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中考英语阅读理解专项练习经典1

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）

1．阅读理解

Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）.

In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich.

Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time!

（1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean?

A. The father who has several children.

B. The man who loves science and inventions.

C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction.

D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully.

（2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories?

A. The plays he wrote for the theater.

B. The encouragement from his father.

C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon.

D. The scientific subjects in his stories.

（3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century?

A. Because his books made him rich and famous.

B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time.

C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies.

D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions.

（4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg?

A. Five Weeks in a Balloon.

B. Around the World in Eighty Days.

C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth.

D. From the Earth to the Moon.

（5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

A. The space flight Verne described was different from others.

B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time.

C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century.

D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：许多人认为朱勒凡尔纳是科幻小说之父，他的父亲希望他能成为一名律师，但是当他二十岁的时候，凡尔纳决定成为一名作家，他的书写的非常受欢迎，朱勒凡尔纳的书已经成为许多电影的主题。

（1）词语理解题。根据短语the father of science fiction 科幻小说之父。可知，Jules Verne 被认为是第一个写科幻小说的人，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories”可知故事Five Weeks in a Balloon的成功让凡尔纳更有动力写更多的小说，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句由文中 In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. 可知在19世纪，许多人对科学和发明感兴趣。儒勒·凡尔纳在他的小说中写下了科学主题，因此很受欢迎。故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg.可知《八十天环游世界》是根据凡尔纳的一本书改编的另一部著名电影。主角是一个叫斐利亚·福克的英国人。故选B。

（5）理解判断题。根据文中的语句Verne's writing included many predictions （预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true.可知凡尔纳的作品包括了许多对20世纪的预言，其中许多预言都实现了，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本题主要考查了细节理解题，词义理解归纳题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。

2．根据短文内容出选择正确答案。

Do you want to live a happier, less stressful life? Try laughing for no reason at all. That's how thousands of people start their day at Laughter （笑声）Clubs around the world and many doctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy.

The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. "Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day," says Dr. Kataria. "Everyone is naturally good at laughing-it's the universal language. We want people to feel happy with their lives." There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over l,300 in the world.

Many doctors are also interested in the effects （效果） of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study at the UCLA School of Medicine in California, with laughing there is less stress in

the body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%.

So what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nearest club in South London to find out. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class, to be honest, I wasn't interested in laughing with a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking stupid. Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say “ho ho ho, ha ha ha.” while looking at each other. However, our bodies can't tell the difference between real laughter and unreal laughter, so they still produce the same healthy effects.

Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real and some people just couldn't stop! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed-and comfortable I felt. So if you're under stress, then start laughing. You might be very pleased with the results!

（1）The first Laughter Club was started in __________.

A. India

B. America

C. Britain

D. China

（2）How many Laughter Clubs are there in the world today?

A. Over 300.

B. Over 500.

C. Over 800.

D. Over l,300. （3）How did the writer feel at the beginning of the class?

A. Surprised.

B. Pleased

C. Nervous.

D. Tired.

（4）When did the people in the club begin to laugh for real?

A. After ten minutes.

B. After ten hours.

C. After ten seconds.

D. After ten days.（5）The article mainly tells us __________.

A. young children laugh much more often than adults in a day

B. laughing is one of the best ways to stay healthy

C. many-doctors are also interested in the effects of laughter on our health

D. real laughter and unreal laughter are both good for health

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】你想过一个快乐的,没有压力的生活?尝试毫无理由的大笑？全世界每天有成千上万的人在笑声俱乐部开始他们的一天。医生认为开怀大笑是最好的保健方式。

（1）细节理解。根据第二段The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. 可知在印度，故选A。

（2）细节理解。根据第二段There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over

l,300 in the world. 可知选D。

（3）细节理解。根据第四段 I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class可知作者开始紧张。故选C。

（4）细节理解。根据最后一段Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real and some people just couldn't stop! 可知10分钟后房间里的人都是在真笑。故选A。

（5）主旨大意。本文讲笑声俱乐部给人们的生活带来的变化，通过大笑来减少压力，过更快乐更健康的生活。故选B。

【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

3．阅读理解

It is a cold and dry winter morning. When you wake up, you feel that your throat hurts. You begin to sneeze and later you may cough. You must have a cold！Wait a moment. Could it just be a common cold or the flu（流感）that's been going around？

A cold gives you a runny nose and cough. But it's usually easy to deal with. Some people take medicine while others drink herbal tea or chicken soup. Usually you feel better after a week.

