英美概况练习题
《英美概况》
I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices:
1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.
A. Scafell
B. Ben Nevis
C. the Cotswolds
D. the Forth
2. The longest river in Britain is _____.
A. the Clyde
B. the Mersey
C. the Severn
D. the Thames
3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.
A. the Lough Neage
B. Windermere Water
C. Coniston Water
D. the Lake District
4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?
A. England
B. Scotland
C. Wales
D. Northem Ireland
5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.
A. Europe
B. the United States
C. Africa
D. the West Indies, Indies and Pakistan 6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.
A. the Normans
B. the Celts
C. the Iberians
D. the Anglo-Saxons
7. British Recorded history began with _____.
A. Roman invasion
B. the Norman Conquest
C. the Viking and Danish invasion
D. the Anglo-Saxons invasion
8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.
A. John
B. James I
C. Egbert
D. Henry I
9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.
A. 1056
B. 1066
C. 1006
D. 1060
10. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.
A. Windsor
B. Tudor
C. Malcolm
D. Plantagenet
11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.
A. Henry III
B. the Pope
C. Barons
D. Simon de Montfort
12. The Hundred Years’ war stated in ____ and wa ended in ____, in which the English had lost all the territories of France e xcept the French port of ____.
A. 1337, 1453, Flanders
B. 1337, 1453, Calais
C. 1346, 1453, Argencourt
D. 1346, 1453, Brest
13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.
A. 30, Richard III, Henry Tudor
B. 50, Richard III, Henry Tudor
C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor
D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor
14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.
A. England, 14
B. England, 15
C. Italy, 14
D. Italy, 15
15. The English Civil War is also called _____.
A. the Glorious Revolution
B. the Bloody Revolution
C. the Catholic Revolution
D. the Puritan Revolution
16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the
A. 1620, London
B. 1620, Plymouth
C. 1720, London
D. 1720, Plymouth
17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.
A. the Industrial Revolution
B. the Bourgeois Revolution
C. the Wars of the Roses
D. the Religious Reformation
18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.
A. Canada
B. Australia
C. India
D. Newfoundland
19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:
A. Edward VIII
B. Edward VII
C. George VI
D. George VII
20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.
A. 1957
B. 1967
C. 1973
D. 1979
21. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffered a deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.
A. 1900
B. the First World War
C. the Second World War
D. 1960
22. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.
A. inflation, growth
B. growth, inflation
C. growth, divorce
D. growth, birth
23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.
A. the exhaustion of old mines
B. costly extraction
C. little money being invested
D. the labour shortage
24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.
A. developing countries
B. other Commonwealth countries
C. other developed countries
D. EC
25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.
A. the Lord Chancellor
B. the Queen
C. the Archbishop of Canterbury
D. the Prime Minister
26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.
A. five, 600
B. five, 650
C. five, 651
D. four, 651
27. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.
A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of Commons
B. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of Lords
C. the Queen, the House of Commons
D. the Queen, the House of Lords
28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.
A. the Queen
B. the Cabinet
C. the House of Lords
D. the House of Commons
29. The sources of British law include _____.
A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community law
B. statutes, common law and equity law
C. statutes, common law and European Community law
D. a complete code and statutes
30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.
A. the judge, the jury
B. the judge, the judge
C. the jury, the jury
D. the Lord Chancellor, the jury
31. ____ tries the most serious offences such as murder and robbery.
A. Magistrates’ courts
B. Youth courts
C. district courts
D. The Crown Court
32. London’s Metropolitan Police Force is under the control of _____.
A. the England secretaries
B. the Scottish Secretaries
C. Northern Ireland Secretaries
D. the Home Secretary
33. The National Health Service was established in the UK in _____ and based at first on _____.
A. 1948, Acts of Parliament
B. 1958, Acts of Parliament
C. 1948, the Bill of Rights
D. 1958, the Bill of Rights
34. The non-contributory social security benefits include the following except _____.
A. war pension
B. child benefit
C. family credit
D. unemployment benefit
35. Except that _____ may not be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churchs or of none.
A. the lord Chancellor
B. the Prime Minister
C. the Speaker
D. the ministers of all departments
36. About 90 per cent of the state secondary school population in the UK attend _____.
A. independent schools
B. junior schools
C. independent schools
D. primary schools
37. There are some ____ universities, including the Open University.
A. 900
B. 290
C. 90
D. 50
38. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16 can _____ by law.
