the socialization process.
A) encounter, metamorphosis, post-encounter
B) prearrival, arrival, evaluation
C) prearrival, arrival, post-arrival
D) prearrival, encounter, metamorphosis
E) metamorphosis, preencounter, arrival
Answer: D
Explanation: D) We can think of socialization as a process with three stages: prearrival, encounter, and metamorphosis.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 225
Objective: Stages of Socialization
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
30) Elsa joined her new law firm expecting to participate in exciting environmental law cases, and cutting edge research. After one month at the firm she still hasn't been assigned a case and spends most of her time filing standardized appeals for title disputes with insurance companies. In which stage of the socialization process is Elsa?
A) prearrival
B) encounter
C) metamorphosis
D) post-encounter
E) post-arrival
Answer: B
Explanation: B) On entry into the organization, the new member enters the encounter stage and confronts the possibility that expectations, about the job, co-workers, the boss, and the organization in general, may differ from reality. Elsa is in the encounter stage.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 226
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Objective: Encounter Stage
Quest. Category: Application
LO: 3
31) During the ________ stage, a new employee compares her expectations with the realities in the organization.
A) prearrival
B) encounter
C) metamorphosis
D) post-arrival
E) post-encounter
Answer: B
Explanation: B) On entry into the organization, the new member enters the encounter stage and confronts the possibility that expectations, about the job, co-workers, the boss, and the organization in general, may differ from reality.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 226
Objective: Encounter Stage
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
32) If there is a basic conflict between the individual's expectations and the reality of working in an organization, the employee is most likely to be disillusioned and quit during the ________ stage of socialization.
A) prearrival
B) post-arrival
C) encounter
D) metamorphosis
E) post-encounter
Answer: C
Explanation: C) On entry into the organization, the new member enters the encounter stage and confronts the possibility that expectations, about the job, co-workers, the boss, and the organization in general, may differ from reality. If there occurs a mismatch between the expectations of the new member and the reality then the new member may become disillusioned enough with the reality to resign.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 226
Objective: Encounter Stage
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
33) During the socialization process, to work out any problems discovered during the encounter stage, the new member changes or goes through the ________ stage.
A) post-arrival
B) metamorphosis
C) post-encounter
D) analysis
E) evaluation
Answer: B
Explanation: B) During the socialization process, to work out any problems discovered during the encounter stage, the new member changes or goes through the metamorphosis stage.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 226
Objective: Encounter Stage
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
34) Which of the following statements is true regarding random socialization?
A) Random socialization tries to strip away certain characteristics of the recruit.
B) Random socialization is carried out as per a fixed time schedule.
C) In random socialization, new employees are left on their own to figure things out.
D) Random socialization involves socializing the newcomers in groups.
E) Specific orientation and training programs are examples of random socialization.
Answer: C
Explanation: C) In random socialization, role models are deliberately withheld. New employees are left on their own to figure things out.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 226
Objective: Dominant Culture
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
35) Which of the following types of socialization involves putting the new employee directly into the job,
with little or no special attention?
A) investiture socialization
B) serial socialization
C) collective socialization
D) fixed socialization
E) informal socialization
Answer: E
Explanation: E) Informal socialization puts the new employee directly into the job, with little or no special attention.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 226
Objective: Strong Cultures
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
36) ________ socialization assumes that the newcomer's qualities and qualifications are the necessary ingredients for job success, so these qualities and qualifications are confirmed and supported.
A) Variable
B) Collective
C) Serial
D) Investiture
E) Formal
Answer: D
Explanation: D) Investiture socialization assumes that the newcomer's qualities and qualifications are the necessary ingredients for job success, so these qualities and qualifications are confirmed and supported.
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 226
Objective: Socialization
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
37) Which of the following statements is true about formal socialization?
A) Formal socialization involves socializing the new members individually.
B) Specific orientation and training programs are examples of formal socialization.
C) Apprenticeship and mentoring programs are examples of formal socialization.
D) Formal socialization lacks a fixed time schedule.
E) In formal socialization, new employees are left on their own to figure things out. Answer: B
Explanation: B) The more a new employee is segregated from the ongoing work setting and differentiated in some way to make explicit his or her newcomer's role, the more formal socialization is. Specific orientation and training programs are examples.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 226
Objective: Culture Creation
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
38) ________ socialization tries to strip away certain characteristics of the recruit.
A) Random
B) Fixed
C) Collective
D) Divestiture
E) Formal
Answer: D
Explanation: D) Divestiture socialization tries to strip away certain characteristics of the recruit. Fraternity and sorority "pledges" go through divestiture socialization to shape them into the proper role.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 226
Objective: Sustaining Culture
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
39) Apprenticeship and mentoring programs are examples of ________ socialization.
