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现在完成时及现在完成进行时讲解及练习

一.现在完成时的构成:

现在完成时由助动词have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。has用于第三人称单数,have用于其他各种人称.

二.现在完成时的用法:其用法主要有三种

I.“已完成”用法 :表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。

1）表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。常和just，now，already，yet，not…yet 等不确定的时间状语连用。

Li Ming has just turned off the light. 李明刚刚把灯关上。（说明现在灯关上了）I've finished my homework now. 现在我已经做完作业了。（说明可以交作业或做别的了）

2）表示过去动作的结果，现在仍残留着。一般不用时间状语。

I have lost my pen. 我把笔丢了。（说明过去某时丢的，现在我还没找到这支笔）She has become a teacher. 她已经当了老师。（说明她现在仍是老师）

II.“未完成”用法。表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，持续到现在，可能继续下去，也可能刚刚结束。常和表示一段时间的状语连用。如today，this week （month），lately，recently，these days，in the past few days，during the last two weeks，since，since yesterday，since 2 days ago，since 1991，for a long time，for a month，so far，up to now，till（until）now等。

He has lived here for 30 years. 他住在这儿三十年了。（现在还住在这儿）

They've known each other since childhood. 他们从小彼此相识。（现在还在往来） How long have you studied English？你学英语多久了？（现在仍在学）

III.经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次出现的状态。

常与频度副词如often,always,every week,twice等连用。

I have been to the Summer Palace twice. 我曾经去过颐和园两次。

He has always said so.他总是这么说.

三.现在完成时的时间状语

I现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。

a.用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑

问句中。

如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。

They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。

b.用ever和never.多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。

如： -Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾经去过长城吗?

-I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。

c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few

years等。

例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where. 我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。

He has been there three times the last few days. 近几天他去过那里三次了。

d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如now,today,this morning(month,year,term)

等。例如：-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't. 今天你见过他吗？我没有。

How many times have you been there this year? 今年你去过那里多少次？

II短暂性动词不能和表一段时间的时间状语连用。如：come, go, arrive, reach, hear, close, leave, begin, start, lose, buy, fall, join, die, get up等。但如果要保留表一段时间的时间状语，必须将动词改为延续性动词。

现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换

如：fall asleep (ill) →be asleep (ill)

get to know→ know begin,(start)→ be on

open →be open buy→ have

get up→ be up die→ be dead

go out→ be out come→ be in

close→be closed arrive→be here

join→be in, be a +名词finish( end )→be over

leave, move →be away,borrow →keep

go to school→be a stu dent catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)

begin to study→study come back→be back

put on→wear 或be on

如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。

His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世二年了。

The film has been on for 5 minutes.电影已开始五分钟了。

We have studied English for three years. 我们（开始）学英语已三年了。

四.几点注意事项

I. have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别：

have been(to)表示“去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；

have gone(to)表示“去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，常用于第三人称，

前者可与once ,never,several times等连用，后者则不能。

如： They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。

He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。

II.不可延续性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。

如： I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。（错）I have received his letter for a month.

（对）I haven't received his letter for almost a month.

练习

一.用since和for填空

1.______two years

2.____two years ago

3.___last month

4.______ 1999

5._______yesterday

6._______ 4 o’clock

7 4 hours 8._____an hour ago

9.___we were children 10._____ lunch time

11.____ she left here

12. He has lived in Nanjing ___ the year before last.

13. I’ve known him ______ we were children.

14. Our teacher has studied Japanese ______ three years.

15. She has been away from the city ______ about ten years.

16. It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.

二.单项选择。

1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they ______what's happened to him .

A. knew

B. have known

C. must know

D.will know

2、He has _______ been to Shanghai , has he ?

A. already

B.never

C.ever

D.still

3、Have you met Mr Li ______？

A. just

B. ago

C.before

D. a moment ago

4、The famous writer _____ one new book in the past two year .

A. is writing

B.was writing

C.wrote

D.has written

5、—Our country ______ a lot so far .

—Yes . I hope it will be even ______ .

A.has changed ; well

B.changed ; good

C.has changed ; better

D.changed ; better

6、Zhao Lan ______already ______in this school for two years .

A. was ; studying

B. will ; study

C. has ; studied

D. are ; studying

7、We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .

A. know

B. had known

C. have known

D. knew

8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I______ it twice .

A.will see

B.have seen

C.saw

D.see

9、—These farmers have been to the United States .