On the other hand, the flu can be much more dangerous. It usually gives you fever. Sometimes it can cause death. According to an American magazine, the worst flu killed about 50 million people from 1918 to 1919.

Don't worry. If you get a flu vaccine（疫苗）, it can stop you from getting the virus（病毒）.Flu vaccines work by giving the body a small number of flu viruses. This causes your body to develop antibodies（抗体）. So next time you get the flu, the antibodies will help you.

The flu virus changes every few years. Therefore, there are so many types of flu, such as HlN1 and H5N1.The antibodies for one type of flu can't help us against all types of flu. That's why we need to get the vaccine every year.

However, good healthy habits may also help stop you developing a cold or flu. Washing your hands often helps stop you from getting viruses. It is also important to get regular exercise and eat healthy food. All these can help you strengthen（增强）your immune system（免疫系统）.（1）If you have a common cold, usually you'll feel better after .

A. a week

B. two weeks

C. ten days

D. twenty days （2）According to the passage, which is TRUE of the flu？

A. It first happened in 1919.

B. It usually doesn't give you fever.

C. It is easy to deal with.

D. It can kill people sometimes.

（3）If you get a flu vaccine, .

A. it can't stop you from getting the flu virus

B. it won't cause your body to develop antibodies

C. your body will develop antibodies

D. your body will get a large number of flu viruses

（4）We need to get a flu vaccine every year because .

A. we probably have a cold in winter

B. the flu virus changes every few years

C. the flu is very dangerous

D. you don't need to take any medicine after that

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇短文主要讲述了流感的危害以及预防流感的方法。（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Usually you feel better after a week.描述可知通常一周后你就会好转，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Sometimes it can cause death. 描述，可知流感有时能致死。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段If you get a flu vaccine （疫苗），…This causes your body to develop antibodies （抗体），可知你的身体会产生抗体，故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段The flu virus changes every few years.…That's why we need to get the vaccine every year，可知流感病毒每几年就变异一次，故选B。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，得出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

Welcome to the Art Museum!

You've just stepped into one of the world's greatest collections of art, covering centuries of human creativity from around the world. With thousands of works on show, you may wonder how to start your visit, but we are here to help. On the back of this Visitor Guide, you'll find directions to some must-see works in our collection- the "don't miss" list for the Art Museum, It's a great choice to start if you are new to the museum.

The following pages include a clear floor plan of the museum and its collections, But because we have several buildings, the overlook（鸟瞰图） below might be helpful. Enjoy your visit and feel free to ask for help and directions at any point during your stay.

（1）The passage is a page from ________________.

A. a tour map

B. a newspaper

C. a visitor guide

D. a picture book （2）What can we see in the "don't miss" list for the Art Museum?

A. Some free paintings.

B. Some must-see works.

C. Some new collections.

D. Some museum buildings.

（3）How many parts does the overlook of the museum include?

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

D. Five.（4）Which part of the museum shows Chinese art?

A. The "Bridge".

B. Rice Building.

C. The Modern Wing.

D. Mckinlock Court,（5）Where can we see the special artworks?

A. On all floors of Rice Building.

B. On the second floor of Rice Building.

C. On the first floor of Michigan Avenue Building.

D. On the lower floor of Michigan Avenue Building.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍美术博物馆，介绍了它的影响力和美术博物馆的示意图。

（1）细节题。根据On the back of this Visitor Guide, you'll find directions to some must-see works in our collection- the "don't miss" list for the Art Museum,可知，这篇文章来自参观指南的一页，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 On the back of this Visitor Guide, you'll find directions to some must-see works in our collection- the "don't miss" list for the Art Museum,可知，在在清单上可以看到一些必须看见的作品，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据示意图可知，博物馆俯瞰图包括五部分，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据THE"BRIDGE"中的Second floor：Chinese art可知，THE"BRIDGE"的第二楼含有中国艺术，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据RICE BUILDING中的Second floor:special artworks可知，RICE BUILDING 的第二楼含有特殊的艺术品，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题、词义猜测题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案。

5．阅读理解

For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming to an empty house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called "latchkey children". They're children who look after themselves while their parents are working. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.

Lynette Long was once the headmistress of an elementary school. She said, "We had a school rule against wearing jewellery. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened. I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts. There were so many keys. It never came to my mind what they meant," Slowly, she learned they were house keys.

She and her husband began talking to the children who had them. They learned of the impact （影响） working couples and single parents were having on their children. Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone. One in each three latchkey children the Longs talked to reported being scared. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety.

