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be_going_to的基本用法

be_going_to的基本用法
be_going_to的基本用法

be going to 结构用法精讲

一、be going to 的用法点拨:be going to 是一种固定结构,它后面要接动词原形。含有be going to 结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语,如:tomorrow, next week等。

1、用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作,有“准备;打算”的意思。这种主观意图,一般已做过事先安排,故其实现的可能性较大,其主语常是人。

We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们打算开班会。(安排)

2、表示根据现有情况、某种迹象,判断将要或即将发生的动作。此时不含有主观意图,只是表示说话人对客观事态发展的判断或推测,此时主语可以是人,也可以是物。例如:

Look at the black clouds. It's going to rain.看那些乌云,快要下雨了。(推测)

I”m not feeling well, I”m going to be ill. 我感觉不是很好,可能要生病了。(表示说话人的感觉而已)

二、be going to 在肯定句中的形式在肯定句中,be going to模样是:主语+be(am / is / are) + going to +动词原形+其它。

be going to 结构中的助动词be很少用原形,be随主语人称和数的变化而变化,它一般有三种形式,am , is , are 。而going to 固定不变。即:当主语是I 时用am ;当主语是第三人称单数时用is;当主语是其他人称时用are。

I am going to buy something tomorrow morning.明天早上我要去买些东西。

She is going to see Mr. Wang this afternoon.她打算今天下午去看望王先生。

三、含be going to 的句子变否定句和一般疑问句的变法

由于句子中有助动词be,因此be going to 的否定句和一般疑问句的构成很容易,即在be (am, is, are) 的后面加上not 就构成了否定句;把be (am, is, are) 放到句首,在句末加问号就构成了一般疑问句,其答语为:Y es, 主语+ am/is/are. / No, 主语+ isn't/aren't. / No, I'm not.不过I am... 在改为一般疑问句时常常改为“Are you ....?”。例如:

They are going to see the car factory next week. (肯定句)

They are not going to see the car factory next week. (否定句)

—Are they going to see the car factory next week?

—Y es, they are. (No, they aren't.) (一般疑问句及其回答)

四、使用be going to 应注意的几点

1.There be 句型的be going to 结构为:There is / are going to be... (注意句型中going to 后面的be不能改为have。) 常用来表示将有某事发生。例如:

There is going to be a football match next Saturday in our school.

下周六我们学校将有一场足球比赛。

2.come, go, leave, arrive等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时表示将要发生的动作,它们很少与be going to 结构连用。例如:

Miss Sun is coming tonight.今晚孙小姐要来。

They are going to the park next Friday. 下星期五他们打算去公园。

3. “be going to +动词原形”结构与表示将来的时间状语是否连用,在意思上有所差别。如果其后有明确的时间状语,则表示该动作或状态发生的可能性较大;反之,则表示一种推测,表示未来可能发生的事情。例如:

There is going to be a film in our school this evening. 今晚我们学校将有一场电影。(一定会发生)

Hurry up! We are going to be late. 快点!我们要迟到了。(仅表示一种推测)

4.be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事,请问该怎么区分它们?

be going to 与will 有如下几点区别:

⑴be going to 表示近期、眼下就要发生的事情,will 表示的将来时间则较远一些,

如:He is going to write a letter tonight.

He will write a book one day.

⑵. be going to 表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情,will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die.

He will be twenty years old.

⑶. be going to 含有“计划,准备”的意思,而will 则没有这个意思,

如:She is going to lend us her book.

He will be here in half an hour.

⑷.在有条件从句的主句中,一般不用be going to, 而多用will,

如:If any beasts comes at you, I\'ll stay with you and help you.

