上海市浦东新区2019届高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题

浦东新区2018 -2019学年度第一学期期末质量检测

高三英语试卷

考生注意：

1. 考试时间120 分钟，试卷满分140 分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名。

I. Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. Blue. B. Green. C. Yellow. D. Purple.

2. A. 7:15. B. 7:45. C. 8:00. D. 8:15.

3. A. In a restaurant. B. At the man’s house.

C. In a supermarket.

D. In the hospital.

4. A. The CEO won’t be free at that time.

B. The lecture hall isn’t big enough.

C. The equipment in the lecture hall is out of order.

D. The lecture hall is not reserved early enough.

5. A. An athlete. B. A fitness instructor.

C. A mechanic.

D. A medical doctor.

6. A. Take a deep breath. B. Take some aspirin.

C. See a doctor.

D. Drive to the hospital.

7. A. The man shouldn’t order food in such awful weather.

B. The delay of the delivery is caused by the awful weather.

C. There is a problem with the policy of food delivery.

D. The man should have his delivery fee returned.

8. A. Having an outing. B. Ordering various drinks.

C. Preparing for a party.

D. Choosing suitable drinks.

9. A. Thoughtful. B. Terrified. C. Apologetic. D. Annoyed.

10. A. He followed his grandmother’s steps of cooking.

B. He has a great talent for cooking.

C. He is a green hand in cooking.

D. He improved the dish of his grandmother.

Section B

Directions:In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be

asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following lecture.

11. A. Literature. B. Business. C. Cooking. D. History.

12. A. Christopher Columbus. B. People in Mexico.

C. Hernando Cortez.

D. Daniel Peter.

13. A. The development of chocolate. B. The introduction of Cortez.

C. The contributions of Columbus.

D. The usage of cocoa beans.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. Les Misréables. B. Red.

C. My Week with Marilyn.

D. The Theory of Everything.

15. A. He rose to fame overnight.

B. He has been a household name.

C. He was recommended by Prince Harry.

D. He first appeared in a stage play in 2004.

16. A. His small brown spots on the face.

B. His graduation from famous schools.

C. His remarkable gift for performing on stage.

D. His involvement in various styles of performance.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. A chef tends to work at entry level jobs.

B. A chef works in a non-professional setting.

C. A chef has the ability to create the recipe.

D. A chef is as professional as a cook.

18. A. He received the training in the culinary (烹饪) school.

B. He stuck to the traditional recipe without any change.

C. He had a natural skill in cooking the cuisine.

D. His latest book was on the list of NYT bestseller list.

19. A. Make some easy dishes like chopping vegetables.

B. Cook with the accurate measurement and no spice.

C. Make an efficient and delicate cooking.

D. Cook with creativity and passion.

20. A. Working as a chef. B. Dos and don’ts about a chef.

C. Tips for cooking.

D. Recommendation of a bestseller.

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

Is Climate Change Consuming Your Favorite Foods?

Due to climate change, the world’s endangered lists are no longer just for animals. We may not only need to adapt ourselves to living in a warmer world but a (21) _________ (tasty) one as well.

As the increased amount of carbon dioxide in the air linked to global warming (22) _________ (continue) to affect weather, we often forget that they are also impacting the quantity, the quality, and the growing locations of our food. Some foods have already felt the impact while (23) _________ may even become scarce within the next 30 years.

Whether or not you try to limit yourself (24) _________ one cup of coffee a day, the effects of climate change on the world's coffee-growing regions may leave you little choice.

Rising temperatures and unpredictable rainfall patterns are reported to have been threatening coffee plantations in South America, Africa, Asia, and Hawaii. The result? Significant cuts in coffee yield.

According to organizations like Australia's Climate Institute, half of the present coffee-producing areas (25) _________ (estimate) not to be suitable by the year 2050, if current climate patterns continue.

With temperatures continuously rising, oceans are absorbing some of the heat and undergoing warming of their own, (26) _________ (cause) a decline in fish population, including in lobsters that are cold-blooded creatures, and in salmons (鲑鱼) (27) _________ eggs find it hard to survive in higher water temperatures. Warmer waters also encourage some poisonous marine bacteria to grow and lead to illness in humans whenever (28) _________ (take) with raw seafood, like oysters.

And how about th at satisfying “crack” which you get when you are eating crabs and lobsters? It could be silenced (29) _________ shellfish have been struggling to build their calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) shells, which is a result of ocean acidification.

