英语精读 考试答案
L1 1.Poverty being caused in the bed meant that the rich were not responsible for either its creation or its amelioration.
===Since poverty was caused by overproduction of children, the rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked to undertake the task of solving the problem.
2In the course of the present century, however, Social Darwinism came to be considered a bit too cruel.
===People began to reject Social Darwinism because it seemed to glorify brutal force and oppose the treasured.
3It is then argued that the government is inherently incompetent, except as regards weapons design and procurement and the overall management of the Pentagon.
===they pointed out the government is incapable except on designing and purchasing of weapons and on the overall management of the Pentagon.
4Being incompetent and ineffective, it must not be asked to succor the poor; it will only louse things up or make things worse.
===since the government is incapable and inefficient , it should not been asked to undertake the task of aiding the poor. Otherwise, it will make a mess of the job or make the situation worse.
5Finally, when all else fails, we resort to simple psychological denial.
===when all the formulas are in vain, we just simply give a blind eye to the poverty.
6This is a psychic tendency that in various manifestations is common to us all.
===we all have the tendency to close our eyes to unpleasant things or refuse to think about them .this tendency may take different forms.
L2、1As we drove off, Arcadia with its dirt streets and free-roaming cattle, its barns and outhouses, looked liked a metropolis.
===at the turn of the last century, compared with the unsettled areas the author’s family later lived in, Arcadia seemed almost like a major city. 1My father and grandmother had delivered her
without mishap.
===my little sister was cared by my father and
grandmother so well that she got no illness.
L5 1.the national rejection of dogmatic
preconceptions about the nature of the social and
economic order.
==as a nation ,America has refused to cling to certain
rigid principles concerning social and economic
development .America has been adaptable and
flexible.
2Nor can one suggest that Americans have been
consistently immune to the ideological temptation
==no one can say that Americans have never been
tempted by the approach of understanding, preserving
or transforming the world according to rigid dogmas.
3and any intellect so shaped was bound to have
certain vulnerability to secular ideology ever after.
==A mind influenced by Calvinist theology would
surely find it somewhat difficult to resist other
temptations to ideological thinking.
4Pragmatism is no more wholly devoid of
abstractions than ideology is wholly devoid of
experience
==Abstract ideas have a place in pragmatism just as
experience has a role in ideology.
5As an ideologist, however, Jefferson is today remote
—a figure not of present concern but of historical
curiosity.
==as a man following a fixed set of beliefs ,Jefferson
is only an interesting historical figure.
6whose central dogma is confided to the custody of
an infallible priesthood
==His beliefs are out of date and are irrelevant to
present reality,the essence of the theoretical system is
put in hands of a small group of people who can
never go wrong.
7where free men may find partial truths,but where no
mortal man will ever get an absolute grip on Absolute
Truth
==in the universe a person whose mind is
unconstrained may be able to discover relative truths
but no man on earth can claim that he has already
grasped the one and only Truth.
8But ideology is a drug; no matter how much it is
exposed by experience, the craving for it still persists.
==Ideology has the characteristic of a narcotic.In
spite of the fact that it has been proven wrong many
times by experience,people still long to commit
themselves to ideology.
9 the only certainty in an absolute system is the
certainty of absolute abuse.
==the only thing that is sure of a despotic system is
its unrestricted exercise of power.
10The distinctive human triumph, in their judgment,
lies in the capacity to understand the frailty of human
striving but to strive nonetheless.
==the most outstanding achievement of humanity is
they know that no matter how hard they try ,they
cannot achieve Absolute Truth,yet they continue to
make great efforts and refuse to give up.
英翻汉
1、The American experience was unique in a number
of ways.
美国的经验在许多方面都是独特的。
2、The country was blessed by notable advantages—
above all, by the fact that population and resources
was obviously not the only factor in American
development
这个国家有着得天独厚的优势--主要是人口相对稀
少而资源十分丰富。
3、It arose originally from a philosophical rather
than an economic commitment
它源于对四项原则的信仰，而不是出于经济利益的
追求。
4、We have found no better way than democracy to
fulfill man’s talents and release his energies.
