第五次在线考试-英语试题+答案
第五次在线考试
英语
注意事项:
1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Some of the greatest scientists of all time are women who have made important discoveries in a variety of fields in science. Several of their contributions throughout history are even more than men s contributions. Our list of the most famous female scientists below are organized in order of popularity so you can read about the advancements that they made.
Marie Curie (1867-1934)
Famous For: Work on radioactivity
Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize and the only woman to win this award in two fields: Physics and Chemistry. She discovered polonium and radium and her work helped with the creation of X-rays.
Jane Goodall (1934)
Famous For: Primate (灵长类) studies
Jane Goodall is known world-wide for her groundbreaking studies on primates. She is considered as the top expert on chimps in the world and is perhaps best known for her 45-year study on the social lives of these animals in Tanzania. Rita Levi-Montalcini (1909-2012)
Famous For: Nerve growth studies
Rita Levi-Montalcini was a neurologist (神经病学家) who won the Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine in 1986 for her findings in Nerve Growth Factor (NGF). She was the first Nobel prize winner to live past her 100th birthday.
Lise Meitner (1878-1968)
Famous For: Work on radioactivity and nuclear physics
Lise Meitner was a key member of a group that discovered nuclear fission (裂变). One of her colleagues, Otto Hahn, was given the Noble Prize for this work. That Meitner didn t get the award is considered to be a huge error by the Nobel committee.
1.Who is still contributing to the world?
A.Marie Curie.
B.Jane Goodall.
C.Rita Levi-Montalcini.
D.Lise Meitner.
2.What did Rita Levi-Montalcini reseach on?
A.Nerve growth.
B.The wildlife.
C.Nuclear explosion.
D.Radioactivity.
3.What do we know about Lise Meitner?
A.She was awarded the Nobel Prize.
B.She made a big mistake in her work.
C.She did lots of studies about nerve growth.
D.She made great contributions to nuclear physics.
B
Knowing more about science than the average middle student, Caroline Crouchley, 13, of Garden City is a finalist in the 2019 3M Young Scientist Challenge. The annual competition tasks students in grades fifth to eighth with making a video tracing a unique solution to an everyday problem. Crouchley is one of 10 finalists chosen out of thousands of students this year.
After watching her brother enter the competition several years ago, Crouchley, who has always loved science, couldn t wait for her turn. In May, she submitted a two-minute video about her idea to the organizer to create growing methods of public transportation. When she found out she was a finalist in June, she
couldn t believe it.
Crouchley s project was inspired by the construction she sees every day outside her window in Garden City, as well as the Long Island Railroad s recent expansion. She noticed transportation causes pollution in her community, and she was determined to find a way to stop it.
“Maybe one day, we can have better technology and find a way to help the environment,” Crouchley said. In her video, Crouchley explains that the use of fossil fuels let out by public transportation is a major cause of environmental problems. She believes technology that reduces the need for a diesel (柴油)
engine or an electric motor is the solution. To show her idea in action, she designed a new type of train.
Crouchley created a computerized system design model for her train using an engineering program called Autodesk Inventor. She brought the train to life using a 3D printer, magnets (磁铁) and a solar-powered air compressor (压缩机). Crouchley said it took a long time to develop her ideas and make the video. She had to work under deadlines, too, which she said was stressful.
4.What s the competition about?
A.Solving daily problems.
B.Knowing about science.
C.Meeting personal curiosity.
D.Answering the question on science.
5.Which can replace the underlined word “tracing” in paragraph 1?
A.arresting
B.overcoming
C.describing
D.accumulating
6.What s the purpose of Crouchley s project?
A.To help protect the environment.
B.To invent a new kind of transportation.
C.To inspire teenagers to struggle for their dreams.
D.To find a solution to avoid using transportation.
7.Which of the following best describes Crouchley?
A.Energetic.
B.Creative.
C.Humorous.
D.Demanding.
