读写译第四级第五版十五选十参考答案

UNIT1

In order to generate positive press, Philip Knight, the chairman and executive if Nike, announced that he would toughen the health and safety standards and decrease the use of child labor. Although there is a lot of smoke in knight's initiative, if Knight keeps his promise, it is necessary for other apparel

s Despite an excellent employment history, she found herself demoted from team leader to cleaning the toilets and at last was forced to resign. It seems that there is no change in Nike.

为了产生积极的新闻，耐克的董事长兼执行官菲利普奈特宣布他将强化健康和安全标准并减少使用童工。虽然骑士的倡议有很多烟，但如果奈特信守诺言，其他服装公司也有

必要作出类似的承诺。鞋类工厂配备了可能造成严重伤害的重型机械，工厂使用的大部分原材料都是有毒的。奈特的童工倡议是一个烟幕。为了保持良好的公共关系，奈特宣布他将严厉打击儿童的使用。耐克面临的最大问题是，海外工人的工资水平低于工资，即使是微不足道的工资也会对海外工厂工人的生活产生重大影响。人权组织一直在说，耐克的海外工人每天至少需要花3美元才能满足他们的基本食物，住所和衣物需求。然而，耐克的一个主要策略是重塑其公众形象，以消除任意滥用，同时尽可能少地为工人做。越南耐克工人Nguyen透露，从团队领导到清洁厕所，公众使用体罚和tapr工作条件尽管有良好的工作经历，她发现自己从团队领导降职到清洁厕所，最后被迫辞职。似乎耐克没有变化。

相当多的印度儿童适应工作，因为如果没有他们，他们的家庭就无法过上体面的生活。这在印度是一个广泛传播的现象，让孩子们能够帮助维持他们的家庭。年轻的工人通常过着悲惨的生活，住在贫民窟，每天都会接触到疾病。结果，他们中的许多人开始从毒害中受苦，这可能与他们的工作有关。虽然有些父母为了让他们的孩子接受教育，但童工问题已经持续了很长时间。印度政府已经努力试图废除这种做法，并帮助哄骗工作的孩子离开劳动力队伍。此外，国际劳工组织一直在提出寻找出路的建议。然而，在印度出现一些根本性变化之前，不会完全或成功地消除童工现象。

As it happened, the man was a visiting physics professor from Rome-part of the flood of scientists fleeing postwar Europe. Having just arrived, he was given directions to the lab, found it was dirty, and began cleaning it up. He was doing research in cosmic rays. And he was the first one who made me think that

因此，如果天生的科学礼物不是必不可少的，那么科学家的特质是什么呢？

莱德曼说，第一个是“全心投入”。他说，科学家需要“抵制被劝阻”。“你必须能够度过很短的时期，其中有许多。你需要愿意努力工作并且一心一意 - 思考你在剃须时所做的事情。它能够完全迷恋你，所以你对假期，睡觉，吃饭或其他任何东西都不感兴趣。当然，你必须抬起头来。但是你需要能够去三个月左右在婴儿床上小睡，硬币机出来的食物。”

Psychologists are finding that hope plays a surprisingly powerful role for success in life. According to Dr. Charles R. Snyder, hope has proven to be a powerful predictor of outcome. For example, the level of hope among freshmen at the beginning of their first semester was an accurate predictor of their college performance. Students with high hope set themselves higher goals and know how to work to attain them. Hope is not merely the sense that everything will turn out all right. This notion blurs two key components of hope: will and way. Having hope means believing you have both of them to accomplish your goals, whatever they may be. Unfortunately, despite the folk wisdom that "where there’s a will, there's a way," Dr. Snyder has found that the two are not necessarily connected. Not all people have both the willpower and means to accomplish their goals.

People with high levels of hope share several attributes: they turn to friends for advice on how to achieve their goals; they tell themselves they can succeed at what they need to do. When faced with difficulties, they tell themselves things will get better as time goes on; they are flexible enough to find different ways to get to their goals. If hope for one goal fades, they aim for another; and they are able to break a formidable task into specific, manageable chunks.

Snyder believes hope can be nurtured. In an attempt to help children learn mental habit of hopefulness, he has made a videotape showing interviews with students who are high on hope. He believes similar approaches might work to

raise hopefulness among other groups, such as children in impoverished neighborhoods.