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过去完成时讲解及练习题(精讲)

过去完成时 1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 2.时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc. 3.基本结构:have/has + done 4.否定形式:have/has + not +done. 5.一般疑问句:have或has提前 概念:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作,即"过去的过去(past-in-the-past )"。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成:过去完成时由"助动词had + 过去分词"构成,其中had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. She had finished writing the composition by 10 :00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来,各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有: (1 )by + 过去的时间点。 如:I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. (2 )by the end of + 过去的时间点。 如:We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. (3 )before + 过去的时间点。 如:They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由"过去的过去"来判定。 过去完成时表示"过去的过去",是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作,即动作有先后关系,动作在前的用过去完成时,在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在:(1 )宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时,且从句的动作先于主句的动作时,从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如: She said that she had seen the film before. (2 )状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中,主、从句的动作发生有先后关系,动作在前的,要用过去完成时,动作在后的要用一般过去时。如: When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 注意:before, after 引导的时间状语从句中,由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都用一般过去时。如:Where did you study before you came here? After he closed the door, he left the classroom. (3 )表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

英语一般将来时用法详解

英语一般将来时用法详解 一、单项选择一般将来时 1.Close the door of fear behind you, and you ______ the door of faith open before you. A.will see B.have seen C.are seeing D.Saw 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析:句意:关掉你身后的恐惧之门,你就能看到你前面敞开的信念之门。祈使句的句型:动词原形+ and you will表示并列,动词原形+ or you will表示转折。A. will see 一般将来时 B. have seen现在完成时 C. are seeing 现在进行时D. saw一般过去时。根据祈使句的句型特点,故选A。 考点:考查祈使句和动词时态的用法。 2.The computers made by our company sell best, but several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the markets that they ________. A.were playing B.were to play C.had played D.played 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析:考查时态:我们公司生产的电脑卖的最好,但是几年以后没有人能想象它曾经将在市场中扮演什么样重要的角色。were to do是过去将来时,表示过去想象电脑将会起到的作用。选B。 考点:考查时态 3.It every day so far this month. I can't tell you if it tomorrow. A.rained; rains B.is raining; shall rain C.has been raining; rains D.has rained; will rain 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析:本题第一空应该使用现在完成式,关键词是后面的时间状语so far(到目前为止),so far通常都是和现在完成时连用。第二空是一个if引导的宾语从句,并非if引导的条件句,在这个宾语从句中,时间状语是tomorrow,这是一个将来时的时间状语,故该宾语从句使用将来时。句义:这个月到现在为止天天都在下雨,所以我无法告诉你明天是否还要要下雨。故D正确。 考点:考察时态 4.--Jack! I have left my key to the office at home. -- Don’t worry. I _________ it for you. Wait a minute. A.get B.am going to get C.will get D.am getting 【答案】C

一 out of的基本用法

一、out of的基本用法 Ⅰ.表示“在……外”之意: 1. The chemical plant is out of town. 该化工厂在城外。 2. Our factory is 4 miles out of the city. 我厂离城4英里。(指在城外,离城4英里。) Ⅱ.表示“从……里”、“从……当中”之意: 1. We should remove the machine out of the room.我们应该把这台记起从室内搬出去。 2. Pump as much air as possible out of the container. 尽可能地把容器内的空气都抽走。 3. You many choose one out of them. 你可以从中选择一个。 4. This is only one instance out of many.这只不过是许多例子中的一例而已。 Ⅲ.表示“接触”、“脱离”、“没有”、“缺乏”之意:

1. They have got out of many difficulties.他们已摆脱了许多困难。 2. The instrument went out of order.这个仪表发生故障。 3. That machine is out of repair.那台机器失修了(或损坏了)。 4. Those devices are out of date.那些装置过时了。 5. They were often out of spare parts before liberation.解放前他们常缺少备件。 6. It is out of comparison.这是无可比拟的。 7. A new method was introduced are old one naturally.采用了新方法,旧方法自然就淘汰了。 8. Their workshop has run out of oxygen.他们的车间已用完氧气。 Ⅳ.表示来源、原因和动机之意: 1. He copied something new out of this book.他从这本书里摘抄了些新的内容。

