英美文学期末Summary 2 of English Literature

Summary Two: The Romantic Period浪漫主义时期

Background Information:

English Romanticism, as a historical phase of literature, is generally said to have begun in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s Lyrical Ballads and to have ended in 1832 wi th Sir Walter Scott’s death.

It was in effect a revolt of the English imagination against the neoclassical reason which prevailed from the days of Pope to those of Johnson.

In the history of literature, Romanticism is generally regarded as the thought that designates a literary and philosophical theory which tends to see the individual as the very center of all life and all experience.

The Romantic period is an age of poetry. Blake, Burns, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats are the major Romantic poets. They started a rebellion against the neoclassical literature, which was later regarded as the poetic revolution.

Wordsworth and Coleridge were the major representatives of this movement. They explored new theories and innovated new techniques in poetry writing.

The preface to the second edition of the Lyrical Ballads acts as a manifesto for the new school. Wordsworth, Coleridge and Robert Southey have often been mentioned as the ―Lake Poets‖.

The two major novelists of the Romantic period are Jane Austen and Walter Scott.

Gothic novel, a type of romantic fiction that predominated in the late 18th century, was one phase of the Romantic Movement.

Its principal elements are violence, horror, and the supernatural. Representative works are a Gothic Story by Clara Reeve, and Frankenstein《弗兰肯斯坦》by Mary Shelley（玛丽·雪莱）.

William Blake 威廉·布莱克（1757~1872）

a representative Romantic poet, engraver, painter and mystic

As a poet, he is famous for his mysticism and complex symbolism.

His visionary world is extremely important to his work. He is also fond of using allusions to the Bible.

Blake’s representative works:

Poetical Sketches《素描诗集》

Songs of Experience《经验之歌》

Songs of Innocence《天真之歌》

The Marriage of Heaven and Hell《天堂与地狱的联姻》

His most popular poems are ―The Chimney Sweeper‖ and ―The Tyger.‖

Robert Burns(1759~1796)

the national poet of Scotland

a poet of the peasants, a poet of the people

best in his rural themes

chiefly remembered for his songs written in the Scottish dialect

Style:

happy simplicity, humor, directness and optimism

Analysis of ―A Red Red Rose‖:

The first and third lines of each stanza are in iambic tetrameter, Iambic tetrameter is an eight-syllable line with alternating pairs of unstressed and stressed syllables. Each pair makes up a foot so that each tetrameter line has four feet, as in line 1 of the first stanza: ..........1......................2.................3.................4......

O MY | Luve's LIKE | a RED, | red ROSE

the second and fourth lines are in iambic trimeter.

Iambic trimeter is a six syllable line with alternating pairs of unstressed and stressed syllables. Each pair makes up a foot so that each trimeter line has three feet, as in line 2 of the first stanza: .........1..........................2.. (3)

That's NEW.| ly SPRUNG.| in JUNE

Theme of ―A Red Red Rose‖:

The speaker loves the young lady beyond measure. The only way he can express his love for her is through vivid similes and hyperbolic comparisons.

The poem expresses love, but it does not try to stir up deep feelings of passion—instead, it reminds readers of obstacles of love, making the speaker's feelings sound more personal.

William Wordsworth威廉·华兹华斯(1770~1850)

the leading figure of the English romantic poetry, the focal poetic voice of the period

Regarded as a ―worshipper of nature,‖ he was the closest to nature among the ―Lake Poets.‖ Wordsworth’s theory of poetry is calling for simple themes drawn from humble life expressed in the language of ordinary people.

His representative poems like ―I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud‖, ―To a Skylark‖ and ―To the Cuckoo‖ inspire his audience to see the world freshly, sympathetically and naturally. Representative works:

Tintern Abbey《丁登寺旁》

Lucy Poems《露茜组诗》

Lyrical Ballads《抒情歌谣集》

My Heart Leaps Up《我心荡漾》

The Prelude《序曲》

Analysis of “I Wandered Lonely as A Cloud‖:

In stanza 1, the poet just mentions that the daffodils ―dancing in the breeze.‖

In stanza 2, the dance becomes more concrete and vivid: “Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.”Here the word is used as a noun.