—Really ? When _____ there ?

A. will they go

B. did they go

C. do they go

D. have they gone

10、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?

—Yes . I _____ it a moment ago .

A.Did ; do ; finished

B.Have ; done ; finished

C.Have ; done ; have finished

D.will ; do ; finish

11、His father ______ the Party since 1978 .

A. joined

B. has joined

C. was in

D. has been in

12、—Do you know him well ?

— Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .

A. were

B. have been

C. have become

D. have made

13、—How long have you ____ here ?

—About two months .

A. been

B. gone

C. come

D. arrived

14、Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .

A. has begun

B. had begun

C. has been on

D. began

15、It _____ ten years since he left the army .

A. is

B. has

C. will

D. was

16、Miss Green isn't in the office . she_______ to the library .

A.has gone

B. went

C.will go

D. has been

17、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years .

A. have been in

B. have been to

C. have gone to

D. have been

18.The students have cleaned the classroom, ?

A. so they

B. don’t they

C. have they

D. haven’t they

19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?

A. How soon, comes

B. How often, got

C. How long, came

D. How far, arrived

20.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.

A. has left

B. had left

C. has been away

D. had been away

21.The factory ____ since the February of 1988.

A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened

22.Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000.

A. have made

B. have been

C. made

D. have become

23.You mustn't_____ until he comes back.

A. be away

B. leave

C. be left

24.The meeting _____ for a week now.

A. has finished

B. has ended

C. has been over

25.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years.

A. has been in

B. has come to

C. has taught

26.Ben ______ a teacher for 4 years .

A. has been

B. has become

C. was

D. became

27. I ______ home for a week.

A. have returned

B. have been back

C. returned

三.用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空

1. I have _______ seen him before, so I have no idea about him.

2. Jack has _________ finished his homework.

3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years.

4. “Have you ________ seen the film?” “No, I have ________ seen it.”

5. “Has the bus left _______?” “Yes, it has _________ left.”

四.用适当的时态填空：

1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.

2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.

3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.

4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).

5. Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there?

6. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet?

7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have) some orange.

8. We already _________ (return) the book.

9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village?

10. I _____________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?

11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice.

12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.

13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.

14. My father ___________ (read) this book since yesterday.

五、划线提问

1) I have been there for two days.

__________ _________ __________ you __________ __________ ?

2) My father has lived here since 2000.

_________ _________ __________ your father _________ __________?

3) He left here yesterday.

_________ ________ he _________ __________?

4) They bought a book two hours ago.

__________ ___________ they __________ a book

六.翻译下列句子：

1.你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？

2. 我刚刚丢了我的化学书。

3. 我以前从来没去过那个农场。

4. 他已经吃过午饭.

5. 你已经看过这部电影了吗？

6. 我哥哥还没回来。

7.这本字典我已买了三年了。

8.他离开中国三年了。

9.我认识他们五年了。

现在完成进行时

1 定义:现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在，可能还要继续下去。

2 现在完成进行时的构成:现在完成进行时是由“have/has+been+动词的现在分词”构成

3 现在完成进行时的基本句型

肯定式I/We have been working.

疑问式Have you been working？

简略回答Yes，I/we have. No，I/we haven't.

肯定式He/She/It has been working.

疑问式Has he/she/it been working？

简略回答Yes，he/she/it has. No，he/she/it hasn't.

4 现在完成时的用法

1）在强调指出动作还未结束，还要继续下去。如：I've been reading this book for two hours，but I haven't finished it. 这本书我已读了两个小时了，但我还没读完。I've read this book.我已读完这本书了。

2）强调动作延续时间的长久或带感情色彩。

She has always been working like that.她一贯是这样工作的。

3）现在完成进行时也可表示现在以前这段时间反复发生的事情。

We've been seeing quite a lot of each other recently.最近我们经常见面。

5 现在完成时和现在完成进行时的区别

1）现在完成进行时更强调动作的延续性,它是现在完成时的强调形式。试比较：We've been living here for ten years.

We've lived here for ten years.我们在这儿已经住了十年了。

2）在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时表示动作仍在进行。而现在完成时则表示动作在过去已结束。如：

The students have been preparing for the exam.（还在进行）学生们一直在准备考试。

The students have prepared for the exam.（已经结束）学生们为考试作了准备。3）有些表示状态，感情，感觉的动词如：have，exist，like，hate，hear，know，sound等动词不能用于现在完成进行时，但可用于现在完成时。如：

They've known each other since 1970.自从1970年起他们就相互认识了。

练习:

1.Mr Li swimming for 3 hours, and his son an hour ago.

