2016-2017高三第一次英语摸底考试(新课标全国卷)

2016-2017高三第一次摸底考试（新课标全国卷）

英语

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

“The whole show is dreadful,” she cried coming out of the menagerie（动物展览馆）of M. Martin. She had just been looking at that daring speculator “working with his hyena,”— to speak in the style of the programme.

“By what means,” she continued, “can he have tamed these animals to such a point as to be certain of their affection for —”

“What seems to you a problem,” said I, interrupting, “is really quite natural.”

“Oh!” she cried, letting an incredulous smile wander over her lips.

“You think that beasts are wholly without passions?” I aske d her.

“Quite the reverse; we can communicate to them all the vices arising in our own state of civilization.”

She looked at me with an air of astonishment.

“But,” I continued, “the first time I saw M. Martin, I admit, like you, I did give vent to an exclamation of surprise. I found myself next to an old soldier with the right leg amputated, who had come in with me. His face had struck me. He was without doubt one of those troopers who are surprised at nothing, who find matter for laughter in the contortions of a dying comrade, who bury or plunder him quite light-heartedly, who stand intrepidly（无畏地）in the way of bullets;—in fact, one of those men who waste no time in deliberation, and would not hesitate to make friends with the devil himself. After looking very attentively at the proprietor of the menagerie getting out of his box, my companion pursed up his lips with an air of mockery and contempt, with that peculiar and expressive twist which superior people assume to show they are not taken in. Then, when I was expatiating on（谈论）the courage of M. Martin, he

smiled, shook his head knowingly, and said, …Well known. ?

21. Which one has the same meaning as the underlined word “vice(s)” on the sixth paragraph?

A. You know me better than others，vice versa.

B. Lewdness is the worst of all vices.

C. He didn?t tell the cause and effect relationship to the vice premier.

D. She held her money as firmly as an iron vice could have held her.

22. What can we learn from the passage about M. Martin?

A. He was an old man with one leg.

B. He never lied to others.

C. He was the proprietor of the menagerie.

D. He was actually afraid of his hyena.

23. Why does the author start the article with a unidentified woman?

A. Because she is the leading character in this article.

B. To catch the readers? attention.

C. To draw forth the following context.

D. Because there is no point in introducing her.

24. Who finally said “Well known”?

A. “She”

B. The old soldier

C.M. Martin

D. The daring speculator

B

The mysterious human ancestor called Homo naledi(纳莱迪人)was primed for success in a prehistoric triathlon, new research shows—if the challenges were walking upright, climbing trees, and handily wielding tools.

Based on fossils retrieved from South Africa?s Rising Star cave, two teams reconstructed the locomotor habits(运动习惯) of Homo naledi, reported Tuesday in Nature Communications. With funding from National Geographic, one took a close look at 107 foot bones, the other at 26 bones from a nearly complete right hand.

In most respects, the H. naledi foot looks surprisingly like a modern human?s. Its ankle joint, parallel big toe and wide heel bone belong to a striding biped（两足动物）, a creature fully adapted to efficiently walking upright on two legs. But its lower arch and curved toe bones are more ape-like.

The hand, with its curved fingers, indicates that H. naledi were strong climbers—and yet the long, strong thumb and shock-absorbing wrist could also have been capable of manipulating tools (though no tools have been found yet).

It?s a mix of features scientists hadn't seen clearly yet in the genus Homo, to which modern humans belong, particularly when it comes to H. naledi?s pronounced arboreal proclivities.

“H. naledi had a unique form of locomotion for a member of the ge nus Homo,” says study author William Harcourt-Smith of CUNY?s Lehman College.

25. How do people learn about Homo naledi?

A. By study on fossils

B. By meditation

C. By locomotor habits

D. By data base

26. Which sentence is RIGHT according to the passage?

A. Scientists have enough evidence to make sure that Homo naledi could make tools.

B. Homo naledi had a unique form of locomotion so they don?t belong to genus Homo

C. Some features of Homo naledi can show that they are thoroghly modern human.

D. There exist some differences between Homo naledi and modern human.

27. What is the role of National Geographic?

A. The sponsor

B. The scholar

C. The scientist

D. The detector

28. Which picture can truly show the foot of Homo naledi?

A. B.

C. D.

C

Enghelab Square lies at the heart of Tehran?s urban and revolutionary landscape, just meters away from the gates of Tehran University. The site of some of the most pitched battles（激战）of the 1979 revolution, the square today bustles as an open-air market of goods. There, among the booksellers and fruit vendors, visitors can buy bootleg DVDs, banned books, drugs and alcohol and, if need be, an entire master?s thesis — written from scratch and prepared for oral defense, in less than a month.

