专业英语四级语法与词汇 试卷256

专业英语四级（语法与词汇）-试卷256

(总分：52.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、 LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGE(总题数：26，分数：52.00)

1.PART III LANGUAGE KNOWLEDGEThere are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence

there are four words, phrases or statements marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose one word, phrase

or statement that best completes the sentence.（分数：2.00）

__________________________________________________________________________________________

解析：

2.Your books and magazines are almost in a_______; go and put them in order.

（分数：2.00）

A.chaos

B.disorder

C.mess √

D.riot

解析：解析：你的书和杂志简直是乱七八糟，去把它们整理一下。A chaos指极度的杂乱和近乎完全的混乱，例如：The government collapsed and chaos reigned．政府垮台，到处一片混乱。B．disorder“混乱，杂乱”，常指缺乏整齐、顺序，例如：The emergency room was in disorder．急救室一片混乱。C．mess指“混乱，混杂”，指十分肮脏，不整齐的状态，例如：This room's in a mess．这个房间杂乱不堪。D．riot指“暴乱，暴动”，例如：He was killed in the riots．他在暴乱中被杀。注：B和C在意思上符合句意，但只有in a mess的搭配，如用disorder应为in disorder，故选C。

3.The animal protection group is calling on people to _______ fur coats and care for wild animals.

（分数：2.00）

A.ban

B.forbid

C.veto

D.boycott √

解析：解析：动物保护组织正号召人们抵制皮毛大衣，关爱动物。A． ban主要指官方“禁止”某种事情，例如：He has been banned from driving for a year．他被禁止开车一年。B．forbid普通用语，指具有权威人士或官方发出禁令，并要求遵守，例如：Parking forbidden! 禁止停车!C．veto指国王、总统等依其职权否决法案、提案等，例如：The president vetoed the bill．总统否决了那项提案。D．boycott指“联合抵制”，常指拒绝购买某种商品(如本题)，例如：They have urged people to boycott foreign

products．他们敦促大家抵制外国产品。

4.No one could ever_______this government of not caring about the poor.

（分数：2.00）

A.accuse √

B.charge

C.condemn

D.prosecute

解析：解析：没有人会指责该政府不关心穷人。A．accuse严厉地指责或谴责某人，习惯搭配为accuse sb．of

stk／doing sth．(如本题)，例如：You can't accuse me of being selfish．你不能说我自私。B．charge指对较严重错误或罪行向法院提出正式起诉，习惯搭配有charge sb．with sth．／doing sth．，例如：She has not yet been formally

charged with the offence．她还没有以这一罪名被正式起诉。C．condemn指正式地“谴责，强烈指责”，从道义或原则上来说，常与for搭配，例如：He was roundly condemned for

his mistake．他因犯错而受到严厉指责。D．prosecute指对某人提出公诉，检举某人，习惯搭配为prosecute

．他因偷窃而被起诉。He was prosecuted for theft．，例如：for sth．sb

5.Yu Dan and Lecture Room program gain popularity in modern China, which is _______ of a new

attitude towards Sinology.

（分数：2.00）

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/32409869.html,rmative

B.indicative √

C.initiative

D.instructive

解析：解析：于丹和《百家讲坛》节目在现代中国受到欢迎，这表示人们对待国学有了新的态度。A．informative表示“提供消息(或情报、资料)的，增进知识的”。B．indicative与of连用时表示“表示的，象征的”。C．initiative作形容词表示“主动的，自发的”。D．instructive表示“教育性的，有益的”。

6.Which of the following is INCORRECT?

（分数：2.00）

A.He spent all his time reading.

B.Half the students are here.

C.All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.

D.He asked many his friends for money. √

解析：解析：考查限定词的位置。many是后位限定词，不能放在his前面，只能说He asked many friends

for money或者He asked many of his friends for money，故选D。

7.In I saw a thief stealing something , the underlined part is_______

（分数：2.00）

A.a predicate.

B.an attribute.

C.a complement. √

D.an adverbial.