A. receive completely free education
B. receive parly free education
C. receive no free education if their families are rich
D. receive no free education at all
39. With regard to its size, the USA is the _____ country in the world.
A. largest
B. second largest
C. third largest
D. fourth largest
40. In the following rivers, _____ has been called the American Ruhr.
A. the Mississippi
B. the Missouri
C. the Hudson
D. the Ohio
41. Among the following rivers, _____ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S.
A. the Potomac
B. the Columbia
C. the
D. the Colorado
42. All the following universities and colleges are located in New England, except _____.
A. Yale
B. Harvard
C. Oxford
D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology
43. The nation’s capital city Washington D.C. and New York are located in _____.
A. the American West
B. the Great Plains
C. the Midwest
D. the Middle Atlantic States
44. The Midwest in America’s most important _____ area.
A. agricultural
B. industrial
C. manufacturing
D. mining in dustry
45. In the case of Brown versus Board of Education, the Supreme Court ruled that _____.
A. separate educational facilities had been illegal
B. educational facilities had been separate but equal
C. educational facilities had been equal
D. separate educational facilities were inherently unequal
46. The Chinese Exclusion Act was passed in _____.
A. 1882
B. 1883
C. 1900
D. 1924
47. The first immigrants in American history came from ____ and ____.
A. Ireland/France
B. England/China
C. Scotland/England
D. England/Netherland
48. Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Roots are two novels which give a vivid description of the miserable life of the _____.
A. early settlers
B. Puritans
C. native Indians
D. black slaves
49. According to American historians and specialists in demography, there are _____ great population movement in the history of the United States.
A. two
B. three
C. four
D. five
50. Many early Chinese immigrants worked in the mining industry, especially in the _____.
A. gold mines
B. silver mines
C. coal mines
D. copper mines
51. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by _____.
A. James Madison
B. Thomes Jefferson
C. Alexander Hamilton
D. George Washington
52. On July 4, 1776, _____ adopted the Declaration of Independerce.
A. the First Continental Congress
B. the Second Continental Congress
C. the Third Continental Congress
D. the Constitutional Convention
53. The victory of _____ was the turning point of the War of Independence.
A. Saratoga
B. Gettysburg
C. Trenton
D. Yorktown
54. Ten amendments introduced by James Madison in 1789 were added to the Constitution. They are knows as _____.
A. the Articles of Confederation
B. the Bill of Right
C. the Civil Rights
D. Federalist Papers
55. President Jefferson bought _____ from France and doubled the country’s territory.
A. New Mexico
B. the
C. Kansas
D. Ohio
56. The Declaration of Independence came from the theory of British philosopher _____.
A. Paul Revere
B. John Locke
C. Cornwallis
D. Frederick Douglass
57. During the WWII, the Axis powers were mainly made up by __.
A. Germany, France and Japan
B. France, Japan and Britain
C. Germany, Italy and Britain
D. German, Italy and Japan
58. The Progressive Movement is a movement demanding government regulation of the _____ and _____ conditions.
A. economy/political
B. social/political
C. economy/social
D. political/cultural
59. As a result of WWI, _____ was not one of the defeated nations.
A. Germany
B. Austro-Hungary
C. Ottoman
D. Russia
60. The aim of President Roosevelt’s New Deal was to “save American _____.”
A. economy
B. politics
C. society
D. democracy
答案
I. Multiple Choices: Choose one right answer from the four choices.
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. C
9. B 10. D
11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D
16. B 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. C
21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. A
31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. D 41.C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. A 47. D 48. D 49. C 50. A 51. B 52. B 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. D 60. D 61.