C
You might easily gain access to fresh fruit and vegetables, but this isn t the case in some parts of America. The U.S. has many areas that are considered as food deserts, which are defined as parts of the country short of fresh fruit, vegetables and other healthy food, usually found in poor areas.
Food deserts are urban areas where the nearest grocery store is more than 1 mile away, and rural areas where the nearest grocery store is more than 10 miles away. According to the USDA, 19 million Americans—or 6.2% of the population—
live in places that can be considered as food deserts.
The issue isn t necessarily about the difference in cost between healthy and unhealthy foods in these areas but it s about a lack of access to healthy choices at all. And, with the lack of healthy food choices, these areas typically have a large supply of unhealthy foods sold at fast-food companies and convenience stores.
Eating unhealthy foods can lead to overweight, which puts people at risk for all kinds of major health issues, including high blood pressure, heart disease,
and some cancers.
But some people, especially those who cannot afford a car, are stuck with eating what s readily available. In the case of food deserts, it s usually the type of food that can lead to overweight. Studies have shown that this is likely to be a problem in low-income areas. When money is not enough, people tend to buy foods that last longer and remove food waste, which is a waste of their limited income.
Lack of access is only one part of the problem, however. A study published in 2018 found that food inequality wasn t removed. The bigger issue was likely the lack of education and nutritional knowledge in these communities, which prevents people with lower incomes from understanding the benefits of healthy eating.
While overweight is a significant issue in these communities, the cost of unhealthy eating isn t just physical. A study found that 71 billion dollars in healthcare costs due to chronic diseases could be saved through healthier eating.
8.What can we infer from the first two paragraphs?
A.6.2% of the Americans live in poor areas.
B.Some parts of the USA lack fresh vegetables.
C.Some people in America don t need fresh fruit.
D.People in the food deserts buy fresh vegetables easily.
9.Why can fast-food companies sell large amounts of unhealthy food in the food deserts?
A.These areas are rich in unhealthy food materials.
B.Fast-food companies want to make a larger profit.
C.Healthy food choices are unavailable in these areas.
D.People in these areas prefer unhealthy food to healthy food.
10.What do studies say about people in low-income areas?
A.They are less likely to have overweight problems.
B.They are delighted to prepare food for themselves.
C.They have to buy food that can be preserved longer.
D.They are used to eating food donated by food companies.
11.What stops people from understanding healthy eating benefits in the food deserts?
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3113320312.html,ck of government financial support.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3113320312.html,ck of knowledge of disease prevention.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3113320312.html,ck of social promotion of healthy eating.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3113320312.html,ck of education and knowledge in nutrition.
D
Rescuing victims from a burning building, a chemical spill, or any disaster
that is inaccessible to human responders could one day be a task for adaptable robots. Imagine, for instance, rescue-robots rising up on two legs can bound through rubble (碎石), push aside a heavy obstacle, or break through a locked door.
Engineers are improving the design of four-legged robots and their ability to run, jump and even do back leaps. But getting two-legged, human-like robots to use force or push against something without falling has been a lion in the way.
Now engineers at MIT and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign have developed a method to control balance in a two-legged, tele-operated robot—an essential step toward enabling a human-like to carry out high-impact tasks in challenging environments. The team s robot, physically resembling a machined
body and two legs, is controlled remotely by a human operator wearing a vest that sends information about the human s motion and ground reaction forces to the robot. Through the vest, the human operator can direct and experience the
robot s movements. If the robot is starting to tip over, the human feels the same pull on the vest and can adjust in a way to rebalance both himself and the robot.
In experiments with the robot to test this new “balance feedback” approach, the researchers were able to remotely maintain the robot s balance as it jumped and walked in sync (同步) with its human operator.
“It s like running with a heavy backpack—you can feel how the dynamics (力) of the backpack move around you, and you can make up properly,” says Joao Ramos, who developed the approach as an MIT Postdoctor. “Now if you want to open a heavy door, the human can command the robot to throw its body at the door and
push it open,without losing balance.”
