高三英语语法复习课---虚拟语气说课稿与教案
高三英语语法复习课---虚拟语气说课稿与教案
高三英语陈素虹
教学设计理念:
英语教学是一种动态教学，教学过程是交际活动过程。只有从组织教学活动入手，大量地进行语言实践，使英语课堂交际化，才能有效地培养学生运用英语进行交际的能力。新课标提出：“外国语是学习文化科学知识，获取世界各方面信息和进行国际交往的重要工具。”和“发展听、说、读、写的基本技能，提高初步运用英语进行交际的能力，……”。Ellis(2002, Studies in the Second language Acquisition)指出，教师应为学生提供足够的可理解性输入，指导学生观察和留意语篇中包含的目标语法特征，并作归纳、总结，然后练习使用。本人结合区级研究课题“高中英语任务型课堂教学课题”的实施和本班学生的实际，对高三语法复习课---虚拟语气进行了操作性较强的处理。
一、教材分析：
本课是结合外研社高中英语教材选修6中有关虚拟语气的语法内容，进行高三英语语法---虚拟语气的复习，我在教学中将语法知识的传授和语言基本技能的学习结合到一起，注重复习语法与语言的运用。采用任务型教学法和小组合作探究学习法，从而扩大课堂的语言输入量及学生的语言输出量。
二、学情分析：
在高一和高二两年英语学习的基础上，高三学生已经掌握了基本的语言结构和一定程度的听说读写能力。在高三语法复习的过程中，结合学生原有的知识掌握水平，巩固基础强化正确使用语法知识，提高学生运用语言的深度和难度，为高考和大学的进一步学习研究打下坚实的基础。但大部分学生的基础知识仍然较为薄弱，运用英语进行交际活动的能力较差，主动学习的动力不够，然而他们学习比较认真，好胜心强，渴望在班集体里得到他人的承认，很在乎别人对他们的评价，求知欲旺盛，思维比较活跃。部分学生的基础较好，能主动配合老师，愿意开口讲。他们有着高中生独立、爱表现自我的特点。因此，只有设置使他们感兴趣的活动，因材施教，才能让他们投入到课堂活动中来。
三、教学重点:
1.把握本课复习的重点---语法虚拟语气的句型结构
2.语法虚拟语气的运用
四、教学难点:
1.结合复习的语法知识，以课堂教学为依托，全面训练学生的听、说、读、写能力，
加强和提高运用英语的综合能力。
2.虚拟语气在真实的生活语境中的使用。
五、教学目标:
1.知识目标:
引导学生准确把握情态动词在虚拟语气之中的使用。根据该语法规律解决实际问题。
重语境，探语义，培养学生通读，分析，理解，综合的能力，教会学生体察语境，结
合上下文，附和逻辑推理和合理的想象，依靠语法但不拘泥于语法，结合语法和题干
中的语境解决高考题。在运用语言的过程中培养学生的观察力、分析力、想象力和自
学能力，帮助学生加强记忆力，提高思维能力和运用英语的综合能力，激发创造能力。
2.能力目标：
利用多媒体手段营造积极和谐教学氛围，使学生不自觉地进入情景之中，充分调动学
生的思维活动和情感体验，规范学生运用英语知识准确表达的能力，同时，发展学生
综合语言运用的能力，着重提高学生获取信息，处理信息，分析问题和解决问题的能力，培养学生自主学习。
3.德育目标：
用情态动词和虚拟语气的句子结构表达思想感情和正确的世界观、人生观。形成健全
的情感态度，为未来发展和终身学习奠定好的基础。
六、教学策略:
高中阶段是个体探索自我、发现自我、表现自我、塑造自我、完善自我的重要时期，
高中生的认识能力比初中普遍提高，自我意识进一步发展，独立意识等均有明显提高，通过活动课、小组讨论等具体形式，特别是创设有利于高中生自己自我认识、自我反省、自我调节的情境，利用他们自身较高的自我意识水平对自己的学习进行调节、监控。因此，本课我主要采用教学方法---任务型教学法：任务型教学法是让学生在课堂
活动中获得知识。任务完成的过程，就是一个知识转化的过程。它应具备以下特点：（1）以任务为中心，而不是以操练语言形式为目的。（2）任务的设计焦点应该是解
决某一具体的贴近学生生活的问题。在任务型语言教学中，教师要从学生“学”的角度
来设计教学活动，使学生的学习活动具有明确的目标，并构成一个有梯度的连续活动。在教师精心设计的各种“任务”中，学生能够不断地获得知识并得出结论，从注重语言
本身转变为注重语言习得。
七、学习策略:
非测试性评价体现新课程标准的实施效果，评价体系“正确反映外语学习的本质和过程，满足学生发展的需要。” 为了达到这一目标，本课我将各种活动设计成小组活动并开展小组竞赛和填写课堂自我评价表等非测试性评价手段，帮助学生养成自主学习与合作
学习的能力，培养创新意识和实践能力，以及具备科学的价值观。
八、教学用具：
黑板、录音机、多媒体辅助（将本课所需要的图片、文字、音乐等制成PPT课件）
九、教学设计:
1. 总体思路
笔者将本节课的主要内容分为 Warming up（热身） Presentation（导入） Revision （语法复习） Consolidation （知识巩固）以及Writing（写作应用）。其中热身及导
入部分相结合，由欣赏名篇名句入手，再进行英文诗歌朗诵比赛活动，旨在让学生处
于兴奋的状态，是学生通过听、说、读等活动熟悉学习的主题。学习的主体环节由复习、巩固和实际应用三个环节构成，所设计的问题精心挑选，学习活动层层深入，着