C 62. B 63.
D 64. C 65. D 66. D 67. B 68. C 69. C 70. D 71. B 72. B 73. B 74. D 75. D
II. Fill in the blanks:
1. Ceographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are _______, while the east and south-east are mostly______.
2. Welsh is located in the ______ of Great Britain.
3. The ancestors of the English ______, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the ______.
4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes ______, _____, and _____ invaded Britain. Among them, the _____ gave their name to English people.
5. The battle of _______ witnessed the death of Harold in October, 106
6.
6. Under William, the ______ system in England was completely established.
7. The property record in William’s time is known as ______, which was compiled in _____.
8. _____’s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer’s time after he was murdered.
9. ______ was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England’s population from four million to ______ million by the end of the 14th century.
10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of ______ farmers.
11. James I and his son Charles I both believed firmly in ______.
12. During the Civil War, the Cavaliers supported ________, while the Roundheads supported _______.
13. After the Civil War, Oliver Cromwell declared England a ______, later, he became _________.
14. In 1707, the Act of _______ united England and ______.
15. The two parties originated with the Glorious Revolution were _____ and _______. The former were the forerunners of the ______ Party, the latter were of the ______ party.
16. In 1765, the Scottish inventor _____ produced a very efficient _____ that could be applied to textile and other machinery.
17. After the Industrial Revolution, Britain became the “______” of the world.
18. During the Second World War ________ led Britain to final victory in 1945.
19. In 1974 and 1977, the two ______ shock caused inflation to rise dramatically.
20. Natural gas was discovered in 1965 and oil in 1970 under _______.
21. _______ has Europe’s largest collection of foreign owned chip factories.
22. New industries in Britain include______, ______ and other high-tech industries.
23. The party which wins the second largest number of seats becomes the official ______, with its own leader and “______ cabinet”.
24. The Prime Minister is appointed by ______, and his/her official residence is _____.
25. There are two tiers of local government throughout England and Wales: _____ and ______.
26. The criminal law in Britain presumes the _____ of the accused until he has been proved guilty beyond reasonable doubt.
27. The jury usually consists of _______ persons in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and _____ persons in Scotland.
28. The ultimate court of appeal in civil cases throughout the UK is _______.
29. In Britain the welfare state applies mainly to _____, national insurance and ______.
30. The two established churches in Britain are ____ and _____.
31. Education in the UK is compulsory for all between the ages of (______ in Northen Ireland) and _____.
32. In the past children in Britain were allocated to different secondary schools on the basis of selection tests known as _______, which was replaced by ______.
33. Education after 16 in the UK is divided into _____ and ______.
34. The most-known universities in Britain are _____ and _____ which date from the _____ and _____ centuries.
35. In ____, Alaska and Havaii became the 49th and 50th states.
36. In the Great Lakes, only _____ belongs to U.S. completely while the other four are shared with Ganada.
37. _______ is separated from the main land by Canada.
38. The Rockies, the backbone of the North American Continent, is also known as _____.
39. _____ is the largest continental state in area in the U.S.
40. The West can be divided into three parts: the Great Plains, the Rocky Mountains and _____.
41. The South is the headquarters of a large segment of the ______ and ________ industry.
42. New England is sometimes called the ______ of America.
43. _______ is considered to be one of the characteristics of the American people since one in five moves to a new home every year.