In the 3rd stanza the poet gradually shifts his attention from the outer world to the inner world.

In the final stanza, the poet says his heart “dances with the daffodils.”This suggests the harmony of the outer and inner worlds, revealing the power of imagination.

The imagination is therefore “A motion and a spirit, that impels / All thinking things, all objects of all thought, / And rolls through all things.”

Although the “outer eye”brings “sensations sweet,”but the “inward eye”can “see into

the life of things”and thus offers greater spiritual pleasures.

When it comes to the first line of the 3rd stanza, it is the waves that dance, but the poet immediately adds that the daffodils “outdid the sparkling waves.”Anyway the word “dance”connects the waves and the daffodils, and it also connect the first two stanzas with the third.

I wandered lonely as a cloud: It revisits the familiar subjects of nature and memory, this time with a particularly simple, musical eloquence.

Plot: the poet's wandering and his discovery of a field of daffodils by a lake, the memory of which pleases him and comforts him when he is lonely, bored, or restless.

Form: The four six-line stanzas of this poem follow (a quatrain + a couplet) rhyme scheme: ABABCC. Each line is metered in iambic tetrameter.

Its Artistic Features:

Simile in "as a cloud―: the speaker likens himself to a cloud, as he and this object are both solitary and in motion.

Reverse personification: The speaker is compared to a natural object, a cloud.

Simile: the appearance of the daffodils encountered by the speaker is compared to the stars of the Milky Way.

Personification: daffodils are continually personified as human beings. This technique implies an inherent unity between man and nature.

Samuel Taylor Coleridge

塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治(1772~1834)

one of the first critics to give close critical attention to language, maintaining that the true end of poetry is to give pleasure ―through the medium of beauty‖

esteemed by some of his contemporaries and generally recognized today as a lyrical poet and literary critic of the first rank

Representative works:

Biographia Literaria《文学传记》

Christabel《克里斯特贝尔》

Kubla Khan《忽必烈汗》

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner《古舟子咏》

Frost at Midnight《午夜之霜》

Percy Bysshe Shelley 珀西·比希·雪莱(1792~1822)

one of the leading Romantic poets, an intense and original lyrical poet in the English language Like Blake, he has a reputation as a difficult poet: erudite, imagistically complex, full of classical and mythological allusions.

Shelley is most noted for his lyrics. Best of all the well-known lyric pieces is Shelley’s ―Ode to the West Wind‖ (1819).

Representative works:

A Defence of Poetry《诗辩》

Love’s Philosophy《爱的哲学》

Ode to a Skylark《云雀颂》

Ode to the West Wind《西风颂》

Prometheus Unbound《脱缚的普罗米修斯》

Summary of ―Ode to the West Wind‖:

Structure:

The poem consists of five stanzas written in terza rima(三行体). Each canto consists of four tercets(三行押韵诗句) (ABA, BCB, CDC, DED) and a rhyming couplet (EE). The Ode is written in iambic pentameter.

Theme –different interpretations:

1. lamenting his inability to directly help those in England owing to his being in Italy

2. expressing the hope that its words will inspire and influence those who read or hear it.

3. wanting his message of reform and revolution spread, and the wind becomes the trope for spreading the word of change through the poet-prophet figure.

4. due to the loss of his son, the ensuing pain influenced Shelley.

Romanticism in Ode to the West Wind

A. Enthusiasm

Eg: ―Beside a pumice isle in baize’s bay quivering within the waves’ in tenser day‖.

the natural world and the human social and political world are parallel.

B. Subjectivism

In the poem the west wind is not merely the wind of the nature, the subject is counter-capitalism, counter-old influence, instead of regarding poetry as ―a minor to nature‖ .