12.What s the function of the first paragraph?
A.Advertise a new robot.
B.Show the appearance of the robot.
C.Tell the principle of the two-legged robot.
D.Introduce the purpose of the two-legged robot.
13.What is the trouble with human-like robots?
A.It s hard for them to do back leaps.
B.It s hard for them to keep their balance.
C.They can t push against anything hard.
D.They often fall down when meeting the lions.
14.What is special about the robot research at MIT?
A.The tested robot s actions can be felt by the human operator.
B.The robot is tested in challenging environments.
C.The data on the tested robot is sent by phones.
D.The tested robot has a voice-control system.
15.Which is the best title for the text?
A.The Strength of Two-legged Robot
B.The Development History of Robot
C.A New Four-legged Rescuing Robot
D.New Research on Two-legged Robot
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Responsibility is an admirable character that makes life better for everyone around you. It isn t only about doing your homework or feeding the dog. 16 Showing responsibility isn t always easy, but practicing and making an effort
will help you improve over time.
Think of the consequences before speaking or acting. Bad decisions often lead to a lot of new problems. Many times, you can avoid these problems by thinking about what you re about to do before you go through with it. Irresponsible people often make decisions without realizing how they are affecting others.
17
Pause and reflect on your actions to see what you can do better. Take a time out to look back on what you have said or done, especially after a difficult decision. 18 Consider what goes right, what goes wrong, and what you can do differently next time. Use what you learn to become wiser and more responsible.
19 If you re honest, people will believe you are a responsible person. Try to be as honest as possible. Lying leads to deeper holes in the long run, so admit when you do something wrong. This can be very tough to do at times, but
it s something you can handle when you re a responsible person.
Apologize for any mistake you make. No one is perfect, and no matter how responsible you try to be, you might mess up sometimes. 20 If you hurt someone, tell them you are sorry and will do better next time.
A.Tell the truth to be honest with others.
B.Instead of hiding your mistakes, own them.
C.Find solutions for problems instead of blaming others.
D.It s also about making proper choices and doing what is right.
E.By reflecting, you give yourself a chance to make better decisions.
F.Avoid big lies hurting one s feelings if you want people to trust you.
G.Most decisions affect other people, so be responsible for your choices.
第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Donna Hopkins has survived breast cancer twice and lost part of her left leg due to a serious disease. But none of those 21 has slowed her down. Actually, this lifelong 22 went on to become a competitive rower (划船手)—and now she
is even 23 trying ice hockey (冰球).
Hopkins was first diagnosed with breast cancer in 1997 after she found a lump (肿块) while she was sitting at work one day. She said,“I immediately called my primary 24 and scheduled an appointment. You can t wait around because if
you act 25, the chances of your 26are greater.” She had a treatment, but two years later the 27 returned. She had a(n)28 and has been cancer-free since, and advises others to make sure they 29 of their illness as much as possible.
Donna s doctor suggested she take up 30 even though she didn t know how to swim. “Rowing became the 31 that I needed to get me through a dark time,” she says.
Her faith and her32 nature also assisted her in getting through those difficult times. “I don t like to 33 anything,” she laughs.
“You have one life to live. You ve got to live it to the utmost.” she says. “I always tell people that I may have gone through some hard times that cannot
be 34, but I think I m a better person today 35 what I ve gone through.”
