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《采桑子》阅读理解答案及赏析

《采桑子》阅读理解答案及赏析
《采桑子》阅读理解答案及赏析

《采桑子》阅读理解答案及赏析

采桑子

欧阳修

十年前是尊前客,月白风清。忧患凋零,老去光阴速可惊。

鬓华虽改心无改,试把金觥。旧曲重听,犹似当年醉里声。

1.上片主要运用了哪种表现手法?刻画出怎样的词人形象?请简要分析。(6分)

2.有人评说此词流于颓唐,你同意这种看法吗?请结合下片简要分析。(5分)

参考答案

1.对比。十年前的月白风清与如今的忧患凋零形成鲜明对比。刻画出一个

老病羸弱,饱经忧患,晚景凄凉,内心充满幽愤的词人形象。(手法2分,分析2分,形象2分,共6分)

2.不同意。鬓华虽改心无改,虽然久经人世沧桑,但那颗充满活力的心,

却还似从前一样。试把金觥,一个把字,更显其豪迈气概。(观点1分,分析每点2分,共5分)

【解析】

1.试题分析:此题考察表达技巧的鉴赏。本题两问,第一问首先要明确手法,再结合诗句分析;对比。十年前的月白风清与如今的忧患凋零形成鲜明对比。第二问用概括的语言描述形象的特征,刻画出一个老病羸弱,饱经忧患,

晚景凄凉,内心充满幽愤的词人形象。

考点:鉴赏文学作品的形象、语言和表达技巧。能力层级为鉴赏评价D。

2.试题分析:答此题首先明确观点。根据诗歌的内容分析,鬓华虽改心无改,虽然久经人世沧桑,但那颗充满活力的'心,却还似从前一样。

考点:评价文学作品的思想内容和作者的观点态度。能力层级为鉴赏评价D。

赏析

此词开头是回忆。十年以前,是一个概数,泛指他五十三岁以前的一段生活。那一时期,他曾出守滁州,徜徉山水之间,写过著名的《醉翁亭记》。后

来移守杨州,又常常到竹西、昆冈、大明寺、无双亭等处嘲风咏月、品泉赏花;

特别是仁宗嘉祐中,很顺利地由礼部侍郎拜枢密副使,迁参知政事,最后又加

了上柱国的荣誉称号。这期间,多少人生况味,他只以月白风清四字概括。月

白风清四字,色调明朗,既象征处境的顺利,也反映心情的愉悦,给人的想象

是美好、广阔的。至忧患凋零四字,猛一跌宕,展现十年以后的生活。这一时期,他的好友梅尧臣、苏舜钦相继辞世。友朋凋零,引起他的哀痛。英宗治平

二年,他又患了消渴疾。老病羸弱,更增添他的悲慨。后来英宗去世,神宗即位,他被蒋之奇诬陷为帷薄不修,私从子妇;又因对新法持有异议,受到王安

石的弹劾。这对他个人来说,可谓种种不幸,接踵而来。种种不幸,他仅以忧

患凋零四字概之,以虚代实,更有千钧之力。接着以老去光阴速可惊,作上片

之结,语言朴质无华,斩截有力。速可惊三字,直似从肺腑中发出。

此词下片承前片意脉,有如藕断丝连;但感情上骤然转折,又似异军突起。时光的流逝,不幸的降临,使得词人容颜渐老,但他那颗充满活力的心,却还

似从前一样,于是他豪迈地唱道鬓华虽改心无改!他是把一腔忧愤深深地埋藏

心底,语言虽豪迈而感情却很沉郁。这里,词人久经人世沧桑、历尽宦海浮沉

的老辣性格,似乎隐然可见。以纵酒寻欢来慰藉余年,其中渗透着人生无常、

及时行乐的思想感情。词中接下去就说试把金觥。金觥,大酒杯。《诗周南卷耳》:我姑酌彼兕觥,维以不永伤,本来就有销愁的意思;但此词着一把字,

便显出豪迈的气概。

结尾二句紧承前句。词人手把酒杯,耳听旧曲,似乎自己仍陶醉往日的豪

情盛慨里。这个结尾正与起首相互呼应,相互补充。这里,词人说旧曲重听,

犹似当年醉里声,便补足了前面的意思,首尾相应,运转自如,于是便构成了

统一的艺术整体。曲既旧矣,又复重听,一个旧字,一个重字,便把词人的感

情和读者的想象带到十年以前的环境里。

这首词以情语取胜,即使谈到十年前后的景况,也是抒发感情时自然而然

地带出来的,因而情感充沛,有一气呵成之势;又沉郁顿挫,极一唱三叹之致,已颇具豪放派之词风。

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