初中英语语法讲解和分类练习
初中英语语法讲解和分类练习
一．考点透视
知识与能力要求
重难点问题归纳
中考热点分析预测
应试策略
二．知识讲解
名词代词冠词数词形容词、副词介词
三．典型例题
四．强化训练及答案
一．考点透视
【知识与能力要求】
1．掌握所学单词的形态变化。
2．掌握简单句的五种基本句型，四笔头练习基本正确。
3．能理解不复杂的、含有状语从句或宾语从句的复合句。
4．掌握动词的五种基本时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时）的基本用法。
5．能理解并初步掌握过去进行时、过去完成时和过去将来时的基本用法。
6．掌握一般现在时（包括含有情态动词的一般现在时）、一般过去时的被动语态的基本用法。
7．掌握动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和状语的用法（作主语和定语的用法只要求理解）。
【重难点问题归纳】
语法知识是在掌握一定量的单词和短语的基础上才能获得的。因此，单词的形态变化和简单句的五种基本句型是语法学习的基础之基础。五种基本时态和含有不复杂的状语从句及宾语从句的复合句是初中毕业班学生学习的重点也是语法学习的难点。五种基本时态中的一般过去时和现在完成时的基本用法及其区别是学习的难点。状语从句中的时态问题，宾语从句中的主语和谓语的语序问题是学生感到头痛的问题。被动语态是中国学生最不喜欢学习和使用的一种语态。因此，学生在学习时，时常感觉到很困难。动词不定式是初中英语语法中的一个重点。不定式在句中作宾语、宾语补足语和状语等用法均要求掌握，特别是一些动词，有些后面要求跟不定式作宾语，有些则要求跟动词一ing形式作宾语。
总之，语法部分是英语学习的重点和难点。语法知识掌握得好，将大大加快英语学习的进程。
【中考热点分析预测】
语法部分历年来是中考的必考内容。考试的范围广，涉及单词词形变化、基本句子结构、五种基本时态搬动语态、不定式用法以及状语从句、宾语从句，等等。近年来，在教学改革方面加大了对听说教学的力度，初中段以培养学生的交际能力为主，为高中段的英语学习打好基础，对语法知识的要求作了调整，降低了难度，但考查的范围
并没有减小。单纯考语法知识的题比以前明显减少。试题往往设置一个情景，在对话中考查时态及基本句型。当然，有些语法项目设置在单句中，如：不定式、被动语态以及词语搭配。
语言学习是一个积累的过程，不记住相当数量的词语、习惯用语。句型和语法规则，是学不好英语的。因此，对词形变换、句型结构、状语从句中的时态以及常用的五种基本时态的考查仍将是中考命题的热点。
【应试策略】
动词及其时态是英语学习最重要的部分，也是学习的难点。被动语态也是学习的难点。宾语从句和状语从句是复合句中最重要、最常用的结构，是初中毕业生必须掌握的从句。注意现在时、过去时和将来时及现在完成时的基本用法以及句中的副词（包括时间副词）的用法，尤其要注意过去时与现在完成时的区别。宾语从句要注意从句结构的语序（连接词+从句的主语+从句的谓语+……）问题和时态问题（主句是过去时，从句必须用过去时的某种形式）；状语从句要注意在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来时态。动词、时态与语态与从句一定要在大量课文和对话的句子中反复操练，才能真正学会。只要你在复习和应试中注意以上几点，考试就一定能取得好成绩。
二．知识讲解
【名词】
1．名词的可数与不可数
可数名词指表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，它有单数与复数两种形式。不可数名词指所表示的事物不能用数来计量。物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目，来统计，都成为不可数名词。不可数名词前一般不能用冠词a、an来表示数量，没有复数形式。要表示“一个……”这一概念，就须加a piece of这一类短语。要注意许多名词在汉语里看来是可数名词，在英语里却不可数。如：chalk，paper，bread，rice，grass，news 等。
2．名词的复数
（1）规则变化
A．一般情况下加-s。
B．以s, x, ch, sh, 结尾的加-es。
如：bus---buses，box---boxes，watch---watches，brush---brushes
C．以辅音字母加y结尾的改y为i再加-es。
如：city---cities，country---countries
D．以f，fe结尾的，去掉f或fe，变成v再加-es。
（2）不规则变化
A．元音发生变化。
如：man---men，woman---women，foot---feet，tooth---teeth，mouse---mice
B．词尾发生变化。
如：child---children
C．单、复数同形。
如：fish---fish，Japanese---Japanese，Chinese---Chinese，sheep---sheep
3．物质名词（不可数名词）量的表示方法
（1）用much，a little，a lot of等表示
（2）用容器表示
a bowl of rice，a glass of water，a cup of tea，a piece of，orange，two glasses of milk，two pieces of paper
4．名词的所有格
(1) 名词所有格的构成法
A．单数名词词尾加’s，复数名词词尾若没有s，也要加’s。
the worker's bike，the Children’s ball
B．表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’s若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后’s。如：
This is Lucy and Licy’s room．
These are Kate's and jack’s rooms．
C. 如果是通过在词尾加—s构成的复数形式的名词，只加’。如:
the students’books，the girls’blouses
(2)名词+of+名词名词是有生命的，我们就用’s结构来表示所有关系。如果名词所表示的事物是无生命的，我们就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系.如:
the legs of the desk，the door of the room
但在表示名词所有格时，’s结构也常可转换成of结构。有些表示时间,距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词，也可以加’s来构成所有格.如:
ten minutes' walk，today's newspaper
【代词】
人称代词，物主代词，反身代词
类别
主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单数I me my mine myself复数we us our ours ourselves第二人称单数you you your yours yourself复数you you your yours yourselves
第三人称单数he him his his himselfshe her her hers herselfit it its its itself复数they them their theirs themselves
1．人称代词
人称代词it的特殊用法：一般it指“它”，但在表示天气、时间、距离等时，用it来代替，此时的it并不译为“它”。
当三个人称代词(单数)同时出现时，其先后顺序为you，he，I。而复数一般采用we，you，they顺序。
2．物主代词
物主代词的用法：
形容词性物主代词后面一定要跟上一个名词。
名词性物主代词可作主语、表语、宾语。
3．反身代词
1)反身代词的构成分两种：第一、二人称反身代词在形容词：性物主代词后加上self 或selves，第三人称的反身代词在宾格代词后加上self或selves．
2)反身代词的用法：一种是作宾语，由主语发出的动作又回到动作者本身。
如：I enjoyed myself at the party．另一种是作名词或代词的同位语；用来加强语气。如：I can do it myself．
3)初中阶段由反身代词构成的常用词组有：enjoy oneself，help oneself to，learn by oneself，teach oneself，(all)by oneself，leave...by oneself，lose oneself in等，在运用反
身代词时，应注意它在数、性别上与哪一个保持一致。试比较：
“Help yourselves to some fish，Tom and Mike．”与I can’t leave the girl by herself．指示代词
指示代词的特殊用法：
(1)为了避免重复，可用that，those代替前面提到过的名词，但是this，these不可以。
(2)this，that有时可代替句子或句子中的一部分。
不定代词
主要不定代词的用法：
(1)one的用法
A. one作为代词可以指人，也可以指物。
B. one，ones (one的复数形式) 可用来代替前面出现过的少数名词，以避免重复。
C. one的前面可用this，that，the，which等词来修饰。
D. 常有a+形容词+one这一形式。
it和one的用法区别：it用来指特定的东西，而one则用于替代不特定的东西。
(2)some和any的用法区别
A. some，any可与单、复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。some一般用于肯定句，any 一般用于否定句，疑问句和条件句中。