A) divestiture
B) variable
C) serial
D) informal
E) investiture
Answer: C
Explanation: C) Serial socialization is characterized by the use of role models who train and encourage the newcomer. Apprenticeship and mentoring programs are examples.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 226
Objective: Rituals
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
40) New employees are usually comfortable with their organizations by the end of the ________ stage of socialization.
A) encounter
B) post-arrival
C) establishment
D) metamorphosis
E) adaptation
Answer: D
Explanation: D) To work out any problems discovered during the encounter stage, the new member changes or goes through the metamorphosis stage, by the end of which they are usually comfortable in their new position.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 227
Objective: Metamorphosis Stage
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 3
41) ________ typically contain(s) a narrative of events about the organization's founders, rule breaking, or reactions to past mistakes.
A) Stories
B) Material symbols
C) Rituals
D) Language
E) Corporate chants
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Stories circulate through organizations. They typically contain a narrative of events about the organization's founders, rule breaking, rags-to-riches successes, reductions in the workforce, relocation of employees, reactions to past mistakes, and organizational coping. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 227-228
Objective: Stories
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 4
42) Which of the following is not a means of transmitting culture within an organization?
A) stories
B) protective mechanism
C) rituals
D) language
E) material symbols
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Culture is transmitted to employees in a number of forms, the most potent being stories, rituals, material symbols, and language.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 227
Objective: Transmitting Culture
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 4
43) Phil is new at JPS Corp., but after a week he already knows that the founder of the corporation started the business in his garage with only $4,000 and one client. This information was most likely transmitted to Phil by way of ________.
A) stories
B) material symbols
C) rituals
D) language
E) corporate chants
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Phil most likely knows this legend through the passing of stories. Stories circulate through organizations. They typically contain a narrative of events about the organization's founders, rule breaking, rags-to-riches successes, reductions in the workforce, relocation of employees, and organizational coping.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 227-228
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Objective: Stories
Quest. Category: Application
LO: 4
44) ________ help employees understand the history and past actions of an organization and explain and legitimate current practices by anchoring the present in the past.
A) Stories
B) Material symbols
C) Rituals
D) Organization specific terms
E) Corporate chants
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Stories typically contain a narrative of events about the organization's founders, rule breaking, rags-to-riches successes, reductions in the workforce, relocation of employees, reactions to past mistakes, and organizational coping. These stories anchor the present in the past and explain and legitimate current practices.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 228
Objective: Stories
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 4
45) Which of the following is not an example of stories?
A) how the new standard operating procedures will be implemented
B) how the founders started the company
C) how the workforce grew from three to three hundred in one year
D) how the company had to cut one thousand employees last year
E) how one of its post popular products was invented
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Stories circulate through organizations. They typically contain a narrative of events about the organization's founders, rule breaking, rags-to-riches successes, reductions in the workforce, relocation of employees, and organizational coping. The method of implementation of operating procedures is not considered a story.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 228
Objective: Stories
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 4
46) Company chants are examples of ________.
A) rituals
B) material symbols
C) stories
D) company policies
E) business strategies
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Company chants are examples of rituals. Rituals are repetitive sequences of activities that express and reinforce the key values of the organization—what goals are most important, which people are important, and which people are expendable.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 228
Objective: Rituals
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 4
47) Company chants are used to ________.
A) inform employees about changes in rules and policies
B) transmit company culture to employees
C) inform employees about latest technologies
D) communicate company strategies to the employees
E) update employees regarding performance of the company
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Company chants are used for transmitting company culture to employees. Diff: 2 Page Ref: 228
Objective: Rituals
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 4
48) Which of the following can act as a common denominator to unite members of a given culture or subculture?
A) mechanistic organizational structure
B) 360 degree appraisals
C) jargons and acronyms that are specific to the organization
D) bureaucratic organizational structure
E) unity of command
Answer: C
Explanation: C) Many organizations and subunits within them use language to help members identify with the culture, attest to their acceptance of it, and help preserve it. New employees may at first be overwhelmed by acronyms and jargon, that, once assimilated, act as a common denominator to unite members of a given culture or subculture.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 228
Objective: Creating a Positive Organizational Culture
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 4
49) Which of the following is not a message conveyed by material symbols?
