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水利水电工程专业英语英文词汇

strain meter 应变计set out 放线、放样

stake-line temperature sensor 温度传感器测桩线

state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标集线站terminal station

其他（Others）系

survey point 测点check hole 检查孔theoretical point 灌区理论点compartment

traverse(polygon) 导线（测dense mix 浓浆量）、横断

error of traverse 导线闭合差foundation uplift 基础隆起

lattice traverse 网格状导线灌浆孔grout hole

long side traverse instrument hole 仪器孔长导线

open traverse 非闭合primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一导线

short side traverse 短导线序、二序、三序灌浆孔

traverse closure 导线闭合加密灌浆孔距spilt spacing

traverse station 导线点waste mix 弃浆traverse survey 导线测量Survey◆测量（）triangulation 测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）三角测量

triangulation network 三角网调整校正adjust 、triangulation of high order 高等级三角网adjustment 平差

triangulation point 容许误差allowance 三角点三边测量backsight point 后视点trilateration

程控制网basic point 基础点vertical-control net 高bench mark 水准点木桩wood pile Angular Measure）角度测量（compass 罗盘azimuth 方位角chainage(station number) 桩号象限角bearing 方位三角锁chain of triangulation 、器、水准buddle 、check 校核对照气泡圆盘circle 度盘、控制control point 点

器圆水坐标点coordinate point 准circular bubble

datum 基础面轴视准collimation axis

点基datum point 准十字丝cross-line(cross-hair)

偏差depression angle 俯角deviation

easily identifiable point elevation angle 仰角点容易识别

eyepiece(ocular) error 误差目镜量field pole(staff) 标杆一等三角测first order triangulation

geodetic foot-screw 学的大地测量脚螺栓量geodetic surveying 大地测水平角horizontal angle

量合联测）mark 标志（明joint survey

已知点known point 物镜objective lens

面水level surface 准垂线铅垂、plumb(plummet)

局local triangulation networks 准、观测sight 瞄部三角网准瞄target 国national coordination system 家坐标网目标、监视观测observe 、纬仪theodolite 经point to be located 待定点横轴tranverse axis

tripod 三脚架置位、定位position

踏勘、选点reconnaissance 竖直角vertical angle

参考点reference point vertical axis 竖轴量二等三角测second order triangulation Telescope望远镜（）1

centering 对中reduced level 归化高差

run back 返测盘左face left

run out 往测face right 盘右

three-wire leveling 三丝法水准focus 集中、焦点测量

地形测量（Topographic Survey focusing 调焦）

boundary 边界、界线index error 指标误差

inverted position of telescope(reverse construction stake 施工标桩

contour 等高线盘右telescope)倒镜、normal position of telescope(direct telescope)contour interval 等高距

contouring 绘等高线、正镜盘右contour-length method 光学垂准器等高线延长法optical plummet

contour line 等高线round 测回

control network 控制网set 套、组detail 细部、详图station 测站

draw 绘图距离测量（Distance Measure）

field 外业气barometer 压计fix 固定、确定base line(basic line/datum line) 基线

form line 地形图电battery 池

EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) grid 格网

information 注记、资料、情报电磁波测距

marginal information 轮廓注记滤波器滤光片filter 、

large-scale 大比例尺的laser alignment system 激光准直系统latitude 纬度、范围laser beam 激光束

latitude circle 纬圈prism 棱镜latitude line range 纬线距离测程、

legend 图例long range 远程

location 定线、程medium range 中定位

longitude 经short range 短程度

longitude line 测距仪经线range finder

map signal 地图、制图信号

mapping 制图、测spring balance 弹簧称图、地质素描

match line 拼接线卷尺tape

monument 标石invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺、石柱

object 高程测量（Height Measurement地物、目标）

plan 程、高海拔平面图、略图altitude/elevation

plot 近似approximate leveling 置绘图粗平平、

profile 断面（图）、纵剖图准自动定平水automatic level 仪

difference in altitude(difference of record 记录、资料

setup 定置elevation ,height difference) 高差仪器

site location error of closure in leveling 差合闭准定位水stake out 放样、定线平置、精平exact leveling 确、立桩