我们发现民主是使人的才智得到充分施展、人的能
量得以充分发挥的最好方式。
5、In the record of this conflict, ideology has
attracted some of the strongest intelligences mankind
has produced
在意识形态体系与经验主义斗争的历史上，意识形
态体系曾吸收了人类历史上一些聪明绝顶的人物
6、In its finest hours, the Unite States has, so to
speak, risen above ideology.
在她处于最佳时期时，美国可以说超越了所有的意
识形态体系。
7、that government was best which governed least;
政府管得越少越好
8、Indeed, the whole ideological enterprise
contradicted Jefferson’s temper, which was basically
flexible and experimental
说实在的，杰斐逊医生在意识形态体系上所做的努
力与他的性格是相矛盾的。他的性格特征基本上是
灵活的，从经验出发的。
9、Indeed, I would suggest that we might well banish
some overloaded words from intellectual discourse
我甚至建议在思想界和学术界的讨论中摒弃某些
用滥了的词汇。这些词语只能是头脑发热，而不会
给人以智慧的光芒。
10、Free men know many truths, but the doubt whether any mortal man knows the Truth.
自由人掌握许多具体的真理，但他们认为没有一个凡人能够掌握绝对真理。
L7、1.for man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life.
==As a result of technological development,human beings now have the power to put an end to poverty and human misery,but at the same time they also possess the power to destroy the whole world,rendering it uninhabitable and lifeless.
2Unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights.
==we do not want to see or to allow the slow destruction of those human rights.
3To those peoples in the huts and villages of half the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery ,we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves.
==To the people of the underdeveloped countries living in poverty in rural areas ,we are committed to helping them to rid themselves of mass poverty by their own efforts.
4But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile power.
==But we should not let any Communist power take advantage of this alliance for progress too expand its influence.
5And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.
==We want to make clear to the Communist powers that Americans are the Americans of the Americans.do not attempt to penetrate into this area. 6Before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.
==before the world is destroyed by a nuclear war launched in a preemptive attack or caused by accident.
7Yet both racing to alter the uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind’s final war.
==yet both sides attempt to get an edge in the unclear arms race so as to break the mutual deterrence which has so far prevented the outbreak of a nuclear war.
8Civility is not a sign of weakness ,and sincerity is always subject to proof.
==To be ready to negotiate and establish friendly relations does not mean that we are weak or
afraid.Declarations of sincere intention have to be
tested by actions.
9Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science
instead of its terrors.
==let the two sides use the fruits of science for the
benefit of humanity rather than using high-tech
weapons to kill and destroy.
10Each generation of American has been summoned
to give testimony to its national loyalty.
==there have been occasions for each generation of
Americans to be called upon to fight and die for their
country.
英翻中
1、we observe today not a victory of party but a
celebration of freedom---symbolizing an end as well
as a beginning---signifying renewal as well as
change.
我们今天庆祝的不是党派的胜利而是自由的选择
---象征着一个时代的结束和另一个时代的开始---
意味着延续与变化。
2、United,there is little we cannot do in a host of
cooperative ventures .divided,there is little we can
do--for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds
and split asunder.
如果我们团结一致，我们在一系列共同从事的事业
中就可以无往而不胜。如果我们四分五裂，我们就
会一事无成---因为在意见分歧，四分五期的情况
下，我们不敢迎接强有力的挑战。
3、One form of colonial control shall not have
passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron
tyranny.
一种殖民控制的形式的消失，不应为另一种更为残
酷的暴政所取代。
4、And to remember that ,in the past,those who
foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger
ended up inside.