A) who is important
B) top management's egalitarianism
C) the marketing strategy of the organization
D) appropriate risk-taking behavior
E) appropriate authoritarian behavior
Answer: C
Explanation: C) Material symbols such as the size of offices, the elegance of furnishings, executive perks, and attire, convey to employees who is important, the degree of egalitarianism top management desires, and the kinds of behavior that are appropriate, such as risk taking, conservative, authoritarian, participative, individualistic, or social. Marketing strategy of the organization is not conveyed by material symbols.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 228
Objective: Material Symbols
Quest. Category: Concept/Definitional
LO: 4
7组织行为学课后习题
第七章人际沟通（复习题） 1.沟通的功能是什么？ （1）控制。沟通可以通过几种方式来控制员工的行为，员工们必须遵守组织中的权力等级和正式指导规则。通过沟通可以实现这种控制功能；另外，非正式沟通也可以实现控制行为。 （2）激励。沟通通过以下行为来激励员工：明确告诉员工应该做什么；如何来做；没有达到标准时应如何改进工作。目标设置理论和强化理论中也可以看到这一点。 （3）情绪表达。对很多员工来说，工作群体是主要的社交场所，员工通过群体内的沟通来表达自己的失落感和满足感。 （4）信息传递。例如通过沟通传递资料为个体和群体提供了决策所需要的信息，使决策者能够确定并评估各种备选方案。 2.对比编码和解码过程。 （1）编码是信息发送者将其信息与意义符号化，编成一定的文字等语言形式或其他形式的符号。被编码的信息受到4个条件的影响：技能、态度、知识和社会——文化系统。 解码是接受者在接收到信息后，将符号化的信息符号还原为信息与意义，并理解其信息内容与含义的过程。解码与编码相同，接受者同样受到自己的技能、态度、知识和社会——文化系统的限制。 （2）完美的沟通应该是传送者的管理信息A经过编码与解码两个过程后，形成的管理信息B与A完全吻合。 3.什么是非语言沟通？它会促进沟通还是阻碍语言沟通？ （1）非语言沟通是相对于语言沟通的一种沟通方式，包括动作、表情、声调等。非语言沟通的内涵十分丰富，其涉及的领域是身体语言沟通、副语言沟通、物体的操纵等。 身体语言沟通是通过动态无声性的目光、表情、手势语言等身体运动或者是静态无声的身体姿态，空间距离及穿衣打扮等等形式来实现的。 副语言沟通是通过非词语的声音，如重音、声音的变化、哭声、停顿等来实现的。 物体的操纵是通过物体的运用、环境布置等手段进行非语言的沟通。 （2）非语言沟通对语言沟通既会起到促进的作用又会起到阻碍的作用。 非语言沟通补充了言语沟通，当与言语沟通一致时，是的言语沟通更容易理解，非语言沟通如果运用不当，常常使言语沟通更为复杂，从而阻碍言语沟通。 4.哪些条件激发了小道消息的出现？ 小道消息指在群体或组织中，非正式的沟通网络。其特点：不受管理层控制；大多数员工认为它比高级管理层通过正式渠道发布的消息更可信；它在很大程度上服务于其内部人员的自我利益。 激发小道消息的条件如下： （1）群体或组织中出现了令人兴奋和不安的事情； （2）出现了关系到同事或者朋友的事； （3）组织中出现了新的消息； （4）组织成员接触紧密； （5）组织提供了允许交流的工作条件；
人教版五年级下册英语知识点整理
五年级下册英语第一单元知识点整理 1、主要单词和短语： do morning exercises 晨练，做早操 eat breakfast 吃早饭 have English class 上英语课 eat dinner 吃晚饭 play sports 进行体育活动 eat lunch 吃午饭 climb mountains 爬山 go shopping 购物，买东西 play the piano 弹钢琴 visit grandparents 看望（外）祖父母 go hiking 去远足 二、主要句子： When do you eat dinner? 你什么时候吃晚饭？ I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening. 我晚上七点吃晚饭。When do you get up? 你什么时候起床？ I usually get up at 12:00 at noon. 我通常在中午12点起床。What do you do on the weekend? 你在周末干什么？Usually I watch TV and go shopping. 我通常看电视和购物。 I often play football. 我经常踢足球。Sometimes I go hiking. 有时候我去远足。 三、重要知识点 同义词：
eat breakfast-have breakfast , eat lunch-have lunch, eat dinner-have dinner play sports-do sports, usually-often 复数形式：policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen 现在分词：tell-telling 第三人称单数：say-says 同义句：What do you do ? ---What are you? 你是干什么的？ 表示频度的副词：always 总是，一直；usually 通常，常常；often 经常；sometimes 有时候以复数形式出现的词组：visit grandparents ,plant trees 介词后跟表示时间的词语时，表示在某年、某月、某个季节，某个时候（在上午，在下午，在晚上）用in;表示在某一天，在星期几用on,在具体的几点几分用at. too 和either的用法区别：too和either都是“也”的意思，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。 五年级下册英语第二单元知识点整理 一、主要单词和短语： season 季节 spring 春天 summer 夏天 fall 秋天 winter 冬天 swim 游泳 fly kites 放风筝 skate 滑冰 make a snowman 堆雪人 plant trees 种树 二、主要句子：
小学五年级下册英语阅读试题含答案解析