A.has been, started

B.have started, has started

C.started, started

D. Has started, has started

2.---How long you stamps?

---Since two years ago.

A.have, collect

B.have, been collecting

C.did, collect

D.are, collecting

3.She had a headache because she too long. She ought to shop.

A.has been reading

B.had read

C.is reading

D.read

4.The boy TV all the morning.

A.has watched

B.had watched

C.has been watching

D.watched

5.--- have you been learning to swim? ---Half a year.

A.How long

B. How often

C.How far

D.When

6.Our teacher has been teaching in this school for .

A.two year and a half

B.two and a half year

C.two years and half

D.two and a half years

7.He it for two hours, and he's still watching now.

A.has been watched

B.watching

C.has been watching

D.is watching

现在完成时练习题及答案(精华版)

现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have. 现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、 1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。 2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如： I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday. ★注意： 1）since和for的区别 since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。 Exercise: 用since和for填空 1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. 2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. × The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 以上三句话可以改为： He has been here for 2 weeks. The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months. They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes. 3）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用“have (has) gone”。试比较： Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了） Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在） They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大） They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）. 4）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。 I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。 Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。

初中现在完成时态讲解带练习知识讲解

初中现在完成时态讲解带练习

一.现在完成时的含义及用法 1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。现在完成时的基本句型：肯定式：主语 + 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 否定式: 主语 + 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词? 用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。 Someone has broken the window. (窗户现在是坏的) I have already lost the key. (我现在没有钥匙) I haven’t read that book yet . (不了解书的内容) I have just cleaned my hands. (手是干净的) 此时，现在完成时常与already(已经), yet(已经), just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用，通常放在助动词之后，过去分词之前。 already: 常用于肯定句中. yet: 用于否定句，翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经 1.你已经找到你的书了吗? 2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子. 3.Judy还没到达.

4.你吃过早饭了吗? 用法② 现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。 She has learned English for 5 years. He has lived in Beijing since ( 自从)he was born . Have you stayed here since ( 自从) 3 o’clock? for+ 时间段 since+时间点 , since+ 句子 ①Mr. Brown has had his TV _____15 years. ②I’ve taken driving lessons _______last month. ③My sister has had her cell phone _____a month . ④My friends haven’t visited me _______ my birthday. ⑤We haven’t used our car _____a long ti me . ⑥She hasn’t had a good cup of coffee ____ years. ⑦Tom has worn glasses _______he was 7 years old. 二.have been 与have gone 的用法比较 have been to “到过，去过”，表示曾经到过某处，但现在人不在那儿。 have gone to“去了”，表示已经去了某地，现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。 have been in“呆在某处一段时间了” 三.实义动词分为: 瞬间动词、延续动词

【初中英语】现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习(1)

必备英语【初中英语】现在完成时-知识点归纳与练习一、初中英语现在完成时 1．The tall building here for 100 years. A. is B. was C. has been D. is been 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】那幢高楼在这里已经有100年了。根据for 100 years可知“高楼在这里”是过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，要用现在完成时态，其谓语动词形式为have/has+动词过去分词。故选C。【点评】此题考查现在完成时，平时应多归纳总结各种时态，语态和句式的结构及用法。 2．All the skirts .They very well. A. sold out;are sold B. sell out;have sold C. have been sold out;sell D. have sold out;sell 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：所有的裙子都卖完了，他们非常畅销。第一空sell out“卖完”，强调裙子已经被卖完的状态，本句用现在完成时的被动语态：has/have+been+过去分词，sell 的过去分词为sold；第二空sell作“销售”解释时用主动语态，在此处表一直卖得很好的状态，用一般现在时。故选C。【点评】本题考查一般现在时和现在完成时的被动语态，注意sell的不同语态和用法。 3．The volunteers ________ a lot of help to the old and the young since 2010． A. offered B. have offered C. are offering D. will offer 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】考查时态．句意"自2010以来，志愿者们向老人和青年提供了大量的帮助．"．A过去时．B现在完成时态．C现在进行时态．D一般将来时态．since+点时间通常用于现在完成时态，结构是have/has+动词的过去分词，主语是volunteers复数，用助动词have．offer的过去分词是offered．答案是B． 4．My father ____ in a panda protection center for 10 years, so he knows a lot about panda. A. was working B. is working C. has worked D. will work 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：我父亲在熊猫保护中心工作了10年，所以他对熊猫很了解。由句中的语句for 10 years 提示可知，此句要用现在完成时，主语my father，助动词要用has，故选C。【点评】考查现在完成时的基本结构及用法，注意根据句子的时间状语判断时态。