The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding. It might be in a shower stall, under a bed, or in a closet. The second is TV. They'll often play it at high volume. It's hard to get statistics（统计数据）on latchkey children, the Longs learned. Most parents are slow to admit they leave their children alone.

（1）The main idea about latchkey children is that they _________________.

A. are growing in numbers

B. suffer problems from being left alone

C. watch too much TV during the day

D. are also found in middle class neighbourhoods （2）Which sentence in the second paragraph is the topic sentence?

A. We had a school rule against wearing jewellery.

B. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened.

C. Slowly, she learned they were house keys.

D. I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts.

（3）he main feeling these children have when they are at home by themselves is _________________.

A. tiredness

B. freedom

C. loneliness

D. fear

（4）The Longs' study was mainly on _________________.

A. lonely children who have single parents

B. children whose parents are working or who have one parent only

C. children who have the problem of fear

D. parents who are working far from their homes

（5）We may draw a conclusion（结论） that _________________.

A. it's difficult to find out how many latchkey children there are

B. latchkey children try to hide their feelings

C. latchkey children often watch TV with their parents

D. latchkey children enjoy having such a large amount of time alone

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国一些“钥匙儿童”的生活情况这一社会问题。

（1）推理题。根据 their bad condition has become a subject of concern 他们的糟糕状况已经成为人们关注的话题可知，关于钥匙儿童的主要观点是他们独自一人会有问题，故选B。（2）主旨题。根据 Slowly, she learned they were house keys 可知，慢慢地，她了解到它们是房子的钥匙是第二段的主题句子，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone 可知，这些孩子独自在家时的主要感觉是害怕，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据They learned of the impact（影响）working couples and single parents were having on their children 可知，主要研究父母在工作或只有一个父母的孩子，故选B。（5）推理题。根据 It's hard to get statistics（统计数据） on latchkey children 可知，结论是很难查出有多少挂钥匙的孩子，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解

Nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. Are you one of them? Kids who regularly take care of themselves are called "latchkey kids".

This nickname got its start in the 1940s. Many men fought in the Second World War and

women had to take jobs in factories to keep the country going. With both parents away, lots of kids went back to empty houses after school. Latchkey kids wore house keys around their necks and they used the keys to open doors.

Today, it's common for both parents to work. As a result, a new generation of kids are spending some time alone after school. It becomes necessary for both parents and kids to make some rules. There are a lot of questions to talk about:

Should you call your mum, or dad as soon as you get home?

Should you do your homework first?

Can you watch TV or play computer games? If so, how long?

What can you eat if you want a snack?

Can friends come over? If so, how many?

……

As latchkey kids, knowing how to stay safe is just as important as following the family rules. Talk about the following questions with your parents:

What should you do when the phone rings?

What should you do if someone knocks at the door?

What should you do if someone breaks into the house?

What should you do if you cut yourself while cooking?

……

You may feel when you are at home alone. Don't worry. Keeping yourself busy is helpful. There are many things which can make you feel that time goes by quickly:

●Read a magazine. ●Write a n email. ●Phone a friend.

（1）Latchkey kids _________________.

A. like collecting keys

B. live with their grandparents

C. have part-time jobs in factories

D. regularly stay at home alone after school

（2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give to latchkey kids?

A. Two

B. Three

C. Four

D. Five

（3）Which of the following can be put in " "?

A. Can you have your hair cut?

B. Should you go to school on foot?

C. Can you go out? If so, where?

D. Can you ask teachers for help at school?

（4）Which of the following can be put in " "?

A. bored

B. excited

C. relaxed

D. pleased

（5）The writer probably agrees that __________.

A. there's no need to make family rules

B. latchkey kids should learn to protect themselves

C. time passes slowly when latchkey kids are busy

D. parents should never leave their kids alone at home

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了独自在家的孩子，在家时应该怎么做。

（1）细节题。根据 Nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. Are you one of them? Kids who regularly take care of themselves are called "latchkey kids 现在许多孩子放学后独自在家。你是他们中的一员吗？经常照顾自己的孩子被称为“钥匙孩子” 可知, 钥匙儿童放学后经常独自呆在家里，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 Read a magazine. ●Write an email. ●Phone a friend 阅读杂志。●写一封电子邮件。●给朋友打电话知, 作者给了钥匙儿童3个建议，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据 Can friends come over? If so, how many? ，可知你能出去吗？如果是，在哪里 Can you go out? If so, where? 适合放在横线处，都是条件状语从句的省略形式，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据 Don't worry. Keeping yourself busy is helpful. 别担心。让自己忙碌是有帮助的可知,此处是个负面情绪的形容词，A无聊的，B激动的，C放松的，D高兴的，bored 适合放在横线处，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据 As latchkey kids, knowing how to stay safe is just as important as following the family rules 作为钥匙儿童，知道如何保持安全和遵守家庭规则一样重要可知，钥匙儿童应该学会保护自己，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．阅读理解

When his mum fainted（昏厥）and knocked herself out, unconscious, four year old Henry Davies knew just what to do— thanks to a storybook.