小学五年级下册英语阅读试题含答案解析 一、阅读理解 1．阅读理解阅读理解 A French student goes to London for his holiday. He knows a little English, but he can't speak very well. One day he goes to a restaurant. He wants to have some eggs, but he can't remember the English word for "egg". He looks around and sees a picture of hen. He shows the picture to the waiter. "What do you call her children?" he asks. "Chicks, sir." "And what do you call chicks before they're born." "Eggs, sir." "Very well," says the French student. "Bring me two eggs and a cup of milk." 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 （1）The French student knows ________ English. A. a little B. much C. a lot of （2）In the restaurant, the French student wants to have ________. A. some hens B. some eggs C. some chicks （3）He shows ________ to the waiter. A. a picture B. a chick C. a dog （4）What does the student order at last (最后)? A. Two chickens. B. Two eggs and a cup of milk. C. Two eggs and a cup of coffee 【答案】（1）A （2）B （3）A （4）B 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了一个懂一点英语的法国学生去伦敦度假，在餐厅点菜的故事。 （1）根据 He knows a little English, but he can't speak very well. 可知法国学生懂一点英语，故答案为A. （2）根据 He wants to have some eggs, but he can't remember the English word for "egg". 可知在餐厅里那个法国学生想吃鸡蛋。，故答案为B. （3）根据 He shows the picture to the waiter. 可知他给服务员看了一张照片，故答案为A.（4）根据 "Very well," says the French student. "Bring me two eggs and a cup of milk." 可知学生最后点两个鸡蛋和一杯牛奶，故答案为B. 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。 2．阅读理解阅读理解 The Spring Festival was on February 16th this year. On the eve of the Spring Festival, we had a big dinner. After dinner, I put on my new clothes and went out to watch fireworks. Wow! How
10篇英语网考试题库
Sometimes people are cheated by dress. Once，a great scholar went to a party. As he was very simply __21__，he could not go inside. So he returned home and put on his __22__ clothes. He went back to the party and was given a warm reception. In the time of the dinner he did not eat but was talking to his clothes．The host came and asked what was __23__. The scholar told him what happened. Since he was admitted only __24__ his dress，he was talking to his dress. The host regretted about it and asked for the pardon of the scholar. Though dress may be，to some extent(某种程度上)，__25__ to judge a person，that alone will not be sufficient. A.best B.because of https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2516236785.html,eful D.dressed E.wrong 答案：D.dressed A.best E.wrong B.because of https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2516236785.html,eful Passage 62 Mary was an English girl, but she lived in Paris. She was seven years old. Last year her mother said to her, "You are six years old, Mary, and you are going to begin __21__ to a school here. You are going to like it very much because it's a very nice school." "Is it a beautiful school?" Mary asked. "Yes, it is," her mother said. Mary went to school, and enjoyed her lessons. Her mother always __22__ her to school in the morning and __23__ her home in the afternoon. Last Monday her mother went to the school at 4 o'clock, and Mary ran out of her classroom. "We've got a new girl in our school today, Mummy," she said."She's six years old, too, and she is very nice, but she isn't English. She is a German." "Does she __24__ English? " Mary's mother asked. "No, but she __25__ in English," Mary said happily. A.brought B.speak https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2516236785.html,ughs D.to go E.took 答案：D.to go E.took A.brought B.speak https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2516236785.html,ughs Passage 63 People in different parts of the world have