The illicit（非法的）buying and selling of advanced degrees is the logical, if unhappy, consequence of the commodification of education in post-revolutionary Iran. Fueled by an insatiable mania for credentials by employers and ordinary Iranians alike, students who pay others to write their research are not unlike their peers who purchase their degrees in installments from private and public universities. They do so in order to survive in the country?s cutthroat labor and marriage markets where possession of a credential is the principle criterion of success.

More interested in “getting the paper” than bearing witness to political Islam, ordinary Iranians have appropriated the university system for themselves, transforming an ideological apparatus designed to produce Islamic citizens into a transactional relationship between the pedagogical state and its population.

Although Iran?s 4.5 million university students comprise only 5 percent of the country?s overall population, gross enrollment rates（毛入学率）show that more than half of people ages 18 to 24 are enrolled in some form of higher education, well on pace to reach the official goal of 60 percent by 2025. Of these, around 85 percent will pay out-of-pocket for their education, whether enrolling in night school, participating in Iran?s open university system (Payam-e Noor) or attending one of the nearly 400 local campuses of Islamic Azad University, billed as one of world?s largest university systems with a reported $200 billion in assets. All told, Iranian parents annually spend more than $3 billion to put their children?s through college.

29. What is the meaning of the underlined phrase “from scratch”?

A. From the beginning

B. Right away

C. All year round

D. Casually

30. Why do students pay others to write their research?

A. They don?t want to pay by installment

B. To destroy the marriage system

C. To make a living in hard environment

D. To show up their credentials

31. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A. The official goal is out of the question

B. Parents pay much attention to their children?s education

C. Gross enrollment rates show that government didn?t do any help

D. Iran has a population of about 4.5 5 billion.

D

When you are a beginning gardener, a lot of what you learn is by trial and error. And when you have been gardening for many years, the exact same thing is true.

First, let?s consider trials (as in evaluations, not ordeals). At an agricultural

research center or experiment station, trials are what they do. A number of varieties are planted and their performance is observed and recorded. The same plant might be grown under different conditions and the results compared, using criteria such as yield, heat tolerance and taste. With taste, results are subjective, so multiple testers are employed. There?s also an element of chance. Hard science softens a bit when you?re dealing with factors such as weather, and even in rigorous academic trials, you might find an inconvenient hailstorm or long rainy spell noted as skewing certain results.

I like to think of our farm and home garden as our own experiment station. We?re always trying new varieties to see whether a certain spinach（菠菜）is slower to bolt, or whether one paste tomato makes a richer sauce than another we?ve been growing. Somet imes we?ll do a trial by sowing a number of varieties of one crop. It was by growing six kinds of Swiss chard that we found Argentata to be the hardiest for cold weather.

The same goes for our practices. If you plant cabbages closer together, will the heads be of a more convenient size? Yes. Does tilling bark mulch into the soil improve plant growth? Definitely not; nothing grew.

Try designing a controlled experiment in which you do something two ways. Want to know whether aerating the soil between crops with a broadfork (or digging fork) is worth doing? Loosen the soil in half of the bed, then sow a crop in the whole bed and compare the results.

32. What should we observe during the trials?

A. Multiple testers

B. Cold intolerance

C. Varieties

D. Performance

33. What does the author most probably want to tell us?

A. The importance of the trials

B. How to do a trial

C. Why we do trials

D. How to become a gardener

34. What will the paragraph following this passage most probably discuss?

A. How to compare the results

B. How to handle the error part

C. The experiences about planting

D. How to handle emergencies in garden

35. What can we learn about the author of the passage？

A. He always do trials himself

B. He is not a qualified gardener

C. He has been gardening for many years

D. He can garden without a trial now

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项多余的选项。

I recently attended a birthday party for the 3-year-old daughter of my oldest friend, whom I?ve known since I was a baby. My father was the best man in his father?s wedding.36 , but here we are in adulthood with children the same age, spending much of our time together. It?s wonderful to know that my children will have the same history with his children. 37 , and those bonds have had a profound impact on my life.

38 , considering the tremendous impact it has on our well being. Early-childhood friendship is something that is frequently overlooked as a positive developmental influence. 39 .

As a child, I moved at ages 5, 8 and 11. Each time I had to leave behind dear friends who had become a big part of my life. 40 , by helping me stay connected and encouraging me to continue these relationships into adulthood.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3c4036913.html,pared to children who lack friends

B. Many of my friends are people I have known since childhood

C.Friendships contribute significantly to the development of social skills

D.Friendship is often underrated（低估）

E. Our lives have taken many turns

F. I am fortunate that my parents helped nurture those friendships

G. We don?t always realize how attached young children are to their friends

第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45）

第一节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分30 分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

God's Coffee

A group of alumni(男毕业生), highly __41__ in their careers, got together to visit their old university professor. Conversation soon turned into __42__ about stress in work and life.

__43__ his guests coffee, the professor went to the kitchen and __44__ with a large pot of coffee and an assortment of cups - porcelain, plastic, glass, crystal, some __45__ looking, some expensive, some exquisite - __46__ them to help themselves to the coffee.