He calmly dialled 999 and told the emergency services how to get to his home and then phoned his father.

The boy told the doctors what had happened and directed them to the house in Coundon, Coventry, and even offered the doctors a drink

When they arrived. Henry also offered to look after his 12— month old brother Noah.

His father, Iran, 35, said, "Chloe has been unwell with a high fever which has made her feel quite poorly. I left for work early at about 7:30 am and as she got up after I left she felt quite dizzy and faint. The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor and hearing Henry talking to someone. He had seen her fall and hit her head on the table, but he couldn't wake her up. So he picked up the phone and dialled 999 for an ambulance."

Chloe said, "Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency, which we've read a few times. He even put a blanket over me. The ambulance crew were amazed. We're very proud of him."

（1）How old was Henry?

A. 1.

B. 2.

C. 3.

D. 4.

（2）What was the matter with Henry's mother?

A. She fainted on the floor.

B. She was shot by a gun.

C. She was badly ill.

D. She was hurt badly.

（3）How did Henry know the knowledge of saving his mother?

A. By watching TV.

B. By reading a book.

C. His teacher taught him.

D. By WeChat.（4）The underlined words" emergency services" mean "_________" in Chinese.

A. 紧急应变机构

B. 突发事件

C. 急诊室

D. 医疗（5）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. There are 4 people in Henry's family.

B. Henry prepared a drink for the doctors.

C. Henry's father is very proud of Henry.

D. His father is 29 years old.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Henry凭借《救护人员》书上的内容，救了他的妈妈。（1）细节题。根据 four year old Henry Davies...可知，Henry4岁了，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor 可知，亨利的母亲晕倒在地板上，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency 亨利有一本故事书《救护人员》,讲述在紧急情况下该怎么做可知， Henry是通过读书知道救他母亲的知识，故选B。

（4）词义辨析题。根据He calmly dialled 999他平静地拨打了999，可知999是个紧急应变机构，故emergency services是紧急应变机构的意思，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据 His father, Iran, 35，可知他的父亲29岁是错的，故选D。

8．阅读理解

A gentleman once advertised （登广告） for a boy to help him in his office, and nearly fifty persons asked for the place. Out of the whole number he chose one in a short time, and sent all the other boys away.

"I would like to know," said a friend, "on what ground you chose that boy. He didn't even have a recommendation （推荐信） with him."

"You are mistaken," said the gentleman, "he had a great many."

"He made his shoes clean when he came in, and closed the door after him, showing that he was orderly （井然有序的）."

"He gave his seat to the disabled old man, showing that he was."

"He took off his cap when he came in. and answered my questions quickly and respectfully （恭敬地）, showing that he was polite."

"He lifted up the book which I had purposely （故意地） laid on the floor, and put it on the table, while all the others stepped over it or pushed it aside, showing that he was careful."

"And he waited quietly for his turn, instead of pushing the others aside, showing that he was modest （谦逊的）."

"When I talked with him, I noticed that his clothes were carefully brushed, his hair in nice order, and his teeth as white as milk. When he wrote his name, I noticed that his fingernails were clean, instead of having some untidy personal habits."

"Don't you call these things letters of recommendation? I do, and the things that I can discover about a boy by using my eyes for ten minutes, are worth more than all the fine letters that he can bring."

（1）Choose the RIGHT word to complete the sentence in Paragraph 5 according to the context （上下文）.

A. kind

B. smart

C. lovely

D. healthy

（2）How did the gentleman know the boy was polite?

A. He made his shoes clean when he came in.

B. He took off his cap when he came in.

C. He waited quietly for his turn.

D. His teeth and fingernails were clean.

（3）The gentleman laid the book on the floor because.

A. he used to be like this

B. he wanted to know who was orderly

C. he tried to know who had tidy personal habits

D. he wanted to test the people who asked for the job

（4）What can you learn from this passage?