心理学家发现，希望在生活中取得了令人惊讶的巨大作用。根据Charles R. Snyder 博士的观点，希望已被证明是结果的有力预测指标。例如，新生在第一学期开始时的希望程度就是他们大学表现的准确预测。抱有很高希望的学生为自己设定了更高的目标，并且知道如何努力实现目标。希望不仅仅是一切都会好转的感觉。这个概念模糊了希望的两个关键组成部分：意志和方式。拥有希望意味着相信你有两个人都能实现你的目标，无论他们是什么。不幸的是，尽管有民间智慧，“哪里有遗嘱，有办法，”斯奈德博士发现两者并不一定是联系在一起的。并非所有人都有意志力和手段来实现他们的目标。

具有高度希望的人有几个共同的属性：他们向朋友寻求关于如何实现目标的建议;他们告诉自己，他们可以在他们需要做的事情上取得成功。面对困难时，他们会告诉自己随着时间的推移，事情会变得更好;他们足够灵活，可以找到不同的方法来实现目标。如果一个目标的希望消退，他们就会瞄准另一个目标;并且他们能够将强大的任务分解为特定的，可管理的块。

斯奈德相信希望可以得到培养。为了帮助孩子们学习充满希望的心理习惯，他制作了一个录像带，展示了对那些充满希望的学生的采访。他认为类似的方法可能有助于提高其他群体的希望，例如贫困社区的儿童。

UNIT4

(注意：下文为10选10)

Cox, a botany professor, scours the world's flora in search of plants that will benefit Western medicine. He spent years in Samoa interviewing or apprenticing himself to traditional healers with the knowledge of the recipes containing plants whose chemical compounds might help combat incurable diseases-notably cancer AIDS, and Alzheimer’s. The drive is intensifying to collect and screen more natural products for their medicinal effects. Major technological advances in screening processes have helped Cox and other ethnobotanists immensely. Pharmacologists (药物学家) must analyze a lot of chemical compounds before finding one with the potential to be tested for efficacy in humans. As a result of these advances, drug companies and scientific

institutions are collaborating on field research all over the globe, racing to study as many natural substances as possible. Cox holds that it is very necessary to help native people understand the wealth of their heritage so that they will want to preserve it.

植物学教授考克斯（Cox）在寻找有利于西方医学的植物时搜寻世界植物。他花了数年时间在萨摩亚采访或传授自己的传统治疗师，了解含有植物的食谱，这些植物的化学成分可能有助于对抗无法治愈的疾病 - 尤其是癌症艾滋病和老年痴呆症。该驱动器正在加强收集和筛选更多天然产品的药效。筛选过程中的主要技术进步极大地帮助了Cox和其他民族植物学家。药物学家（Pharmacologists）必须先分析大量化学化合物，然后才能找到有可能在人体内进行功效测试的化合物。由于这些进步，制药公司和科研机构正在全球范围内进行实地研究合作，争取尽可能多地研究天然物质。考克斯认为，帮助当地人了解他们的遗产财富是非常必要的，这样他们就可以保留遗产。

Worldwide natural disasters have claimed thousands of lives and caused millions of dollars in damages each year. Statistics show that it is always the poorest countries that are the hardest hit, both in terms of economy and human life.

However, the World Meteorological Organization says that casualties from natural disasters can be cut in half if proper disaster preparations, including early warning, are in place. China, for example, successful minimized the effects of a typhoon in 1997 thanks to its accurate weather forecasting.

In regards to forecasting, developed countries and developing countries differ considerably in terms of accessibility to weather data, vulnerability to disasters as well as level of preparedness.

Scientists argue that a lot can be done to prevent natural hazards from becoming natural disasters. Therefore, the WMO has launched an initiative to

help developing countries improve early warning and disaster preparedness and to strengthen weather agencies.