C. Idealism and Imagination

Eg : ―drive my dead thoughts over the incantation of this verse; like wither’d leaves to quicken a new birth‖

Shelley wants to establish a new free society.

D. Political Tendentiousness

The west wind is not the nature wind. It is the revolution wind, the wind against bourgeoisie, and against the power of Feudal.

E. Emotion and Nature

Eg: ―if I were a dead level thou mightiest bear; if I were a swift cloud to fly with thee‖

The poet compares oneself to others by the west wind. The poet expressed the deep love and yearned for the nature through the west wind. He used the west wind to urge on oneself, expressed the free pursuit, with the hope to establish a happy world.

George Gordon Byron乔治·戈登·拜伦(1788~1824)

As a leading Romanticist, Byron’s chief contribution is his creation of the ―Byronic hero,‖ a proud, mysteriously rebel figure of noble origin. A Byronic hero exhibits several characteristic traits, and in many ways he can be considered a rebel. The Byronic hero does not possess "heroic virtue" in the usual sense; instead, he has many dark qualities. With regard to his intellectual capacity, self-respect, and hypersensitivity, the Byronic hero is "larger than life," and "with the loss of his titanic passions, his pride, and his certainty of self-identity, he loses also his status as a traditional hero.

Byron has enriched European poetry with an abundance of ideas, images, artistic forms and innovations.

Representative works:

Cain《该隐》

Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage《恰尔德·哈罗德游记》

Don Juan《唐璜》

Hours of Idleness《闲散时光》

Analysis of the poem “She Walks in Beauty”:

The rhyme scheme of the first stanza is ababab; the second stanza, cdcdcd; and the third stanza, efefef.

The meter is predominantly iambic tetrameter.

The first two lines demonstrate the pattern followed throughout the poem except for line 6, which has nine syllables:

1................2........... 3 (4)

She WALKS | in BEAU | ty, LIKE | the NIGHT

1.................2................. 3 (4)

Of CLOUD | less CLIMES | and STAR | ry SKIES

Figures of speech:

Alliteration occurs frequently to enhance the appeal of the poem to the ear:

Line 2:....cloudless climes; starry skies.

Line 6:....day denies

Line 8:....Had half

Line 9:....Which waves

Line 11...serenely sweet

Line 14...So soft, so

Line 18...Heart Whose

Lines 1, 2--Simile comparing the movement of the beautiful woman to the movement of the skies Line 6 ---Metonymy, in which heaven is substituted for God or for the upper atmosphere

Lines 8-10 Metaphor comparing grace, a quality, to a perceivable phenomenon

Lines 11-12 Metaphor and personification comparing thoughts to people; metaphor and personification comparing the mind to a home (dwelling-place)

Lines 13-16 Metaphor and personification comparing the woman's cheek and brow to persons who tell of days in goodness spent

Imagery: Light and Darkness

Theme: The theme of the poem is the woman's exceptional beauty, internal as well as external. The first stanza praises her physical beauty. The second and third stanzas praise both her physical and spiritual, or intellectual, beauty.

Literary comment: Byron presents an ethereal portrait of the young woman in the first two stanzas by contrasting white with black and light with shadow in the same way that nature presents a portrait of the firmament—and the landscape below—on a cloudless starlit evening. He tells the reader in line 3 that she combines “the best of dark and bright”(bright here serving as an noun rather than an adjective) and notes that darkness and light temper each other when they meet in her raven hair. Byron's words thus turn opposites into compeers working together to celebrate beauty.

John Keats 约翰·济慈(1795~1821)

one of the indisputably great English poets who stands with Shakespeare, Milton and Wordsworth

Keats’s poetry, characterized by exact and closely knit construction, sensual descriptions, an d by force of imagination, gives transcendental values to the physical beauty of the world.

John Keats

Odes are generally regarded as Keats’s most important and mature works.