一般将来时用法小结

一般将来时用法小结: 一般将来时表示在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态。 一 . 一般将来时的构成: 1. 由助动词“ shall/ will +动词原形”构成, shall 用于第一人称, will 用于第二、第三人称, 2. 一般将来时的否定和疑问形式: 一般将来时的否定形式是 will not ,缩写为 won't; shall not ,缩写为 shan't 。 一般将来时的疑问形式是把 will/ shall 提到主语前。 如: He won’t go to the park this Sunday. 本周日他不去公园。 Will you go swimming with me? 和我一起去游泳好吗? 二 . 一般将来时的基本用法: 1.表示“纯粹的将来”:①表示将要发生的动作或情况,常带有表示将来的时间状语,如 tomorrow, next week, in two days, from now on 等。如: It will be fine tomorrow.明天天气晴朗。②表示预料将要发生的动作或情况。如:You will feel better after having this medicine. 吃了这药,你就会感觉好些的。③表示由于习惯倾向而会经常发生的动作,本用法中的 will 要重读。如: Boys will be boys. [谚语]男孩毕竟是男孩。 2. 表示“带有情态意义的将来”,用来表示意图,用 will 来表示。 如: I will be more careful next time. 下次我要更加小心。 I won't go shopping this afternoon, but she will. 今天下午我不想去购物,但她想去。 will 在疑问句中,用来表示有礼貌地征询对方的意见。如:Will you have some more tea? 要不要再喝点茶?What shall we do this weekend? 本周末我们要干什么? 三 . 一般将来时的其它几种表示法: 1. 用 be going to 表示be going to 相当于一个助动词,与其后的动词原形一起构成句子的谓语,表

英语中过去完成时和过去完成进行时区别用法

过去完成时和过去完成进行时 过去完成进行时(Past Perfect Progressive Tense) 过去完成式是不能单独用的。我们用的时候,必须有另一个事件。也就是说,假如我们有两件事A 和B,两件事都发生在过去,但A 发生在B 以前,A 应该用过去完成式,B 则用过去式。以下是几个例子: (1)他到台湾以前,曾学过中文。 He had studied Chinese before he came to Taiwan. (2)他念大学以前,曾前工作过。 He had worked before he decided to go to college. (3)我写这篇有关爱尔兰的小说以前,曾去过爱尔兰。 I had been to Ireland before I wrote this book about Ireland's people. (4)我在上大学以前,已经学过微积分。 I had studied calculus before I got into college. (5)周一以前,已经下过雪了。 It had already snowed before Monday. (6)警察到来之前,小偷已经跑了。 When the police arrived, the thieves had already run away. (7)到那时,他的家人已经有半年没有他的消息了。 Until then, his family hadn’t heard from him for 6 months. 如果我们要强调较早发生事件的连续性,我们可以用过去完成进行式。占去完成进行式和现在进行式惟一不同的地方是verb to have 的地方一定要用had 。以下是一些过去完成进行式的例子: 1. I had been watching TV before you called me. 2. I had been working hard in a company for many years before I went to college. 3. He had been studying before he went to class. 4. He had been driving all day before he went to sleep. 过去完成时 1)概念:表示过去的过去 ----|-------|-----|---->其构成是had +过去分词构成。 那时以前那时现在 2)用法 a. 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. b. 状语从句 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. c. 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等,用过去完成时表示"原本…,未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3) 过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.