B. some，any与—thing，—body，—one构成的合成词的用法与some，any一样。
C.在疑问句中，一般不用some，只有当问句表示一种邀请或者请求，或期待一个肯定的回答时才能用some。
D. some在否定句中表示半否定，any表示全否定。
E．some用于单数可数名词前，表示“某个”而不是“一些”。
(3)other，another的用法
数
种类单数复数泛指another=an otherother (boys)others特指the otherthe other (boys) the others功能作主语、宾语、定语作定语作主语、宾语
A. another＝another"另一个”，泛指众多者中的另一个，在原有基础上自然增加的另一个。一般后面接单数名词，前面不能加定冠词。有时another可以用在复数名词前表示“又”“再”，如：
I want to have another two cakes．我想再吃两个蛋糕。
B．the other表示两个中的另一个，常与one连用。常见形式是“one．．．the other．．．”。
C. other+复数名词＝others
D. the other+复数名词＝the others
(4) a11、both的用法
both表示“两者都……”，而a11表示“三个或三个以上的人或物都……”。
a11、both在句中放在be动词，情态动词及助动词之后，放在实义动词之前。
(5) each和every的用法
A. each用来指两个或两个以上的人或物中的一个。every则指两个以上的人或物中的一个。
B. 从含义和语法功能上看，each是“单个”的意思，侧重个体，在句中可作主语、同位语、定语和宾语。而every是“每一个”之意，侧重全体、整体、共性。在句中只能作定语，也就是说它后面必须跟着名词。而由every构成的合成词后面绝不能跟名词。
(6)either，neither，both的用法
either：指两者中的任意一个。作主语谓语用单数。
neither：指两者都不，全否定。作主语谓语用单数。
both：指两者都。作主语谓语用复数。
(7)many和much
many只能和复数可数名词连用。
much只能和不可数名词连用。
注意：
a lot of／lots of / plenty of＝much／many
a large／great number of＝many
a great／good deal of＝much
(8)few，a few，little，a little
few，little表示否定含义，“很少”“几乎没有”；a few，a little表示肯定含义，有一些”。few，a few用在可数名词前，little，a little用在不可数名词前。
【冠词】
1.不定冠词an用在元音读音开头(不是指元音字母)的词前，其余用不定冠词a.
2．定冠词的基本用法
A.用在重新提到的人或事物前面。
B. 指谈话双方都知道的人或事物前面。
C用在单数可数名词前面，表示某一类人或事物。
3．定冠词的特殊用法
A.用在世界上独一无二的事物或方位名词前。
B. 用在序数词、形容词的最高级及only所修饰的名词前。
C用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛的名称前面。
D.用在由普通名词和另外一些词所构成的专有名词前面。
E.用在姓氏的复数形式前面，表示全家人或这一姓的夫妇二人。
F．用在乐器名称前。
G. 和某些形容词连用，表示某一类人或事物。
4．名词前不用冠词的情况
A. 在专有名词(包括人名、地名、节日、月份、季节) 、物质名词和抽象名词前—般不用冠词。但在以Festival组成的民间节日前要加the。
B. 表示一类人或事物的复数名词前。
C. 名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时，不用冠词。
D. 三餐饭、球类、棋类、游戏名称前一般不用冠词。正在有些词组中，有无冠词含义不同。
(sit) at table就餐; sit at the table坐在桌边
go to school去上学；go to the school去那所学校；in hospital住院；in the hospital在那个医院里
【数词】
1．数字的表示
三位数数词要在百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and。
1，000以上的数字，从后向前第三位数加一个“，”，第一个“，”前为thousand，第二个“，”前为million，第三个“，”前为billion。
2．序数词除了first，second，third外，其余都在基数词尾加-th构成。
3．分数分子在前，分母在后，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1小时，分母序数词要变成复数。
4．Hundreds（thousands，millions）of……用法。
【形容词，副词】
形容词
1.形容词的位置
(1)形容词作定语一般要放在名词前面，但当形容词修饰不定代词something，nothing，anything时要放在所修饰的不定代词之后。如：something important，nothing serious。
(2)当形容词带有表示度量的词或词组作定语或表语时，定语或表语要后置。如：
We have dug a hole two meters deep．
The hole is about two metres deep．
2．形容词的比较等级
(1) 单音节词和少数双音节词，在词尾加—(e)r，—(e)st来构成比较级和最高级。其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。如：popular———more popular———most popular
important—more important—most important
(2) 不规则变化
原级比较级最高级
good better best
well
bad worse worst
ill
old older oldest
elder eldest
many more most
much
little less least
far farther farthest
further furthest
3. 形容词比较级的用法
形容词比较级通常可分为原级、比较级、最高级三种基本形式，具体而言，它们分别以下列形式出现在句中：
它们分别以下列形式出现在句中：
(1)as+原级+as
(2)比较级+than
(3)the+最高级+of (in)．．．
需注意的原级的用法：
(1)否定结构有A．．。not as+形容词原级+as B及A．．．not so +形容词原级+as B两种结构。
(2)表示倍数有．．．times as+形容词原级+as的句型。如：
This garden is ten times as large as that one．
This room is twice as large as that one．
(3)half as+形容词原级+as表示“……的一半”。
如：This book is half as thick as that one．
需注意的比较级的用法：
(1)than后面接代词时，一般要用主格，但在口语中工也可换成me。
(2)比较级前还可以用much，even，still，a little来修饰。
(3)表示倍数时，试比较
Our room is twice as large as theirs．我们的房间是他们的两倍那样大。
Our room is twice larger than theirs．我们的房间比他们的大两倍。
(4) I’m two years older than you．我比你大两岁。
(5)“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
如: He becomes fatter and fatter．
(6)"The+比较级…，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”。如：The busier he is，the happier he feels．他越忙就越高兴。
需注意的最高级的用法：
(1)常见结构有：“of+复数意义的词”表示“在……之中的”，“在……中”；“in+范围、场所”表示“在……之中”。如：
He is the tallest“all the boys”．
China is the greatest in the world．
副词
1．副词比较级的构成
(1) 单音节副词和个别双音节副词通过加-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。
(2) 绝大多数副词借助more，most来构成比较级和最高级。
(3) 少数副词的不规则变化：
原级比较级最高级
well better best
badly worse worst
much more most
little less least
far farther farthest
farthest furthest
late later latest
(4) 副词的最高级前面可以不加定冠词the。
(5) 常用句型有like A better than B和like A（the）best of（in）…
其余变化和形容词类似。
2．常见副词用法
(1) too, either
Too 一般用于肯定句，常放在句末，否定句时用either。
(2) ago，before
ago 以现在为起点，和动词的过去时连用。before以过去某个时间为起点，常和过去完成时连用。当before前没有“一段时间”而单独使用时，泛指“以前”，常和完成时连用。如：I have heard the man before。我以前听说过那个人。
【介词】
一些容易混淆的介词