very different ideas about what is good to eat. The people near the North Pole __21__ the raw meat of seals. People living in the desert prefer the roasted(烘烤的) meat of sheep or goats. Americans cook the meat of many different animals, but perhaps their favorite __22__ is steak. Americans also eat a lot of chicken, as well as fish and other foods from the sea. Some people in India do not eat meat or fish at all. Even when people in different parts of the world eat the same food, they often prepare it very differently. If you were in Germany, you would find soup that is thick and heavy. If you were in China, you would find soup that is thin and clear. Many __23__ like butter that is fresh and firm; however, some people -in India, for example - like butter that it is melted into an oil. People in different parts of the world also have different ideas about what is good to drink. The most popular hot drinks are coffee and tea. Coffee is very popular __24__ northern Europe and in the Middle East. Some people put cream and sugar in their coffee. But in the United States, many people make their coffee "black" - that is, __25__ cream or sugar. Tea is the national drink in China, Japan, and other east Asian countries. In these countries, people drink tea without sugar. But in England, where it is also a national drink, many people use sugar and hot or cold milk in their tea. A.food B.in C.without D.enjoy E.people 答案：D.enjoy A.food E.people B.in C.without
《组织行为学》课后练习
组织行为学 一、单项选择题 1. 组织中的各个部门由于对不断发展中的任务该由谁来负责存在不同看法，从而出现群体间冲突的根源是（）。 A. 责任不清 B. 人的放肆本性 C. 组织的气氛 D. 争夺有限资源 【正确答案】 A 2. 工程师是技术专家，负责产品的设计和质量，销售人员是营销专家，负责联络客户，工程师经常抱怨他们无法按照销售人员向客户承诺的交货期完成工作，因为对于如何设计切实可行的交货期限，销售人员缺乏必要的专业知识。销售人员和工程师之间的冲突根源是（）。 A. 专业化 B. 共用资源 C. 职权关系 D. 管辖权的模糊 【正确答案】 A 3. 在美国员工和中国员工共同工作的组织内，美国员工可能将中国员工的含蓄委婉当做不坦率、不果断，而中国员工则将美国员工的坦率批评当做不近人情、不给面子。根据纳尔逊和奎克的观点，产生该冲突的根源是（）。 A. 技术和能力 B. 价值观和道德观 C. 文化差异 D. 沟通障碍 【正确答案】 C 4. （）主要是指在正式组织中，按照指挥链和职权关系，上级在运用职位权力命令和控制下级的活动与行为时所发生的垂直方向的冲突。 A. 冲突的讨价还价模式 B. 冲突的官僚模式 C. 冲突的系统模式 D. 冲突的非系统模式 【正确答案】 B 5. 当冲突双方都自愿放弃一些利益，而期望共同得到另一方面的利益时，就出现了（）现象。 A. 竞争 B. 回避 C. 迁就 D. 折中 【正确答案】 D
6. 认为冲突是人们之间缺乏坦诚和信任而导致功能失调结果的观念是（）。 A. 传统观念 B. 人际关系观念 C. 标准化观念 D. 相互作用观念 【正确答案】 A 7. 当前冲突理论的主流学派是（）。 A. 传统观念 B. 人际关系观念 C. 注重知识观念 D. 相互作用观念 【正确答案】 D 8. 将冲突分为目标冲突、认知冲突、情感冲突和程序冲突的依据是（）。 A. 冲突对组织的影响 B. 冲突产生的原因 C. 冲突影响范围 D. 冲突的特征 【正确答案】 B 9. 由于冲突主体内部或冲突主体之间存在不一致或不相容的结果追求所引发的冲突是（）。 A. 目标冲突 B. 认知冲突 C. 情感冲突 D. 程序冲突 【正确答案】 A 10. 发生在两个或多个组织之间的冲突称为（）。 A. 组织间冲突 B. 群体间冲突 C. 人际冲突 D. 个体内部冲突 【正确答案】 A 11. 美国行为科学家（）提出了冲突管理的二维模式。 A. 彼得·康戴夫 B. 莫顿 C. 布莱克 D. 托马斯 【正确答案】 D
新版五年级英语下册知识点总结最全
新版PEP五年级英语下册期末复习资料 一、重点词汇。 eat breakfast吃早餐 play sports 进行体育运动 have···class 上···课 have an English class 上英语课 have a maths class 上数学课 exercise 活动，运动 do morning exercises早锻炼 eat dinner吃晚饭 clean my room 打扫我的房间 go for a walk 散步 go shopping 去购物 take学习，上（课） dancing 舞蹈 take a dancing class 上舞蹈课上午 .下午 usually 通常地 二、其他日常活动。 eat breakfast 吃早饭 eat lunch吃午饭 eat dinner 吃晚饭 get up起床 go to bed 上床睡觉 wash my clothes 洗我的衣服 watch TV看电视 go swimming 去游泳 go running去跑步 do homework 做作业 do kungfu练武术 play ping-pong打乒乓球 play football踢足球 play basketball打篮球 play the pipa弹琵琶 play music 演奏音乐 finish class 结束上课 start class 开始上课 in the water/sea 在水里/在海里 is good at 擅长 get off 逃脱 lots of 许多 三、频度副词。 always总是，一直（100%） usually通常（80%） often 经常（60%） sometimes（30%）有时 四、疑问词。 when什么时候 why 为什么 what 什么 五、重点句型。 1、询问别人什么时候做某事的句型及回答。 