眼于提高学生对语法知识的运用能力。
同时，利用非测试评价手段，提高学生的课堂活动的参与度。运用教学内容，培养学
生珍惜时间、珍爱生命的积极人生态度。
2. 教学过程
Step1 Warming up（5 minutes）Discuss about the pictures together , and express their ideas freely . Such as, What would you do now, if you lost your vision or other valuable things ? You wish……
设计说明：
1. 教师首先展示美国聋哑女作家海伦·凯勒的影片图片和主要作品，然后请学生阅读
以下片段：假如给我三天光明（节选）请学生思考一下这个问题：假如你只有三天的
光明，你将如何使用你的眼睛？想到三天后，太阳再也不会在你的眼前升起，你又将
如何度过你那宝贵的三日？你又会让你的眼睛停留在何处？教师通过多媒体呈现图片，目的是快速吸引学生的注意力，并激发起好奇心。
2.学习是学生在新知识与已有知识之间建立联系的过程。利用新颖和形象的图片导入，有利于学生积极参与教学活动，进行讨论和对话活动。然后通过人物介绍，帮助学生
学会珍惜拥有，学会生活，并为下一活动做好铺垫。
Step2 Presentation （8 minutes）
Hold an English poem recital competition.
Task1：Divide the whole class into a number of groups. Each group asks one student to act as the competitor with music
Living life over
If I had my life live over I would have talked less and listened more
I would have invited my friend over to dinner even if the carpet was strained and the sofa faded
I would have taken the time to listen to my grandfather ramble about his youth…
I would never have insisted the car windows be rolled up in the summer day because my hair had just been teased and sprayed. I would have burned the pinked candle sculpted like a rose before it melted into storage
I would have sat on the lawn with my children and not worried about the grass strains
I would have cried and laughed less while watching television---and more while watching life
I would have gone to bed when I was sick instead of pretending the earth would go into a holding patter if I were not there for the day.
I would never have bought anything just because it was practical would not show soil or was guaran teed to last life time. There would have been more “I love you”…… more “I am sorry”……but mostly ,given another shorts at life ,I would seize every minute…look at it and really see it ……live it ……and never give it back.
（译文:如果时间倒流，我会少说多听。我会请朋友来家里吃饭，即使地毯脏了，沙发褪色了。我会抽时间听祖父唠叨他的青年时代。我不会因为刚刚把头发梳理定型而要求夏天关上车窗。我会点燃那支雕成玫瑰状的蜡烛，而不会让它在尘封中融化。我会与孩子们坐在草地上，不去担心草地上的污渍。我会把泪水和笑声更多得留给观察人生，而不是看电视。如果生病了，我会卧床休息，而不是自认为没有我，地球就不转了。我不会买那些仅仅是实用或者不显脏或者保证能用一生的东西。我会更多地说，“我爱你”…… “对不起”……然而，最重要的是，如果有来生，我会抓住每一秒，看人生……体验人生……再也不放手。）
Task2：Choose the best group that read the poem with their deepest feeling.