44. The first blacks were brought to north America as slaves in _____.
45. The largest group of Asian-Americans are the ______.
II. Fill in the blanks:
1. highlands, lowlands
2. west
3. Anglo-Saxons, Celts
4. Jutes, Saxons, Angles, Angles
5. Hastings
6. feudal
7. Domesday Book, 1086
8. Thomas Becket
9. Black Death, two 10. yeomen 11. the Divine Right of Kings 12. the king, the Parliament 13. Commonwealth, Lord Protector 14. Union, Scotland 15. Whigs Tories Liberal Conservative 16. James Watt steam engine 17. workship 18. Winston Churchill
19. oil 20. the North Sea 21. Scotland 22. microprocessors and computer, biotechnology 23. Opposition, shadow 24. the Queen, No. 10 Downing 25. country councils, district councils 26.
innocence 27. 12, 15 28. the House of Lords 29. the National Health Service, social security 30. the Church of England, the Church of Scotland 31. 5, 4, 16 32. eleven-plus, comprehensive schools 33. further education, high education
34. Oxford, Cambridge, 12th, 13th 35. 1959 36. Lake Michigan 37. Alaska 38. the Continental Divide 39. Texas 40. the Intermountain Basin and Plateau 41. rocket/missile 42. birthplace 43. Mobility 44. 1619 45. Chinese-Americans
III. Explain the following terms.
1. the Hardian’s Wall:
2. Alfred the Great
3. William the Conqueror
4. the battle of Hastings
5. Domesday Book
6. the Great Charter
7. the Hundred Years’ War
8. Joan of Arc
9. the Black Death
10. the Wars of Roses
11. Bloody Mary
12. Elizabeth I
13. Oliver Cromwell
14. the Bill of Rights
15. Whigs and Tories
16. James Watt
17. Winston Churchill
18. Agribusiness
19. the British Constitution
20. Queen Elizabeth II
21. the Opposition
22. the Privy Council
23. common law
24. the jury
25. the NHS
26. comprehensive schools
27. public schools
28. the Great Lakes
29. New England
30. baby boom
31. the Chinese Exclusion Act
32. the Bill of Rights
33. the Emancipation Proclamation
34. the Constitutional Convention
35. the Progressive Movement
36. the Peace Conference
37. the Truman Doctrine:
38. the Marshall Plan
39. the New Frontier
40. checks and balances:
IV. Answer briefly the following questions:
1. What do you know about the Roman invasion of Britain?
2. Why did the William the Conqueror invade England after Edward’s death?
3. What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest?
4. What were the contents and the significance of the Great Charter?
5. What do you know about the English Renaissance?
6. Why did the Restoration take place?
7. How did the “Glorious Revolution” break out? What was the significance of it?
8. What is your comment on land enclosures in England?
9. How did the English Industrial Revolution proceed?
10. What do you know about the Chartist Movement and the People’s Charter? What’s your comment on them?
11. How did the Labour Party come into being?
12. What is a constitutional monarchy? When did it begin in Britain?
13. What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?
14. What are the main functions of Parliament?
15. Why do the criminal convicts like to be tried first before the magistrates’ courts?
16. What does the civil courts system do?
17. What is meant by the term “welfare state” in Britain?
18. What is the most important established Church in Britain? How is it related to the Crown and linked with the State?
19. What distinguishes the Open University from all other British Universities?
20. Say something about the three immigration waves.
21. Why did the early settlers come to America? Who were the Pilgrims? Who were the Puritans? What were the features in the colonial period which had influence on later American development?
22. What were the causes of the War of Independence?
23. What was unusual about the Article of Confederation? What was the struggle at the Constitutional Convention? How was the conflict solved?