symbol 仪（测点）准水level 符号、记号

topographic detail 水level circuit 地形细部环合准闭topographic map 地形图尺垫准水level shoe

◆原形观测观测仪器和设施线路准水line of level {Instrumentation

and Facilities）国national geodetic vertical datum 家大地高

air-entraining meter 面准基程掺气剂

Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计component 零部件

coordinator 坐标仪concrete strain meter 砼应变计

damping box 阻尼角convergent point 收敛测点differential resistance direct plumb line 正垂线差动电阻

double layer rubber sleeve earth pressure cell 土压力盒双层保护

forced centering plate 强制embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计对中盘

instrument lead 仪器电堤应变计缆embankment strain meter

invar wire 铟瓦丝extended wire 引张线

metal ring 计金属环foundation piezometer 基础渗压plumb coordinate meter horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪垂线坐标仪

pulley 滑轮hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器

regulator 调节器水听器hydrophone

riser 立管inclinometer casing 测斜管sensor interface joint meter 界面变位传感器计

spool inverted plumb line 倒垂线绕轴

steel socket 钢micro piezometer 微压计底座

tablet 多点位移计药片multiple position extensometer

tensioning weight 张拉重锤observation point 观测标点

thermistor 热敏电observation well 观测井阻

tip 测头视optical alignment line 准线

安装过程（Procession of Installation）plate strain meter 钢板计assemble 组装pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计couple 连接脉动压力pressure fluctuation meter 计prestressed tendon anchorage 埋设embed

安装install 索dynamometer 预应力锚测力计

绝缘insulate rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计

维护计single point extensometer 单点位移maintenance

spiral sensor 测扭仪监测monitor

测压standpipe 管仪器保护protection of instrumentation

归纳reduce 强震仪strong-motion seismogragh

surface monument 表密封seal 面标点

拼接temperature sensor 温度传感器splice

提供终端房terminal house supply

terminal station 终端站测试test

Information资料（倾角tilt meter 计）简图计时均压力time average pressure cell assemble schematic 装配合格证书总压力盒total pressure cell certificate

书说计velometer 流速使用明description

vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪维护指南maintenace guideline

书震旋式渗压vibrating wire piezometer 计manual 说明振旋式沉降vibrating wire settlement sensor 理工作原operating principle

作仪范围operating restraint 操序procedure 水堰量的带微压weir with micro piezometer 计程程基点工作working base point 序分trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌析zero

stress-strain meter 其他（Others）计砼无应力间）Acessories and Spare Parts附件及配件（行annular space 环空coil data acquisition 盘绕数据采集 3

cement mark(strength of cement /cement 数据记录data recording

grade) 水泥标号leas drilling hole 引线孔consumptive use of water normal consistance 永久记录permanent record

标准稠度用水readout device 读数设备量

degree of mobilization 流动性saturated 饱和的

dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热seepage isolation dike 截渗堤final set trapezoidal 梯形终凝

flexural strength 抗弯强度◆水工常规试验

flyash 粉煤灰砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed

hydration heat 水化热Material of Concrete）initial set Aggregate）初凝骨料（abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量

setting time 凝结时量间洛杉机磨耗silica fume 计accumulated retained percentage 累筛余百硅粉

soundness 水泥的安定性分率

specific surface area 比表acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与面积

specific heat 量片状颗粒含比热

water demand ratio 吸水alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应量比

外加剂（Admixture）视密度apparent density

bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bulk density (unity weight) 容重

clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate bubbling ability 起泡能力

chloride content 氯化物含量块及易碎颗粒含土量黏compressive strength rate 抗压强度比软化系数coefficient of softening

contract with dry rate crush index 压碎指标干缩率

dispersing coefficient 干燥状态dry state 分散系数

dispersing ability of water

exceeding and inferior grain in

-reducing agent 减水剂aggregate 超逊径颗粒含量分散能力

loss of slump 塌落度损失细度模数fineness modulus

sulphate content 硫酸盐含空隙率量gaping place rate

solid content 分计grader retained percentage 筛余百固体含分率量

surface tension 颗粒级grain composition 配表面张力

water-reducing rate 减水率粒径grain size

水（Water）量lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含

alkalinity 碱度量云母含mica content

calcion 含水率钙离子moisture content(water rate)

carbonic acid mud content 钙酸含泥量

chlorion 有机质含organic content 量氯离子

equivalent concentration 骨料潜在活性potential reactivity of aggregate 当量浓度

oxygen consumption saturation 饱和的耗氧量

normal solution (standard 曲线筛sieving curve 分solution) 量soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含标准溶液