评价工具（选票）：
Name /Title /Score/Correctness /Rhythm /Feelings /Translation /Language
设计说明：
1.用配乐英文诗歌朗诵的方式导入语法---虚拟语气的学习。该诗歌几乎每句都使用虚
拟语气来表达思想，传递情感。让学生在美的体验和欣赏中收获知识。
2.任务型活动：课题的引入采用诗歌朗诵竞赛的形式，学生小组活动，包括对英文诗
歌进行翻译，激发参与学习过程的热情和竞争意识。引导学生欣赏诗歌，尝试翻译，
并学习体验诗歌朗诵的美感。最后由全体同学对各组参与代表投票进行非测试性评价。引起学生对情态动词用法的注意，又为下面语法结构的复习做铺垫。
Step3 Revision（6 minutes）
Firstly，ask the students to answer the questions in groups to summarize the basic structure of the grammar . And then find out how to use the grammar correctly.
1. If there _______ (be) no computer, the students _______(learn) much now.
2. If there _______ (not be) the war, people _______(live) a happier life in the future.
3. If you ________ (come) yesterday, you _______ (see) Jackie Chen.
4. If you________ (attend) the concert , your oral English ________(become) better now.
5. But for the PLA, people _______ (suffer) a lot in the earthquake .
设计说明：
1.研究《新课程标准》对语法项目范围的界定。教师在进行语法教学的过程中把握好
教学内容和教学范围的度, 适应高三复习的需要，加强语法教学的交际性，科学性和可操作性。
2.合作学习活动，学生在活动中运用语言，调动起学生的认知结构和主体意识。学生
思维活跃，记忆就会更深刻。同时，教师把语法规则活化为活动，把教学活动活化为
交际活动。设计巧妙、难度适宜的分组竞答游戏活动，激发学生的参与意识。
Step4 Consolidation(5minutes)
Give the students some examples that have been used in the Tianjin College Entrance Examination, which can promote the students to prepare for the examinations from the bottom of their hearts.
2007年天津卷单项填空：
13. If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what ______ in science and technology.
A. had discovered
B. had been discovered
C. has discovered
D. has been discovered
2009年天津卷单项填空：
15. This printer is of good quality. If it ______ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. would
B. should
C. could
D. might
2010年天津卷单项填空：
15. --- John went to the hospital alone.
--- If he ____ me about it, I would have gone with him.
A. should tell
B. tells
C. told
D. had told
设计说明：
以天津卷的高考真题为例，引导学生体验高考，提升能力。通过课堂测试进行反馈，进而了解学生的掌握情况，以学生的为本，注意个体差异，因材施教。学生成功解决了高考题，会获得成就感和自豪感，为进一步学以致用做好心理准备。
Step5 Writing （20 minutes）
How to express true feelings with the help of the grammar. And ask the students to say and write down their ideas in English.
Task1: Summarize the grammar with the students and write down what they said on the blackboard. (3 minutes)
1. If…did/were , …would/could/should/might do…
2.If …had done , …would/could/should/might have done…
3.If…did/ were to/should do ,…would/could/should/might do…
Task 2: Discuss the sentences in groups and encourage the students to express their feelings in English as follows(4 minutes):
1.我现在有些后悔把本该用在学习上的时间浪费在玩电脑游戏上了。
I regret wasting the time which I should have spent on my studies playing computer games.
2.英语本该是我擅长的学科，但我在上面投入的时间和精力都太少了。
I could have been good at English, but I devoted too little time and energy to it.
3.如果我两年前像现在一样用功，现在我的成绩就会令人满意的多。
If I had worked two years ago as hard as I do now, my grades would be much more satisfactory now.
Task 3: Broaden their horizon to use the grammar in some other different ways , discuss their ideas and write the answers on the blackboard.( 6minutes)
1.我的老师建议我制定学习计划并认真的执行。
(1) My teacher suggests that I should make a study plan and carry it out very seriously.
(2)It is suggested that I should make…
(3)My teacher’s suggestion is that I should make…
(4)My teacher has made the suggestion that I shou ld make…
2.现在，我学习起来好像永不疲倦一样。我相信，坚持不懈和决心会助我成功。
At present, I am learning as if I were never tired.
I believe that my perseverance and determination will lead to my success.
Task 4: Encourage the students to collect the main ideas to form a good composition，the students can cooperate to finish the task, as follows(7 minutes)：
It will be a few months before we take the College Entrance Examination. And I should be devoted to my studies. Now I regret wasting the time which I should have spent on my studies playing computer games. I could have been good at English, but I devoted too little time and energy to it. In my view, if I had worked two years ago as hard as I do now, my grades would be much more satisfactory now. As a result, My teacher suggests that I should make a study plan and carry it out very seriously. Believe it or not, I got a high mark at the exam, which encourage me a lot . At present, I am learning as if I were never tired. I believe that my perseverance and determination will lead to my success.