When all the students had a cup of coffee in hand, the professor said: 'If you noticed, all the nice looking expensive cups were __47__, leaving behind the plain and cheap ones. __48__ it is normal for you to want only the best for yourselves, that is the __49__ of your problems and stress. Be assured that the cup itself __50__ no quality to the coffee. In most cases it is just more expensive and in some cases even __51__ what we drink. What all of you really wanted was coffee, not the cup, but you __52__ went for the best cups... And then you began __53__ each other's cups. Now __54__ this: Life is the coffee; the jobs, money and __55__ in society are the cups. They are just __56__ to hold and __57__ life, and the type of cup we have does not __58__, nor change the quality of Life we live. Sometimes, by concentrating only on the cup, we __59__ to enjoy the coffee God has provided us.' God brews the coffee, not the cups...

Enjoy your coffee! 'The happiest people don't have the best of everything. They just make the best of everything. Live simply. Love generously. Care deeply. Speak kindly. Leave the __60__ to God.

41.A.established B. prepared C. devoted D. defeated

42.A.pleasures B. complaints C. despair D. drawbacks

43.A.Assessing B. Choosing C. Offering D. Attending

44.A.delivered B. transported C. conveyed D. returned

45.A.valuable B. plain C. inferior D. superior

46.A.requesting B. commanding C. telling D. inquiring

47.A.taken up B. made up C. eaten up D. fallen up

48.A.After B. Before C. As D. While

49.A.source B. result C. consequence D. reason

50.A.extends B. decreases C. adds D. inserts

51.A.holds B. hides C. removes D. motivates

52.A.automatically B. constantly C. basically D. consciously

53.A.copying B. studying C. eyeing D. discovering

54.A.consider B. witness C. divert D. reveal

55.A.deposit B. wealth C. relationship D. position

56.A.approaches B. tools C. boxes D. means

57.A.include B. contain C. harness D. conclude

58.A.diaplay B. select C. define D. restrict

59.A.boycott B. wait C. prohibit D. fail

60.A.amount B. number C. rest D. deal

第三部分英语知识运用

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

As soon as I walked outside, I was greeted with the shimmering white blanket of cold. Despite the chill 61 （overwhelm）my skin, inside I was warm. I felt as though I could be giving off heat; I had the desire 62 （stay）out in this freeze for hours. It was the type of day that speaks to you through its elements; I took a deep breath to hear more snow 63 （come）.

As I walked I looked up, 64 （try）to realize what made this day so beautiful,

so serene. It was as if time had been put 65 （temporary）on hold and I along with it. Or maybe I was the only one 66 （pause）…Either way, the solitude was comforting, and I sensed myself floating away. I sat down on the edge of a curb and listened. All there was to hear was the wind rushing over the top of my head and circling some old, cracking 67 （leaf）some yards away. To me it was the reassuring sound of nature, trying not to 68 （forget）.

It did start to snow. None of those little flurries, but big, fat flakes 69 clung immediately to their surface.

Then it was time to go and my reverie had to end. As I began walking again, I drifted back into this time frame, calm and cleared.

Now if only I could remember 70 I was going.

第四部分写作（共两节满分35分）

第一节短文改错（10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

It is known to all that New York is first city in America. On every year, the tourists from all over the world go to this city to enjoy its living atmosphere. The Statue of Liberty is familiar to all, actually, there is many famous tourist sites in New York. The tall buildings are also its landmark. We can see these landmarks in the movies. In the scientific movie King Kong, the Empire State Building impresses the audience. It is the place where King Kong watches the sunset. As it is so tall and grand, it attracted people?s eyes all the time. Empir e State Building built in 1930 and

finished in 410 days, that made the record of using the shortest time to be done. When night comes, New York city is lighted up and the colorful lights making Empire State Building look very beautifully and charming.

第二节

书面表达（满分25分）

中国的文化博大精深，有古老的龙文化、图腾文化，中国的四大发明也对世界发展起到了重要作用。请谈谈你对中国文化的理解。

要求：1.字数120左右；

2.可以结合自己的亲身体会；

3.不得抄袭，套作；

4.不可以出现真实的姓名和校名

答案

21-24 BCCB 25-28 ADAC 29-31 ACB 32-35 DDBC

36-40 EBDGF

41-45 ABCDB 46-50 CADAC 51-55 BDCAD 56-60 BBCDC

61.overwhelming 62.to stay 63.was coming 64.trying 65.temporarily 66.unpaused 67.leaves 68.be forgotten 69.which 70.where

71.first前加the 72.去掉on 73. living改为lively

74. is 改为are https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3c4036913.html,ndmark加s 76.attracted 改为attracts

77. built前加was 78. that变which 79.making改为make

80. beautifully 改为beautiful

2018届高三第一次模拟考试英语试题

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