a, an, the的用法讲解及练习

a, an, the的用法讲解及练习

冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。

an, a是不定冠词，仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数目观念。a用在以辅音（指辅音音素）开头的词前， an用在以元音（指元素音素）开头的词前。

the是定冠词，修饰特指名词翻译成“这个”。如果泛指某物,用a,/an,具体指某物的话，用the.

注意：

（1）当我们使用an时，条件有三：

①这个名词的读音必须是以元音音素开头--即它的音标的第一个音素是元音，而不是说它是以元音字母开头。

②它必须是个可数名词。

③它还必须是个单数名词。我们常常见到这类用法：

an university 一所大学 an hour 一个小时

an orange 一只桔子 an engineer 一位工程师

an ordinary man一个普通人 an honest person一位诚实的人

（2）定冠词在句子中，既可以用于可数名词前，也可以用于不可数名词前；既用在可数名词的单数形式前，也用在可数名词的复数形式前。从表达意义上讲，它既可表达this, that之意义，也可表达these, those之意义。

一．不定冠词的用法：

1．用于可数名词单数前，表示某一类人或事物。

This is a ruler.

He’s a student.

2．指人或事物，但不具体说明何人或何物。

There are seven days in a week.

We have three meals a day.

3．表示“一个”，但数的概念没有one强。

There’s a tree on the hill.

He has an interesting book.

4．指某类人或事物中的任何一个。

An elephant is bigger than a horse.

A car runs faster than a bike.

5．用于某些固定词组中。

a lot of\ a bit\have a rest\have a cold\a kind of\a piece of\have a good time

6.首次提到的人或物。

二. 定冠词的用法

（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。

例如： The book on the desk is mine.

（2）指双方都知道的人或事物。

例如： Open the door, please. 请开门。

（3）用在世界上独一无二的事物前。

例如： The sun is bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大些。

但这些名词作为描绘性定语时，可用不定冠词。

例如： Look! A red sun is rising. 瞧！一轮红日正在升起。

（4）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。

例如： The first island is the biggest of the three.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。（5）用在用普通名词构成的党派，国家等专有名词以及江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等专有名词前。

例如： They will visit the Great Wall next week.

（6）用在形容词前表示一类人，the +形容词指的是一群人，是一种复数含义，所以其后动词应用复数形式。

例如： The old are sick.

（7）用在姓名复数形式前表示一家人。

例如： The Smiths have moved to London.

（8）用在某些习惯用语中。

例如： in the morning, on the left, the day before yesterday, all the same (9)弹奏西方乐器前面要用定冠词，东方乐器则不用。

例如：Play the piano, play Erhu

三．零冠词即不用冠词的情况：

1．专有名词和不可数名词： China, Class One如特指可与冠词连用。

2．泛指的复数名词前:Books are my best friend.

3．在星期(on Monday)、月份(in March)、季节(in Summer)、节日(in Christmas)前4．一日三餐(have breakfast)、球类(play basketball)、学科(maths)、语言( in English)名词前

5．职务、头衔、称呼前:Doctor,I am not feeling well.

6．名词前已有指示代词、物主代词或不定冠词时

7．在某些固定短语中

I.在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划×。

1．There is _______ picture of_______ elephant on _______ wall．

2．This is _______ useful book．I've read it for _______ hour．

3． _______ elephant is much heavier than _______ horse．

4． _______ doctor told him to take_______ medicine three times _______ day．

5．Let's go out for _______ walk．

6．It's too hot．Open_______ door，please．

7．There is _______ woman over there． _______ woman is Meimei's mother．

8． _______ sun rises in_______ east．

9． _______ Changjiang River is_______ longest river in _______ China．

10．Are you going to do it _______ second time？

11．Washington is _______ capital of _______ USA．

12． _______ Turners are living at the end of _______ Turner Street．

13．He joined the army in _______ spring of _______ 1995．

14． _______ old man is_______ teacher．He likes playing_______ basketball after _______ supper．

15．After I had _______ quick breakfast，I hurried to school．

16．Are _______ sheep kept by_______ farmers for producing ______ wool and _____ meat？

17．They went to _______ People's Park，but we both went to _______ People's Cinema yesterday．

18．I often watch _______ TV in_______ evening．

19． _______ day of _______ December 20，1999 is Monday．

20．Tomorrow is _______ Christmas Day and my father and I went to choose _______ Christmas tree today．