PH value PH坚固性值soundness

water analysis 水值面含水率表surface moisture content 分析

砼（水溶性硫化物water-soluble sulphide Concrete）

砼拌和物（水硬性胶凝材料Mixture(Hydraulicity cementitious ）

material) assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度

bleeding rate age 泌水率龄期

cement-sand ration 灰砂比砂浆（Cement）

cement lime mortar 标号水泥石灰砂浆design strength of concrete 砼设计cement mortar 水泥砂浆flowability of concrete 砼的流动性

cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合砂浆

epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆比

lime mortar 石灰砂浆mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性plastering mortar 抹面砂浆penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法pointing joint mortar probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼勾缝砂浆

土（Soil强度保证率）

accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累砂率sand rate 计曲线单位用水量unit consumption of water

activity index 活性指标water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性angle of friction

water-cement ratio 摩擦角水灰比Atterberg limits(water content as limit) Hardened concrete 阿）硬化砼（太堡界限（界限含水量axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度）

California bearing ratio 导热系数载重比coefficient of thermal conductivity

coarse-grained soil cooling rate 冷却率粗粒土

coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数砼芯样core of concrete

coefficient of cubical

徐变变creep deformation (time deformation )

compressibility 体积压缩系数形

coefficient of curvature 曲率系数form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数

compression 压缩freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环

compression index frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号压缩指数

compression modulus 压缩模数砼热学性能heat property of concrete

consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test height-diameter ration 高径比固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数

consolidated-drained (slow) shear test loss of weight 重量损失固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验自振频率natural frequency

consolidation 固结permeate 渗透

consolidation coefficient 透permeated height 渗高度固结系数

consolidation settlement 固结沉降permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号

consolidation stress 系固结应力透relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗continuous grading/gradation 连接级配数contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验振频率共resonance frequency

core cutter method sample 试环刀法件

creep curve self-grown volume deformation（砼）蠕变曲线自生体积critical slope 变形逸出坡降（临界坡降）

Darcy's law 达西定律劈裂抗拉强度splitting tensile strength

degree of consolidation 固结度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率抗压弹数direct shear test 导温系数直接剪切试验temperature conductivity

direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试抗拉弹性模tensile modulus of elasticity 量验绝热温升thermal insulation warming

distribution curve 分极限拉应变ultimate tensile strain 布曲线

drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 极限抗拉强度ultimate tensile strength 流土

effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角磨损率wear rate

effective strength envelope 有效强度抗冲磨强度wear-resisting strength 包线

expansion force 膨胀力剪（快剪）试验

variable head method 变水头法expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率

void(pore) ratio 孔隙比渗流filtering flow(seepage flow)

water replacement method 灌水法fine-grained soil 细粒土

wet density 湿密度flow net(drift net) 流网

其它建筑材料hydraulic slope 水力坡降

钢筋（steel hydrometer method 比重计法）

bending and unbending 反常水头法复弯曲hydrostatic head method

cold bending test 冷弯试验limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态

elongation test 拉伸试验liquefaction 液化

nominal diameter 公称直径liquid limit 液限ratio of elongation liquidity index 液化指标伸长率

relaxation test maximum dry density 最大干密度松弛试验

steel strand 钢绞线method of sieving 筛分法

tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆

ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度库伦破坏Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-