解析：解析：现在分词用法题。see sb．do／doing sth．是“谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，stealing

something在这里作宾语补足语，对宾语a thief做补充说明，答案为C。

8.Which of the following sentences can NOT be used as a response to I think this food is delicious? （分数：2.00）

A.So do we.

B.We do too.

C.So we do. √

D.We think so too.

解析：解析：在描述“甲如何如何，乙也是如此”的语境对话中，若前者是肯定句，后者用“so+助动词+主语”或“主语+助动词+too”以表示后者也如此。如I have a test today．的回复可以是“So does he．”或“He does too．”，因此A、B正确。该题为I think后接宾语从句，因此也可用“We think so too．”回答，so代替从句的内容，故D也正确。C为“so+主语+助动词”结构，意为“的确如此、确实如此”，只是进一步强调并重复前者所述内容，前后的主语必须一致，如：“He arrived early．”“So he did”。C的主语与题干主语不一致，因此答案为C。

9.Which of the following contains an adverbial of cause?

（分数：2.00）

A.He failed to lift the rock in spite of all his exertions.

B.To draw the map properly, you need a special pen.

C.For all her wealth, she never wastes money on luxury goods.

D.With all this work to do, I don't know whether I can go out. √

解析：解析：考查状语在句中的用法。A、C中的介词短语in spite of all his exertions和for all her

wealth均表示让步关系，作让步状语；B中的不定式结构To draw the map properly作目的状语；只有D 。D表原因，意为“由于……”，故答案为With all this work to do中的介词短语

10.An important lecture _______ tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night to

prepare for it.

（分数：2.00）

A.to be given √

B.will be given

C.is to be given

D.given

解析：解析：逗号前后分句缺乏连词，且主语与谓语均不一致，因此前半句应采取独立主格结构，构成句子的原因状语，相当于As an important lecture will be given tomorrow，故A为正确答案。D为过去分词作后置定语。不符合语境。

11.No sooner _______ than a student came to visit her.

（分数：2.00）

A.she had gone out

B.has she gone out

C.she has gone out

D.had she gone out √

解析：解析：含否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句式(谓语前置)。这类表示否定意义的词有never，seldom，scarcely，little，few，not，hardly以及not only．．．but(also)，no sooner．．．than，hardly．．．when等。答案为D。

12.Once ________, this power station will supply all the neighboring towns and villages with electricity.

（分数：2.00）

A.it being completed

B.it completed

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/32409869.html,pleted √

D.it completes

解析：解析：条件状语从句的省略形式。once在这里是连词，意为“一旦……就……”。当状语从句主语和主句主语一致且状语从句有be动词时，可将状语从句的主语连同be一同省略。由于power station与complete之间存在被动关系，故选C，其中省略了it is。

13.If you told the truth to your principal, he _______ able to give you much better suggestions

than I can.

（分数：2.00）

A.were

B.was

C.will have been

D.would be √

解析：解析：虚拟语气。本句条件从句中的谓语动词用了过去式told，说明其内容与现在／将来的情况相反，所以主句谓语应该由“would+动词原形”构成。B、C不用于虚拟语气；A项were只用于表虚拟的条件从句中。

14.Our boss, Mr. Thompson, _______ a raise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.

（分数：2.00）

A.was promising

B.has been promising √

C.promised

D.has promised

解析：解析：根据句意，promise这一动作在过去已发生，一直延续到现在，并对现在造成影响，且动作仍然正在进行。符合这一语意的时态只有现在完成时进行时，B为正确答案。现在完成时虽也表示过去开始的某一动作延续到现在，并对现在造成影响，但它不能涵盖动作仍在进行这一语意。．

15.Which of the following words can NOT be used to complete _______the teachers came?

（分数：2.00）

A.Often √

B.Nearly

C.Eventually

D.Almost

解析：解析：考查副词的用法。副词nearly，almost都有“几乎，差不多”的意思，可以用于句中。eventually意为“最终，终于”，意思也正确。often是程度副词，表示“经常”，放入句中不通顺。

16.Just months after entering politics, he finds he has been under_______ by a dogged justice

system.