设计说明：
1. 让学生围绕该话题展开讨论，以确认可以使用虚拟语气的地方。课堂教学过程中，
注重“精讲精练，以练为主；点到为止，注重运用”。
2. 在学生找到可使用的句子之后，鼓励学生灵活运用多种虚拟语气的表达方式对语言
进行深层次的句法处理，即连句成文，实现语言的真正输出，并对学生的学习效果通
过幻灯片及时进行反馈。调动学生参与课堂学习活动的热情，增强面对高考的自信。
学生既体验了进步和成功，又扎实和巩固了语言基础知识，通过语境设计对话完成语
言的输出活动。
Step5 Assignment（1 minute）
1. Oral practice---summarize the grammar and talk about where and how we can use it.(口语练习)
2. Ask the students to finish the composition we have talked about or write a composition about your dream that can hardly be realized in your daily life , such as walking in the space , living under the sea , making a journey in 3000 and so on . Motivate the students to use the grammar “the subjunctive mood” to organize the sentences and form the composition.(写作训练)
小组课堂评价表（课后完成）非测试性评价：小组互评，了解学生的学习情感、策略，由组长负责，组织小组反思，填写下表（以5分制计），并存入学习档案。
姓名 /分数/小组合作工作量 /组内活动创意 /班级活动/参与情况 /回答问题个数 /参与
活动进步情况
设计说明：
1.结合学生所学的语法知识和实际情况，分组进行口头表达活动，畅谈自己对未来生
活的遐想。在教学过程中，帮助和鼓励学生从中获得知识的理解、掌握和运用，激发
学生的学习主动性和积极性，使学生变被动为主动，变浅层次的参与为深层次的参与，达到学以致用的功效。
2.任务型活动：课外作业是课堂教学活动的延伸，学生可以互相合作完成该写作任务。该环节是本课所有教学环节的延续，通过写作的练习，使学生逐步学会运用语法知识，讨论自己感兴趣的话题，表达自己的思想，达到形成和提高写作能力与技巧的目的，
完成学习的任务。让学生在反复接触和运用语言的过程中逐步体会和感知语言的规律性，从而使学生的语法知识内化成语言能力。
Blackboard design (板书设计)
Revision--- the subjunctive mood
1…did/were , …would/could/should/might do…
2…had done , …would/could/should/might have done…
3…did/ were to/should do ,…would/could/should/might do…
If /but for
Reflection after teaching（教学反思）
本节课我通过不同的任务设置，让学生在小组活动中通过合作和探究来完成各个任务。新教材要求教师改变单纯进行语法教学的方式，将语言的形式与其意义、交际功能有
机的结合起来，通过在实际的语言运用中内化语言规则，从而使学生达到能准确运用
语言进行有效交际的目的。但是，在农村大多数学生离开课堂之后并没有多少听说英
语的练习机会，他们十分缺少环境英语的反复刺激。导致学生的语言基础不扎实，在
表达自己的看法和用英语进行讨论时，不时有学生夹杂着汉语，或有的学生不敢大胆
说出自己的看法，欲言又止。所以在学生进行小组活动时，应尽量给学生更多的帮助，主动了解学生的语言困难。
总之, 学生在有限的课堂中学到的知识毕竟有限，我们要让他们掌握语言的同时，将课堂学到的知识内化为能力，继而实现语言学习并运用的目的。同时，运用写作引导学
生体验语言的用法，提升学生的能力。
(完整版)高三英语语法填空专项训练(含答案解析)
高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.
高考英语-语法填空-专项训练-动词的时态语态
语法填空专项训练---时态语态 一、单句填空：用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. The house belongs to my aunt but she ____________ (not live) here any more. (全国I) 2. This machine _______________ (not work). It hasn’t worked for years. (浙江) 3. If their marketing plans succeed, they________________ (increase) their sales by 20 percent. (全国Ⅱ) 4. Population experts predict that most people ___________(live) in cities in the near future. (上海春) 5. He __________(play) football regularly for many years when he was young. (天津) 6. -- Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? -- Yes, since she _________(join) the Chinese Society. (宁夏) 7. Teenagers ____________(damage) their health because they play computer games too much. (重庆) 8. I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother __________ (talk) on the phone all the time! (湖南) 9. John promised his doctor he _____________ (not smoke), and he has smoked ever since. (北京) 10. By this time tomorrow, I_____________ (lie) on the beach 11. So far this year we _________ (see) a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent. (福建) 12. The hotel wasn’t particularly good. But I ____________(stay) in many worse hotels. (北京) 13. We first met on a train in 2000. We both felt immediately that we ____________ (know) each other for years. (辽宁) 14. -- I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final. -- I think so. He _____________________ (prepare) for it for months. (江苏) 15. The telephone ________________ (ring), but by the time I got indoors, it stopped. (四川) 16. --Did you go to the show last night?