现在完成时练习题及答案

现在完成时一、其构成 "助动词have (has) +动词过去分词"构成现在完成时。如： 1. Kate's never seen Chinese films，____ ? A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she 析：陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate has的缩写，故选B。 2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句) His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______. 析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasn't, yet。 3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 析："so+助/系/情态动词+主语"结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her parents是复数,故选D。二、其用法与标志词 (一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。如： 1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -___________ your homework yet? A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished 2. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______ A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed 析：据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选D。 (二)当句中有"for +段时间"或"since +点时间"等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。如： 1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for 析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C。 2. Tom______the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表"段时间"的短语连用，故选D。3. I______a letter from him since he left. A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard 析：据since可知，应排除A、C，"hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."意为"收到某人的来信"，故选B。三、have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如： 1. -Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?-Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to 析：据句中的have，排除A，B项意为"去某地了"，C项意为"一直呆在某地"，D项意为"去过某地"，符合题意，故选D。 2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 析：本题句中有"for+段时间"结构，据此可排除C，B项意为"去过某地"，不合题意，D项缺介词，故选A。四、现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如： 1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子) 析：非延续性动词与"段时间"连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型"It's +段时间+since+从句"进行句子转换。故答案为：Sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /Sun's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went there. 2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句) ________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city. 析：据上题分析，且since引导的从句要用一般过去时，故填It is, since, came。 3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket. A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming 析：因我丢了票的动作发生在过去，而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果，符合现在完成时所表示的含意，故选C。一、单项选择 1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _______what’s happened to him . Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ. will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he?

现在完成时练习

现在完成时练习 I.写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词 be win act try hear think break see climb cry get finish stop find meet open die go II.按要求改变句型 1.He has heard that before. (改为否定句) 2.The retired people have climbed Mount Xiang many times. (改为否定句) 3.David has already booked the theatre. (改为否定句) 4.Steve and Carol have gone to Italy. (改为否定句) 5.I have had my lunch already. (改为疑问句) 6.Two of the scientists have been to the North Pole. (改为疑问句) 7.I have taught English in the middle school since 1980. (改为疑问句) 8.They have found a job already. (改为疑问句) 9.The Smiths have had a holiday since Christmas. (对划线部分提问) 10.The famous singers have gone to Greece to have a meeting. (对划线部分提问)

11.Li Ming has received the invitation already. (对划线部分提问) 12.Jim has forgot how to play cards. (对划线部分提问) III.用括号中动词的适当形式填空 1.Every student ________ (see) the program already. 2.Kent and I ________ (write) poems before. 3.Dick ________ (do) the work these days. 4.The people living in the mountains ________ never ________ (see) films. 5.Patty ________ (buy) a magazine about the school life. 6.The actress ________ (live) here all her life. 7.The glass is broken. Who ________ (break) this glass? 8.Finally the workers ________ (finish) that job. 9.________ you ________ (borrow) the book we talked abut last time? 10.There’s no more wine in the bottle. They ________ (drink) all of it. 11.Tom ________ (leave) a message for you. He ________ (call) last night. 12.I ________ (see) the movie once before. I ________ (love) it a lot. 13.A: ________ (you/hear) the news? B: yes, I ________ A: Who ________ (tell) you the news? B: Li Ming ________ (do) A: When ________ (he/tell) you? B: Two hours ago. IV.改错 1.What have you done last night? 2.He knew Doctor Wang since thirty years ago. 3.Kite has hurt his leg, but it’s OK now. 4.I work here for over ten years. 5.The chairman has gone to many countries in his life. 6.Where have you borrowed that dictionary? 7.I’ve seen the play already. Have you seen it already? 8.Did you see your sister carries all the baggage to the station? 9.My brother has bought a used car, but then he sold it. 10.Her mother has gone to Europe last season.