（分数：2.00）

A.sanity

B.scarcity

C.scrutiny √

D.serenity

解析：解析：就在他从政的几个月后，他就发现自己已处于顽固司法系统的监督之下了。A．sanity“明智，头脑清楚”B．scarcity“缺乏，不足”C．scrutiny“监视，详细审查” D．serenity“平静，宁静”。

17.We work to make money, but it's a_______ that people who work hard and long often do not make

the most money.

（分数：2.00）

A.dilemma

B.struggle

C.collision

D.paradox √

解析：解析：我们通过工作赚钱，但辛苦工作很长时间的人通常挣的钱并不是最多的，这实在是有些自相矛盾。A．dilemma 指进退两难的境遇，左右为难，例如：They were caught in a real dilemma．他们陷入了进退两难的境地。B．struggle “搏斗，挣扎，努力”，指需要努力面对或拼搏的困难或险情，例如：It was a hard struggle to get my work done in time．为使工作按时完成，我做了一番努力。C．collision“冲突”，指意见、利益等的冲突、抵触，也指两物的相撞，例如：The two ships came into

collision．两艘轮船相撞。D．paradox指似是而非的说法，自相矛盾的结论(如本题)，例如：The faster

he tried to finish，the longer it seemed to take him．It is quite a paradox．他越是想快点完成，似乎就做得越慢，这实在是很矛盾。

18.Jane was determined to _______ herself in the African way of life.

（分数：2.00）

A.immerse √

B.dip

C.duck

D.submerge

解析：解析：简决心潜心研究非洲人的生活方式。A．immerse“沉浸，浸入”，表示全部浸入液体中，比喻义为埋头从事某项工作，例如：She immersed herself in her work．她投入工作。B．dip“浸”，指部分地、暂时地或轻微地放进液体，多暗示一种谨慎或试探性的动作，例如：She dipped a toe in the water

to see how cold it Was．她用脚尖沾了沾水，看看水到底有多凉。C．duck“潜入”，表示猛然扎入水中，又很快取出，例如：They ducked me in the pool．他们把我猛按入水池中。D．submerge“浸没，淹没”，指长时间的完全浸入、潜入，强调浸入液体深层，例如：The river overflowed and submerged the

farmland．河水泛滥，淹没了农田。注：这里用到了比喻义，immerse oneself in表示“潜心于，专心于”，所以选A。

19.The small village was perfectly quiet, except for a few _______ dog barking.

（分数：2.00）

A.abrupt

B.accidental

C.casual

D.occasional √

解析：解析：这座小村庄非常安静，除了偶尔会听到几声狗叫。A．abrupt“突然的，意外的”强调事物的突变。B．accidental “偶然的，意外的”，强调说明一件事意外的发生，没有预料到的发生。C．casual“随便的，不经意的”，强调无目的无计划发生的事，含有随便的意味。D．occasional“偶然的，不时的”，说明一件事偶然的发生，不经常的发生(如本题)。

20.Mr. Mage is always _______ on appearing his views these years.

（分数：2.00）

A.anxious

B.enthusiastic

C.keen √

D.thirsty

解析：解析：麦基先生这几年都是如此热衷于抛洒他的观点。A．anxious常与about搭配，表示“焦急盼望的，渴望的”，常含有焦急、担心的意味，例如：she was extremely anxious about her exams．她因考试感到极度不安。B．enthusiastic 也常与about搭配，表示对某事物的极端喜爱或热情赞许，例如：He was quite enthusiastic about the idea．他对这个想法很感兴趣。C．keen后常接介词on(如本题)，表示受极大兴趣或意念驱使而热心地做某事，例如：A lot of boys are keen on computer games．许多男生喜爱电脑游戏。D．thirsty后常跟介词for，表示“渴望……的”，指具有做某事的强烈的愿望，例如：I am thirsty for detailed information．我渴望得到详细的消息。

21.If we _______in this practice, gradually we'll learn how to express ourselves in English.