要记住，在过去，那些愚蠢地想靠与虎谋皮而得势
的人最终都为虎所食。
5、We renew our pledge of support---to prevent it
form becoming merely a forum for invective--to
strengthen its shield of the new and the weak ---and
to enlarge the area in which its writ
我们重申我们的支持---不让其变成一个相互指责
的论坛---加强其对新生国家和弱小国家的保护---
扩大其主导作用的领域。
6、For only when our arms are sufficient beyond
doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will
never be employed.
只有当我们的军力强大无比时，我们才有把握用不
使用武力。
7、Let us never negotiate out of fear.but let us never
fear to negotiate
我们永远不会由于恐惧而去谈判，但我们用不畏惧
谈判。.
8、And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back
the jungles of suspicion。
如贵一点小小的一点合作能驱散深深地猜疑
9、In your hands ,my fellow citizens,more than
mine,will rest the final success or failure of our
course.
同胞们，我们的事业最终的成败不是掌握在我手
中，而是掌握在你们手中。
10、Ask not what your country can do for you---ask
what you can do for your country .
11、不要问你的国家能为你做什么，要自问你能为
你的国家做何贡献。
T 1 it might have been
F2 the raising of a pig
F3 the author had
T4 according to the narrator’s
F5 ―we‖ who told the
F6Many years after
F7the man lying in her
T8 the reason for the change
T9 covered with a thick coat
T10 the fact that I cannot
T11 to buy a piglet in spring
F12 my pig did not show up
F13 the narrator was very worried
T14it was a small village
T15 Emily’s father had loaned
T16 Emily’s house smelled
F17 Emily probably killed the man
F18 when Emily died the townspeople
T19 what may surprise the reader
A 卷TFFTT TTFFT FFFTT B卷TTTFTT TTFFT
L1I would like to reflect on one of the oldest of human exercises, the process by which over the years, and indeed over the centuries, we have undertaken to get the poor off our conscience. Rich and poor have lived together, always uncomfortably and sometimes perilously, since the beginning of time. Plutarch was led to say:
―An imbalance between the rich and poor is the oldest and most fatal ailment of republics.‖ And the problems that arise from the continuing
co-existence of affluence and poverty–and particularly the process by which good fortune is justified in the presence of the ill fortune of others — have been an intellectual preoccupation for centuries. They continue to be so in our own time.
One begins with the solution proposed in the Bible: the poor suffer in this world but are wonderfully rewarded in the next. The poverty is a temporary misfortune; if they are poor and also meek they eventually will inherit the earth. This is, in some ways, an admirable solution. It allows the rich to enjoy their wealth while envying the poor their future fortune.
L5The American tradition has found this view of human history repugnant and false. This tradition sees the world as many, not as one. These empirical instincts, the preference for fact over logic, for deed over dogma, have found their most brilliant expression in the writings of William James and in the approach to philosophical problems which James called “radical empiricism”. Against the belief in the all-encompassing power of a single explanation, against the commitment to the absolutism of ideology, against the notion that all answers to political and social problems can be found in the back of some sacred book, against the deterministic interpretation of history, against the closed universe, James stood for what he called the unfinished universe—a universe marked by growth, variety, ambiguity, mystery, and contingency—a universe where free men may find partial truths, but where no mortal man will ever get an absolute grip on Absolute Truth, a universe where social progress depends not on capitulation to a single, all-consuming body of doctrine, but on the uncoerced intercourse of unconstrained minds.
Ideologists are afraid of the free flow of ideas, even of deviant ideas within their own ideology. They are convinced they have a monopoly on the Truth. Therefore they always feel that they are only saving the world when they slaughter the heretics. Their objective remains that of making the world over in the image of their dogmatic ideology. The goal is a monolithic world, organized on the principle of infallibility—but the only certainty in an absolute system is the certainty of absolute abuse. The goal of free men is quite different. Free men know many truths, but the doubt whether any mortal man knows the Truth. Their religious and their intellectual heritage join in leading them to suspect fellow men who lay claim to infallibility. They believe that there is no greater delusion than for man to mistake himself for God. They accept the limitations of the human intellect and the infirmity of the human spirit. The distinctive human triumph, in their judgment, lies in the capacity to understand the frailty of human striving but to strive nonetheless.