His four great Odes:

Ode on Melancholy

《忧郁颂》

Ode on a Grecian Urn

《希腊古瓮颂》

Ode to a Nightingale

《夜莺颂》

Ode to Psyche

《心灵颂》

“Ode on a Grecian Urn”is organized into ten line stanzas with a rhyme scheme that begins with a Shakespearian quatrain 四行诗(ABAB) and ends with a Miltonic sestet六行诗节(CDECDE). This pattern is used in "Ode on Indolence", "Ode on Melancholy", and "Ode to a Nightingale", which makes the poems unified in structure as well as theme. The word "ode" itself is of Greek origin, meaning "sung".

Theme of ―Ode on a Grecian Urn‖:

The poem captures aspects of Keats's idea of "Negative Capability", as the reader does not know who the figures are on the urn, what they are doing, or where they are going. Instead, the speaker revels in this mystery, as he does in the final couplet (mentioned below), which does not make immediate, ascertainable sense but continues to have poetic significance nonetheless. The ode ultimately deals with the complexity of art's relationship with real life.

It is now believed that the narrator was criticizing the Urn, saying that all it will ever need to know is that beauty is truth and truth beauty. This is also a sign of jealousy as the narrator admires this simplicity just as he criticizes yet admires the characters on the urn, who will never achieve climax yet are forever passionate.

Jane Austen 简·奥斯汀(1775~1817)

In point of chronology Jane Austen belongs to the age of Walter Scott, about half a century earlier. However, her realism would place her with the realistic novelist.

Stories of love and marriage provide the major themes in all her novels, in which female characters are always playing an active part.

In her lifelong career, Austen wrote altogether six complete novels:

Emma《爱玛》, Mansfield Park《曼斯菲尔德公园》, Northanger Abbey《诺桑觉寺》, Persuasion 《劝说》, Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》, and Sense and Sensibility《理智与情感》. Jane Austen’s art:

1. a classical precision of structure

(which is manipulated through incidents exactly defined in realism. )

2. a gift of phrase

humorous, ironical (light irony), illuminating, economical, through which all is related, so that each incident can be enjoyed like that in a drama .

3. a gift of dialogue

She deals with her characters with intensity yet with detachment, without sentimentalism.

Her knowledge of men’s behaviour was limited.

There are no extremely noble heroes and heroines, nor hateful villains; egoism is the dominant vice of human beings; no passion in her novels.

Sir Walter Scott 沃尔特·斯哥特爵士(1771~1832)

the most popular novelist of his day. He marked the transition from Romanticism to the period of Realism which followed it.

Waverley《威弗利》, The Lady of the Lake《湖畔夫人》and Ivanhoe《艾凡赫》are among the most popular ones of his novels.

Scott is the first major historical novelist, exerting a powerful literary influence both in Britain and on the Continent throughout the 19th century.

英语专业-英美文学试卷及答案-期末

英语专业-英美文学试卷及答案-期末

英美文学试卷A 共9页第 I. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). (10 x 1’=10’) 1. ( ) Chaucer is the first English short-story teller and the founder of English poetry as well as the founder of English realism. His masterpiece The Canterbury tales contains 26 stories. 2. ( ) English Renaissance is an age of essay and drama. 3. ( ) The rise of the modern novel is closely related to the rise of the middle class and an urban life. 4. ( ) The French Revolution and the American War of Independence were two big influences that brought about the English Romantic Movement. 5. ( ) Charlotte’s novels are all about lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for life and love. Her novels are more or less based on her own experience and feelings and the life as she sees around. 6. ( ) The leading figures of the naturalism at the turn of 19th century are Thomas Hardy, John Galsworthy and Bernard Shaw. 7. ( ) Emily Dickinson is remembered as the “All American Writer”. 8. ( )The Civil War divides the American literature into romantic literature and realist literature. 9. ( ) Mark Twain is the first American writer to discover an American language and American consciousness.