24. Why did the Civil War break out? How did the war end?
25. What were the contents of the New Deal?
26. What was the impact of the Vietnam War-on American society?
27. Who was McCarthy and what was McCarthyism?
28. What is counterculture? What are some of the forms of counterculture?
29. What are the functions of the Congress?
30. What are some of the characteristics of American education?
英语考研英美概况模拟题
Political System 1. The British Monarchy is hereditary 2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the __17th __ century. 3. The __ Crown _ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people. 4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _ the House of Lords ___. 5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is __ the Cabinet __. 6. The life of Parliament is fixed at ___ five _ years. 7. The House of Commons consists of _651___ members who are elected from the _651____ electoral districts. 8. The titles of the lords, such as Duke, Marquis, Earl, V iscount and Baron, are __ hereditary __. 9. The quorum in the House of Commons is ___ forty _ members. 10. The _ British government _ _____ is the supreme administrative institution. 11. The __ Cabinet is the core of leadership of the British government. 12. The Privy Council was established in the 15th century when __ Henry V __ was on the throne. 13. Not until ___1937 _ could the cabinet have a legal basis. 14. The number of the cabinet members varies, being generally about ___20 __. 15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is __ Lord Chancellor __. 16. ___ The Labour Party _ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900. 17. It is the _ Prime Minister __ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings. 18. The Shadow Cabinet is organized by the _ Opposition ___. 19. London, because of its special location, is divided into _32____ boroughs and the city of London. 20. “The Morning Star” is the official paper of the ___ Communist Party __. 21. The following persons except ___ criminals _ have no right to vote. 22. In England and Wales, the jury consists of ___ twelve _ people in criminal and civil cases. 23. Legally any citizen aged from ___18__ to __65___ who has never been sent to prison can be a member of the jury. 24. The head of the police force of a county, etc. is called _ Chief Constable __. 25. A __ barrister ___ appointed to act for the State is called Queen’s Counsel. 26. Now the House of Lords can prevent a bill from passing into a law for __ one year _. 27. The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except _ the Criminal Division _. 28. During the Civil War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as _ Loyalists _. I. Fill in the Blanks 1. The present sovereign is __ Queen Elizabeth II ___ _____. 2. Elizabeth II came to the throne on Feb. 6th, _ 1952 3. The vital power lies in the ___ Prime Minister __ _____, and his/her cabinet. 4. The __ Crown ___ is the only legal and constitutional link binding the members of the Commonwealth to the home country and to one another. 5. The British Parliament consists of three elements – the _ Crown ____, the House of __ Lords ___, and the House of _ Commons ____. 6. The British legislature is _ Parliament ____.
英美概况试卷
学院 专业班级 学 号 姓 名 教室 号 座位 号 . ———— 装 —————订 — ————线——————外——————不——————要——————答 — ———— 题 — ——— ( 第 1 页， 共6 页 ) 页 ) ( 第 2 页， 共 6 页 ) 湖南涉外经济学院2016-2017学年度第 一 学期期末课程 《英语国家概况》考察试卷 专业年级： 2014级商英本科 考核方式：闭卷 考试时量：90分钟 试卷类型： 题 号 一 合计 复核人 应得分 100 实得分 得分 评卷人 复核人 I.You are required to interpret the following terms.（10X5′） One Standard English Two Magna Carta Three The Reformation Four The Seperation of Three Powers Five Thatcherism Six Critical Realism Eight Thanksgiving Day Nine the Lost Generation Ten Industial Revolution II You are required to answer the following questions.(5X10) 1. How does the english language develops into a universal lingua franca? 2. What is the British Empire? 3. What do we know about the Renaissance? 4. Why is American regarded as a “nation of immigrants ”? 5. What is your understanding of “checks and balance ”?