A. The gentleman was a foolish man.

B. All gentlemen can choose the right person by using their eyes.

C. Good behavior （行为） and good habits are important to a person.

D. One should pay more attention to his recommendation than to his behavior.

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述的是一个男孩找工作，在众多的求职者中脱颖而出，这是因为他有着良好的行为习惯和良好的品质。

（1）词义猜测题。根据上一句 He gave his seat to the disabled old man他把座位让给了那位残疾老人，可知他是一个善良的人，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据He took off his cap when he came in，and answered my questions quickly and respectfully； showing that he was polite可知，男孩进来时脱下帽子，很快地恭

敬地回答了我的问题。所以显示出他很有礼貌，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据He lifted up the book which I had purposely （故意地） laid on the floor, and put it on the table, while all the others stepped over it or pushed it aside； showing that he was careful可知，把书放在地上的原因是要测试找工作的人们是否捡起来，故选D。

（4）理解推断题。根据and the things that I can discover a boy by using my eyes for ten minutes, is worth more than all the fine letters that he can bring. 可知从文章中我们可以了解到一个人的良好的行为习惯和良好的品质是重要的，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题和推理判断题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

9．阅读理解

I opened the door. "Where are you going, Mom?" my elder son asked me. And his little brother asked, "Can we come, too?" "I'm going for a coffee," I answered. "And no, you can't come." Then I ran away before they could say something. But the guilt（内疚的） feelings slowly went away. Being a mom is hard work. There's always something new to do to make my kids happy. Sometimes, I need to do something just for me. It teaches my kids an important lesson: I matter, too.

I know parenting articles often tell us it's OK to take time for ourselves. But it's so much harder to walk the talk. Of course, we should put ourselves first sometimes. And not just when we are sick. I'm talking about putting ourselves first in other ways. For example, tell the baby that after thirty minutes of reading to them, you are going to read your own book or eat at your favorite restaurant. These selfish moments are good ways to teach our children that we are important too. When you ask my kids "What does mom like?" They can answer with some of my interests and favorite things: reading books, watching movies, taking care of animals and them. They often see me do the things I enjoy, so they understand me and would stay with Dad. This understanding is good for our children. "She's a mom" shouldn't be the only way your child describes you. If it is, it's time to be a little selfish, Moms.

（1）Why did the woman leave her children quickly?

A. She had little time left that day.

B. She tried not to change her mind.

C. She didn't want to explain herself.

D. She had many things to do that day.

（2）What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. It's easier said than done.

B. It's harder to make a start.

C. It's harder to keep our word.

D. It's not easy to take a walk.

（3）Why do the women's kids know her favorites?

A. They have the same interests.

B. They often do things together.

C. They often see what she's doing.

D. Their dad tells them about her interests.

（4）What's the purpose of the passage? To tell Moms______________.

A. How to be a good mother at home.

B. to enjoy staying with their kids.

C. How to become a cool mom to your kids.

D. to stop always putting their kids first.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文介绍了妈妈在日常生活中，在照顾孩子的同时，应该有自己的兴趣和爱好，不应该总是把孩子放在第一位置，这样做对孩子有好处。

（1）推断题。根据 Then I ran away before they could say something. But the guilt（内疚的）feelings slowly went away.可知妈妈怕自己感到不带孩子感到内疚，会改变主意，所以很快离开，故选B。

（2）词句猜测题。根据 I know parenting articles often tell us it's OK to take time for ourselves.可知父母为自己花费些时间是可以的，下文but但是表示转折，可猜出it's so much harder to walk the talk.这句意思应该是说起来容易做起来难，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据 They often see me do the things I enjoy可知孩子知道她最喜欢的事，因为孩子经常看见她做她自己喜欢的事情，故选C。

（4）主旨题。根据文章内容，本文介绍了妈妈在日常生活中，在照顾孩子的同时，应该有自己的兴趣和爱好，不应该总是把孩子放在第一位置，这样做对孩子有好处。故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、词句猜测题、推理判断题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；词句猜测题根据前后文意思，猜测出句意；推理判断题是根据上下文，推断出所需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解

How do you get to school every day? By bus or car? Song Kexin, a 14-year-old schoolgirl in Xiamen, prefers to go to school on her bike. "It's the quickest and easiest way to get to school," she said. "When there's a traffic jam, I feel the freedom while passing so many car lines."

China was once known as the kingdom of bicycles. But these years, the popularity of bicycles in Europe is rising. Last year, more bicycles were sold than cars in Europe, according to the BBC.