1．表示时间的at、on、in的用法区别
at主要表示：
(1)在某具体时刻之前，如at seven o’clock，at 7：30。
(2)在固定短语中，如：at noon，at night，at that time，at the age of at the weekend，at Christmas。
On用来表示“在……天”，如：On Monday，On May lst，On Children’s Day。
in用来表示：
(1)在某年、某月、某季节。
(2)在—段时间之后，如：in two hours，in a few days。
注意：在纯粹地表示在上午／下午／晚上时，用in the morning／afternoon／evening，但在某一天的上午、下午、晚上前要用介词on。如：on Monday morning，on the morning of Children’s Day。
2. 表示地点的at，in，on的用法区别
(1) at通常指小地方，in一般指大地方。
(2) at 所指范围不太明确，in指“在……里”。
(3) in指在内部，on指“在……之上”。
3．表示“一段时间”的for与since的用法区别
for后面接时间段，since之后接时间点。
4．表示时间的before与by的用法区别
before与by都可表示“在……之前”，但by含有“不迟于……”、“到……为止”的意思。如果by后是将来的时间，则与将来时连用，若by后是过去的时间，则与过去完成时连用。
5．over与above(under与below)
over，above都表示“在……的上面”，over表示“正上方”，而above只表示“在上方”但不一定在“正上方”。above还可表示温度、水位等“高于”，over还可表示“越过……”。over的反义词是under，above的反义词是below．例如：
There is a bridge over the river
Our plane flew above the clouds．
6．表示“用”的with，by，in的用法
with多指用工具，用身体的部位或器官；by表示使用的方法、手段；in指使用某种语言。如：
We see with our eyes.
We go there by bike.
Please say it out in English.
He cut it open with a knife.
介词的省略
表示时间介词at, on, in 的省略
(1) 在next, last, this, these, today, yesterday, tomorrow, one, every, each, all等词前,一般不用at, in, on.
(2) 在某些名词词组前,可以省略(也可不省)如: (on) that day, (in)the year before last
常见搭配
1．动词+介词，如：
listen to, laugh at, write to, hear from, get to, look at, shout at, shout to, knock at, look for,
look at, ask for, wait for, get on, get to, put on, turn on, operate on, take off, turn off, learn from, worry about ...
2．形容词+介词，如：
afraid of, full of, angry with, strict with, busy with, good at, good/bad for, late for, sorry for, ready for, famous for, polite to, far from...
3．名词+介词/ 介词+名词
key to, visit to, at home, in surprise, after class, for ever, on time, at last, at first, for example...
三．典型例题
【名词】
[例1]（1）—How far is your school from here?
—Not very far. It's about twenty ______ walk.
A. minute's
B. minutes’
C. minutes
D. minute
（2）It is about ______ from the school to my home.
A. ten minutes walk
B. ten minutes’walk
C. ten minutes’s walk
D. ten minute’s walk
分析上述两题考查名词所有格的构成及用法。由句意可知空格处所填内容是表示距离的名词，选项中的名词minute和walk存在所有关系，因此必须用名词的所有格。名词所有格的’s也可以加在一个短语之后，若该短语最后一个名词的词尾是-s，则只加“’’。如：an hour’s ride, two weeks’time。因而（1）、（2）小题答案均为B。[例2] Have you seen ______ at the foot of the hill?
A. any sheep
B. some sheeps
C. any sheeps
D. some sheep
分析此题考查名词复数的特殊例子。sheep的单复数同形；any一般用在疑问句和否定句里，some用在肯定句里。
答案为A
[例3]—Who is the man in the blue car?
—He is ______father.
A. Kate's and Mary's
B. Kate and Mary's
C. Kate and Mary
D. of Kate and Mary
分析本题考查名词所有格的构成及方法。两个并列的所有格，只给第二个名词加“’s”。
[例4] （哈尔滨市，2003）---Where is Tom？
--- He’s left a saying that he has something important to do.
A. excuse
B. message
C. exercise
D. news
分析此题考查名词的用法，由a知道选项A、C、D不行，故选B。
答案选B
解后反思an excuse（一个借口），an exercise（一个练习）……，news（新闻）是不可数名词。
[例5] （天津市，2003）He had something to write down and asked me for
A. a paper
B. some papers
C. some pieces of papers
D. a piece of paper
分析此题考查不可数名词的用法。Paper作“纸”讲时是不可数名词，故A、B、C 可排除。
答案：选D
解后反思paper当“试卷”、“文件”讲时是可数名词。类似的词还有：fish，chicken
等。
【代词】
[例1] 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1）This isn’t _______ (I) book, it must be _______ (you).
2）Is there any milk in the bottle?
Y es, there is ______ (little).
分析第1小题第一空要用形容词性物主代词my，用于修饰名词book，第二空则要用名词性物主代词yours，相当于your book。第2小题应用a little表示肯定：“有一点儿”。
[例2] There are many trees on________ of the road.
A. both side
B. each sides
C. both sides
D. every side
分析此题主要考查不定代词both, each和every的用法。both为“两者”（都）”，作定语时，其后接复数名词；作主语时，要用复数谓语动词。either为“两者中间的任何一个（的）”，作定语时，后接单数可数名词；作主语时，要用单数谓语动词。every 意为“每个（的）”，作定语，只用于三者或三者以上。又因马路road（rive，street 等）只有两侧，所以正确答案只能是C。
[例3] 1) “Help ______ to some mooncakes”, Han Meimei said to the twins.
A. you
B. oneself
C. yourself
D. yourselves
2) —Put on your clothes when you go out.
—Thank you. Mum. I can look after______.
A. me
B.I
C. ourselves
D. myself
分析这是一组考查反身代词用法的试题。反身代词在句中可作宾语、表语和同位语，不能单独使用、不能替代主格代词，但可用在主格代词后以加强语气。还常用于某些短语中，如：by oneself独自，enjoy oneself 玩得愉快，teach oneself 自学，help oneself to…随便吃（用）……等。因此上二题答案均为D。
例4] （广东省，2003）There is with my computer. It doesn’t work.
A. nothing wrong
B. anything wrong
C. wrong something
D. something wrong
分析本题考查形容词与不定代词的位置关系，形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词之后，而anything用于否定句和疑问句，由It doesn’t work知选D。
答案：D
解后反思考虑词的使用范围并结合语境是解决本题的关键。
【冠词】
[例1] 选择填空
1）Give me_______, please.