英国部分英美概况汇总题库
The United Kingdom I. Multiple Choice 1. The was “the greatest progressive revolution that mankind had so far experienced, a time which called for giants and produced giants—giants in power of thought, passion, and character, in universality and learning”(Engels). a. Renaissance b. Industrial Revolution c. Reformation d. Bourgeois Revolution 2. is regarded as the first English Prime Minster. a.D uke of Willington b.William Gladstone c.Benjamin Disraeli d.Sir Robert Walpole 3. The official head of Parliament is . a. the Prime Minister b. the Monarch c. the Speaker d. the Chancellor 4. The present sovereign of Britain is . a. Elizabeth I b. Elizabeth II
c. Elizabeth III d. Edward II 5. is a day to commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. a. Christmas b. Good Friday c. Easter Monday d. Boxing Day 6. published his book On the Origin of Species which caused a stir in Victorian times. a. Adam Smith b. Charles Darwin c. Thomas More d. Francis Bacon 7. The largest section of Great Britain is . a. Scotland b. Wales c. England d. Northern Ireland 8. The Lake District is well known for . a. its wild and beautiful scenery b. its varied lakes c. the Lake Poets
《最新英美概况》练习参考答案(美国部分)
《最新英美概况》 练习参考答案 （本答案不包括练习中的开放性习题、思考题和讨论题） ==================================================== PART TWO The United States Chapter Eight The Land P. 209—210 I Fill in the blanks with proper words or expressions. 1. the Star-Spangled Banner, Defense of Fort McHenry, 181 2. 2. the Stars and the Stripes, Old Glory, the Star-Spangled Banner. 3. The White House, The Capitol, The Pentagon. 4. June, 14th, June 14th. 5. the Potomac, no state, the Federal government. 6. 36, 36 states. 7. Amerigo Vespucci, American War of Independence. 8. Pierre L’Enfant, light, service. II Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A B C D 5. C D III Decide which of the following statements is TRUE: 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. T IV Answer the following questions. 1. (1) At first the Continent was named as “America” after explorer Amerigo Vespucci. (2) During the American War of Independence, the former British colonies first used “the thirteen united States of America” in the Declaration of Independence. (3) The official name of America was adopted on November 15, 1777, when the Second Continental Congress passed the Articles of Confederation. 2. The 50 stars represent the 50 States, while the 13 stripes represent the original thirteen colonies. White indicates purity and innocence; red indicates valour and bravery, and blue symbolizes vigilance, perseverance and justice; it is also a symbol of respect to God. 3. The stars and strips have different meanings. Each star represents each state in America, while strips represent the original thirteen colonies before the independence of America.
张奎武《英美概况》笔记及习题(工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命)【圣才出品】
第7章工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命 7.1 复习笔记 I. The American Revolution II. The French Revolution III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution IV. The Industrial Revolution and Its Consequences 1. The Industrial Revolution 2. Its Consequences I. The American Revolution (美国独立战争) 1. The Navigation Acts (passed in 1651) were intended to increase the prosperity of English merchants and ship builders. 1651年通过了《航海条例》，有利于英国商人和轮船制造者的发展。 2. The process (过程) ①The war broke out in April 1775. ②In October, 1777, the American army won a great battle at Saratoga, which was a turning point. ③By the Treaty of Paris in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the United States.
①战争开始于1775年4月。 ②1777年10月，美国军队取得萨拉托加大捷，这是美国独立战争的转折点。 ③1783年《巴黎和约》，英国承认了美国的独立。 II. The French Revolution (法国革命) 1. The French Revolution broke out in 1789 and Thomas Paine published “The Rights of Man”. 2. In 1793 Britain became the chief leader of a military alliance with Austria and Prussia against revolutionary France. 3. The allies met at the Congress of Vienna and fought for the spoils of victory. England obtained Ceylon, the-Cape of Good Hope, and a number of Spanish, Dutch and French colonies. 1. 1789年，法国革命爆发，潘恩发表《人权宣言》。 2. 1793年，英国联合澳大利亚和普鲁士，反对法国革命。 3. 盟国在维也纳分赃会议上瓜分胜利品。英国得到锡兰，好望角，以及西班牙，荷兰和法国的殖民地。 III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution (工业革命的必要条件) 1. The conditions for the Industrial Revolution : ①the accumulation of capital; ②the development of capitalist farming and the appearance of a labor reserve; ③the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign. 2. Britain’s population grew fast in this period and the people were skilled in
专四英美概况模拟试题
4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .在美国20世纪20年代，被描述为一个物质和精神沮丧的成功 7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”，we are referring to . 当我们说“水”或“老人河之父”，我们指的是密西西比河
8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from . 凯尔特人是不同群体的古代人来自德国 13. The ， the backbone of the North American continent， is also known as the Continental Divide.落基山脉，北美大陆的脊梁，也被称为大陆分水岭。