英美文学 试卷

广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷 考试年度：20010年考试科目代码及名称：807-英美文学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学 [友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！] I. Define the following five terms. (25 points in all, 5 points for each) 1. Symbol 2. The English Renaissance 3. Naturalism 4. Romanticism 5. Transcendentalist Club II. Multiple choice. In this part, there are 20 statements or questions; in each of them, there are four choices marked by A), B), C), and D). Choose the ONE answer that is the most suitable to the statement or question. (20 points in all, 1 point for each) 1. Geoffrey Chaucer, the “___________” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London in or about the year 1340. A)Father of English literature B)founder of British literature C)Father of English poetry D) compiler of Canterbury Tales 2. Which of the following is not John Milton's works? A) Paradise Lost B) Paradise Regained C) Samson Agonistes D) Ulysses 3. “My Last Duchess” is a poem that best exemplifies Robert Browning?s ________. A) sensitive ear for the sounds of the English language B) excellent choice of words C) mastering of the metrical devices D) use of the dramatic monologue 4. Shakespeare?s four great tragedies are: Hamlet, Othello, ______ and ______. A) King Lear…Romeo and Juliet B) King Lear…Macbeth C) King John…Julius Caesar D) King John…The Merchant of Venice 5. The greatest English critical realist novelist was ______ , who criticized the bourgeois civilization and showed the misery of the common people. A) Charles Dickens B) Emily Bronte C) W.M. Thackeray D) Charlotte Bronte 6. Richard Brinsley Sheridan?s famous comedy, ________ written in 1777, is considered his masterpiece.

英美文学欣赏考题整理及答案

Part One：English Poetry 1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18 ?Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer?s day? And who could `thee` be? Because summer?s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love. ?What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why? Warm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May. ?How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line? Thee is more beautiful than summer. ?What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal? Because humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal. ?What figures of speech are used in this poem? Simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on . ?What is the theme of the poem? Love conquers all, Beauty lives on. 2. Thomas Nashe Spring ?Read the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearing words, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images. There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!” The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit，”impressions me most because of the harmony of the people?s relationship. ?Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poem? In the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θconsonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [ i : ]. 3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning ?What is a “valediction” any way? Is the speaker in the poem about to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning? No, it is about the lover s?separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife?s love is sacred, he didn?t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the ordinary and mundane.

英美文学选读试题详解4

英美文学选读-阶段测评4 成绩：30分 一、Multiple Choice 共40 题 题号: 1 本题分数:2.5 分 ( )is generally regarded as the forerunner of the 20th—century “stream—of—consciousness” novels and the founder of psychological realism. A、Theodore Dreiser B、William Faulkner C、Henry James D、Mark Twain (P498.para.2)亨利.詹姆斯是美国现实主义文学大师，他的作品往往涉及美国之外的主题，其作品的风格是“心理活动”。被誉为20世纪美国意识流文学的先驱。 标准答案：C 考生答案：D 本题得分：0 分 题号: 2 本题分数:2.5 分 Closely related to Dickinson’s religious poetry are her poems concerning( ),ranging over the physical as well as the psychological and emotional aspects of death. A、love and nature B、death and universe C、death and immortality D、family and happiness （P518para2）迪金森的诗歌涉及宗教和爱情两方面，而其涉及宗教的诗歌往往是以死亡和永恒为主题的，所以答案是C。 标准答案：C 考生答案：A

