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口腔正畸治疗期间医院感染因素及预防措施

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口腔正畸治疗期间医院感染因素及预防措施

刘芳,赖碧娟,郭鑫

(深圳市儿童医院口腔正畸科,广东深圳518026

)摘要:目的 探讨口腔正畸治疗期间发生医院感染的因素及相应的预防措施,为临床治疗提供参考。方法 分

别对口腔正畸器械使用前后进行细菌培养,记录培养结果并评价其受污染的情况;对医护人员的手在洗手前和洗

手后直接取样,

医疗器械物品表面可直接采样,弓丝、橡皮圈等器械直接取样送检,分别作好标记后送实验室培养。结果 各种口腔正畸器械消毒前所受污染较重,消毒后污染明显降低(P<0.05

);新拆封的托槽细菌培养结果为阴性,

而其他正畸材料在消毒前培养结果均为革兰阳性球菌;医师和护士洗手前对手表面取样进行细菌培养,结果均为20CFU/cm2,按照医院施行的医护人员七步洗手法规范洗手后,医师手细菌为0.5CFU/cm

2,护士手细菌为1CFU/cm2;洗手后医护人员的手细菌污染均有很大程度上的降低(P<0.05)

。结论 正确的洗手方式可以有效减少医护人员的手污染,正畸所需器械容易受到污染从而导致患者发生医院感染,需对器械进行严格

消毒隔离,提高医护人员的感染控制意识。

关键词:正畸治疗;医院感染;感染控制;消毒

中图分类号:R181.3+2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-4529(2013)02-0364-

02Exploration of factors of nosocomial infections during

orthodontics treatment and p

reventive measuresLIU Fang

,LAI Bi-juan,GUO Xin(Children's Hospital of Shenzhen,Shenzhen,Guangdong5

18026,China)Abstract:OBJECTIVE To study the factors of nosocomial infections during 

orthodontics treatment and explore theprevention measures so as to p

rovide basis for the clinical treatment.METHODS The bacterial culture wasperformed for all the prthodontics eauip

ment before and after the use of them,the culture result was recorded,thecontamination status was evaluated.The medical staff′s hands were directly 

sampled before and after the washing,and the surfaces of the medical instruments were also directly 

sampled,the arch wires and rubber bands weresubmitted and sampled,then they were marked and sent to the laboratory 

for culture.RESULTS All kinds of theorthodontic devices were contaminated seriously,the incidence of the contamination was significantly 

reduced afterthe disinfection(P<0.05).Bacterial culture of the new bracket was neg

ative,while other orthodontic deviceswere positive with the g

ram-positive cocci.The result of the bacterial culture of the dentists and nurses′hands was20CFU/cm2 before hand washing

,while 0.5CFU/cm2 for the dentists and 1CFU/cm2 for nurses,and thebacterial contamination of medical staff′s hands was significantly 

reduced after the hand washing(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONThe hand contamination could be reduced by 

hand-washing.The medical instruments needed to bestrictly 

disinfected and isolated.The instruments are prone to be contaminated for nosocomial infections.Theawareness of infection control should be 

enhanced.Key 

words:Orthodontics;Nosocomial infection;Infection control;Disinfection收稿日期:2012-10-15; 修回日期:2012-11-25 接受口腔正畸治疗的患者多为青少年,

且人数相对较少,

故目前对这方面医院感染的预防及控制的报道相对较少。事实上,正畸治疗中所需的器材

较多,其中托槽、弓丝及结扎丝等均易受到污染,本

研究对常规正畸治疗过程中可能存在的感染高危因素进行分析,并探讨相应的预防措施。1 材料与方法1.1 材料 本研究中所检测的对象为正畸科医师在门诊行正畸治疗过程中常用的材料,包括托槽、颊

面管、橡皮圈、弓丝等,以及正畸器械包、医护人员手

卫生等。洗脱液由蛋白胨、氯化钠以及吐温-80加·463·中华医院感染学杂志2013年第23卷第2期 Chin J Nosocomiol Vol.23No.2 

2013

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