Even worse is the possibility (30) _________ we will have no seafood to enjoy at all. In a 2006 Dalhousie University study, scientists predicted that if over-fishing and rising temperature trends continued at their present rate, the world's seafood stocks would run out by the year 2050.

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blanks with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Workforce of the Future

The workplace is changing rapidly. Rather than the standard working day of nine to five, employees are working more flexibly to meet their busy home lives. Advances in technology are ___31___ the very nature of the tasks and skills required in the workplace.

To gain a full perspective of how the workplace is set to change over the next decade, employee benefits provider Unum UK ___32___ with The Future Laboratory to survey 3,000 workers across several industries. They also interviewed industry experts and business leaders on topics from artificial intelligence and robotics to the increase of flexible working and an ageing workforce.

The result outlines some of the employment changes that businesses can expect to see over the

next decade and predicts the ___33___ of two worker cultures which will dominate the workforce. They are the obligated and the self-fulfilled workers.

“Obligated workers” refer to people with dependents and the sandwich generation, ___34___ raising children with caring for elderly parents. Therefore, they value a career ___35___ to life stages and events and financial security. Joel Defries, 33, father of one kid and partner at London V odka said, “A fl exible employer will allow me to have a long paternity leave (陪产假) and to value my family just as much as I value my job.”

Self-fulfilled workers are committed to life-long learning and acquiring new skills rather than ___36___ to an employer. They actively look for personal development and want employee benefits that help them ___37___ both their personal and professional ambitions. They treat personal commitments and pursuits as ___38___ to professional commitments. Elly Kemp, 31, ___39___ a full-time employee, now working part-time in a caféand also assisting with her grandmother’s care said, “My approach to work allows me the freedom to ___40___ my career at my own pace. I want my work to be fluid so I can change it when I want and do whatever makes me happy at the time.”

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Early decision —you apply to one school, and admission is binding (有法律约束力的) —seems like a great choice for nervous applicants. Schools ___41___ a higher percentage of early-decision applicants, which arguably means that you have a better chance of being enrolled. And if you do, you’re done with the whole painful process by December. But most students and parents don’t realize that schools have hidden ___42___ for offering early decision.

Early decision, since it’s binding, allows schools to fill their classes with qualified students; it allows ___43___ committees to select the students that are in particular demand for their college and know those students will come. It also gives schools a higher yield rate (优秀学生率), which is often used as one of the ways to ___44___ college selectivity and popularity.

The problem is that this process effectively ___45___ the window of time students have to make one of the most important decisions of their lives up to that point. Under ___46___ admissions, seniors have to choose which school to attend until May 1; early decision effectively steals six months from them, months that could be used to visit more schools, do more research, speak to current students and alumni (校友) and make a more ___47___ decision.

For any given student in America, whatever their levels are, there are a number of schools that are a great ___48___. When students become too fixed on a particular school early in the admissions proc ess, that fixation can lead to ___49___ severe disappointment if they don’t get in or, if they do, it is likely that they are now bound to go to a school that, given time for further ___50___, may not actually be right for them.

Early decision offers a genuine admissions edge. That advantage goes largely to students who already have ___51___ advantages. The students who use early decision tend to be those who have received higher-quality college guidance, usually a result of coming from a more advantaged background. ___52___, there’s an argument against early decision, as students from lower-income families are far less likely to have the admissions know-how (招生诀窍) to ___53___ figure out the

often confusing early deadlines.

Students who have done their res earch and are confident that there’s one school they would be thrilled to get into should, under the current system, probably ___54___ under early decision. For students who haven’t yet done enough research, or who are still constantly changing their minds on favorite schools, the early-decision system needlessly and prematurely ___55___ the field of possibility just at a time when students should be opening themselves to a whole range of thrilling options.