(完整)高中英语语法填空20篇
（1） In the United States, there were 222 people ____1____ (report) to be billionaires(亿万富翁) in 2003. The ____2_____ of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money ____3____ starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old _____4____ he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire _____5___ the time he was 31. ____6____, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even ____7____ (young) ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. ____8____ of these child actors made over a million dollars ___9____ (act) in movies before they were 14. But ___10___ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und T axis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited (继承) a billion dollars when he turned 18! (2) Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car ____1_____ (steal) .They filed a report____2____ the police station and a detective drove them ____3____ to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their ____4____ (amaze), the car had been returned ___5____ there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the ____6_____. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets ____7____ tonight's Mania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended ____8____ concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found ____9______their house had been ransacked (洗劫). On the bathroom mirror was ____10_____ note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” (3) People _____1___ (live) in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred _____2_____ in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four ___3___ five hundred thousand words. But we do not need ____4____ these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. ____5_____ you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more. The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary ______6___ (big). Read as many books as we can. There are a lot of books _____7____ (write) in easy English. You will enjoy them. When you meet _____8____ new word, look it ____9_____ in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your _____10_____ (much) useful book. (4) When you are in England you must be very careful in the streets ____1_____ the traffic drives on the left. Before you cross a street you must look to the right first _____2____ then the left. In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come from ____3____, the streets are very busy. Traffic is most ____4___ (danger) then. When you go by bus in England, you have to be careful, ____5____. Always
高三年级英语语法-虚拟语气全总结
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句 在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。否定句时not留在原来位置不变。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句 常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars)
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
2019年高考英语语法填空专题复习(含答案)
2019年高考英语语法填空实战模拟 (名师精剖析解题技巧与方法+实战练习，值得下载练习) 篇一:语法填空答题技巧 {} 语法填空解题流程 {} 语法填空答题技巧 形式一有提示词类 (一)提供动词类 当设空处提供动词原形，设空处一般考查动词的时态、语态、非谓语动词或 词类转化。其解题步骤为： 全国Ⅰ]But for tourists like me，pandas are its top __61__(attract)．[典例1][2016· [剖析]考查名词。句意：对于像我一样的游客，大熊猫是最大的吸引。形容词 top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。故填attraction。 [典例2][2016· 全国Ⅰ]My ambassadorial duties will include __67__(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
[剖析]include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。故填introducing。 全国Ⅱ]Leaving the less important things until tomorrow __63__ [典例3][2016· (be) often acceptable. [剖析]分析句子结构可知，动名词短语Leaving the less...until tomorrow作主语，故63处应为谓语动词且应用单数形式。故填is。 (二)词性转换类 词性转换多以派生词变化为主，如：形容词与副词间的相互转化形容词与名 词间的相互转化；形容词与动词间的相互转化；动词与名词间的相互转化等。其 解题步骤为： 全国Ⅰ]The title will be __63__(official)given to me at a ceremony [典例1][2016· in London. [剖析]考查副词。修饰动词应用副词形式。应填officially。 全国Ⅱ]Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a [典例2][2016· real sense of __62__ (achieve)． [剖析]考查名词。介词of后应用名词作宾语。故填achievement。 特别提醒：1.括号中所给词为形容词或副词时，也有可能是考查其比较等级。 [典例1]The__68__(hard) you try to beat him，the more likely you will get hit.He controls you! [剖析]分析句子结构以及根据句意可知，此处为“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构，表示“越……，就越……”，故答案为harder。 2．括号中所给词为名词时，有可能不是考查词性转换，而是考查单复数。 [典例2]．..for most of us the __69__(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work，like cleaning up a polluted river. [剖析]由定冠词the可知，此处应填名词，由谓语动词are和require可知此处 应用复数形式changes。 3．有个别空可能是词义转换题，词性不一定要变，主要是考查与词根意义相 反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-等，在词根
高中英语语法(虚拟语气)
Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解 【知识要点】 语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语有三种语气： ＊直陈语气（indicative mood）---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. ＊祈使语气（imperative mood）---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. ＊虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 假设类型条件从句谓语 动词形式 主语谓语 动词形式 与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形 与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词 与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1）If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night． 2）If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would recover already．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did，had，should 移到句 首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。 1）Had we time to spare，we would be glad to go to the park． 2）Were it not for the discovery of electricity，the modern world would experience great inconvenience． 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without， but for等）引出的短语、分词 （如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1）But for your advice，I would not be able to do this work． 2）Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened，otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark．。
(完整)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解
高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气 1. 语气的定义和种类 （1）语气的定义 语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。 （2）语气的种类 A. 陈述语气 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 We are not ready. Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day today！ B. 祈使语气 表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。 Be careful. Don’t forget to clo se the window. Open the door, please. C. 虚拟语气 表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 2. 虚拟语气 一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用 学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。如： If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。 虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。 如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。 （事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。 （事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。） 2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+ have ＋过去分词。 如：She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.