Wood）准则木材（curshing strength paralled to the normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 顺纹抗压强度grain 压缩曲线tensile strength paralled to the 量optimum moisture content 最优含水顺纹抗拉强度涌piping 管grain

crushing strength across th e plastic limit 塑限横纹抗压强度grain plasticity index 塑性指标tensile strength across to the 空隙水压力pore water pressure

空隙率porosity 横纹抗拉强度grain

principal stress 主）沥青（应力Asphalt脆化点试验Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验brittle temperature test

相对密度relative density 延伸度试验expansion test

sand replacement method 灌砂法针入式试验penetration test

saturability (saturation degree/percent 软化点试验softening point test

test of aging saturation) 饱和度老化试验viscosity test 饱和容重saturated unit weight 粘滞性试验Quality Management透seepage deformation 渗变形）质量管理（

average 力渗seepage force(seepage pressure) 透平均值deviation standard(error of mean 透渗seepage line 线均方差squares) 速度渗seepage speed 透deviation

coefficient(dispersion shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）离差系数缩限shrinkage limit coefficient)

断级间skip(gap/jump) grading 配相关系数index of correlation

土specific gravity of soil particle 粒比重界限management limit 管理steady seepage field 统计数稳定渗流场mathematic statistics 理maximum 应力路径stress path 最大值值minimum 最线包总强度total strength envelope 小布三轴压缩试验triaxial compression test 正态分normal distribution

unconfined compression strength 保证量quality assurance 无侧限抗压质量强度检测质

quality examination

unconsolidated undrained test regression curve 不固结不排水回归曲线 6

relative dampness 相对湿度mud crack 泥痕

rain print 雨痕本容量sample capacity 样orientation of bedrock 岩层产状sampling frequency 取样频率strike specimen 样品走向

dip 倾向统计分析statistical analysis

angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角technical specification 技术规范fold technical standard 褶皱

技术标准anticline testing circumstance 试验环境背斜

syncline 向斜testing error 试验误差

Monocline (homocline) 单斜testing regulation 试验规程

dome 穹隆析variance analysis 方差分soft stratum ◆地质(Geology)

软弱岩层

zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic

affected zone Ages）影响带platy structure 板状构造Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）解理cleavage Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）

fracture(rupture) 断裂古生代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem)

fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界））岩石类型（Rock typeCenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）

岩石学petrology Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）

岩igneous rock 火成寒武纪（系）Cambrian period (system)

Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）岩浆岩magmatic rock

火山岩lava(vocanic rock) 志留纪（系）Silurian period (system)

侵入岩intrusive (invade) rock Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）

成石碳纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 二叠纪（系）Permian period (system) 浅三叠纪（系）acid rock 酸性岩Triassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 中性岩inter-mediate rock

基性岩basic rock Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）第Tertiary period (system) 三纪（系）超基性岩ultrabasic rock

第Quaternary period (system) 四纪（系）花岗岩granite

斑岩Geologic Structural地质构造（）porphyry

rhyolite 玢岩断层fault

syenite normal fault 正断层流纹岩逆断层reversed fault trachyte 粗面岩diorite parallel fault 平移断层闪长岩andesite 安山岩断层泥gouge

擦痕stria 辉长岩gabbro

joint 理节玄武岩basalt

primary joint 理原生节细晶岩aplite

secondary joint 理次生节pegmatite 伟晶岩tension joint lamprophyre 煌斑岩理张节diabase 理卸荷节unloading joint 辉绿岩理片schistosity 橄榄岩dunite