Cycling is a safe, clean and cheap way to get around the city. It makes both traffic jams and pollution less, and is great for our health.

Of course, Rome wasn't built in a day. The popularity of cycling in many European countries is greatly because of bike-friendly policies.

As the traditional "cycling capital" in Northern Europe, Copenhagen's roads keep bicycles and motor cars separated（分离）as much as possible. On these roads, there are pre-green lights for cyclists. These kinds of bicycle traffic lights turn green a few seconds before car traffic lights do. They give the cyclists time to avoid traffic while they are crossing.

In Amsterdam, people can hire a bike from almost anywhere in the city. You can start from three hours and the average price for a full day is 8 euros （66.8 yuan）.

This year, in Ruian, there are also similar policies to hire public bikes. It's only 20 yuan for a full day. Do you see them around the city? It's important to be safe when you are cycling. If you remember the following ideas, you will be safer.

■Although you may think a helmet（头盔）is not cool, it can protect your head if you fall down. Just choose the one that fits you best.

■Stop at all stop signs and obey red lights just as cars do. It's a good idea to walk your bike across busy crossings by following traffic lights.

■If you are cycling with friends, ride in a line. Don't ride with each other side by side.

■Wearing headphones while you are biking is not a good idea. You need to hear what's going on around you.

（1）Which of these advantages of cycling are NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. Quick, easy and free.

B. Safe, clean and cheap.

C. Green, healthy and popular.

D. Convenient, traditional and comfortable.

（2）In Paragraph 5, the underlined word "They" refers to " ".

A. pre-green lights

B. car traffic lights

C. Copenhagen's roads

D. bike rental companies

（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Cycling is much better than driving cars.

B. It is helpful for cyclists to wear a helmet.

C. More bicycles were sold than cars in China last year.

D. In Amsterdam, the average price for a bike is 8 euros.

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A. Be Careful While Biking

B. Bike-friendly Policies Around Us

C. Bikes' Rising Popularity in Europe

D. How to Solve the Problems of Transportation

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文讲的是中国曾经是自行车王国，但是这些年欧洲人们骑自行车的人的数量正在上升，人们为什么要骑自行车和怎样骑自行车更安全。

（1）细节理解题。根据 Cycling is a safe, clean and cheap way to get around the city. But these years, the popularity of bicycles in Europe is rising. It makes both traffic jams and pollution less, and is great for our health. As the traditional "cycling capital" in Northern Europe, Copenhagen's roads keep bicycles and motor cars separated（分离）as much as possible. In Amsterdam, people can hire a bike from almost anywhere in the city. 文章提到自行车可租用，不是免费的，故选A。

（2）词意猜测题。根据 On these roads, there are pre-green lights for cyclists. These kinds of bicycle traffic lights turn green a few seconds before car traffic lights do. They give the cyclists

time to avoid traffic while they are crossing. 在这些路上，对于骑行者有优先绿灯。这些自行车的交通绿灯在机动车交通绿灯前几秒钟变绿。当骑行者穿过马路时它们给他们时间来避免交通拥堵。可知此处they指的是优先绿灯。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据 Although you may think a helmet（头盔）is not cool, it can protect your head if you fall down. 虽然你可能认为头盔不酷，如果你摔下来它能保护你的头。可知戴头盔有用。故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。这篇短文讲的是现在自行车为什么在欧洲很受欢迎。故选C。

【点评】此题考查阅读理解。解答细节理解题时，常用定位法，根据题干和选项中的关键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案。推理判断题既要透过文章表面文字推测文章隐含意思，又要根据作者的态度、意图和文章细节的发展作正确的推理判断，不要固守自己的观点和看法，对于主旨大意题，要根据文章的中心思想确定。

11．阅读理解

Some people bring out the best in you in a way that you might never have fully realized on your own. My mother was one of those people.

My father died when I was one year-old. While I was growing up, we led a very hard life, but my mom gave me a lot of love. Bach night, she seated me on her lap and, spoke the words that would change my life," Kemmons, you are sure to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it."

At fourteen, I was hit by a car and the doctors said that I would never walk again. Every might my mother spoke to me in her gentle, loving voice, telling me whatever those doctors said, I could walk again if I wanted to. She drove that message so deep into my heart that I finally believed her. A year later, I walked on my own to school!

When the Great Depression broke out, my mother lost her job. Then I left school to support the two of us. At that moment I decided never to be poor again.