L7,we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom—symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning—signifying renewal, as well as change. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.
The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe—the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God.
大学英语精读1 期末考试卷及参考答案
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大学英语精读考试试卷 （共计100分，时间90分钟） 一、选词填空（每题3分，共45分） decrease typical whatsoever enclosed gap neighborhood relieve qualifications worthwhile laundry findings proposal current boring recognized 1、A summer day in that area is hot and dry. 2、The houses in our are very expensive. 3、It is true that these herbs（药草）can be used to pain. 4、They are making further efforts to the cost of production. 5、My brother told me that he had met with no difficulty in learning English grammar. 6、The lecture was so that I couldn’t help yawning（打哈欠）. 7、We hope that the management will take note of the and improve their products accordingly（相应地）. 8、I had not seen him for 16 years, but I him immediately. 9、Enid considered teaching a career（职业）. 10、The government is taking effective measures to overcome difficulties. 11、The mayor put forward a to improve public transportation. 12、I am afraid that the between rich and poor is still widening in our country. 13、Mom told me to put my dirty clothes in the basket. 14、Frank a letter with the English novel which he sent to me. 15、Do you think Helen has the right for the job? 二、完形填空（每题0.5分，共计10分） Around the world more and more people are ___1___ dangerous sports and activities. Of course there have always been people who have ___2___ adventure—those who have climbed the ___3__ mountains, explored unknown parts of the world or _4_ in small boats across the greatest oceans. Now, however, there are
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大学英语精读第一册课后练习部分答案 Unit 1 Cloze (A) 1. aware 2. performance 3. average 4. adequate 5. set aside 6. mentions 7. look over 8. commit (B) 1. if/once 2. about 3. it 4. know 5. up 6. as 7. from 8. words 9. into 10. other 11. for 12. when Translation 1、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。 His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。 Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home. 3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。 I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job. 4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。 The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits. 5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers)来解决各种各样的问题。In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems. 6、略读不仅可以帮助你对将要阅读的东西有所了解，还可以帮助你读得快些，提高你的阅读理解力。 Skimming not only helps you get some idea of what you are going to read but also helps you read faster and improve your comprehension. 7、有些人以为男孩子比女孩子聪明。然而，事实未必如此。 Some people believe that boys are cleverer than girls. This is not necessarily the case, however. 8、即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯习惯而成为优等生。 Even students of average intelligence can become top students by improving their study habits.
大学英语精读1测试题
ⅠVocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: This section is to test the use of vocabulary and structure. There are 20 incomplete sentences in it. You are required to complete each one by choosing the most appropriate word or phrase from the 4 choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then you should write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. 1.It took us ______ less than three hours to do the work. A. no B. not C. none D. nothing 2.George is ______ Jack. E. as an efficient worker as F. an as efficient worker as G. as efficient a worker as H. an efficient worker as 3.______ hearing the news, all of them jumped with joy. I. At J. As K. By L. On 4.______ during the war, the airport has never been used again. M. Have been damaged N. Having been damaged O. Being damaged P. Damaged 5.The Smith family will have gone ______ by the time we finish summer school. Q. camp R. camp S. camping T. camped 6.Brass is similar ______ gold ______ color. U. to卛n V. in協or W. to協or X. with卛n 7.Not only the society but also the people in it ______. Y. has changed Z. have changed AA. h ave been changed BB. has been changed 8.I asked the secretary if there were ______ tickets but she had only the expensive ______. CC. one卭nes DD. a ny卭ne EE. some卭nes FF. any卭nes 9.Problems can ______ when people have no knowledge of law. GG. rise HH. r aise II. arise JJ. rose
大学英语精读期末考试试题