41. A. let in B. turn down C. make up D. give away

42. A. dangers B. costs C. assumptions D. purposes

43. A. admissions B. joint C. inquiry D. investigative

44. A. detail B. measure C. achieve D. represent

45. A. neglects B. provides C. shortens D. marks

46. A. future B. regular C. random D. compulsory

47. A. informed B. honoured C. imposed D. complicated

48. A. fit B. aid C. hit D. net

49. A. therefore B. otherwise C. however D. furthermore

50. A. comment B. enhancement C. implication D. reflection

51. A. mutual B. favourite C. numerous D. temporary

52. A. In other words B. In this regard C. In particular D. In brief

53. A. hesitantly B. relatively C. deliberately D. efficiently

54. A. consult B. volunteer C. adjust D. apply

55. A. occupies B. encloses C. narrows D. explores

Section B

Directions:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

One recent night, while I was leafing through its pages of an old journal, my eyes met a quote by the British writer Graham Greene that I had marked. “A prejudice had something in common wit h an ideal.” In other words, ideals—general descriptions of people’s expectations of themselves and others —can often lead us to unreasonable ideas. It got me thinking about how we often allow ourselves to generalize about groups of people. We like to stereotype people by the color of their skin, the year of their birth or any other related factors.

I grew up in a multi-racial corner of America. The different groups were often subject to narrow stereotypes: Jewish people were “greedy,” Mexicans were “poorly educated,” and Asians were “good at math.” These labels were taught to us from a young age. The y wormed their way into our belief systems, harming how we came to see others. It made me sad growing up to see people repeat these stereotypes as if they were true. The rush-to-judgment of people breeds a culture of discrimination (歧视).

You can also see these over-generalized description being made against today’s Chinese people. Whether it be a lack of interest or worry among millennials (千禧一代) being described as “monkish,”or “dad-fashion (复古作风)”which has given the “greasy middle-aged me n” tag,

stereotypes always seem to gain a foothold in the consciousness of our society. But these generalizations do real harm as these myths may become part of the wider population.

It’s about time that we, as a society, walked away from generalizations and stereotypes. I leave you with the words of Martin Luther King Jr. from his famous “I Have a Dream” speech: “I look to a day when people will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.” By reserving judgment and really getting to know the individual, you might just find your irrational ideas have no foundation.

56. According to the passage, how do people tend to judge others?

A. By describing people’s personalities.

B. By truly getting to know those around.

C. By observing their noticeable features.

D. By following Martin Luther King’s speech.

57. According to the author, a culture of discrimination appears because ________.

A. people live in places of various races

B. people are born with unreasonable ideas

C. prejudices slightly influence people’s belief system

D. people usually make judgments without thinking twice

58. Examples of “millennials” and “dad-fashion” are mention ed in Paragraph 3 to reveal ________.

A. generalizations have unfavourable position in society

B. generalizations have a negative influence on our society

C. generalizations are found peculiar to the middle-aged Chinese

D. generalizations make today’s Chinese people lack interest or worry

59. The passage is mainly concerned with ________.

A. the common prejudice

B. people’s expectation of themselves

C. the groundless worries

D. the famous speech of Martin Luther King

(B)

When you cross deep water driving too fast, you risk splashing water up into the air box and having it get sucked into the internal engine, which is more common than you think. There are a few steps you should take to clear the water out before you try to start it:

1.First, drain the fuel tank, fuel lines and the oil. While it's draining, put a fan on the wiring and

dry it out. Remove and clean the carburetor (化油器).

2.Take the plugs out of the engine and turn it over to force any water out. Water will come out

with the oil. Add oil to the engine and turn it over again, without the plug in. Let it sit for a while, then observe the oil to tell if there's any water in it (it will look like a white milky substance if there is water mixed with the oil). If it's there, drain it again and start over until there is little or no white showing in the oil.

3.Now re-install the spark plug, add gas, then try to start the engine. You should have a can of

ether (乙醚) handy just in case it's stubborn, but don't use too much. If it starts, let it run for a few minutes without making it work faster.

4.After it runs for several minutes, shut it off, drain the oil and change the filter(过滤网). Run it

again for a few minutes then shut it off and checks again for milky colored oil. If you have none, you should be good to go.

5.If you cannot start the engine, you may have already ruined it and you will probably need to

seek a professional to repair it, or, more likely, you'll have to replace it.

60. According to the passage, a driver turns the engine over after oil is added to it so that he can _______.

A. drain the oil and change the filter without any difficulty

B. re-install the spark plug and get ready to start the car again

C. make a milky substance which is the mixture of water and oil

D. see whether there is any water in the engine by checking the oil

61. The underlined word “stubborn” in paragraph 4 may probably means ________.

A. reluctant to change

B. hard to switch on

C. insufficient to burn

D. unable to take in

62. This passage may be most helpful to ________.

A. a policeman who knows much about car accidents

B. a secretary who has just driven across a small pond

C. a driver who is incapable of fixing the car by himself

D. a teacher who is to carry out her routine car maintenance

(C)

One of the features of a successful business is its ability to employ creativity to constantly push into new territory. Without growth and innovation, businesses eventually fade away. Those with staying power, however, have mastered an often-overlooked factor that allows them to focus on the future clearly: empathy (共情). While that may surprise many, I am certain that the ability to connect with and relate to others —empathy in its purest form —is the force that moves businesses forward.