Over the years, I experienced a lot of business success. But the real turning point happened on a vacation I took with my wife and five kids in 1951. I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was very angry, that they charged an extra $2 for each child. That was too expensive for an ordinary American family. I told my wife that I was going to open a motel （汽车旅馆） for families that would never charge extra money for children. Many people did not believe me at that time.

Not surprisingly, mom was my strongest supporter. As in any business, I experienced a lot of difficulties. But with my mom's words in my heart, I never doubted I would succeed. Fifteen years

later, I had the largest hotel system in the world- Holiday Inn. In 1979 my company had 1,759 inns in more than fifty countries with an income of $I billion a year.

You may not have started out life in the best situations. But if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you.

（1）What Kemmons's mom often told him during his childhood was .

A. boring

B. tiring

C. encouraging

D. interesting

（2）What caused Kemmons to start a motel by himself?

A. His mom's support.

B. His wife's suggestion.

C. The poor condition of his family.

D. His terrible experience in the hotel.

（3）Which of the following best describes Kemmons's mother?

A. Serious and hard- working.

B. Loving and supportive.

C. Strict and humorous.

D. Careful and strong-willed.

（4）What led to Kemmons's success according to the passage? Why?（请用约40词回答）. 【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）His mom's encouragement, clear goals, self-confidence and hard work. Because his mom's encouragement made him believe in himself. And if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you.

【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了作者的母亲是如何对自己进行教导和鼓励的。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段"Kemmons, you are sure to be a great man and you can do anything in life if you work hard enough to get it."Kemmons，你一定会成为一个伟大的人，如果你努力工作，你可以做到任何事情，可知妈妈的话是鼓舞人的，encouraging鼓舞人的，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第五段I was dissatisfied with the second-class hotels available for families and was very angry, that they charged an extra $2 for each child.I told my wife that I was going to open a motel for families that would never charge extra money for children，我对家庭可住的二级旅馆不满意，而且很生气，因为一个孩子多收两美元，我告诉我妻子，我要开一家不给孩子额外收费的家庭住的汽车旅馆，可知是由于在旅馆的糟糕的经历导致他决定自己开汽车旅馆，故选D。

（3）推理判断题。通过通读全文可知作者的妈妈是深爱孩子的，并且根据第六段mom was my strongest supporter，妈妈是我最强大的支持者，可知作者的妈妈一直都在鼓励、支持他，故选B。

（4）综合分析题。通过通读全文可知作者讲述了妈妈的鼓励对自己成功的影响；根据文章第四段At that moment I decided never to be poor again，在那时我就决定绝不要再贫穷了，可知他是有明确目标的人；最后一句话But if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you，可知作者的成功也有自己的自信和努力；原因是第六段But with my mom's words in my heart, I never doubted I would succeed但我心里有妈妈的话，我从不怀疑我会成功，和第七段But if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you但如果你在生活中找到了一个值得为之工作的任务，并相信

自己，没有什么能阻止你，故答案为His mom's encouragement, clear goals, self-confidence and hard work. Because his mom's encouragement made him believe in himself. And if you find a task in life worth working for and believe in yourself, nothing can stop you.

【点评】考查阅读理解，注意理解文章大意，读懂题目，去文章寻找关键词。

12．阅读理解

A zero-waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish. So, a zero-waste store is about providing a kind of everyday and pleasant-looking zero-waste products to help people start on a zero-waste life journey.

"Zero waste" or "danshari" was first suggested by a French woman called Bea Johnson. Her idea is: live a life and try not to create any rubbish; use different kinds of ways to save the environment such as stopping the use of one-off objects; giving unwanted things to others or giving them away to organizations like the Red Cross.

Yu Yuan, 27, is deeply interested in this idea. She and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years. And earlier she used to buy things without thinking about them carefully until she saw a video about "zero waste", in which a family of four placed the rubbish they produced every year in a jar （罐）. After watching the video, Yu wanted to experience this zero-waste lifestyle with her boyfriend.

A zero-waste life follows the 6R rule-Refuse Reduce, Reuse, Repair, Recycle and Rot. Over August-October when Yu followed the rule of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish.

Now, the couple have opened a small shop in Beijing, where they use wood products to take the place of plastic ones and cloth bags printed with environmentally friendly logos（环保标志）. Most products sold in the store can be reused. The store also has second-hand books and CDs/DVDs with, ideas to make the best of the used things.