（分数：2.00）

A.insist

B.adhere

C.persist √

D.maintain

解析：解析：如果我们坚持这种做法，渐渐地我们就会学会用英语来表达自己。A．insist常表示坚持意见、看法、主张，后跟介词on，例如：He insisted on walking home with her．他一定要和她一起步行回家。B．adhere“坚持，忠于”，暗示坚持不懈之意，后常跟介词to，例如：How many people actually

adhere to this view?实际有多少人坚持这一观点呢?C．persist“坚持，执意”多指固执己见，但有时也可指褒义，后常跟介词in(如本题)，例如：Most of them persist in setting strict demands on

themselves．他们大多数人坚持严格要求自己。D．maintain“维持，坚持”，后不用加介词，例如：she

maintains that the accusation is groundless．她坚持认为该指控是毫无根据的。

22.Race remains a prominent and _______ issue in the United States, which has struggled to overcome

a legacy of slavery and discrimination.

（分数：2.00）

A.sensible

B.sensitive √

C.sentimental

D.sensational

解析：解析：尽管美国一直在努力克服奴隶制的残余思想、消除歧视，但种族问题仍比较严重且敏感。A．sensible“明智的，合情合理的” B．sensitive意为“敏感的，灵敏的”C．sentimental“多愁善感的，伤感的”D．sensational “轰动的，使人感动的”

23.What these young men and women need to do now is to develop a mentality to reconcile their

ideals with reality. The underlined part means _______.

（分数：2.00）

A.interact

B.interface

√C.harmonize

D.pair

解析：解析：这些年轻男女如今要做的是将理想与现实协调好以发展其心智。下划线都分表示______。A．interact“互动” B．interface“连接”C．harmonize“协调”D．pair“配对”注：短语reconcile…with与harmonize…with意思一致。意为“协调……和……”。

24.We _______ any attempts to infiltrate company networks to obtain user information.

（分数：2.00）

A.sentence

B.condemn √

C.reproach

D.scold

解析：解析：我们谴责任何试图渗入公司网络以获取用户信息的行为。A．sentence“判刑”，法律用语，例如：The judge sentenced him to do hard labour．法官判他服劳役。B．condemn“谴责”，侧重从道义或原则上的谴责，例如：The wife condemned her husband for drinking too much．妻子因丈夫贪杯而责怪他。C．reproach“指责”，指不高兴或失望地指责，例如：His teacher reproached him for not

doing his homework．老师责备他不做作业。D．scold“责骂，训斥”，多指上级对下级、长辈对后辈或雇主对雇员的态度粗暴、言词激烈的数落，例如：I never scolded，even if my children made mistakes．我从不斥责，即使我的孩子犯了错误我也不发火。注：从空格后的内容可以得知，渗入公司网络、以获取用户信息是一种不道德行为，condemn 与之搭配恰当，选B。

25.The sun, rain, and frost had damaged the _______wall of this old building.

（分数：2.00）

A.exterior √

B.superficial

C.outer

D.outward

解析：解析：阳光、雨水和霜侵蚀了这座古建筑的外墙。A．exterior“外部的，外面的”，和external经常可互换，但更强调位置与方位处于事物的表面或出于其外部的极限边缘，尤指建筑物(如本题)，例如：exterior wall外墙。B．superficial“表面的”，修饰表面的、没有深度的具体事物，例如：The crack

in the table is only superficial．桌子上的裂口很浅。C．outer“外面的，外部的”，该词保留了比较级，表示离中心再远一些，例如：journey to the outer space外太空旅行。D．outward“向外的，外表的”，常表示离开内部朝外的运动或方向，例如：the outward voyage出航。

26.In the sentence He did everything possible to help us, the underlined word is used to modify

（分数：2.00）

A.the subject.

B.the predicate.

C.the object. √

D.the infinitive phrase.