A. a cup tea
B. two cup of tea
C. two cup
D. two cups of tea
2）The teacher passed me _____ paper.
A. a piece
B. a piece of
C. piece of
D. a pair of
第1小题主要考查学生对可数名词与不可数名词的掌握情况，tea是不可数名词，不能用数量词直接修饰，但可以用容器表示量，表容器的名词可变为复数形式，即可以说two cups of tea，此题选D。第2小题答案选B。paper一词是不可数的，要表示“一张纸”，英语应为a piece of paper，不能说a paper。
[例2] _____ delicious food you have cooked!
A. How a
B. How
C. What a
D. What
分析不定冠词表示数量，类似“－”，修饰单数可数名词。不可数名词前不可用a、an修饰。在感叹句“What a／an+ adj．+ n．+（主+谓）！”结构中，名词必是单数可数名词。若是不可数名词应用“What+ adj．+ n．+（主+谓）！”结构。句中food是不可数名词，故答案为D。
[例3] （1）We always have______ rice for ______lunch.
A. /; /
B. the; /
C. /; a
D. the; the
（2）It’s half past four in the afternoon. The students are playing _____ basketball now.
A. /
B. an
C. a
D. the
分析下列情况不用任何冠词：1）专用名词（John、England）、物质名词（food，rice，water）等前；2）一日三餐的名词前；3）在表示球类运动的名词前。因此第（1）小题正确答案应为A；第（2）小题答案为A。
[例4] （天津市，2003）---What’s the matter with you？
----I caught bad cold and had to stay in bed
A．a, / B. a, the C. a, a D. the, the]
分析本题考查冠词的用法和习惯表达。躺在床上译为stay in bed，而感冒译为catch cold或catch a cold，但cold有形容词修饰时则a不可省略。
答案：选A
【数词】
[例1] 1) ______ books must he-produced for the children.
A. Many thousands
B. Many thousands of
C. Many thousand of
D. Many thousand
2) We've planted ______ trees in the centre of our city this year.
A. hundred
B. tow hundreds
C. hundred of D .hundreds of
分析本题考查数词的用法。当thousand或hundred做数词时，前面一般加数来修饰，其本身没有数的变化，且后不跟of。当它们做名词时，其复数形式为thousands和hundreds，且构成thousands of和hundreds of，后接可数名词的复数形式。
答案分别为B、D
[例2] About ____ of the workers in the clothes factory are women.
A. third fifths
B. third fifth
C. three fifths
D. three fifth
分析此题主要考查英语的分数表示法。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于1时，分母的序数词后需加“s”。例如：1/3 one third；2/3：two thirds. 通过分析A、B、D三项均错，答案为C。
[例3] July is ________ month of the year.
A. seven
B. the seventh
C. eight
D. the eighth
序数词用来表示数目的顺序，七月份是一年中的第七个月，第七个月的正确表达为the seventh month，所以此题的正确答案为B。
例4] （重庆市，2003）My favourite is getting stamps. I need before I have 2500 ones. A. more one B. any more C. one more D. more than
分析此题考查数词与more相结合的用法，数词+more表示还有（要）……，在此正好符合题意。
答案：选C
解后反思more than是“多于”之意，any more用于否定句表示“不再”。
【形容词、副词】
[例1] In the exam, the ______ you are, the ______ mistakes you'll make.
A. careful; little
B. more careful; less
C. more careful; few
D. more careful; fewer
分析“the+比较级……，the+比较级……”这个句型结构的意思是“越……就越……”或“愈是……则愈是……”。此结构中的比较级可以是形容词，也可以是副词。
答案D
[例2] I’m not sure whether Mary can sing ________ Mabel.
A. as well as
B. as good as
C. so good as
D. as better as
分析此题考查了两个知识点：（1）副词和形容词用法的区别：（2）as…as句式。句中谓语动词是行为动词，应选副词。B、C项应排除. as…as中间应用副词或形容词原级，所以答案应为A。
[例3] Let’s hope the things can get______.
A. better and better
B. well and well
C. good and good
D. best and best
分析答案为A。两个比较级并列在一起，表示“越来越……”之意，此句主要考查比较级特殊句型“more and more”结构，该句式表示持续不断变化，其动词常是become, be, get, grew等，又如：Spring has come. It is getting warmer and warmer.
[例4] （甘肃省，2003）I am I want a piece of bread
A. full
B. hungry
C. tired
D. thirsty
分析此题在语境中考查形容词的用法。由后句意“我要一块面包”说名与“饿”有关，故选B。
答案：选B。
[例5] （天津市，2003）In our city，it’s in July, nut it is even in August.
A. hotter, hottest
B. hot, hot
C. hotter, hot
D. hot, hotter
分析此题考查形容词及比较级的用法。前空应填原级，后空有even修饰要用比较级，故选D。
答案：选D
解后反思如下几个形容词的比较级和最高级要双写最后的辅音字母再加-er或-est。big-bigger-biggest，hot-hotter-hottest，fat-fatter-fattest，thin-thinner-thinnest，wet-wetter-wettest。简记为：大（big），热（hot），湿纸（wet），谁（肥，fat）瘦（thin）？（利用谐音记）
[例6] （山西省太原市，2002）The little girl likes animals. When she heard I would take her to the zoo, she looked at me.
A. happy
B. happily
C. angry
D. angrily
分析由句意知C、D可以排除，又此句中look at是行为动词而不是连系动词，故选
B
答案：B
解后反思形容词和副词都具有修饰作用，但是各自修饰的对象不同，形容词修饰名词，作定语，或在连系动词后作表语。而副词修饰行为动词，形容词或副词作状语。【介词】
[例1] 用正确的介词填空。
1）The little girl is looking________ her mother.
2）Thank you ________ your help.
3）Don't read ________ bed.
4）Tom comes ________ the USA.
第1小题要填for，因为look for是一个固定词组，表示寻找的行为。第2小题填for，既可说Thanks for…也可以说Thank you for…，for后接名词。第3小题填in。表示“在床上”in bed，一般不说on bed。第4小题come from一个固定短语，意思相当于be from，表示“来自…”。
[例2] China lies_______ the east of Asia and ______ the east of Japan.
A. in; on
B. to; to
C. to; in
D. in; to
解析表示方位的介词in, on, to意义各不相同。在范围内的地方用in。China属于Asia 范围内，故先用in；不在范围内的地方用to，若两地相连，则要用介词on, China和Japan不属同一范围且有海相隔，故选择to。因此答案为D。
四．强化训练及答案
【名词】
选择正确答案
1. There are forty ______ in our school.
A. women teachers B .teacher women C. woman teachers D. women teacher
2. Mr. Li is one of ______ in the hospital.
A. most popular doctors
B. the most popular doctors
C. most popular doctor
D. the most popular doctor
3. The sign "NO PHOTOS" means that you can't ______.
A. take pictures
B. bring in pictures
C. buy any photos
D. sell any photos
4. Some of the boys in ______ are afraid of maths exams.
A. Class Three B .the Class Three C. Three Class D .the Three Class
5. Have you got any ______ for us this time?
A. pieces of message
B. piece of messages
C. pieces of messages
D. messages
6. ______, those mountains will be covered with trees.