14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty，the British government allowed the company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people. 为了帮助不列颠东印度公司摆脱困境，英国政府允许公司以较低的价格向殖民地通过自己的人卖茶 21. The first Puritans came to America were on the ship_______. A. Codpeed B. Susan Constant C. May Flower 五月花 D. Discovery
英美概况考试试题集
英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一） British Survey Test Part I Geography 1. The total area of the U.K. is _____. A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,534 2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern 3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary. A. Wales B. Scotland C. England 5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 7. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces. A. 13 B. 12 C. 14 8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____. A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west 10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England. A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden 11. The longest river in Britain is _____. A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann 12. London is situated on the River of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey 13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales 14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short. A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary 15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____. A. Scotland B. Wales C. England 16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____. A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines 17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources. A. 50% B. 38% C. 42% 18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____. A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland 19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____. A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 1694
张奎武《英美概况》笔记及习题(美国文学)【圣才出品】
第7章美国文学 7.1 复习笔记 I. A General Introduction II. Fiction III. Poetry IV. Drama I. A General Introduction (简要介绍) 1. The history of American literature is comparatively short, roughly about 200 years. 美国文学的历史很短，大约200年。 2. Many famous writers have earned great fame in the world, such as Walt Whitman, Mark Twain, Theodore Dreiser, and Ernest Hemingway. 很多著名作家已赫然立于世界文坛之上。例如惠特曼、马克·吐温、西奥多·德莱赛和欧内斯特·海明威。 II. Fiction (小说) 1. America did not have its fiction until Washington Irving. 美国的小说从华盛顿·欧文开始。
2. American contemporary literature has continued to undergo healthy development in producing new forms and new language. 美国的现代文学继续健康发展，不断涌现出新的形式和新的语言。 3. In 1990s, American literature takes much newer directions and varieties in quality. 20世纪90年代，美国文学呈现出很多新的趋势和种类。 4. There appeared some famous fiction writers in American literature. 美国文学史上出现了很多著名的小说家。 (1) Washington Irving (1783—1859) (华盛顿·欧文) ①Regarded as the “father of American literature”, Washington Irving was the first American to achieve international literary reputation. ②His most famous story “Rip Van Winkle”helps Irving earn great fame in the literary world. ①华盛顿·欧文是第一个在国际上享有盛誉的美国作家，被称为“美国文学之父”。 ②他最著名的故事是“瑞普·凡·温克尔”，使欧文在文学界获得很高的名望。 (2) Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804—1864) (纳撒尼尔·霍桑) ①Hawthorne is a famous American writer in romantic fiction and a pioneer in psychological description. ②His most famous novel is The Scarlet Letter. ①霍桑是美国浪漫主义小说的著名作家，也是心理描写方面的先驱。 ②他最著名的小说是《红字》。 (3) Mark Twain(1835—1910) (马克·吐温)
英美概况选择题答案
1. The highest mountain in Britain is __B__. A. Scafell B. Ben Nevis C. the Cotswolds D. the Forth 2. The longest river in Britain is __C___. A. the Clyde B. the Mersey C. the Severn D. the Thames 3. The largest lake in Britain is ___A__. A. the Lough Neage B. Windermere Water C. Coniston Water D. the Lake District 4. The first inhabitants in Britain were __C___. A. the Normans B. the Celts C. the Iberians D. the Anglo-Saxons 5. British Recorded history began with __A___. A. Roman invasion B. the Norman Conquest C. the Viking and Danish invasion D. the Anglo-Saxons invasion 6. In 829, __C___ actually became the overlord of all the English. A. John B. James I C. Egbert D. Henry I 7. Christmas Day __B__, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey. A. 1056 B. 1066 C. 1006 D. 1060 8. In __B___, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America. A. 1620, London B. 1620, Plymouth C. 1720, London D. 1720, Plymouth 9. With regard to its size, the USA is the __D___ country in the world. A. largest B. second largest C. third largest D. fourth largest 10. Among the following rivers, __C___ forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the U.S. A. the Potomac B. the Columbia C. the Rio Grande River D. the Colorado 11. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by ___B__. A. James Madison B. Thomas Jefferson C. Alexander Hamilton D. GeorgeWashington 12. On July 4, 1776, ___B__ adopted the Declaration of Independence. A. the First Continental Congress B. the Second Continental Congress C. the Third Continental Congress D. the Constitutional Convention 13. President Jefferson bought __B___ from France and doubled the country’s territory. A. New Mexico B. the Louisiana Territory C. Kansas D. Ohio 14. The first known settlers of Britain were ___D____.