世界范围内的自然灾害造成数千人死亡，每年造成数百万美元的损失。统计数据显示，在经济和人类生活方面，始终是最受打击最严重的国家。

但是，世界气象组织表示，如果采取适当的灾害准备，包括预警，可以减少自然灾害造成的伤亡。例如，由于其准确的天气预报，中国在1997年成功地减少了台风的影响。

在预测方面，发达国家和发展中国家在获取气象数据，易受灾害影响以及准备程度方

族学生的社区学院学习后，我决定转学到艺术学校，在那里我有更多的机会与美国人交流。并追求成为一名成功的平面设计师的目标。在努力融入美国主流文化的同时，我意识到获得教育是实现“美国梦”的最重要的垫脚之一。然而，在艺术学校学习，我遇到了巨大的挑战，导致难以维持我的身份。

大学英语读写译(1)期末测试题及答案1

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2017-2019年英语四级考试十五选十真题及答案汇总

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读写译第四级第五版十五选十参考答案

UNIT1 In order to generate positive press, Philip Knight, the chairman and executive if Nike, announced that he would toughen the health and safety standards and decrease the use of child labor. Although there is a lot of smoke in knight's initiative, if Knight keeps his promise, it is necessary for other apparel s Despite an excellent employment history, she found herself demoted from team leader to cleaning the toilets and at last was forced to resign. It seems that there is no change in Nike. 为了产生积极的新闻，耐克的董事长兼执行官菲利普奈特宣布他将强化健康和安全标准并减少使用童工。虽然骑士的倡议有很多烟，但如果奈特信守诺言，其他服装公司也有

必要作出类似的承诺。鞋类工厂配备了可能造成严重伤害的重型机械，工厂使用的大部分原材料都是有毒的。奈特的童工倡议是一个烟幕。为了保持良好的公共关系，奈特宣布他将严厉打击儿童的使用。耐克面临的最大问题是，海外工人的工资水平低于工资，即使是微不足道的工资也会对海外工厂工人的生活产生重大影响。人权组织一直在说，耐克的海外工人每天至少需要花3美元才能满足他们的基本食物，住所和衣物需求。然而，耐克的一个主要策略是重塑其公众形象，以消除任意滥用，同时尽可能少地为工人做。越南耐克工人Nguyen透露，从团队领导到清洁厕所，公众使用体罚和tapr工作条件尽管有良好的工作经历，她发现自己从团队领导降职到清洁厕所，最后被迫辞职。似乎耐克没有变化。 相当多的印度儿童适应工作，因为如果没有他们，他们的家庭就无法过上体面的生活。这在印度是一个广泛传播的现象，让孩子们能够帮助维持他们的家庭。年轻的工人通常过着悲惨的生活，住在贫民窟，每天都会接触到疾病。结果，他们中的许多人开始从毒害中受苦，这可能与他们的工作有关。虽然有些父母为了让他们的孩子接受教育，但童工问题已经持续了很长时间。印度政府已经努力试图废除这种做法，并帮助哄骗工作的孩子离开劳动力队伍。此外，国际劳工组织一直在提出寻找出路的建议。然而，在印度出现一些根本性变化之前，不会完全或成功地消除童工现象。

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第一步是每位同学都要去做的，就是把15个单词通过后缀进行词性分类，但是通常我的习惯是遇到动词进行二次分类：确定时态，确定单三还是非单三;遇到名词确定单数还是复数;单词不认识不应该成为学生放弃选词填空的原因。以下是4级历年真题选词填空中出现频率最高的后缀：名词后缀：tion/sion/ness/ment/er/or/ist/ism 形容词后缀：able/al/ant/ent/tive/sive/ous/less/ed/ing 动词后缀：ate/lize/ing/ed 副词后缀：ly/ward/wise 在历年真题中只要出现ly一定为副

词 1.确定空格为名词 (1) 空格前为形容词，应填名词。 (2) 空格前为及物动词，应填名词。 (3) 空格前为冠词a /an/the，应填名词。 (4) 空格前为介词，空格充当该介词的宾语，应填名词。 (5) 空格后为谓语动词，且空格前没有句子主语，应填名词。 2.确定空格为动词 (1) 空格前已有名词或代词做主语，后面又有名词或代词作为动词的宾语，且中间无谓语动词，空格处应

为及物动词。 (2) 空格前是be动词，后面又无宾语且句意为被动，空格中应填及物动词的过去分词。 (3) 空格前是名词或代词做主语，后面无宾语或有一个介词加宾语，且中间无谓语动词，空格处应填不及物动词。 (4) 空格前是名词或代词做主语，后面是形容词，空格应填入系动词或be动词。 (5) 空格前有不定式标志to，空格处应填入动词原形；另一种情况to 是介词，后面应填入动名词。 3.空格可能为形容词

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