一般将来时的用法

一般将来时的用法 一、用法 一般将来时表示将来发生的事。常与tomorrow, next year等时间状语连用。 二、构成 通常有以下七种方式表示将来,注意它们各自的区别。 ■由 will 加动词原形构成,当主语是第一人称时,也可以用 shall 加动词原形。如: Telephone me this evening. I’ll be at home. 今晚给我打电话,我会在家。 I’ll (shall/will) do a better job next time. 下次我要干得好些。 注意: 1. will还可用来表示同意或“不能”。如: Come and see me tomorrow. Yes,I will. 明天来找我。——好的。 一Don’t be late. 一No,I won’t. 别来晚了。——不会晚的。 The car won’t start. 车开不了啦。 Oil and water will not mix. 油和水没法混在一起。 2. 表示临时的决定,只能用 will 加动词原形。如: -You’ve left the light on. 你忘记关灯了。 -Oh, so I have. I’ll go and turn it off. 啊!那我去关。 3. 在“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型中,陈述句中只能用will或情态动词加动词原形。如: Work hard, and you will pass the exam. 努力学习,你就会通过考试。 4. 在条件句中表示将来不用will,而用一般现在时、be going to(打算) 或be to(为人所控制的动作) 等。若你见到在条件句中用了will,那 will 就是表示“愿意”的情态动词。如: Let her do that if she will. 如果她愿意,就让她那样做。

from与out of当“从”讲的区别

介词的用法之方位介词from与out of 的 区别 介词在所有词汇当中算是比较重要的,原因不光包括它本身的重要性,更为重要的是介词不仅可以和动词搭配,和名词搭配,甚至还能和形容词搭配。所以对于介词的用法,我们一丁点都不能放过。今天,我们要看的是介词的用法之方位介词from与out of 的区别。 介词的用法之方位介词from与out of : 1、from与out of 均表示来源或出处。但是from 注重起点,译为“从……”。 例句:The shouting of the soldiers'drilling could be heard from the playground, 人们可以听到从操场上传来的士兵们操练时的喊声。 The train from London arrives here at nine o'clock. 从伦敦开来的列车9点到这里。 2、out of 侧重于从里向外,译为“从……里出来”。 例句:We are moving out of our flat.

我们要搬出我们的这所公寓楼。 She took the passport out of her handbag and showed it to the policeman. 她从手提包里拿出了护照让那名警察看了看。 arise from/out of result from由…而引起;由…而产生 The trouble arose out of the policy of racial segregation.这场乱子是由种族隔离政策所引起的。 The country's present difficulties arise from the shortage of petroleum. 这个国家当前的困境是由石油短缺而造成的。 We argued her out of acting in haste.我们劝她不要匆忙行事。

一般将来时时态用法讲解

一般将来时时态用法讲解Last revision on 21 December 2020

一般将来时时态 1. 一般将来时的定义 一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用时间副词tomorrow, soon或短语next year / week / month, in a few days, in the future, sometime 做状语。如: What will you do this afternoon 你今天下午干什么 We will have a meeting tomorrow. 我们明天要开会。 He is going to study abroad(到国外) next year. 明年他要出国学习。 2. 一般将来时的结构及应用 (1) shall / will + 动词原形。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。特别是表示客观性的事情或在某条件下要发生的事情,只能用此结构。如: What shall we do if he doesn’t come 如果他不来,我们该怎么办 Will you be free this evening 今天晚上有空吗 I think he will tell us the truth(真相)。我想他会告诉我们真实情况的。 (2) be going to + 动词原形。表示已经计划或安排好了的事情,也可表示有迹象表明肯定要发生的事情。如: We are going to have a meeting to discuss (讨论)the matter this evening. 今天晚上开会讨论这件事情。 Look at the black clouds over there. I think it is going to rain soon. 看一看那边的乌云,我想天要下雨了。 There is going to be an English evening this week. 本周要举行一个英语晚会。 (3) be +现在分词。表示即将发生的动作或存在的状态。这个句型中动词主要是瞬间动词:come, go, leave, arrive, begin, start, stop, close, open, die, join, borrow, buy等。如: Go ahead, and I’m coming. 走前面一点吧,我就来。 The dog is dying. 那条狗要死了。 Hurry up. The shop is closing. 快点,商店就要关门了。 (4) 一般现在时。表示一种严格按照计划进行的动作。比方说,上课、飞机起飞、火车离站等。如:

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