理层bedding pumice 浮岩）理（叶理板foliation 沉积岩sedimentary rock

波痕ripple mark clastic rock 碎屑岩7

clay rock 黏土岩quartz 石英

topaz 黄玉chemical rock 化学岩

corundum 刚玉biolith 生物岩

diamand 金刚石砾岩conglomerate

水利水电工程毕业设计英文翻译,混凝土重力坝

Concrete Gravity Dam The type of dam selected for a site depends principally on topographic, geologic,hydrologic, and climatic conditions. Where more than one type can be built, alternative economic estimates are prepared and selection is based on economica considerations.Safety and performance are primary requirements, but construction time and materials often affect economic comparisons. Dam Classification Dams are classified according to construction materials such as concrete or earth. Concrete dams are further classified as gravity, arch, buttress, or a combination of these. Earthfill dams are gravity dams built of either earth or rock materials, with particular provisions for spillways and seepage control. A concrete gravity dam depends on its own weight for structural stability. The dam may be straight or slightly curved, with the water load transmitted through the dam to the foundation material. Ordinarily, gravity dams have a base width of 0.7 to 0.9 the height of the dam. Solid rock provides the best foundation condition. However, many small concrete dams are built on previous or soft foundations and perform satisfactorily. A concrete gravity dam is well suited for use with an overflow spillway crest. Because of this advantage, it is often combined with an earthfill dam in wide flood plain sites.

(完整版)英语语法专业术语

英语语法专业术语语法grammar 句法syntax 词法morphology 结构structure 层次rank 句子sentence 从句clause 词组phrase 词类part of speech 单词word 实词notional word 虚词structural word 名词noun 专有名词proper noun 普通名词common noun 可数名词countable noun 不可数名词uncountable no 抽象名词abstract noun 具体名词concrete noun 物质名词material noun 集体名词collective noun 个体名词individual noun 介词preposition 连词conjunction 动词verb 主动词main verb 及物动词transitive verb 不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb 助动词auxiliary verb 情态动词modal verb 规则动词regular verb 不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb 限定动词finite verb 非限定动词infinite verb 使役动词causative verb 感官动词verb of senses

动态动词event verb 静态动词state verb 感叹词exclamation 形容词adjective 副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner 程度副词adverb of degree 时间副词adverb of time 地点副词adverb of place 修饰性副词adjunct 连接性副词conjunct 疑问副词interrogative adverb 关系副词relative adverb 代词pronoun 人称代词personal pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 反身代词reflexive pronoun 相互代词reciprocal pronoun 指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun 不定代词indefinite 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive 形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词article 定冠词definite article 不定冠词indefinite article 数词numeral 基数词cardinal numeral 序数词ordinal numeral 分数词fractional numeral 形式form 单数形式singular form 复数形式plural form 限定动词finite verb form 非限定动词non-finite verb form

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点阵lattice, 阵点lattice point, 点阵参数lattice parameter, 密排六方hexagonal close-packed, 六方晶胞hexagonal unit cell, 体心立方body-centered cubic, 面心立方face-centered cubic, 弥勒指数Miller indices, 晶面crystal plane, 晶系crystal system, 晶向crystal direction, 相变机理Phase transformation mechanism: 成核生长相变nucleation–growth transition, 斯宾那多分解spinodal decomposition, 有序无序转变disordered-order transition, 马氏体相变martensite phase transformation，成核nucleation, 成核机理nucleation mechanism, 成核势垒nucleation barrier, 晶核，结晶中心nucleus of crystal, （金属组织的）基体quay, 基体，基块，基质，结合剂matrix, 子晶，雏晶matted crystal, 耔晶，晶种seed crystal, 耔晶取向seed orientation,

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副词 adverb 方式副词 adverb of manner 程度副词 adverb of degree 时间副词 adverb of time 地点副词 adverb of place 修饰性副词 adjunct 连接性副词 conjunct 疑问副词 interrogative adverb 关系副词 relative adverb 代词 pronoun 人称代词 personal pronoun 物主代词 possessive pronoun 反身代词 reflexive pronoun 相互代词 reciprocal pronoun 指示代词 demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词 interrogative pronoun 关系代词 relative pronoun 不定代词 indefinite 物主代词 possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词 nominal possessive 形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun 冠词 article 定冠词 definite article 不定冠词 indefinite article 数词 numeral 基数词 cardinal numeral 序数词 ordinal numeral 分数词 fractional numeral 形式 form 单数形式 singular form 复数形式 plural form 限定动词 finite verb form 非限定动词 non-finite verb form 原形 base form 从句 clause 从属句 subordinate clause 并列句 coordinate clause 名词从句 nominal clause 定语从句 attributive clause 状语从句 adverbial clause 宾语从句 object clause 主语从句 subject clause 同位语从句 appositive clause 时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time 地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place

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