一，连线 1 extremely a. very 2 hazard b. danger 3 pollute c. make dirty or unfit for use 4 originally d. in the beginning 5 feasibility e. possibility of being carried out6survive f. continue to live7 atmosphere g. the whole mass of air round the earth 8 conclusion h. belief or opinion which is the result 9 procceed i. continue after an interruption10 conference j. a meeting for discussion11 billion k. a thousand million12 humorous l. amusing and funny 1 mysterious c. hid2vanish f. arrive as expected 3 mask j. move 4 pull into i. shock5bightly h. go back 6. come through e. cheerfully and happily7 exclaim b. disappear8 retreat g. cry loudly9 stun d arrive at10 make one’s way a. hard to explain or under 二.填空. 1. Industrial cities such as Chicago and Detroit have severely ________the waters of the Great Lakes. 2. They are studying the ______ of building a new shopping center outside town. 3. Medical researchers reached the _________long ago that smoking is a serious __________to health. 4. George Washington, the first President of the United States, is _________the Father of His Country. 5. The fire that broke out in the plant during the night was still seen ________a lot of smoke the next morning. 6. The World Cup was transmitted around the world by ________. 7. The movie we are going to see is said to be ________the life story of an American general. 8. They are nine _________in the solar system. They are : Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Uranus, Neptune and Pluto. 9. Supporters of gun control have worked for many years to ban the sale of ___________handguns in American. 10. My native town, which was _________rather small, has now been built into one of the biggest cities in the province. 11. Jinmao Building in Pudong, Shanghai an be seen from miles away,_________ into the sky. 12. The speaker said something about the actors first and then __________to talk about the film. 13. We had a long debate ___________whether we should spend so mush money on space technology. 14. A plate dropped from her fingers and _________into pieces on the kitchen floor. 15. The bad weather __________our building program by three weeks. 16. “Why won’t you to go to Tibet with me ?” “_________,l don’t like fl ying, and _______________,l can’t afford it .”
二十一世纪大学英语精读第三册课后答案
1.Do you think that making music and art compulsory subjects in schools would reduce some children’s enjoyment of them? 2.Bob’s one of those people who relish risk and danger-he’d be bored in a safe ,steady job. 3.Elizabeth is certainly talented enough to succeed in her career; she just doesn’t have enough confidence in her own abilities. 4.I’m sorry you’re in trouble, but as you made your decision on your own you’ll just have to face the consequence. 5.Many educators would be delighted to abolish exams, but they also worry that without them there would be too little incentive for students to work hard. 6.The teacher accidentally hit the boy’s hand with an eraser and was hence force known as “Dead-Eye Bean.” 7.If I had money ,I’d invest it all in internet companies. 8.Psychologist say that our behavior is influenced by many factors too subtle for us to consciously perceive. 9.He’s always had a passion for books. If he could work in a library, it would be a dream comes true. 10.Look at those three whispering in the corner again-they’re scheming something, I just don’t know what! 11.In a healthy relationship,the partners’strengths and abilities complement each other,rather than being identical. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2818061252.html,lions of dollars and lots of famous actors are not indispensable to the production of a successful film,but they help! 13.I never felt i had a right to expect any special privileges because of my university education. 14.The markeing strategy that Edward proposed would be brilliant if only he hadn’t forgotten about good business ethics. 15.It’s true that not having a car imposes some constraints,but owning one also complicates life in many ways. 16.According to Chinese law,every child is entitled to nine years of free edu. 17.Life should consist of more than juse a stuggle for surrival. 18.The sight of the helpless child aroused her maternal instinct . 19.T he winners of the contest were chosen randomly ,no consideration was given to age,gender or income. 20.He has lost the use of his limbs but he is still in possession of all his faculties. 21.Please give the highest priority to this very urgent. 22.She enjoy parts of her trip to India,but said she she found the poverty she saw there rather depressing . 23.When every student imagines that every other student is working harder and doing better, stress is the inevitable result. 24.It is my firm conviction that violence is never a reasonable solution to conflict. 25.Everyone jumped up when a piercing scream suddenly broke the silence, 26.In many cultures a memorial service is a joyful celebration, not a solemn event. 27.The recession has put increasing pressure on the job market, so employment prospects for this year’s graduates are unfortunately rather grim.