Though the concept of empathy might go against the modern concept of a traditional workplace — competitive, the reality is that for business leaders to experience success, they need to not just see or hear the activity around them, but also relate to the people they serve.

Some may think they want the results from doggedly (顽强地) pursuing their goals without much thought for other people. This attitude works for some, but at some point —often sooner rather than later —everyone needs to rely on their relationships and established personal and professional connections. These relationships are the product of taking an honest and dedicated interest in others and their businesses. Successful people do not operate alone; each of us needs the support of others to achieve positive results that push us toward our goals. True empathy combines understanding both the emotional and the logical rationale(根据) that goes into every decision.

Effectively understanding empathy involves viewing it as each person’s connection to the people and marketplace that surround them. A biological principle known as co-evolution explains that the adaptation of an organism is caused by the change of a related object. Similarly, businesses and their leaders participate in co-evolution-type relationships. Business success depends on empathetic leaders who are able to adapt, build on the strengths around them, and relate to their environment. When businesses fail, it is often because leaders have stopped focusing on understanding their environment and instead stay separated in their own operations. Successful business leaders are receptive to disturbance and aware of what is going on in their organizations both internally and externally.

To develop an effective workforce, we must be willing to give in and meet people where they are. This can be frustrating and uncomfortable, particularly when you feel like your position makes more sense or offers a better solution. A critical part of developing empathy, however, is learning to understand, respect and implement anothe r individual’s point of view rather than forcing your own.

63. In the author’s opinion, if a company wants to achieve success, it must ________.

A. frequently develop in new areas

B. always stay pure and powerful

C. concentrate on its future development

D. value much thought for others

64. It can be inferred from the passage that _________.

A. empathy generally depends on logical reasons

B. supports from others help to achieve ambitions

C. competition rarely exists in traditional workplaces

D. stri ving for goals on one’s own is the key to success

65. Which of the following examples can best illustrate the co-evolution principle?

A. The boss is too occupied to realize that his employees’ income is below the average.

B. The head of the news agency offers little bonus to the journalists who work extra hours.

C. The principal promises flexible working hours after the school moves to the countryside.

D. The factory director insists on increasing the output despite the declining market demand.

66. What can be the best title of this passage?

A. Empathy and Business Success

B. The Formation of Empathy

C. Empathy and Aggressiveness

D. The Importance of Empathy

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

We need to do more to help the teachers who are exhausted and stressed Teaching should not be one of the most stressful jobs in the US. But it is. “The only other profession that comes close to us for stress is nursing —and we still have the numbers… by a lot. ______67______”

“Nobody realizes how horrific working conditions are for teachers throughout the country,”Brice-Hyde says, an experienced teacher in New York who is part of the national group Badass Teachers Association (BA T).

______68______ So they did a national study of teacher working conditions around issues like stress, work-life balance, respect, and more. The results are both surprising —and not. If you’ve

been seeing the stories about teacher walkout s and pay inequality, you probably aren’t all that shocked to see these things like: 61 percent of educators find work “always” or “often” stressful; 27 percent of educators said they’ve been threatened or bullied; 86 percent of educators feel disrespected by US Secretary of Education Betsy DeV os.

Teachers are stressed out, and turnover is high. No wonder we’re seeing more stories about the importance of self-care, classroom burnout, and mental health days for teachers. Yet, self-care doesn’t seem to come easily for people, and this is definitely true for teachers. ______69______ We think it’s time to change that, though. So in honor of World Mental Health Day, we are working to change the dialogue about teacher mental health. Below are some of the top challenges people give for not seeking therapy, or even basic self-care, along with possible solutions and workarounds for each one.

We hope you share this article widely, giving support and love to your fellow educators. ______70______ And it’s pretty much guaranteed to help you do what you set out to in the first place — be a good teacher.