英美文学史期末考试资料

Comment on Walden In 1845, Thoreau decided to conduct an experiment of self-sufficiency by building his own house on the shores of Walden Pond and living off the food he grew on his farm. He sought to reduce his physical needs to a minimum, in order to free himself for study, thought, and observation of nature, himself. Walden can be many things and can be read on more than one level. But it is, first and foremost, a book about man, what he is, and what he should be and must be. Considered one of the all-time great books, Walden is a record of Thoreau's two year experiment of living at Walden Pond. The writer's chief emphasis is on the simplifications and enjoyment of life now. It is regarded as 1. a nature book.2. a do-it-yourself guide to simple life. 3. a satirical criticism of modern life and living. 4. a belletristic achievement 5. a spiritual book. The Scarlet Letter Symbolic meaning of the letter “A” :1.The scarlet letter “A” is the central symbol of the novel. At the beginning it symbolized the sin of Hester—“adultery”, 2.then gradually when Hester became accepted by the community, it stands for Hester’s intelligence and diligence—“able”. 3.At the end of the novel the symbol has evolved to represent the high virtues of Hester Prynne—“angel”. Comments on The Scarlet Letter:1.The theme of the story should be the moral, emotional and psychological effects of the sin on people. 2.Scarlet Letter is a cultural allegory, in which the author indirectly tells the future of Puritanism.3.Scarlet Letter is a sample in which American Romanticism adapted itself to American Puritanism.(Because of the strong influence of Puritanism in American society, Hawthorne only expressed his ideas on the sin indirectly by employing symbolism.) Symbolism in the novel Moby Dick A. the voyage itself is a metaphor for “search and discovery, the search for the ultimate truth of experience.” B. the Pequod is the ship of the American soul and consciousness. C. Moby Dick is a symbol of evil to some, of goodness to others, and of both to still others. D. The whiteness of Moby Dick is a paradoxical color, signifying death and corruption as well as purity, innocence and youth; it represents the final mystery of the universe. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Setting: unpopulated wildness an a dense forest along Mississippi River Characters:1.Ignorant uneducated black slave Jim2.Uneducated outcast white boy Huck Finn。Theme: Huck’s inner waving struggle between what he was taught and what he thought out of good-heart and humanity.Its Features：1.Profound portrait of Huckleberry Finn 2.Magic power with language, the use of vernacular. 3. Humor In a Station of the Metro1 by Ezra Pound The apparition of these faces in the crowd: Petals on a wet, black bough. Note: 1。a Paris subway station Analysis of this poem The poem’s form is similar to Japanese haiku, with considering its title as a verse-line. The word “apparition” has double meaning:1. “appearance”, something which can be clearly observed;2. something which seems real but perhaps is not real; something ghostly which cannot be clearly observed. Petals may refer to the faces in the crowd, while bough may refer to the railway in the Metro.

《英美文学选读》模拟试题(1)答案

《英美文学选读》模拟试题（一） 一、单项选择题 1.The excerpt from Chapter 10 of Sons and Lovers ends with the conflict between Paul and his mother. The conflict is possibly caused by Paul and his mother’s different views towards _____. A. Paul’s father B. art C. life D. Paul’s brother 2.The _____ can be regarded as one of the themes of Joyce’s story “Araby”. A. loss of innocence 在所有有關童年故事中，孩子都是同叔叔同姨媽同住，父母則不在身邊—這便是一種象征，象征父母與孩子之間骨肉親情的隔絕和一種正常關系的缺 失. B. childish love C. awareness of harsh life D. false sentimentality 錯誤的多愁善感 3.After reading “Araby”, one more feel the story has a _____ tone. A. joyous B. harsh C. solemn D. painful 4.In “Araby”, Joyce’s diction evokes a sort of _____ quality that characterizes the boy on this otherwise altogether ordinary shopping trip. A. religious B. moral C. sentimental D. vulgar 5.The major concern of _____ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature. A. D. H. Lawrence’s B. J. Galsworthy’s C. W. Thackeray’s D. T. Hardy’s 6.The mission of _____ drama was to reveal the moral, political and economic truth