高三英语语法专题总结
高三语法专题总结 序号课题课时教学要求 冠词 3 1.熟知冠词的基本用法、习语和固定搭配 2.掌握冠词的一些灵活用法和特殊用法 1.冠词的基本用法 1 冠词的泛指、特指、类指、专指 2.冠词的习惯用法 1 1.定冠词的习惯用法 2.不定冠词的习惯用法 3.零冠词的习惯用法 3.冠词的活用 1 1.被具体化的抽象名词前的冠词用法 2.被普通化的专有名词前的冠词用法 3.形容词比较级、最高级和序数词前的冠词活用 高考重点冠词的基本用法及冠词的习惯用法 高考难点冠词的活用 专题二代词 3 熟练掌握不定代词、反身代词、指示代词、人称代词 以及it的灵活运用 1、不定代词 1 1、both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法 2、one，ones, the one,that,those的用法 3、one，another, the other, some ,others, the others的用法 4、复合不定代词及其他不定代词 2、反身代词 1 1、反身代词的基本用法 2、与反身代词构成的介词短语 3、与反身代词构成的动词短语 3、指示代词、人称代词和it的用法1 1、指示代词、人称代词的基本用法 2、It的用法 高考难点语境的真实性和复杂性、语义较丰语法复杂的不定代词的考查 专题三形容词和副词 2 了解形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法及常用句 型 1、形容词、副词的基 1 1、形容词、副词比较等级的基本用法
本用法2、对形容词、副词顺序的考查 2、形容词、副词的辨 析 1 在语境中学会形容词副词的用法 高考难点对于形容词副词比较等级的考查倾向于“淡化语法，注重深层语义的特点” 专题四语义辨析（名词、介词 及介词短语）3 1、在真实语境中能恰当的使用意义相近的介词，掌 握表示时间及空间的介词的用法 2、在语境中能恰当的使用介词的一些习惯用法和 介词与名词的固定搭配 1、名词辨析 1 1、名词的数和名词所有格的用法 2、名词的句法功能，尤其是名词作定语的用法 2、介词辨析 1 1、表示方位的介词 2、表示时间的介词 3、表示工具、手段、方式的介词 4、表原因、目的的介词 5、易混介词辨析 3.介词短语解析 1 1、与名词构成的介词短语 2、与某些形容词固定搭配的介词 高考难点介词短语的辨析，题干结构复杂 专题五动词和动词词组 2 1、掌握动词的及物和不及物性 2、掌握被动形式中英汉表达的不同 3、掌握感官动词作系动词：feel/look/sound 1、动词辨析 1 考纲中出现的动词及动词辨析 2、动词词组辨析 1 考纲中动词词组及辨析 高考难点同义词及词组辨析 专题六动词的时态及语态 2 1.建立“时”和“体”的概念 2.掌握一般将来时的各种形式及区别 3.掌握易混时态的用法：一般过去时和现在完成时 的区别 4.掌握各种时态的被动语态形式
2011-2017高考英语语法填空真题及答案
历年高考语法填空真题 1. （2017全国Ⅰ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 2. （2017全国Ⅱ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day. Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 3. （2017全国Ⅲ）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 ________ (rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 __________ model in New Y ork. Sarah 63 __________ (tell) that she could be Britain?s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65_________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66_________ (educate). She has turned down several 67_______ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a