现在完成时知识讲解讲课教案

专项语法讲练——现在完成时【概念引入】如何学习时态？对中学生来说，最好还是从各个时态的基本概念、基本形式和基本用法学起。在过了这一阶段之后，再放开步伐，通过大量的听、读和笔头实践，获得感性的知识。现在，我们就从最基本的概念、形式和用法等方面来总结一种新的时态——现在完成时。【用法讲解】一、现在完成时的定义现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。二、现在完成时的构成 1. 肯定句现在完成时的肯定句式是“have（has）＋过去分词”。注意：该句式中的have或has是助动词，has用于第三人称单数，其它人称一律用have。 2. 否定句：现在完成时的否定句式是“haven’t（hasn’t）＋过去分词”。 3. 疑问句：现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。回答用Yes, …have(has)./ No, …haven’t(hasn’t). 三、动词过去分词规则变化与不规则变化 (一) 规则变化变化规则：与动词过去式规则相同。 1. 一般直接在词尾加上ed。look —looked 2. 以e结尾的动词，直接加d。move —moved 3. 以y结尾，y前面是辅音字母的动词，变y 为i，再加ed。carry —carried 4. 部分动词需双写尾字母，加ed。stop —stopped (二)不规则变化不规则动词的变化因词而异。但是如果对不规则动词的过去式和过去分词做一分析，就可发现其中的“规则”。同学们在记忆时，可按下面的形式对教材后不规则动词表进行分析、整理。例如：AAB型 ABC 型 AAA型

专项训练现在完成时训练题

译林版中考英语专项训练现在完成时训练题一、初中英语现在完成时 1．Mike the bookshop. I have to wait for him. A. went to B. was in C. has been to D. has gone to 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：迈克去了书店。我不得不等他。从第二句来判断. 迈克不在. 应用“have／has gone to a place”来表示“去某地了（还没有回来）”。用现在完成时强调过去发生的事件对现在的影响。【点评】考查动词时态及have been to和have gone to的区别。 2．—How do you like Treasure Island，Lucy？ —It's so exciting that I _______ it twice． A. am reading B. have read C. was reading D. had read 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：——露西，你认为《金银岛》怎么样？——它是如此令人激动以至于我读了两次。根据twice可知已经发生了，故此处用现在完成时，故为have read，故选B。【点评】此题考查现在完成时的用法。 3．—Lucy, is your uncle a teacher? —Yes, he is. He history for nearly 20 years. A. teaches B. has taught C. is teaching D. will teach 【答案】B 【解析】【分析】句意：——露西，你叔叔是老师吗？——是的，他是。他教历史将近20年了。根据句中的时间状语 for nearly 20 years ，可知，表示持续一段时间的动作，用现在完成时，have/has+过去分词。主语是he，用has，故选B. 【点评】考查现在完成时，注意其常与for+一段时间连用。 4．—How many letters you to your mother? —109 in all, since 2016. A. has, written B. have, written C. did, write D. are, writing 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：——你给你妈写了多少封信？——从2016年起，总共109封。句中since 2016是现在完成时态常用的时间状语，其结构是主语+have/has+动词过去分词，且主语是you，则应填写have written，故答案选B。【点评】考查动词的时态。注意现在完成时的用法。

现在完成时练习题及答案

一、时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have. 现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、 1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。She has arrived. 她到了。 2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。如：I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。She has been with us since Monday. ★注意： a)since和for的区别 since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。 Exercise: 用since和for填空 1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. 1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since 2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说： He has come here for 2 weeks. ×The old man has died for 4 months. × They have left only for 5 minutes. × 以上三句话可以改为： He has been here for 2 weeks. The old man has ______ _______ for 4 months. They have _____ _____ only for 5 minutes 2）have (has) been 和have (has) gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have (has) been”; 表示“已经去某地”要用“have (has) gone”。试比较： Where has he been? 他刚才到哪里去了？（已经回来了） Where has he gone? 他上哪儿去了？（人不在） They have been to Canada. 他们到过加拿大。（现在已经不在加拿大） They have gone to Canada. 他们到加拿大去了。（可能在路上和已经到加拿大）. 3）现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when I came in，但可以和already, yet, sometimes, always, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever, never等连用。例如：She has already come. 她已经来了。I haven’t read it yet. 我还没读过这个。 I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。 I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。They have never been to Yan’an. 他们从未去过延安。 I haven't seen him lately. 我近来没看到他。 Exercise: I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form. 1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week.