英美文学史及选读期末考试常用名词解释

1.Alliteration：Alliteration is the repetition of a speech sound in a sequence of nearby words. The term is usually applied only to consonants, and only when the recurrent sound begins a word or a stressed syllable within a word. In old English alliteration is the principle organizing device of the verse line. 2.Romance：Romance is a long composition, sometimes in verse, sometimes in prose, describing the life and adventure of a noble hero. Romance was characteristic of the early feudal age, as it reflected the spirit of chivalry. The content of romance was usually about love, chivalry, and religion. 3.Soliloquy is a dramatic speech delivered by one character speaking aloud while under the impression of being alone. The soliloquist thus reveals his inner thoughts and feelings to the audience. It is also known as interior monologue. 4.sonnet: A sonnet is a short song in the original meaning of the word. Later it became a poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter with various rhyming schemes. 5.Conceit--- a kind of metaphor that makes a comparison between two startling different things. A conceit may strike the readers weird at first glance, but proves appropriate in the end. 6.The name applied to an intellectual movement which developed in Western Europe during the seventeenth century and reached its height in the eighteenth. The common element was a trust in human reason as adequate to solve the crucial problems and to establish the essential norms in life, together with the belief that the application of reason was rapidly dissipating the remaining feudal traditions. It influenced lots of famous English writers especially those neoclassic writers, such as Alexander Pope, Samuel Johnson etc.. 7.Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It makes a transition from the medieval to the modern world. It started in Italy with the flowering of painting, sculpture and literature, and then spread to the rest of Europe. The term Renaissance means rebirth or revival. The Renaissance period was marked by a reawakening of interest in learning, in the individual and in the world of nature. The revival of learning led scholars back to the culture of Greece and Rome. The rebirth of interest in the individual gave rise to a new appreciation of beauty, to a desire for self-expression in varied activities and to the creation of art. The renewal of curiosity about the nature word ultimately drew men to discover new lands and new scientific truths.

【自考答案】英美文学选读试题

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英美文学选读-阶段测评3 成绩：87.5分 一、Multiple Choice 共40 题 题号: 1 本题分数:2.5 分 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/305256665.html,wrence’s novels( )are generally regarded as his masterpieces. A、The Rainbow，Women in Love B、The Rainbow，Sons and Lovers C、Sons and Lovers，Lady Chatterley’s Lover D、Women in Love，Lady Chatterley’s Lover （P370.para2）劳伦斯的成名作是《儿子和情人》，而其代表作是《虹》和《恋爱中的女人》 标准答案：A 考生答案：A 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 2 本题分数:2.5 分 T.S.Eliot’s poem( )is heavily indebted to James Joyce in terms of the stream - of -consciousness technique,also a prelude to The Waste Land. A、―Prufrock‖ B、―Gerontion‖ C、The Hollow Men D、Lyrical Ballads （P358.para3）―Gerontion‖是一部用戏剧式独白写成的诗歌，是《荒原》的前奏曲，也采用了意识流派的文风。 标准答案：B 考生答案：B

本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 3 本题分数:2.5 分 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/305256665.html,wrence’s autobiographical novel is( ). A、The Rainbow B、Women in Love C、Sons and Lovers D、Lady Chatterley’s Lover （P369.para1）劳伦斯的作品大多都是从心理上去探求让人的本能的，同时也反映人性中最内在的东西。其作品《儿子和情人》真实地反映了自己在童年时期的家庭状况，被视为其半自传体小说。 标准答案：C 考生答案：C 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 4 本题分数:2.5 分 The typical representatives of G.B.Shaw’ s early plays are( ). A、Man and Superman，The Apple Cart B、Widowers’ House，Mrs. Warren’ s Profession C、Candida，Mrs. Warren’ s Profession D、The Apple Cart，Widowers’ House （P321-322）。萧伯纳的第一步剧作是Widowers’ House，写于1892年；第二部剧作是Mrs. Warren’ s Profession，写于1893年。 标准答案：B 考生答案：B 本题得分：2.5 分 题号: 5 本题分数:2.5 分 It was only after the publication of( )that https://www.wendangku.net/doc/305256665.html,wrence was recognized as a prominent novelist.

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