A. In a few years time
B. After a few years time
C. In a few years’time
D. After a few years time
7. Hong Kong is an SAR while Macao is another. So there are ______ in China.
A. both SAR
B. both SARS
C. two SAR
D. two SARS
8. Look! There are ______ stars up there in the ______.
A. thousands of; sky
B. thousands of; air
C. thousand of; sky
D. thousand of; air
9. My father lived in ______ for some ten years.
A. city Beijing
B. the Beijing city
C. Beijing of city
D. the city of Beijing
10. Just from the ______ I know it's Liu Minjun.
A. noise
B. voice
C. sound D .sing
11. —Where are the other two students?
—They're in ______.
A. teacher's office
B. teachers' office
C. the teacher office
D. the teachers' office
12. —How many ______ have you next term?
—Let me see. We'll have eight.
A. lesson
B. subjects
C. days
D. class
13. My uncle's full name is David Edward Hartpode. His family name is ______.
A. Edward
B. Hartpode
C. David
D. David Hartpode
14. He writes more carefully than ______ in his class.
A. any student
B. any other student
C. any other students
D. all students
15. This new kind ______ can do half the work.
A. of tractor
B. tractor
C. of a tractor
D. a tractor
16. John is very happy to have a ______ training.
A. two weeks
B. two-month
C. two-weeks
D. two-months
17. My brother is always careless. He always makes ____
A. mistakes
B. mistake
C. mistook
D. some mistake
18. Mr. Green is nearly ______.
A. two metres high
B. two metres tall
C. high two metres
D. tall two metres
19. Mr. Smith is an ______.
A. English
B. English man
C. Englishman
D. Englishmen
20. A group of ______ are talking with two ______.
A. Frenchmen; Germans B .Frenchmen; Germen
C. German; Frenchmen D Germans; Frenchmans
【代词】
单项选择
1. ______ the twins enjoyed ______ at the party yesterday.
A. Both; them
B. Both; themselves
C. Neither; them
D. All; themselves
2. —Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a cup of tea?
—______, thanks. I'd like just a cup of water.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Both
D. None
3. —Would you like ______ milk in your tea?
—Y es, just ______.
A. any; little
B. some; a little
C. much; a few
D. a little; some
4. There is______ to do this evening.
A. much nothing
B. many nothing
C. nothing much
D. nothing many
5. The two friends were so pleased to see each other that they forget ______.
A. anything else
B. something else
C. nothing else
D. everything else
6. —Is this your shoe?
—Y es, it is. But where is______?
A. the others
B. another
C. other one
D. the other one
7. What I want to say is ______English is a very useful language.
A. it
B. this
C. that
D. those
8. They have an English lesson ______ day, Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
A. each other
B. every other
C. some others
D. another more
9. We found______ very important to learn a foreign language well.
A. this
B. that
C. it
D. it's
10. —______ is Lily like?
—Oh, she's tall and thin.
A. How
B. Who
C. Which
D. What
11. —Would you like milk or orange?
—_______ I prefer water.
A. Each
B. Neither
C. Either
D. Both
12 .—Oh, there is someone in the room.
—______ must be my mother.
A. There
B. She
C. This
D. It
13. Betty and John have come back, but _______ students in the class aren't here yet.
A. the other
B. others
C. another
D. the others
14. ______ of us has read the story.
A. Some
B. Both
C. All
D. None
15. —Which of her parents is a doctor?
—________.
A. Any
B. Either
C. Both
D. All
16. I have bought a new watch because my old ______ doesn't work.
A. it
B. one
C. that
D. this
17. —Is this dictionary _______ or _______?
—It's mine.
A. your; hers
B. your; her
C. your; her
D. yours; hers
18. There is ______ water in my glass. Will you please give me ______.
A. little; some
B. few; any
C. few; some
D. little; any
19. —______pencil-box is this, Patrick?
—It’s ______
A. Whose; mine
B. Who’s; mine
C. Whose; my
D. Who’s; my
20. —The pen is _______. She wrote _______ name with it _______.
A. hers; her; herself
B. her; hers; her
C. her; hers; herself
D. her; herself; hers
【冠词】
用适当的冠词填空，不需要冠词的空白处填“×”
1. Tomorrow is ______ Teachers' Day and we'll make ______ card for our English teacher.
2. The bus is running about seventy miles_____ hour.
3. Mary is interested in ______ science.
4. Some people don't like to talk at ______ table.
5. Last night I went to______ bed very late.
6. Don't worry. We still have ______ little time left.
7. What ______ beautiful day! And what ______ fine weather!
8. In ______ winter it is cold in ______ Beijing and warm in ________Shanghai.
9. John is______ cleverest boy in his class.
10. We can't live without ______ water or ______ air.
11. Tomorrow Mr. Smith will leave Paris, ______capital of______ France, for Washington by______ air.
12. We were having______ lunch when they came in.
13. This is ______ book you gave me last week.
14. What did you do ______ last Saturday?
15. March 8 is ______ Women's Day.
16. If ______ weather is fine tomorrow, we will go to the park.
17. I prefer playing ______ piano to playing ______ basketball.
18. At ______ age of five, he read a lot of books.
19. Tom and Lucy are of ______ same age.
20. ______ harder we study, ______ more we learn.
【数词】
选择填空
l. September is the ________ month of the year.
A. eighth
B. ninth
C. tenth
D. eleventh
2. The People's Republic of China was founded ________
A. on October the first, 1949
B. in October the first ,1949
C. on October one, 1949
D. on October first one, 1949
3. There are ________ days in a year.
A. three hundreds and sixty-five
B. three hundreds and fifty-six
C. three hundreds of sixty-five
D. three hundred and sixty-five
4. There are ________ days in February.
A. thirty
B. thirty-one
C. twenty-eight
D. twenty-six
5. The film begins at 4:15. The right answer of “4:15”is _______
A. four fifth
B. fifteen four
C. four fifteen
D. a quarter to four
6. ________is seventy seven.
A. forty and four
B. thirty-seven and forty
C. forty or thirty-seven
D. seventy of seven
7. What row are you in? I am in ________.
A. Row One
B. Row First
C. Row one
D. One Row
8. How many months are there in a year? There are _______
A. eleven
B. twelve
C. twenty
D. twelfth
9. At the age of ________, he was a worker.
A. twenty
B. the twenty
C. twentieth
D. one
10. The Changjiang River is ________ longest river in China.
A. the first
B. the second
C. the third
D. the fourth
【形容词、副词】
根据A句完成B句，使两句句意一致。
1. A: Their football team is much stronger than the other two.
B: Their football team is ______ ______ of the _____.