句型结构：问：When do you+动词短语原形+其他（你/你们什么时候做某事） 答：I/we（+频度副词）+动词短语原形+at+具体时间（我/我们通常在几点做某事。）例：问：When do you go to bed（你什么时候上床睡觉） 答：I go to bed at 9：（我晚上9点上床睡觉。） 注意：当主语是第三人称单数（he,she,it,单个人名或单数名词）时，助动词do要变成does,句型结构是：when does+主语（第三人称单数）+动词短语原形+其他 2、询问别人周末做什么的句型及回答。 句型结构：问：What do you do on the weekend（你周末做什么） 答：I（+频度副词）+动词（短语）+其他。 例：问：What do you do on the weekend（你周末做什么） 答：I often watch TV and play ping-pong with my father. （我经常看电视，也常和我爸爸一起打乒乓球。） 注意：当主语是第三人称单数（he,she,it,单个人名或单数名词）时，助动词do要变成does,句型结构是：what does+主语（第三人称单数）+do+on the weekend are you shopping today 为什么今天是你在购物 --My mum worked last night. 我妈妈昨晚工作了。 sounds like a lot of fun. 那听起来好像很有趣。 need a robot to help you. 你需要一个机器人来帮你。
新版小学五年级下册英语阅读理解及答案解析
新版小学五年级下册英语阅读理解及答案解析 一、阅读理解 1．阅读理解阅读理解 I am happy. I have my own room. Look! This is my room. It's small but clean. There is a desk and a bed. There are some dolls on my bed. There are two chairs. There is a bookshelf, too. My bookshelf(书架) has two layers. I pat the story-books on the first layer(层). I put other kinds of books on the second layer. I often clean it. There are two big windows. On the windows, you can see some nice flowers. I like to watch them grow. And there is a balcony outside the room. I love my room very much. 阅读短文判断正误 （1）There are two big windows in my room. （2）I don't have my own room. （3）There are some books on my bed. （4）I put the story-books on the first layer. （5）I like to watch my flower grow. 【答案】（1）1 （2）0 （3）0 （4）1 （5）1 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了我的房间的样子。 （1）句意：我的房间有两扇大窗户。根据 There are two big windows. 可知我的房间有两扇大窗户，故答案为正确。 （2）句意：我没有自己的房间。根据I have my own room. 可知我有自己的房间，故答案为错误。 （3）句意：我的床上有些书。根据 There are some dolls on my bed. 可知我的床上有一些洋娃娃，故答案为错误。 （4）句意：我把故事书放在第一层。根据 I put the story-books on the first layer. 可知我把故事书放在第一层，故答案为正确。 （5）句意：我喜欢看着我的花长大。根据 I like to watch them grow. 可知我喜欢看着我的花长大，故答案为正确。 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。 2．阅读理解阅读理解 My birthday is on Sunday. My parents are going to have a birthday party at home. I invite my friends to come to the party. At the party. They give me many small presents. Such as cards, picture books, pens. They sing Happy Birthday to me. My mother makes a big cake for me. I cut the cake into small pieces and give them out. We sing and dance. We have a good time at the party.
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题库 安全生产管理典型案例 一、单选题 本题型每题有四个备选答案，其中只有一个答案是正确的，多选，不选，错选均不得分。 1. 下列不属于新疆乌鲁木齐市某大学工程火灾事故的预防对策的是： A. 施工前应编制安全技术措施； B. 先培训后上岗； C. 落实各级责任制； D. 认真落实建筑工程监理工作。 2. 新疆乌鲁木齐市某大学工程火灾事故中负直接领导责任的是： A. 施工项目负责人； B. 施工企业主要负责人； C. 建设单位项目负责人； D. 施工技术员。 3. 下列关于内蒙古赤峰市某小区住宅楼工程煤气中毒事故，说法错误的是的： A. 该工程项目经理应负主要责任；（直接领导） B. 企业管理无制度，施工管理人员指挥生产只考虑生产未考虑冬季住宿条件，且对新工人不进行安全教育，由于失职导致事故发生； C. 本次事故主要是由于违章明火取暖，无通风措施导致的一氧化碳中毒事故； D. 此事故的发生不是复杂的技术问题所造成，只要领导注意，提早解决，就可避免事故重复发生。 4. 下列不属于浙江省杭州市某建筑工程临时活动房坍塌事故技术方面原因的是： A. 施工单位没有应急预案，没有值班巡查制度，不派人监视雨水情况，更不疏散人员； B. 红砖砌筑，超高围墙的稳定性、刚度均较差，无法阻挡洪水冲击； C. 建设业主未经批准擅自改变用地范围，将东围墙超过规定红线向东延伸了80多米； D. 将围墙直接建在山洪暴发口，并将围墙建了5米高（通常高度为2-3米)厚度为240mm。 5. 下列属于河南省新乡市某排水管道工程中毒事故管理方面原因的是： A. 管道疏通施工已有较成熟的方法，特别在高温天气下，进入井道前必须制定安全技术措施，配备必要的防护用品及救援器材； B. 该市政公司虽属专业公司，但从施工管理上不具备相应资质，没有制定施工方案，没有可靠的安全措施； C. 每次下井前应对井下环境进行检测，并在作业中随时检测；
组织行为学课后习题集