21．I think _______ maths is more important than any other subject．

22．He often goes to _______ school by _______ bike．

23．What does this _______ word mean， _______ Father？

24．What _______ important news！

II.选择填空。

1．—Does Jim have _______ ruler？

—Yes，he has _______ ．

A．an；some B．a；one C．a；／ D．any；one

2．There is _______ old bike． _______ old bike is Mr Zhao's．

A．an ；The B．the；An C．a；The D．the；The

3． _______ apple a day keeps the doctors aw ay．

A．The B．A C．An D．Two

4．—How many books do you have？

—I have _______ book．That's _______ English book．

A．a；an B．a；one C．one；an D．one；one

5．At that time Tom was_______ one-year-old baby．

A．a B．an C．the D．／

6． _______ tiger is _______ China．

A．The；a B．A；the C．The；from D．The；the

7．We can't see _______ sun at_______ night．

A．the；the B．the；／ C．a；／ D．／；／

8． _______ useful book it is！

A．What an B．How a C．What a D．What

9．One afternoon he found_______ handbag．There was _______ “s”on the corner of _______ handbag．

A．a；an；the B．a；a；the C．an；an；an D．the；a；a

10． _______ old lady with white hair spoke _______ English well at _______ meeting．A．An；an；a B．The；／；an C．The；／；a D．The；／；the

11． _______ Great Wall is_______ longest wall in the world．

A．A；a B．The；the C．A；the D．The；a

12． _______ new bridge has been built over Huangpu River．

A．The；a B．A；／C．A；the D．An；the

13． _______ woman over there is_______ popular teacher in our school．

A．A；an B．The；a C．The；the D．A；the

14．He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer．

A．a；a B．a；the C．／；a D．a；／

15．They made him _______ king．

A．a B．the C．an D．／

16．His father is _______ English teacher．He works in our school．

A．a B．an C．the D．／

17．Is he _______ American boy ？

A．an B．a C．one D．／

18．Does Tom often play _______ football after _______ school？

A．／；／ B．／；the C．the；／ D．a；／

19．They passed our school _______ day before yesterday．

A．an B．one C．a D．the

20．Australia is _______ English-speaking country．

A．a B．an C．the D．／

21．She has _______ orange skirt． _______ skirt is nice．

A．a；The B．an；The C．an；A D．the；The

22．This is _______ apple．It's _______ big apple．

A．an；a B．a；the C．a；an D．an；the

23．Look at _______ horse over there．

A．a B．an C．the D．／

24．Don't play _______ basketball here．It's dangerous．

A．a B．an C．／D．the

25．There is _______ old woman in the car．

A．／ B．the C．a D．an

26．Beijing is _______ beautiful city．It's _______ capital of China．A．a；a B．the；the C．／；the D．a；the

27．Shanghai is in _______ east of China．

A．／ B．an C．a D．the

28．I've been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years．A．a B．an C．the D．／

29．Bill is _______ English teacher．He likes playing _______ football．A．a；the B．an；the C．a；／ D．an；／

30．The museum is quite far．It will take you half _______ hour to get there by_______ bus．

A．an；／ B．an；a C．a；／ D．／；／

练习：

一、选择正确的答案

1. I am ___(a, an)student.

2. There is ____(a, an) elephant in the zoo.

3. You are ____(a, an) good boy.

4. I have ____(a, an) orange.

5. Miss Grant is ____( a, an )ugly teacher.

6. This is _____(a ,an)new book.

7. Please take ____(a, an )umbrella.

8. Close ____(a, an ,the)door, please.

9. My father is ____(a ,an) doctor.

10. There is _____(a, an) orange on the table.

11. He gives me _____(a, an )sticker.

12. What is _____(a, an, the )biggest bird in the world?

13. I have ____orange .____orange is very sour.( a, an ,the)

14. My father is ____(a, an, the )man.

15._____(A ,An ,The )moon is in the sky.

16. There’s ____(a, an, the )apple on the table.

17.______(a, an, The) blackboard in our classroom is big.

18. He likes to play ____(a, an, the )piano.

19. Monday is ____(a, a, the )first day of the week.

20. My favorite animal is ____(a, an ,the) cat.

二、在需要的地方填入适当的冠词，不需要的地方填‘/’。

1．This is _______egg. It’s _______small egg.

2．Jim has_______ big head.

3．Who is_______ girl in green?

4．--Do you have_______ knife?

--Yes, I do. I only have_______ small one.

5. Lucy and Lily look________ same.

6. Jim is from_______ USA. Mike is from________ England.

7.________boy over there is Jim’s________ brother.

8. ―Is that________ cat or_______ tiger?

——It’s_______ cat.

9. We are in________ Beijing No.2 High School.

10. They are in________ same class.