2. A: I prefer science to any other subject.
B: I like science _____ _____ any other subject.
3. A: Jane went shopping yesterday, and I went shopping, too.
B: Jane went shopping yesterday and ______ _____ I.
4. A: This room is not big. It can't hold a lot of people.
B: This room is not big_____ ______ hold so many people.
5. A: That machine doesn't work.
B: There is______ ______ with that machine.
6. A: The snow was very heavy last night.
B: It _____ ______ last night.
7. A: His uncle no longer works here.
B: His uncle _____work here ______ longer.
8. A: This is the most important thing at this moment.
B: This thing is _____ important than anything ______ at this moment.
9. A: He was so angry that he couldn't .say a word.
B: He was ______ angry _______ say a word.
10. A: Zhang Tao speaks English better than any other student in his class.
B: ______ speaks English so _____ as Zhang Tao.
【介词】
用适当的介词填空
1. Y ou'd better not go ______ the forest. It's dangerous.
2. Which room are you going to live ______?
3. The building is ______ fire. There're some people ______ the top floor.
4. Before 1990 there was no airline ______ the two cities.
5. It's not good to come late ______ school.
6. What's wrong ______ your bike?
7. Thank you very much ______ coming to see me.
8. I couldn't finish it ______ your help.
9. Don't laugh ______ others’mistakes.
10. Do the twins look ______ their father?
11. —How do you usually come to school, every day?
—Sometimes ______ bike, sometimes ______ foot.
12. It's very kind ______ you to help me ______ my maths.
13. Don't read ______ the sun. It's bad ______ your eyes.
14. The teacher told us the moon travels ______ the earth.
15. Y ou must learn these words ______ heart, and answer my question______ English.
16. Please meet your uncle ______ noon ______ Saturday.
17. Thanks ______ your help, I finished the work before dark.
18. It's cold and the temperature is ______ zero during the night.
19. The teacher is writing ______ red ink ______ a piece of paper.
20. The children are waiting ______ the gate ______ their mother.
名词答案：1. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. A
代词答案：1.B 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.B 8.B 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. D 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.B 17. D 18.A 19.A 20.A
冠词答案：1. ×; a 2.an 3. × 4. × 5. × 6. a 7.a; ×8. ×; ×; ×9.the 10.×; ×11. the; ×; ×12. ×13.the 14.×15. ×16.the 17.the; ×18.the 19.the 20. The; the 数词答案：1-5 B A D C C 6-10 B A B A A
形容词、副词答案：1.the strongest; three 2.better; than 3.so did 4.enough to 5.something wrong 6.snowed heavily 7.doesn't; any 8.more; else 9.too; to 10.Nobody; well
介词答案：1.through 2.in 3.on, on 4.between 5.to 6.with 7.for 8.without 9.at 10.like 11.by; on 12.of; with 13.in; for 14.around/ round 15.by; in 16.at; on 17.to 18.below 19.in; on 20.at; for
人教版中考英语选择填空精编200题 1. ---Y ou’ve dropped _____ “s’’in the word “acros’’. ---Oh, ____ letter “s’’should be doubled like this “across’’.
A. a , a
B. an ,a
C. an ,the
D. the ,the 2. ---May I ______ your dictionary for a while? ---Sorry, I’ve left it at home. A. borrow B. lend C. keep D.take 3. Those_____ have caught SARS disease must be kept off from us. A.who B.which C./ D.what
4. Roy made several kites ,but _____ of them can fly high in the sky. A. neither
B.none
C. all
D.most 5. A number of people in Beijing ______ caught SARS and the number of the people who died of SARS _____ reached nearly one hundred so far.
A.has, has
B. have, have
C. have,has
D. has, have 6.---Could you tell me how to improve spoken English ? ---Well,just take every chance to practise ______and don’t be shy. A. speak B.to speak C. speaking D.spoke 7. ---There’s going to ______ a concert in the hall tonight. ---Y es, and the last performance will be given by Michael Jackson. A.have B.give C.play D.be. 8. An earthquake _______ Dachaidan County in Qinghai province on the morning of April18. A.happened B.rocked C.took place D.appeared 9.The children ______ not to play with the fire .
A. are told
B. tell
C. are asking
D.warn 10. ---Do you often get on-line? ---Y es.I ______ most of my time on it .It’s a good way to kill the time. A.cost B.spend C.pay D.take 11.---Will you please show me how to operate the new machine? ---Sure. It’s a piece of cake.Now let me tell you _____ to do first. A.what B.how C.whether D.when 12---My trousers are______ out. ---I’ll buy you a new pair.
A.tried
B. worn
C.wearing
D.sold 13.The rubbish ______we have collected can be recycled. A.who B.which C. this D.what 14.---The artist has got _____ much work to do that he hardly has time to help his wife with the housework. ---That’s true.Even on Sundays he is busy with his work. A.too B.so C.very D.such
15.---How long have you ____a cough? ---Ever since last night. A. got B. had
C. caught
D. taken 16. ________ Iraqi people were killed in the war which broke out on March 20. A.Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of 17. I went home and _____ my schoolbag and started to help Mother do the cooking. A. put off B. dropped off C.turned off D.shut off 18.---He seems _____ ill. Shall we take him to the hospital right now? ---I don’t think it matters. Maybe he’s caught a bit of a cold. A.terrible B.terribly C.even D.more 19. ---Does the child need any help ? ----No.He is old enough to _____ himself. A.put on B.wear C. take care.
D. dress 20.---This is a really wonderful party with interesting people and great food . ---I’m _____ to hear that you are enjoying yourself. A.sorry B. glad C. afraid D. sure.
21 ---What are you going to do tomorrow? ----I’m not sure. I____ make a trip to Hanzhou with my girl friend. A.may B.maybe C.will D.must 22.----The pen writes well though it doesn’t cost much. ---- Let me have a try. So _____. A.it is B.it does C.does it D.is it 23.The accident happened ______ a freezing winter morning. A.on B.in C.at D.since 24.---____ the Internet _____ in your school? ---Y es , but the computer in our office has often broken down. A.Is,used B.Is,using
C.Does ,use
D.Has ,used 25. There was a phone call for you while you were out and it was _____in English. A. called B. rung C. phoned D.made 26. The essential needs should _______ to the prisoners of wars（战俘）. A.offer B.be offering C.be offered D.to be offered 27.---I eat _____ vegetables and ______ meat than I did last year. ----That’s why you’re getting fatter. A. fewer,more B.more,less C.less,more D.many ,much 28.--- How many times have you _______ from your penfriend since last year? A.heard B.received C.got D.written 29. .—Do you know the city of Ningbo well ? —Of course I do. I’ve here for nearly 3 years.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3011139832.html,e
B. got
C.arrived
D. been 30.---Sorry .I am late. ---It doesn’t matter.The meeting has ______ for just several minutes A. begun B. started C. been on D.held
31.---- Is the hen old enough to ____ eggs? ----Y es,it has _____ a lot. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3011139832.html,y,laid
B.lie,lain
C.lie,laid
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3011139832.html,y,lain 32.---Can I take both of the presents? ----No,I’m afraid not.Y ou can take ______ of them. A.both B.each C.either D.any 33.----Could you tell me _____? I must find him. ----Sorry .I have no idea.But he was here just now . A.where Tom was B.where has Tom gone C.where can I find Tom. D.where Tom is 34.---It’s necessary and important ______school teachers to teach their students how to get on well with others. ----Y es, you said it. A. of B. for C.from D.to 35.----I don’t think your team can beat theirs. ----____.But we could if Lin Tao were on the team. A. No,we can’t B.Y es ,we can’t C. Y es,we can D.No, we can 36. .China has made a great contribution _____ preventing SARS.
