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Unit 5

Reading comprehension

1-7: ACBCADD

8: a giant jigsaw puzzle

9: appearance and behavior

10: constructing and mounting

Home listening

I Listen to the Pasaage

A-3 B-2 C-1

II Listen again

1-7: FTTTFFF

III Listen and repeat.

1.There are several differing theroies about what happened to the dinosaurs.

2.It caused enormous clouds of dirt and dust to cover the sky, blocking out the sun

and cuasing the temperature on Earth to fall greatly.

3.Other scientists have somewhat different interpretations.

4.He theorizs that these changes contributed to the global extinction of plant and

animal speices.

5.Other scientists hold very different theories and it will probably be many years

before the debate is resloved completely.

Audio script

New Science

Dinosaur Debate

There are several differing theories about what happpened to the dinosaurs. Scientists agree that about 50 percent of all the plants and animals that existed on earth became extinct about 65 million years ago. They also agree that at a similar time, a huge piece of rock from outer space, called a “meteorite”, landed in Mexico. Using this as a strating point, Doctor of Physics Luis Alvarez proposed the following theory: the impact of the meteorite was so strong that it caused enormous clouds of dirt and dust to cover the sky, blocking out the sun and causing the temperature on Earth to fall greatly. The result ws called “impact winter”. Followers of this theory believe that during this cool period, many types of plants died out, which in turn resulted in the etinction of many animals on Earth, including dinosaurs

Other scientists have somewhat different interpertations of why the dinosaurs disappeared. Dewey Mclean, a geologist at Virginia Polytechnic University, agrees that the impact caused severe changes in the earth’s climate. However, he believes that the earth was already experiencing an overall rise in the temperature of its atmosphere called “global warming”. He felt that this was due to extremely active

volcanoes on the Indian subcontinent, which were spilling out vast quantities of melted rock, or lava, onto the earth’s surface. Scentists believe that the lava covered over a million square miles of India and the surrounding countries. Mclean believes that this volcanic activity resulted in changes to the balance of chemicals in the air and the ocean water. He theorizes that these changes contributed to the global extinction of plant and animal species because they could not surviv the chemical changes in their environment.

Peter Ward, professor of geological sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle, adds his own view to those of earlier researchers. He agrees with Dr.Mclean that dinosaurs did not become extinct because fo a single meteorite impact. He also agrees that global warming, principally caused by vocanic activity, was the reason for their dying out. However, he suggests that volcanoes in northern Russia contributed to the changes in the climate. He points to scientific evidence showing that the process of extinction was a slow one, lasting millions of years, which indicates that it was not a sudden occurrence. Other scientists hold very different theories and it will probably be many years before the debate is resolved completely.

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