英美概况美国部分整理
America The Founding of Colonies殖民地的建立 First Inhabitants：American Indians Discovery of the New World： 1492 Christopher Columbus →the discoverer of America (Italian)Spanish Queen’ s support 1501-2 Amerigo Vespucci →the new land was name after him as America. reached the mouth of Amazon River America—the New World Europe—the Old World 13 colonies： New England Colonies: Mid Atlantic Colonies: Southern Colonies: Massachusetts →（2nd colony，1620）New York Maryland New Hampshire Pennsylvania Virginia →（1st colony，1607）Rhode Island Delaware North Carolina Connecticut South Carolina Georgia →（the last colony，1733）New England Region（6个）: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine and Vermont 建立原因： Virginia, 1607 Virginia Company For foreign expansion as a way of easing religious dispute and economic distress in England 105 men (no women) Jamestown in honor of the king Massachusetts In 1620 102 Puritans (“Pilgrim Fathers”), in Mayflower, from Plymouth in England to America First in Plymouth (today’s Massachusetts); and then Boston Seek religious freedom Mayflower Compact <五月花号公约>：self-government Hardships when arrived the help of the Indians Thanksgiving Day to thank the Indians and the God for protection The next three colonies Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire Reasons: 1. religious disputes and struggles in Massachusetts intensified 2. more immigrants
英美概况括考前知识点总结
英国概况 1，英国名称：The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) 2，地理位置：Great Britain is the largest island of the British Isles, the largest island in Europe and the eighth-largest island in the world. It lies to the northwest of Continental Europe, with Ireland to the west, and makes up the largest part of the territory of the state known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is surrounded by over 1,000[citation needed] smaller islands and islets. 或者回答British mainland western Europe from Great Britain and Ireland, north-east and many nearby islands， She east by the North Sea, the Atlantic Ocean to the west, up to the North Atlantic off Iceland, Yugoslavia and the European continent, separated only by a strip of water, the English Channel 3, 英国首都：London 4,组成部分：England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland 5,民族：England Welsh、Scotch、Irish 6, 英国国旗：the Union Flag英国国歌：God Save The Queen 天佑女7，三次外族入侵：ⅠRoman Conquest；43AD, the roman empire
英美概况模拟试题
《英语国家社会与文化入门》模拟试题及参考答案 Part one Fill in the blanks ( 10 points ) 1.The full name of the United Kingdom is . 2.The Good Friday Agreement, known also as , emerged on 10 April 1998. 3., the ancestor of the present queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829. 4.written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school and college students today. 5.The Bonfire Night, which is celebrated in November, sometimes is also called . 6.Columbus discovered the New World in the year of . 7.The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, and Jewish. 8.In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel titled , which intensified the political debate on slavery. 9.1968 was known in US history as a violent and tragic year in which the great leader of The Civil Rights Movement: was assassinated. 10.The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the River. Part two Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points ) 1.Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called . a. Progressivism b. laissez faire c. New Freedom d. New Deal 2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December, 1941. a. Great Depression b. Pearl Harbor incident c. the Japanese attack on China d. the German attack on Poland 3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver Cromwell as . a. Lord Protector b. Lieutenant General c. Commander of the New Model Army d. President 4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain. a. east b. south c. west d. north 5. WASPs referred to . a. the mainstream Americans b. Hispanics c. Asian-Americans d. Blacks 6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution formally ended . a. the immigration movement b. the Civil War