A.for
B. to
C.with
D.in 37.----I’m too busy_______ to my family often. ---Why not call them instead ? A.writing B.to write C.written D.write 38.----______ present you’ve bought for me! ----I’m glad you like it. A.How a B.What a C.How D.What 39.---This is no-smoking zone.Can’t you see the sign? ----Oh ,sorry. I ______ it. A.haven’t seen B.won’t see C.don’t see D.didn’t see 40.----Will you please let me have a look at the photos taken in the States ? ---Sure .I’ll _____ them to school tomorrow. A.take B.carry C.get D.bring 41- --We will do what we can ____ourselves this term. ---It’s high time for you to work hard.
A.improve
B.to improve
C.be improved
D.be improving 42---What happened to Tom? ---He was crossing the street ____ a motorbike hit him from behind.
A.while
B.when
C.until
D.because 43---Dad,what’s the sea like? ---Well,it’s large and full of water. It covers about _____ of the earth. A.one third B.three quarter C.three-fourth D.three quarters 44. ---May I go out for an outing with you tomorrow? ---If your mother______. A. will let B. will allow C.let D.agrees 45---Would you like ______ some fruit? ---No thanks. I don’t feel like _____ anything now.
A.to have,to eat
B.having, to eat
C. to have , eating
D. having ,eating 46---There can be no life on the earth without water. ---That’s right.Water _____ everywhere.
A.needs
B.is needing
C.is needed
D.needed 47---Were you late ____the meeting? ---No,I arrived there ten minutes______ the meeting started. A.for, before B. at, before C. for ,till D. at ,after 48---Excuse me,______ I don’t think you can smoke here. ----Sorry I didn’t know this is none-smoking zone. A. and B.but C.so D.then 49---How many English words had you learned _____ the end of last term? ----Aound 2000,but I’ve forgotten most of them. A.by B.at C.to D.on 50.---Are
you learning art now during your spare time? ----No. I’ve stopped _____ Chinese medicine instead. A.to learn B.learning C.dropping D.to give up 51.----_____ is your new teacher? ----The one standing under the tree with a dictionary in his hand.
A.Who
B.What
C.Where
D.Which 52.---Do you like being a teacher? ---- Sure.But my parents ____ me to be a doctor when I was a young girl.. A.hoped B.want. C. wished D. expect 53. The result is so ______ that we can hardly believe it.
A.surprising
B.surprised
C.amazed
D.surprise 54.---He was ill and had two weeks ______. A.of B.away C.off D.out 55.---Did you _____ the first place of the league match? ---Of course we did. We _____ all the other teams. A.beat, beat B. beat ,won C. win, won D.win, beat. 56.---Sorry _____ being late. ---It doesn’t matter. In fact, you ’re just on time______ it A.for, for B.of, for C.for, with D.of, with 57.---What he enjoys _____ great and interesting. ---Y es,but it’s dangerous. A.sounds B. sounding t C.sounded D.to sound 58.---Y ou look _______. What has happened to you? --- Everyone expected us to win the match, but we lost to the girls. A. sad B.sadly C .happy D .angrily 59.---- Did you finish _____ the book? ---- Y es ,I did. Thanks ____ your dictionary, I had a better understanding of it. A.reading,for B.reading,to C.to read, for D.to read ,to
60.----How ____ is it from here Ningbo to Xi’an? ----It’s about two ____ flight.
A.long, hour’s
B.far,hour’s
C.long, hours’
D.far, hours’......
初中英语语法大全
初中英语语法大全 名词 一名词的定义：表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词。 二名词的分类： 名词可以分为专有名词（Proper Nouns）和普通名词 (Common Nouns），专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness等。普通名词又可分为下面四类： 1）个体名词（Individual Nouns）：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。 2）集体名词（Collective Nouns）：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。 3）物质名词（Material Nouns）：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。 4）抽象名词（Abstract Nouns）：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。 注意 专有名词一般第一个字母要大写。专有名词前一般不加冠词。 名词的种类 注意 物质名词与抽象名词一般无法用数目来计算，称为不可数名词。不可数名词前不能加冠词a或an来表示量。 （三）名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式： 1.单数 英语中，如果我们要表示一本书、一只鸟、一棵树等概念时，要用名词的单数
形式，表示名词的单数，要在名词前加冠词a或an。 This is a desk . 这是一张书桌。 There is an orange on the table . 桌上有一个橘子。 an orange 一个橘子 an new orange （×）→ a new orange （○） 一个新橘子 a desk a old desk （×）→ an old desk （○） 一张旧课桌 关键字：初中英语语法大全初中英语语法总结初中英语语法辅导英语语法大全名词复数名词所有格复数冠词抽象名词 a和an的使用区别 a加在以辅音开头的名词前，如a book，a pen。 an加在以元音开头的名词前，如an egg，an apple。 注意 有时a，an后面紧接的不是单数名词，而是a (an) +形容词+单数名词的形式。 这时判断用a还是an来表示“一个”的概念时，要看形容词开头字母的发音，而不是看名词。 2.复数
初中英语语法专项练习题及答案.doc
初中英语语法专项习题1-名词82页附参考答案1. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 2 ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news P. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 3 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse.