21.A.achievements B.intentions C.hardships D.scenes
22.A.athlete B.coach C.judge D.captain
23.A.giving up B.thinking about C.believing in D.talking about
24.A.professor B.workmate C.teacher D.doctor
25.A.immediately B.seriously C.naturally D.hopefully
26.A.working B.travelling C.living D.showing
27.A.cruelty B.signal C.shock D.cancer
28.A.operation B.pressure C.movement D.loss
29.A.remind B.warn C.approve D.know
30.A.jumping B.rowing C.running D.swimming
31.A.prejudice B.alarm C.medicine D.sorrow
32.A.curious https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3113320312.html,petitive C.cautious D.conservative
33.A.classify B.lose C.hurt D.bear
34.A.predicted B.stated C.processed D.possessed
35.A.in need of B.in case of C.because of D.instead of
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Father s Day originated to complement Mother s Day. It became a 36 (commerce) holiday in 1908. 37(celebrate) at a church in West Virginia in
that same year on July 5th, Father s Day was only a one time event and not set up as an annual holiday. It was not made 38 permanent national holiday until 1972.
A woman named Sonora Smart Dodd, one of six 39(child) raised by her
father after her mother died, began to launch a campaign for the holiday in 1909. She 40(appeal) to churches, shopkeepers and public officials 41(gain) support in her state. Sonora was successful and Washington became the first state to celebrate statewide Father s Day.
Despite early 42(succeed), many attempts to make Father s Day a national holiday were met with resistance because Congress was concerned it would become commercialized. Retailers and advertisers pushed it 43 a “second Christmas” for men. When World War II began, advertisers wanted Father s Day to be a way to honor the troops (军队)44 other men who made efforts in the war. This helped it gain popularity, and it was already a national institution by the time it 45 (declare) an official holiday by President Nixon in 1972. Our dads have been outfitted in fancy new ties every year since.
第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
假定你是李华,你校准备面向在华外籍高中生举办主题为“中文的魅力”的演讲比赛。请你给在你市国际学校就读的好友William发一封电子邮件,告知此事,并鼓励他参赛,内容包括:
1.介绍比赛相关内容(时间、地点、参加者等);
2.比赛的要求(用中文演讲,时间不超过5分钟,内容积极向上)。
注意:
1.词数80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
第二节(满分25分)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
I had never been more anxious in my life. I had just spent the last three endless hours trying to get to the airport so that I could travel home. Now, as I watched the bus driver set my luggage on the airport sidewalk, I realized that my anxiety had only just begun.
This was my first visit alone to the international terminal of the airport, and nothing was familiar. I couldn t make sense of any of the signs. Where was the check-in counter? Where should I take my luggage? I had no idea where to go, feeling as if I were deaf and blind and stupid. I began to panic. What time was it? Where was my plane? I had to find help because I couldn t be late!
I tried to ask a passing businessman for help, but my words all came out wrong. He just frowned and walked away. What had happened? I had been in this country for a whole semester, and I couldn t even remember how to ask for directions. This was awful! Another bus arrived at the terminal, and the passengers came out carrying all sorts of luggage. Here was my chance! I could follow them to the right place, and I would not have to say a word.
I dragged my enormous suitcase behind me and followed the group. We finally reached the elevators. Oh, no! They all fit in it, but there was not enough room for me. I watched in despair as the elevator doors closed. I was abandoned again!
I had no idea what to do next. I got on the elevator when it returned and stared at all the buttons. Which one could it be? I pressed button 3, because I thought I saw those passengers pressed 3, though it was no more than a quick glance. The elevator slowly climbed up to the third floor and came to a stop. There were no check-in counters! I looked around shyly, only to find an elderly man standing at the corner. He was an airport employee.
第五次在线考试
英语参考答案
1~3BAD4~7ACAB8~11BCCD12~15DBAD16~20DGEAB
21~25CABDA26~30CDADB31~35CBBAC
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3113320312.html,mercial37.Celebrated38.a39.children40.appealed
41.to gain42.success43.as44.and45.was declared
第一节
One possible version:
Dear William,
How are things going? To promote foreign high school students understanding of Chinese, our school is starting a speech contest intended for them. I m writing to tell you some details.