第一章：研究对象与性质 一、什么是组织？什么是行为？什么是组织行为学 组织是在共同目标指导下，相互协调工作的人群社会实体单位；它建立一定的机构，成为独立的法人；它又是通过分工合作协调配合人们行为的组织活动过程。组织是动态的组合活动以及相对静态的人群社会实体单位的统一。 行为是有机体的所作所为及其活动。行为分为广义和狭义，狭义指人受心理、生理、客观环境影响所表现出的外在明显活动。广义是把心理和人的行为统称。 组织行为学是采用系统分析方法，运用生理学、生物学、社会学、人类学、政治学、心理学、伦理学等科学知识，研究一定组织中人的心理活动和行为规律，从而提高领导者和管理者对人的行为预测、引导和控制的能力，充分调动人的主观性、积极性、创造性，更有效的实现组织目标。 二、组织行为学的研究对象、研究范围、研究方法、研究目的是什么？ 对象：人的心理活动和行为反应规律 范围：一定组织中 方法：系统分析方法，运用心理学、生理学、生物学、社会学、人类学、政治学、伦理学等科学知识 目的：提高组织中领导者和管理者对人的行为预测、引导、控制能力，有效的实现组织目标 三、管理者为什么要研究组织行为学？ 由组织行为学的实质和管理者的工作性质所决定。 研究组织行为中个体行为与管理，可以提高管理者知人善用，合理使用人才的水平 研究组织行为中群体行为与管理，可以提高管理者改善人际关系，增强管辖区域内群体的凝聚力和向心力 研究组织行为种的领导行为与管理，可以促使管理者提高领导素质，改进领导行为，掌握领导艺术，改进领导的有效性 研究组织行为学中激励理论和应用，可以加强以人为中心的管理，充分调动人的积极性，主动性，创造性。 研究组织行为学中组织设计与组织变更的理论与方法，可以使管理者更好的适应环境变化，进行组织的改革，增值绩效。 研究组织行为学有利于管理者调适心里平衡，提高身心健康水平，进一步提高工作绩效。 四、说明组织行为学的性质与特点是什么？ 性质：边缘性；两重性；应用性 特点：多学科想交叉；多层次相交切；自然属性；社会属性； 五、组织行为学的理论体系是什么？ 组织行为学的理论体系指一个投入与产出的大系统，它从人力的投入开始，通过依次对个体心理与行为的研究，群里心理与行为的研究，组织心理与行为的研究，组织外部环境的研究这四个层次，最终到人力的产出为止。 六、影响组织中人的行为的因素是哪些？ 主观内在因素：生理因素（遗传、体质、生理、生物节奏），心理因素（感觉、思维、认识、价值观、理想、信念、态度，个性-气质、能力、性格），文化因素（个人所接受的文化教育、专业技术、礼仪等） 客观外在环境因素：组织内部环境因素（群体、领导、组织），组织外部环境因素（国内国际状况、人群团体-家庭、竞争者、供应商、各科、政府机关、产权所有者） 七、文字和函数关系式表述行为规律的理论模式，并简要说明 行为=f（人的主观特征*所处客观环境特征） B=f（P a、b、c。。。*E m、n、o。。。） B：人的行为，behavior f：表示函数关系，function P：人的主管特种个性，personality a、b、c、…:人的知觉、能力、性格、价值观、气质等主要特征 E：表示所处的客观环境，environment m、、n、o…：组织内部的环境，组织外部的环境，世界大环境等 八、简述组织行为学与其相关学科的关系 心理学是组织行为学研究组织中人的外在行为规律的理论基础。 研究组织行为需要运用社会学的知识来探索人在社会关系中表现出来的行为，研究组织中人的行为必须从起所处的整个社会关系中着手，
新版PEP五年级英语下册各单元知识点
新版PEP五年级英语下册各单元知识点 一. 重点词汇。 1. 四会： eat breakfast吃早饭have···class 上······课play sports 进行体育运动 exercise 活动；运动do morning exercises做早操eat dinner吃晚饭clean my room 打扫我的房间go for a walk 散步go shopping 去买东西；购物 take学习；上（课）dancing 跳舞；舞蹈take a dancing class 上舞蹈课 2. 三会： when什么时候after在（时间）后start开始usually通常地；惯常地Spain西班牙 late晚；迟 a.m.午前；上午p.m.午后；下午shop去买东西；购物why 为什么 work工作sound听起来好像also还；也last上一个的；刚过去的busy忙的 need需要play戏剧；剧本letter信live居住island岛 win获胜always总是；一直cave山洞；洞穴go swimming去游泳 二. 其他日常活动。 get up起床eat lunch吃午饭go to bed 上床睡觉 wash my face洗脸wash my clothes 洗我的衣服watch TV看电视 play ping-pong打乒乓球play the pipa弹琵琶go swimming 去游泳 go running去跑步do homework 做作业do kung fu练武术 play football踢足球play basketball打篮球 三. 频度副词。 always总是，一直（100%）usually通常（80%）often 经常（60%）sometimes 有时（30%） 四. 重点句型。 1. 询问别人什么时候做某事的句型及回答。
小学五年级下册英语阅读理解及答案解析
小学五年级下册英语阅读理解及答案解析 一、阅读理解 1．阅读理解阅读理解 I have a little dog. Its name is Googlo. He is three years old. He has two big eyes. They're black. He has one blue ear and one black ear. He is clever. I like my Googlo. He likes playing with me. He can bark, jump and run. He can play football, basketball and volleyball. He likes playing football very much. He likes some fruit, such as apples, bananas, oranges, pears and watermelons. He enjoys his snacks. 阅读短文判断正误 （1）Googlo likes playing with me. （2）Googlo can bark, swim and run. （3）Googlo can play ping-pong, basketball and volleyball. （4）Googlo likes some fruit. （5）Googlo likes playing football very much. 【答案】（1）1 （2）0 （3）0 （4）1 （5）1 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了小狗古格罗，它的年龄，样子，爱好。 （1）句意：古格罗喜欢和我玩。根据 I like my Googlo. He likes playing with me. 可知古格罗喜欢和我玩，故答案为正确。 （2）句意：古格罗能叫，游泳和跑步。根据 He can bark, jump and run. 可知古格罗能叫，跳和跑步，故答案为错误。 （3）句意：古格罗会打乒乓球、篮球和排球。根据He can play football, basketball and volleyball. 可知古格罗能踢足球、篮球和排球，故答案为错误。 （4）句意：古格罗喜欢吃水果。根据 He likes some fruit, such as apples, bananas, oranges, pears and watermelons. 可知古格罗喜欢吃水果，故答案为正确。 （5）句意：古格罗非常喜欢踢足球。根据 He likes playing football very much. 可知古格罗非常喜欢踢足球，故答案为正确。 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。 2．阅读理解阅读理解 One day, my mother bought two little rabbits for me. I'm very happy. From that on, the two little rabbits became my good friends. They have two little ears, red eyes, with white and fat baby. They're cute. Every day, they play with each other happily. One day, I couldn't find them. I asked my mother: "Where are they?" My mother told me that she didn't know. At last, I found them in the grass.