现在完成时练习 (2)

现在完成时练习语法 1、结构：have（has）+动词的过去分词否定句：主语+haven’t（hasn’t）+动词的过去分词一般疑问句：have（has）+主语+动词的过去分词 2、动词的过去分词：规则变化（和过去时一样）不规则变化（见书本不规则动词表） 3、用法： 1）表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 Eg: I have just cleaned my clothes.我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”。） I have just had my breakfast.（对现在的影响：不饿）通常与already,just, ever,yet,never,before等时间副词连用。 2）表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可能继续下去的动作或状态。 *for+一段时间（延续性动词）eg: She has learned English for 3 years. (但非延续性动词的否定形式也可以) eg: They haven’t seen each other for 10 years. *since+过去时间点（过去时动词）注意不能和一段时间连用 Eg: They have lived here since 3 years ago.(They have lived here since 2005.)

Since+句子（一般过去时） Eg: We have been good friends since she moved to Nantong. 一、、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1、It __________ (rain) for three days. 2、I don’t know this old man. I __________ (meet, never ) her. 3、let’s go to the cinema. No, I _________(see, already) the film. 4、We __________(finish, not ) our homework yet. 5、Mum _____________(come, not) yet. She will be back in a minute. 6、I _____________(know) Lily for two years. 7、Have you __________( write) three letters this moring? 8、Zhang Hong __________(make) many friends since she came to London. 9、__________ they __________(visit) the Great Wall? Not yet. 10、Will the concert finish soon? No, it ________ just __________ (start). 二、句型转换 1、They have already gone to school.（改为一般疑问句及否定回答） __________ they __________ to school _________? No, they ___________. 2、My father has read ten books about computers.(划线提问)

八年级下现在完成时全面知识点

八年级下现在完成时全面知识点 Company Document number：WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998

一现在完成时概念及用法： 1 表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和just（刚刚）， already（已经），yet（已经），never（从不），ever （曾经），before（以前），so far（到目前为止）等时间状语连用。 2 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，还有可能继续下去，常和 for或since引导的时间状语连用。此时的动词必须是延续性动词。构成：have/ has(助动词)+V过去分词肯定句：主语+ have/ has+V过去分词+其他否定句：主语+ have/ has+not+V过去分词+其他一般疑问句：have/ has+主语+ +V过去分词+其他肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ have/ has. 否定回答：No, 主语+ haven’t/ hasn’t. 3 常用标志词语 already, never, ever, just, before, so far, yet ,since+过去的时间点,for+一段时间等 already常用于肯定句；yet用于否定句和疑问句。二常用句型结构辨析（一）have/has been to / have / has gone to / have/ has been in 辨析： ⑴ have/ has been to + 地名“曾经去过某地” , 现在已经回到原地。 He has been to England twice．他曾经去过英国两次。(现在已经不在英国了) Have you ever been to the Great Wall你到过长城吗（现在已经不在长城上） ⑵have gone to + 地名“已经去某地了”，说话时该人不在现场。 He has gone to England。他已去英国了。 (已经不在说话的地方，到达英国或者在去英国的路上) ⑶ have been in +地点待在某地，常与时间段搭配。 I have been in Shanghai for three years. （二）since与for区别： 1）for其后只能接表示“一段时间”的名词性短语，可用于多种时态。表示动作或状态持续的时间长短； since其后接表示“时间点”的短语或从句（一般过去时）；也可以接“一段时间+ago”，常用于完成时态；还用于句型“It’s+时间段+since+一般过去时态的句子”。表示过去某个时间发生并持续至说话时的动作或状态。 I’ve lived in this city for five years. He usually sleeps for 12 hours every day. We’ve studied here since 2009. She has worked here for five years. It’s two years since I came to China. 练习：用since 和for填空 1.Jim has been in Ireland last Monday.

现在完成时练习题及答案

现在完成时练习题（精华汇总） I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form. 1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week. 2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office. 5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999. 6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework. 9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day. 10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you. 12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere? II. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _______ here? A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _________. A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6. 3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. went D. never been 4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her. A. after B. since C. for D. that 5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her several times. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet 6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it? --Just 2 weeks. A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had 7.--Do you know Lydia very well? --Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned 8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years. A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live 9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? -- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park. A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to 10. --____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going III. Rewrite the sentences. 1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句) I _________ _________ been to Macau before. 2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问) ______ _______ he come to school? 3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写) I ____ just ____ a new bike. 4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We ____ ____English ____three years 5. He has never surfed, _______ _______? （改成反意疑问句） 6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提

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