英语48个音标有哪些？元音 辅音 字母组合 单词举例
单元音（12个）
/i:/ee feet sheep need feel teeth feed teeth /i /i big fit hit pig sit bit lit sick ill ea read neat tea meat sea clean beat y happy tidy carry body sorry lily (ee字母组合一定发长音/i:/)
/ u: /oo school room food noodles pool moon / u /oo book cook took look foot good
（oo在字母k前面一定发短音/ u /）
/? :/ir bird girl shirt third thirsty skirt sir /? /er teacher mother Peter sister other ur purple nurse burger turn surf fur a ago China panda umbrella about
/?:/or horse short fork for torch lord /?/ o dog hot not doctor frog dot hobby al all wall ball tall call fall
au because Paul naughty daughter
aw draw saw paw hawk law raw
/a:/ar far farm car star arm garden / / o brother other mother onion another
a pass ask glass grass class after u bus cut shut cup drug nut blunt
/?/ a bad cat apple back sad rat map /e/ e leg desk neck net bed let bet Ted
ea bread head ahead dead thread threat
双元音（8个）
/ai/i bike like wide side time kite /ei/ a take make face game late lake igh high sight light bright fight right ay today say day play stay lay y my by cry fly why sky shy ai rain train gain pain wait paid / ??/ oy boy toy joy Roy annoy enjoy / u?/poor tour moor tourist sure February
oi noise join oil boil soil point
/ i? /ear tear dear cheer clear near beer steer /?? /air air pair fair hair chair stair a
are care square scare share rare
where wear pear bear
/au/ ou out mouth south about around house /?u / o so no hope nose home rode close
ow how now cow town bow down ow bowl snow blow window slow low
辅音：(28个)
清辅音(有气无声) 浊辅音(有声无气)
[p] park[pɑ:k] p ack[p?k] [b] be[bi:] baby [’beibi]
[t] tea[ti:] talk[t?:k] [d] dog[d?ɡ] dad[d?d]
[k] keep [ki:p] bank[b??k] [g] bag[b?ɡ] go[ɡ?u]
[f] face [feis] free[fri:] [v] give[ɡiv] above[?’b∧v]
[∫] shirt [∫?:t] action['?k∫?n] [?] job[d??b] join[d??in]
[s] sit [sit] say[sei] [z] zoo[zu:] amaze[?’meiz]
[θ] think[θi?k] nothing[’n∧θi?] [e] father[’fɑ:e?]together[t?’ɡee?] [ts] cats[k?ts] lots[l?ts] [dz] beds[bedz] birds[b?:dz]
[tr] tree[tri:] try[trai] [dr] address[?’dres] draw[dr?:]
[t∫] such[s∧t∫] match[m?t∫] [d?] object[?b’ d?ikt] age[eid?]
[m] map [m?p] me[mi:, mi]
[n] win[win] thin[θin]
[l] let[let] lead[led]
[?] pink[pi?k] thing[θi?]
[r] red[red] reach[ri:t∫]
[h] hi[hai] he [hi:, i]
[w] wedding[’wedi?] water[’w?:t?]
[j] yes[jes] year[ji?:]
1.国际音标共有48个音素，分为元音音素和辅音音素
2.元音音素有20个，分单元音和双元音两类。
单元音（12个）
/a:/ /Λ/ /?:/ /?/ /? :/ /? / /i:/ /i / / u: / / u //?/ /e/
/i:/ee sheep need (ee字母组合一定发长音/i:/) /i / i big pig
ea read tea y happy tidy
/ u: / oo school room / u / oo book cook （oo在字母k前面一定发短音/ u /）
/? :/ ir bird girl /? / er teacher mother ur purple nurse a China panda
/?:/ or horse short /?/ o dog hot
al all wall
au because naughty
aw draw saw
/a:/ ar far farm /Λ/ o brother mother
a pass ask u bus cup
/?/ a cat apple /e/ e leg desk
ea bread head
双元音（8个）
/ai/ i bike like /ei/ a take make
igh light right ay today say
y my by ai rain train
/?i /oy boy toy / u? / poor sure
oi noise point
/ i? /ear clear near / e? / air hair chair
are care share
/au/ ou out mouth / ?u / o so no
ow how ow snow window
old cold told （字母o在字母
ld前发/?u /）
5. 辅音音素28个，按声带振动与否可分为清辅音因素和浊辅音因素(10个)清辅音：/p/ /f/ /t/ /k/ /s/ / / /ts/ /tr/ /?/ /t?/ (10个)浊辅音：/b/ /v//d/ /g/ /z/ /e/ /dz/ /dr/ /?/ /d?/