商务英语题库(1)
一、搭配题： Personnel 1．The department in an organization that recruits and trains employees and deals with their problem. Reference 2．Statement about a person’s character or abilities. Subsidiary 3．A company which is owned by another company, called a parent company or holding company. Shareholder 4．A person who owns shares in a company and is, therefore, a member of the company. Dividend 5．A sum of money paid to shareholder as their part of the company’s profit. Viability 6．Ability to succeed in operation; ability to continue to exist as a living thing. Symptom 7．Change in the body that indicates an illness; sign of the existence of something bad. Etiquette 8．The formal rules of proper behavior. Itinerary 9．A plan of a journey including places to be seen and visited. Courteous 10．Having or showing good manners; polite and kind. Rapport 11．Close relationship or understanding Reservation 12．Travel arrangement to keep something for somebody, such as a seat in a train or aircraft. Refreshment 13．That which refreshes, esp. food and drink. Videoconference 14．A teleconference using video technology, such as closed-circuit television. Inherent 15．Existing as a natural and permanent part or quality of.
【英语】五年级下册英语阅读理解题及答案解析
【英语】五年级下册英语阅读理解题及答案解析 一、阅读理解 1．阅读理解根据短文内容判断对错。 Jill is going to a new school. He is very excited.（兴奋的）And his friend, Tony, is going to middle school,（中学）too. They are going to write email to each other. Tony is going to study Chinese, math and physics. But Jill is going to study English, art and science. Jill's house is far from the school. So he is going to school by bus. Tony is going to walk to school. （1）Jill is Tony's brother. （2）Jill is going to be a middle school student. （3）Jill is very excited to go to a new school. （4）Tony is going to study Chinese, math and physics. （5）Tony is going to school by bus because his house is far from the school. 【答案】（1）0 （2）1 （3）1 （4）1 （5）0 【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了吉尔和他的朋友托尼上中学了，他们打算学习不同的学科，吉尔乘公共汽车去上学，托尼打算步行去学校。 （1）句意：吉尔是托尼的弟弟。根据 And his friend, Tony, is going to middle school,too. 可知吉尔是托尼的朋友，故答案为错误。 （2）句意：吉尔将成为一名中学生。根据 Jill is going to a new school. And his friend, Tony, is going to middle school,too. 可知吉尔将成为一名中学生，故答案为正确。 （3）句意：吉尔很高兴能上一所新学校。根据He is very excited. 可知吉尔很高兴能上一所新学校，故答案为正确。 （4）句意：托尼打算学习汉语、数学和物理。根据Tony is going to study Chinese, math and physics. 可知托尼打算学习汉语、数学和物理，故答案为正确。 （5）句意：托尼要坐公共汽车去上学，因为他的家离学校很远。根据Tony is going to walk to school. 可知托尼打算步行去学校，故答案为错误。 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。 2．阅读理解根据短文内容判断句子正误。 I'm John. Jack is my friend. He can play football well. It is winter now. I like making a snowman with him. I can make a snowman well. Kenny is my little sister .She is watching TV with mum in the warm room. I say to Kenny, "Kenny, let's make a snowman outside." Kenny says, "No, I can't make a snowman. I like watching TV in the room with mum." （1）Jack is John's brother. （2）Jack can make a snowman well.
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