解析：解析：当形容词修饰由every-、some-、any-、no-加body、one、thing等构成的复合不定代词时须后置。此处possible作后置定语修饰宾语everything，答案为C“宾语”。subject指主语，predicate指谓语，the infinitive phrase 指不定式。

英语专业四级词汇与语法

英语专业四级词汇与语法模拟练习 41. My brother has decided to become a policeman,____what may. A. came B. come C. coming D. having come 42. My friend and adviser____ to lend me his money. A. have agreed B. has agreed C. agreed D. are agreed 43. A series of robberies ____recently. A. has been reported B. has reported C. have been reported D. have reported 44. “Which coat did your husband buy?” “The black one, but I____ the green one.” A. would rather have bought B. would rather buy C. would have rather bought D. rather had bought 45. I was to have a trip abroad if____. A. I had not been fired B. I was not fired C. my boss won’t have fired me D. I were not fired 46. Not until three years ago____ to work outside. A. he began B. he begins C. began he D. did he begin 47.____ that it was going to rain, he took a raincoat with him A. Seeing B. Saw C. Seen D. To see 48. If you____hard, you____in the exam. A. worked/ wouldn’t have failed B. had worked/ wouldn’t fail C. had worked/ wouldn’t have failed D. worked/ wouldn’t fail 49. When we drove to the country, we saw many ____. A. herds of cattles B. herds of cattle C. herd of cattle D. herd of cattles 50. Don’t go there this afternoon, I’d rather you____ tomorrow. A. went B. go C. will go D. would go 51. They saw a new movie at the theatre,____they had dinner at a Chinese restaurant. A. then which B. which after C. after which D. after that 52. In my country, the____ are all distributed free. A. letters box B. letters boxes C. lette r’s box D. letter boxes 53. I wish to go home with you,____? A. may I B. shall I C. would I D. can I 54. Our country is trying to____ the serious problems created by the environment pollution. A. comply with B. cope with C. cope to D. comply to 55. The thieves____the possibility of the alarm system sounding A. overtook B. overcame C. overlooked D. overworked 56. Although the main characters in the fiction are so true to life, they are certainly____. A. imagining B. imaginative C. imaginable D. imaginary 57. She stumbled and____ the coffee. A. spoiled B. spilled C. poured D. splashed 58. A sheet of metal was shaken to____the sound of thunder. A. stimulate B. simulate C. reproduce D. duplicate 59. In today’s newspaper, it____ that th ere will be a new election tomorrow. A. tells B. states C. writes D. records 60. When he bent down to tie his shoelace, the belt of his trousers____. A. ruined B. cracked C. broke D. split

英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题及解析

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D.three hour's 答案：B [解答] 考查复合词作定语。 数词+量词构成的复合词作定语时，中间用连接符连接，量词用单数。故B正确。 4. Careful surveys have indicated that as many as 50 percent of patients do not take drugs ______ directed. A.like B.so C.which D.as 答案：D [解答] 考查连词的用法。 此处考查引导方式状语从句的连词，空格后面实际上是一个省略句，完整形式应该是they are directed。由此可知该处缺少连词，意思应该是“以…方式”，故选as。 5. ______ the door when a gust of wind blew the candle out. A.He had no sooner opened B.Hardly had he opened C.Scarcely did he opened D.No sooner did he open 答案：B [解答] 考查倒装句。 hardly/scarcely…when或no sooner…than为固定搭配，意为“一…就…”。含有此结构的句子，表示从句中的动作一发生，主句中的动作随即发生，并且当hardly/scarcely或no sooner置于句首时，从句的主语和谓语必须倒装；另外，在以上结构中，主句一般用过去完成时，从句一般用一般过去时。由此可知正确答案为B。

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? assess vt. 评估 【派】assessment n. 评估 ?assign vt. 指派，选派；分配，布置（作业）【派】assignment n. 作业 ? assume vt. 假设，假定 【派】assumption n. 假定；设想 ? attain vt. 获得 【考】attain one's ideal 实现理想 ? attribute vt. 把……归因于 【考】attribute sth. to 把……归因于 ? automatically ad. 自动地 ?beforehand ad. 预先，事先 ?boost vt. 提高，推动，使增长；n. 推动，增长【派】booster n.支持者，推动器 ? brilliant a. 光辉的，辉煌的 【派】brilliance n. 光辉；才华 ?collaborate vi. 合作；通敌 【考】collaborate with sb. 与……合作 ? comprehensive a. 综合的 【考】comprehensive university 综合性大学 ? conscious a. 有意识的 【考】be conscious of sth. 意识到……；知道