"Those who once experienced the non-waste lifestyle have slowly changed their ideas," says Ya, "The zero-waste lifestyle is not for ascetics （苦行僧）. It is just around us at our finger-tips." Yu expects some of her friends to join her on the road to zero waste.

（1）Bea Johnson suggests that people should ________.

A. try to produce no rubbish in life

B. share objects with others

C. help their friends live comfortably

D. work hard for the Red Cross

（2）We can see from the passage that Yu Yuan ________.

A. offers plastic bags in her store

B. is influenced （影响） by the 6R rule

C. often buys things she doesn't need

D. likes listening to CDs very much

（3）What Yu Yuan says in the last paragraph probably means that ________.

A. lots of people doubt the zero-waste lifestyle

B. she feels it hard to continue her lifestyle

C. her friends have followed her lifestyle

D. the zero-waste lifestyle is not difficult to live

（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. Opening up a second-hand store

B. Recycling （回收） waste

C. Saving the environment

D. Joining the couple

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文主要是倡导零浪费生活方式。

（1）细节题。根据 Her idea is: live a life and try not to create any rubbish ，可知他建议人们应该尽量不要在生活中制造垃圾，故选A。

（2）推理题。根据 Over August-October when Yu followed the rule of zero waste 6R, she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both produced only two cans of rubbish 当余遵循零浪费6R规则时，她和男友乔·哈维只生产了两罐垃圾，可知从这篇文章中我们可以看出她受6r规则影响，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据 Those who once experienced the non-waste lifestyle have slowly changed their ideas,那些曾经体验过非浪费生活方式的人已经慢慢改变了他们的想法，可知能改变说明完全可以这样生活，故余源在最后一段所说的可能意味着零浪费的生活方式并不难过，故选D。

（4）主旨题。根据本文主要是倡导零浪费生活方式，倡导环保，可知Saving the environment适合做标题，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读理解

The other day, I got into a car accident, which was clearly not my fault. The other driver was so busy on his phone that he went right through a red light and hit my car.

A traffic policeman arrived and started taking statements. I explained that my speed was about

55 km/h. "So you were going about 50 km/h, my lady?" he asked. "No, I said I was going about 55 km,/h," I said. "Right, so you were driving at a speed of about 50 km/h?" he asked again.

I was a little annoyed because I felt he wasn't listening to me carefully. So I shouted, "No! I was going about 55 km/h."

"OK, if that's the way you want it," the officer simply replied. Because the city speed limit is 50 km/h, I only got paid from my insurance （保险） company for the damage to my car, but the other driver's insurance company couldn't pay me due to my speed. I didn't realize it at the time, but it turned out I was getting him wrong.

He didn't mention the 5 km/h, but he certainly knew something about the rules of the insurance. Suddenly, I realized that the traffic policeman had been trying to help me out.

（1）The best expression to explain the main idea of the passage is.

A. the more slowly, the better

B. a careless woman driver

C. a traffic policeman tried to offer help

D. no lies to anybody else

（2）What happened to the writer that day?

A. She went right through a red light.

B. A traffic policeman came near to stop her.

C. She made a call while she was driving.

D. Her car was hit by another car.

（3）Why couldn't the other driver's insurance company pay the writer?

A. Because the traffic policeman had recorded the wrong speed

B. Because she drove the car over the speed limit.

C. Because the other driver didn't admit to the car accident.

D. Because the accident was the writer's fault.

（4）Although it was her choice to insist on telling the truth, the writer ______.

A. understood that it was impolite to be angry with others

B. would not believe anybody else except herself

C. remembered the exact rules of insurance for ever

D. should say "thank you" to the traffic policeman instead of acting rudely

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：讲述了“我”曾经发生的一起交通事故，事故中由于“我”超速没有得到全额赔偿，我后悔当时没有理解交警的用意并且对他有些粗鲁。

（1）主旨大意题。根据最后一段最后一句“Suddenly, I realized that the traffic policeman had been trying to help me out.”可知，我意识到交警是在试图帮助我，故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“The other driver was so busy on his phone that he went right through a red light and hit my car.”可知，作者的车被另一辆车撞了，故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据文中语句“Because the city speed limit is 50 km/h... but the other driver's insurance company couldn’t pay me due to my speed.”以及上文“I explained that my speed was about 55 km/h.”可知，因为作者超速，另一个司机的保险公司没有赔付，故选B。

（4）推理判断题。根据文中语句“...but it turned out I was getting him wrong.”并联系上文推理可知，保险的赔付让作者明白自己错怪了交警，应对他表示感谢，而不是之前的粗鲁行为，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

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