IV. Summary Writing

Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Online Pharmacy (药店): A Foreseeable Trend

Online pharmacies may replace corner drugstores in the future, which would be of benefit to all of us. Sadly, current Federal Drug Administration (FDA) restrictions prevent many Americans from gaining access to the medicines they require online. Fortunately, online pharmacies offer these drugs and provide patients with more treatment options at lower prices. Those calling for the restrictions are wrong. Online pharmacies are crucial to numerous people.

While some drugs sold online aren’t FDA-approved, customers shouldn’t be prevented from buying them. Many of the herbal remedy (草药) online pharmacies offer have been used for hundreds of years, especially in Asian countries, and they have strong safety records. Other medicines may come from foreign countries, but they aren’t harming the people who use them in their own countries. Take depression pills as an example. It has been used safely for many years in France and other European countries, yet it’s just now being tested in the U.S.

Nowadays, just getting in to see a doctor seems to take forever, not to mention the time and money to get tests done and await the results. Thanks to the Internet, customers now know more about available medicines than ever before and are therefore able to take them without having to consult a doctor. The Internet, after all, is filled with information about all kinds of drugs. Much of it has even been written by doctors and pharmaceutical companies themselves.

Another issue to consider is money. Health care costs in America are rising every year, and pharmaceutical companies are making billions. Online pharmacies typically sell their drugs at lower prices than hospital pharmacies and corner drugstores. Consumers shouldn’t be blamed for seeking cheaper alternatives and refusing to line the pockets of already wealthy companies and stores.

V. Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 这场因无视规则引发的事故值得我们深思。(ignore)

73. 梦想还是要有的，但不努力就不可能实现。(unless)

74. 正是这次经历才让我明白，我不该太过忙碌而错过生活的恩赐。(It)

75. 当前有一个非常令人费解的现象：一些年轻父母们宁愿把很多钱投资在早教上，也不愿意带娃旅行开阔眼界。（would rather）

VI. Guided Writing

Directions:Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

网络时代，人们常常不辨别真假就在社交媒体上疯狂点赞(give the thumbs-up) 或转发(forward)，这种行为有实际意义吗？请就此现象谈谈你的看法，并结合生活中的实例加以说明。

浦东新区2018学年度第一学期期末质量测试

高三英语

录音文字

Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. W: How lovely the gloves are. I like the green color. They can perfectly match my yellow and

blue clothes.

M: Really? The purple ones are just as good. You can have both of them if you like.

Q: Which color does the woman prefer?

2. W: Excuse me, could you tell me when the opening ceremony of the Import Expo will start?

M: It’s a quarter past seven. We have to wait for another three quarters.

Q: What time will the opening ceremony start?

3. M: The chicken is awful. Not only is it too fatty, but I think it might be undercooked as well.

W: You should send it back. You definitely don’t want to fall ill.

Q: Where might the speakers be?

4. W: Would it be possible to schedule the lecture for tomorrow morning? I need to reserve a big

lecture hall in advance today.

M: That won’t work. The CEO can’t set aside the time for tomorrow.

Q: Why can’t the lecture be held tomorrow?

5. M: Keep running on this machine until I tell you to stop. It helps build up your leg muscle and

make you look slimmer. Ready? Go.

W: OK, I will try as much as I can.

Q: What is probably the man?

6. M: My chest hurts, and I’m having a hard time breathing. Maybe I should take some aspirin.

W: Come on honey. I’m driving you to the hospital. You need to get checked out right away.

Q: What will the man probably do next?

7. M: The food deliveryman hasn’t arrived and according to the policy, I can ask him to return my

delivery fee.

W: Are you sure? It’s pouring down outside and I don’t think it is his fault.

Q: What does the woman imply?

8. M: Let’s see what drinks you’ve chosen for the party tonight.

W: Everything! Beer, wine, soft drinks like Coke, juice... you name it, I’ve got it!

Q: What are the speakers talking about?

9.W: Sorry, sir. I wasn’t looking where I was going. Here, let me help you pick those papers up.

M: Oh, they are in a total mess! Why don’t you kids put your phones away for just one second of the day, huh?

Q: What is the man’s attitude?

10. M: My grandmother used to serve the most delicious New Orleans Barbecue Rice. Unfortunately,

I never learned her way to make it. Try this. What do you think of my cook?

W: Oh, it’s so tasty that I can’t stop.

Q: What can we learn about the man?

Section B

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the question will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

Question 11 through 13 are based on the following lecture.

Good morning, class. Before we begin today, I would like to address an issue that one of you reminded me of after the last lecture. As you may recall, last time I mentioned that Christopher