(完整word版)初中英语语法讲解大全,推荐文档
初中英语语法讲解 在中考单项选择试题中，除了时态，名词的考查频率也较高。一般考查以下几点： 一、可数名词与不可数名词 在可数名词与不可数名词上一般出现这样几类，（1）分辨是哪一类名词，并根据结论做选择。（2）可数名词复数的不规则变化。（3）不可数名词的量化表达。所以，考生首先要能够明确哪些是可数名词，哪些是不可数名词。其次，还要知道可数名词的复数的变化规则。可数名词的变化规则一般是在单词后面加-s 或-es，如： 1desk---desks bed---beds piano---pianos hat---hats bag---bags photo---phot os 2bus---buses box---boxes watch---watches brush---brushes 3tomato---tomatoes potato---potatoes hero---heroes Negro---Negroes 4 leaf---leaves knife---knives 5baby---babies family---families 另外，还要记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如： Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen Russian---Russians American---Americans
German --- Germans child---children foot---feet man---men woman---women tooth---teeth goose --- geese deer---deer sheep---sheep 还要掌握不可数名词的量化表达有：a piece of、a bag of、a bottle of、a cup of、a glass of 另外，大家应注意：单数集合名词作主语时谓语动词“数的”变化：单数集合名词如class, police, family, school, group, team等。尽管形式上是单数，意义上都是复数，因此，一般要与复数谓语动词连用，例如： Class Five have a foreign friend. 五班有一位外国朋友。（这里的五班指五班的同学的。） His family are good to me. 他的家人对我很好。（很显然，这里的family指家庭成员。）当上述集合名词着重指“整体”时，意义上则是单数，因此，要与单数谓语动词连用。例如， Our school team often plays well in our city. 我们的校队经常在我们市踢得很好。（这里的team 指整个队，但意义上仍为单数，故谓语动词用plays. 初中英语语法讲解二、名词所有格 名词所有格有两种形式：一是加’s，一种是用of来表示。一般情况
初中英语语法知识—名词的分类汇编附答案
一、选择题 1．My sister and I like eating two _______ and some _______ for dinner. They are really delicious. A．salad; eggs B．salads; eggs C．salad; eggs D．salads; egg 2．________the________Mike’ s and Jack’s? A．Is, rooms B．Are, room C．Are, rooms D．Is, room 3．Is it a picture_________ your school? A．of B．to C．and D．with 4．There are two________ near our school. A．shoe shops B．shoes shops C．shoe's shops D．shoes' shops 5．—What does your mother have for dinner？ — A．Chickens and tomato B．Chicken and tomatoes．C．Chicken and tomato．6．There________some water in the bottle. A．is B．am C．are D．be 7．—Kate, I will go to the Guangzhou Zoo next week, because I will have a ________ holiday —You mean you can have ________ off? Oh, that’s great! A．three-day; three days B．three- day; three days’ C．three days’; three-day D．three days; three days 8．—Tom likes soccer.What club can he join? —He can join the ______ club. A．sport B．music C．sports D．swimming 9．—What is your _______, Lingling? —I really enjoy reading _______ stories at night. A．interests; interesting B．interests; interest C．interest; interesting D．interesting; interest 10．—What can I do for you? —Err, I want a glass of milk, some bread and . A．some chickens B．any chicken C．some chicken 11．_______mother usually cooks for_______ at the weekend. A．Lily and Nick; their B．Lily's and Nick's; them C．Lily and Nick's; their D．Lily and Nick's; them 12．—Do you think it is _______good advice? —Yes, it’s really _______useful suggestion. A．a; an B．/; a C．a; a D．/; an 13．—Could you please give me ____? —Certainly. A．some advices B．any advices
初中英语语法知识—动词的分类汇编含答案
一、选择题 1．When did your father your mother? A．marry B．marry to C．marry with D．get married 2．—________ Mary________ fruit? —Of course. A．Is; like B．Does; likes C．Does; like D．Do; likes 3．Coffee is ready. How nice it ______! Would you like some? A．looks B．smells C．sounds D．feels 4．A group of little ducks __________ their mother into the river and swim away. A．follow B．miss C．help D．cross 5．Our school basketball team ________ in the final of the basketball competition. Another team from No.5 Middle School ________ doing very well too. A．is; isn’t B．are; aren’t C．is; are D．are; is 6．—What will the weather _______tomorrow? — It is going to_______ . A．be like; rainy B．be like; rain C．like; rain D．like; rainy 7．—How much ________ this pair of shoes? —Five dollars. A．am B．is C．are D．be 8．—William, your hat _______ nice. —Thanks. A．buys B．looks C．finds 9．—I am feeling ill. What should I do? — eating junk food and breakfast every day. A．Stop; having B．Stop; have C．To stop; have. D．To stop; to have 10．—Do you know whom they will have ________the parts of car together?—Sorry,I have no idea. A．fix B．fixed C．to fix D．fixing 11．Karen and Helen _______ my brother's friends. I know _______. A．is; her B．are; them C．are; her D．is; them 12．Many students are so crazy about mobile games that they lose interest in their schoolwork, which _________ their parents and teachers a lot. A．worries about B．is worried about C．worries D．is worried 13．Their eyes __________blue, but ours_________black. A．are; are B．is; are C．are; is . D．are; is 14．— Tom in the library? —Yes,and his friends Eric and Dale in the library,too. A．Is;are B．Is;is C．Are;is 15．—Who are you _______? — My mother.
初中英语语法练习题练习及答案全
初中英语语法练习题练习及答案 初中英语语 各个击破 目录 一．名词（）二．形容词（）三．代词（）四．数词（）五．冠词（）六．动词动词语态时态（）动词不定式（）七．副词（）八．介词（）九．连词（）十．比较级和最高级（）十一．定语从句（）十二．主谓一致（）十三．状语从句（）十四．虚拟语气（） 十五．倒装句（）十六．独立主格（）十七．其他重点语法（）初中英语语法专项练习一——名词 1 ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes
D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear
2021年初中英语语法知识—代词的分类汇编及答案解析(1)
一、选择题 1．Boys and girls, don′t lose in watching TV too much because it is bad for your eyes. A．himself B．yourself C．themselves D．yourselves 2．一I like the story of The Maze Runner better than of Tire Hunger Came. 一I agree. The fights are more exciting than in The Hunger Game. A．that; those B．those; those C．that; that D．those; that 3．—Did you buy a large house? —No, not really, at least not as large as ______. A．yours B．your C．you 4．—Hi, Anna. Are these your sister’s pencils? —Oh, no. The y’re not ______. A．her B．him C．hers D．his 5．The government is making an effort to improve the life of elderly people, many of whom are suffering（遭受） from either loneiness or poor health, or even___________. A．neither B．none C．all D．both 6．— Is there anything to drink in the fridge? — No, there is _____ left. A．all B．both C．neither D．none 7．—When is your father’s birthday? —________ birthday is on April 2nd. A．He B．She C．His D．Him 8．----Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xi'an? ---- is OK. It’s up to you. A．Either B．Neither C．Both D．All 9．—Shall we sit in the corner or by the window? —. I don’t mind. A．Both B．Neither C．No D．Either 10．Not ______that is faced can be changed, but nothing can be changed until it is faced. A．everything B．anything C．something D．nothing 11．My parents showed some old pictures that brought back sweet memories. A．I B．me C．my D．mine 12．—How many friends of ________ can come to celebrate your birthday? —________, I think. They’re all preparing for the new term. A．you, No one B．yours, None C．you, None 13．Winning or losing is only half the game, __________half is learning how to communicate with your teammates and learning from your mistakes. A．another B．other C．the other 14．Life is full of ups and downs, and without the downs, the ups will mean A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing
初中英语语法专项练习题汇编
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3. 常用的特殊疑问句
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