The contest will be held in our school hall, located in the west of our school. It will start at 8 o clock next Sunday morning and last for three hours. The theme of the speech is “The Charm of Chinese”. You have to speak in Chinese and the performance is limited to 5 minutes. What s more, the selected material ought to be positive and inspiring.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
一、评分原则
1.本题总分为15分,按5个档次给分。
2.评分时,先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次,最后给分。
3.词数少于60和多于100的,从总分中减去2分。
4.评分时,应注意的主要内容:内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。
5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6.如书写较差,以致影响交际,可将分数降低一个档次。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
档次描述
第五档(13~15)完全完成了试题规定的任务,完全达到了预期的写作目的。
——覆盖所有内容要点。
——应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
——语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言运用能力。
——有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。
第四档(10~12)完全完成了试题规定的任务,达到了预期的写作目的。
——虽漏掉一两个次重点,但覆盖所有主要内容。
——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
——语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确,些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。——应用简单的语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。
续表
第三档(7~9)基本完成了试题规定的任务,整体而言,基本达到了预期的写作目的。——虽漏掉一些内容,但覆盖所有主要内容。
——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,但不影响理解。
——应用简单的语句间的连接成分,使全文内容连贯。
第二档(4~6)未恰当完成试题规定的任务,信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
——漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容,写了一些无关内容。
——语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。
——有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响了对写作内容的理解。——较少使用语句间的连接成分,内容缺少连贯性。
第一档(1~3)未完成试题规定的任务,信息未能传达给读者。
——明显遗漏主要内容,写了一些无关内容,原因可能是未理解试题要求。——语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。
——较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响对写作内容的理解。
——缺乏语句间的连接成分,内容不连贯。
0未能传达给读者任何信息:内容太少,无法评判;写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
第二节
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Tears formed in my eyes as I saw the empty hall and realized that I would miss my plane. Just then the elderly airport employee walked towards me from the corner. He saw that I was lost and asked if he could help in any way. He gave me his handkerchief to dry my tears. He smiled kindly. He patted my shoulder to ease my anxiety before leading me down a long hallway. We walked up some stairs, turned a corner, and at last, there was the check-in counter! He led me past all the lines of people and pushed my luggage to the inspection counter.
Paragraph 2:
When I turned to thank him for all his help,he was gone. I never got an opportunity to know that kind man's name, but I would always remember his unexpected kindness. He helped me when I needed it most. Without his timely help, I would have certainly missed my plane. I can only hope that one day I will be able to do the same for another traveler who is suffering a terrible journey.
一、评分原则
1.本题总分为25分,按5个档次给分。
2.评分时,先根据所续写短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次,然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次,最后给分。
3.词数少于130的,从总分中减去2分。
4.评分时,应主要从以下四个方面考虑:
(1)与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度;
(2)内容的丰富性;
(3)应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性;
(4)上下文的连贯性。
5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面,评分时,应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
6.如书写较差以致影响交际,可将分数降低一个档次。
二、各档次的给分范围和要求
档次描述
第五档(21~25)——与所给短文融洽度高,与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理。
——内容丰富。
——所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确,可能有些许错误,但完全不会影响意义表达。——有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使所续写短文结构紧凑。
第四档(16~20)——与所给短文融洽度较高,与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理。
——内容比较丰富。
——所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确,可能有些许错误,但不影响意义表达。——比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使所续写短文结构紧凑。
第三档(11~15)——与所给短文关系较为密切,与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接。
——写出了若干有关内容。
——应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求,虽有一些错误,但不影响意义表达。——应用简单的语句间连接成分,使全文内容连贯。
第二档(6~10)——与所给短文有一定的关系,与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接。
——写出了一些有关内容。
——语法结构单调,词汇项目有限,有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误,影响了意义的表达。——较少使用语句间的连接成分,全文内容缺少连贯性。
第一档(1~5)——与所提供短文和开头语的衔接较差。
——产出内容太少。
——语法结构单调,词汇项目很有限,有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误,严重影响了意义的表达。
——缺乏语句间的连接成分,全文内容不连贯。
0白卷、内容太少无法评判或所写内容与所提供内容无关。