大学生英语精读复习期末考试
Vocabulary (Unit1) 1. A thoughtful person thinks before speaking and considers the feelings of others.(一个考虑周到的人总是先思考再说话，而且总是考虑到别人的感受。) 2. The library is closing. We might as well go home. (图书馆关门了，我们最好还是回家) to draw your attention to the fact that there is like 3. I'd some sense after all in the speaker's nonsense. (我想让你注意到这样一个事实，在演讲者的胡言乱语中总有一定的意义) has a vivid imagination; he can make 4. Harry up marvelous stories. (哈利具有丰富的想象力，他能编出奇特的故事) 5. Although Margie was swimming so well, she failed to win the first prize and had to settle for the second. (尽管玛吉游泳游的很棒，但他未能获得第一，而只能屈居第二) 'm quite determined to have 6. Ithe thing finished and done
with before leaving the office. (我坚决完成此事并且要在下班前做完) 7. Competitive sports are recommended to young adults to prepare them for the competition world of college and business. (年轻人应该多进行一些经济性的体育运动以适应充满竞争的大学生活和商业活动) 8. It pained me to admit that I was such a fool as to repeat the ) 承认我是个重复犯同样错误的傻瓜，这使我感到痛苦 mistake( 9.My boss paid me and added a bonus for the new customers I had signed up(老板付给我工资并发了奖金奖励我签了新客户) 10.A soldier should never shrink form the duty of defending his country even in the face of certain death(即使面对死亡，一名战士也不应该逃避保卫祖国的职责) 11. Due to exceptionally bad weather, the ship arrived late
大学英语精读第一册全部答案
Unit 1 Cloze (A) 1. aware 2. performance 3. average 4. adequate 5. set aside 6. mentions 7. look over 8. commit (B) 1. if/once 2. about 3. it 4. know 5. up 6. as 7. from 8. words 9. into 10. other 11. for 12. when Translation 1、他这次考试的失败使他意识到定期复习功课的重要。 His failure in the exam has made him aware of the importance of reviewing his lessons regularly. 2、请一定不要忘记离家前你父母对你说过的话。 Be sure not to forget what your parents said to you before you left home. 3、我确信她的英语知识对这项工作来说是足够的了。 I'm sure her knowledge of English is adequate for the job. 4、这篇文章的目的是告诉学生怎样培养良好的学习习惯。 The purpose of this article is to tell the students how to develop good study habits. 5、在当今时代，人们越来越多地依靠计算机(computers)来解决各种各样的问题。In our age, people depend more and more on computers to solve various kinds of difficult problems. 6、略读不仅可以帮助你对将要阅读的东西有所了解，还可以帮助你读得快些，提高你的阅读理解力。 Skimming not only helps you get some idea of what you are going to read but also helps you read faster and improve your comprehension. 7、有些人以为男孩子比女孩子聪明。然而，事实未必如此。 Some people believe that boys are cleverer than girls. This is not necessarily the case, however. 8、即使智力一般的学生也可以通过改进学习习惯习惯而成为优等生。 Even students of average intelligence can become top students by improving their study habits. Unit 2 Cloze (A) 1. adventure 2. in spite of 3. determined 4.accomplish 5. voyage 6. attempts 7. dissuade 8. give up 9. covered (B) 1. conquer 2. about 3. succeeded 4. between 5. through 6. high 7. sail 8. follow/take 9. round 10. then 11. but 12. As 13. made 14. fast 15. did 16. ever 17. that 18. did Translation